Margaret O''Brien Caughy
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 201274 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Margaret O''Brien Caughy |
| NOMBRES | Margaret O''Brien |
| APELLIDO | Caughy |
| FIRMA | CAUGHY M O B |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Georgia |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3237-5259 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 59 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 549 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 59 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1996 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
More than a sponge
These results highlight the active role of Latinx youth in familial discussions of race and ethnicity, illustrating how children elicit different responses from their parents, ultimately helping to shape the ERS process. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved)
Neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage and physical disorder, parenting strategies, and youths' future orientation
Modeling longitudinal change patterns of self-regulation from early to middle childhood
Patterns of change in self-regulation from the ages of 2.5 to 12 years were modeled using repeated measures of self-regulation for a sample of 399 African American ( n = 180, 45%) and Latinx ( n = 219, 55%) children from families experiencing low income. Measures included both direct assessment and parent report. Results confirmed four components of self-regulation: working memory, inhibitory control, complex response inhibition, and set shifting…
Mother–Child Inter‐ and Intra‐personal Affect Is Associated With Dynamic Trajectories of Physiological Self‐Regulation in Black and Latinx Youth
Inter‐ and intrapersonal affect (IIPA; mother–child warm emotional exchange and individual expressions of positive affect) supports adaptive child self‐regulation in Black and Latinx families but has yet to be assessed in relation to youth's respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). Contextual stressors (income, internalizing symptoms) can undermine Black and Latinx children's RSA regulation. Using a self‐regulation promotion framework, this study exam…
“At the end of the day, someone done lost their child”
How Black Americans in the United States (U.S.) make sense of a sociopolitical climate marked by racist imagery, tensions, and police violence is important to understand given the numerously documented detrimental effects of racism‐related stress on the well‐being of Black parents and children. Informed by Racism‐Related Stress Theory, the current study employed a convergent parallel mixed methods design to better understand the ways racism‐relat…
Acculturation stress magnifies child depression effect of stressful life events for Latinx youth 3 years later
Adding to the literature on SLEs within Latinx families, these results indicate that acculturation and socio-political climate stressors need be considered in discussions of the effects of life stress on Latinx youth and their families
Actively changing the narrative
Recognizing culturally salient aspects of socialization practices and understanding how these practices support culturally valued aspects of development is an integral component in conducting anti‐racist research and validating the lived experiences of minoritized families. With this aim, we explored how Active Direction, an observational rating of an African American approach to parenting measured during mother–child interactions at age 2.5 ( n …
Mothers’ School Readiness Beliefs and Literacy Involvement and Children’s Academic Outcomes in Ethnic Minority Families
This research tested a mediation model, examining whether individual differences in mothers’ school readiness beliefs influenced home literacy practices and children’s later academic achievement among African American (n = 114) and primarily Mexican origin Latina mothers (n = 164) and their children. Mothers of children ages 3–4 years reported school readiness beliefs and home literacy practices. Later (ages 6–7 years), reading and math achieveme…
Message received
Incorporating both parent and youth reports of ERS provides a more complete picture of these practices and associated outcomes. Implications for the study of ERS and clinical intervention are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
Stability of parenting profiles in early childhood for African American children in households experiencing poverty
Changes in Ethnic Identity in Middle Childhood
The present study examined changes in ethnic and racial identity (ERI) over one year among 353 Black and Latino early adolescents in relation to ethnic-racial socialization (ERS) and neighborhood economic and demographic characteristics. Parent and child reports of ERS were collected, and child ERI was assessed via self-report. Neighborhood measures included economic disadvantage and ethnic diversity. Results indicated parent report of preparatio…
Patterns of Observed Dyadic Ethnic-Racial Socialization among Black and Latinx Families in Response to a Hypothetical Experience of Discrimination at School
“The Talk” and Parenting While Black in America
“The Talk” refers to a specific type of racial socialization message that many Black parents have with their children about how to safely conduct themselves when interacting with police officers and other individuals in positions of power. With the recent increased exposure of racialized violence against Black people at the hands of police and vigilantes in the United States, many parents of young Black children now feel especially compelled to i…
Emergence of ethnic–racial socialization for African American and Latinx families
This study provides evidence that ERS strategies commonly used with older children emerge very early on in family experiences and supports the notion that the transition to kindergarten marks a notable ecological shift for ethnic minority children. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Preparing Black and Latinx children for police encounters
We hypothesized that the goodness-of-fit between profiles of observed, caregiver-provided ethnic-racial socialization (ERS), and child self-regulation (i.e., inhibitory control) would differentially associate with child behavioral outcomes. Conversations between 80 caregivers (45% Latinx; 55% Black) and their children (M age = 11.09; 46% female) were rated for ERS. Measures included an inhibitory control composite (ages 2.5-3.5) and the Child Beh…
Self-regulation development among young Spanish-English dual language learners
Responding to racism at school
Guided by the Theory of Racial Socialization in Action (TRSA; Smith-Bynum in press), this study examined observed caregiver-provided ethnic-racial socialization in response to a school-based discriminatory dilemma. Forty-five Black and 36 Latinx caregivers (88% mothers) with low-income and their children (Mage = 11.09, SD = 0.29; 46.3% female) participated in Dallas, Texas from 2018 to 2019. Dyads responded to a hypothetical scenario in which a s…
Toward a Strengths-Based Model of Latinx Child Development
Latinx parents’ perceptions of how the changing immigration climate has affected their adolescent children
The quality of mother-toddler communication predicts language and early literacy in Mexican American children from low-income households
Holding both truths
Ethnic‐racial socialization is at the core of ethnic minority families’ adaptive response to a racialized social climate. Protective links between ethnic‐racial socialization and children's adjustment are well documented in the adolescent years; however, very few studies have considered the ethnic‐racial socialization of young children altogether and fewer still have examined the links to adjustment using longitudinal designs. Leveraging unique, …
Physiological Stress Response Reactivity Mediates the Link Between Emotional Abuse and Youth Internalizing Problems
White Supremacy and the Web of Family Science
Family science is at the forefront of understanding the multiple and interconnected risk and protective factors (e.g., poverty vs. wealth, racism and discrimination, privilege) that affect families and the contexts in which they live. In this article, we use the metaphor of spider and web to suggest that family science theorizing is missing an integral piece of the puzzle—the designer of the contexts that have become the field's object of study a…
Racism and preparation for bias within African American families
Objectives: Exposure to racism experienced by caregivers poses a threat to child developmental outcomes. The current study examines the effects of caregiver-experienced racism on the development of internalizing behaviors for African American children during a sensitive period in their development of racial awareness. Two aspects of caregiver-provided ethnic racial socialization (ERS), cultural socialization and preparation for bias, were assesse…
Culture, parenting, and language
The cultural value of respeto (respect) is central to Latine parenting. Yet, how respeto manifests in the interactions of Latine parents and their young children remains unexamined. Low-income Mexican immigrant Spanish-speaking mothers and their 2.5-year-old toddlers ( N = 128) were video-recorded during play ( M age = 30.2 months, SD = 0.52), and two culturally informed items of respeto were coded: parent calm authority and child affiliative obe…
When being alone might be better
Neighborhood risk factors for low birthweight in Baltimore
OBJECTIVES: Past research on low birthweight has focused on individual-level risk factors. We sought to assess the contribution of macrolevel social factors by using census tract-level data on social stratification, community empowerment, and environmental stressors. METHODS: Census tract-level information on social risk was linked to birth certificate records from Baltimore, Md, for the period 1985 through 1989. Individual level factors included…
Neighborhood economic conditions, social processes, and self-rated health in low-income neighborhoods in Texas
Experiences of Racism Among African American Parents and the Mental Health of Their Preschool-Aged Children
Experiences of and responses to racism among African American parents have important effects on the well-being of their young children
Profiles of Racial Socialization Among African American Parents
The Effect of Residential Neighborhood on Child Behavior Problems in First Grade
Child behavior problems have been identified as being responsible for the greatest reduction in quality of life for children between ages 1 and 19. In this study, we examine whether neighborhood social processes are associated with differences in child behavior problems in an economically and racially diverse sample of 405 urban‐dwelling first grade children and whether parenting behavior mediates and/or moderates the effects of neighborhoods. Fu…
White Supremacy and the Web of Family Science
Family science is at the forefront of understanding the multiple and interconnected risk and protective factors (e.g., poverty vs. wealth, racism and discrimination, privilege) that affect families and the contexts in which they live. In this article, we use the metaphor of spider and web to suggest that family science theorizing is missing an integral piece of the puzzle—the designer of the contexts that have become the field's object of study a…
Cultural socialization and school readiness of African American and Latino preschoolers
Cultural socialization practices are common among ethnic minority parents and important for ethnic minority child development. However, little research has examined these practices among parents of very young children. In this study, we report on cultural socialization practices among a sample of parents of low income, African American (n = 179) and Latino (n = 220) preschool-age children in relation to children's school readiness. Cultural socia…
Effects of cumulative risk on behavioral and psychological well-being in first grade
Neighborhood Poverty, Social Capital, and the Cognitive Development of African American Preschoolers
In this investigation, we examine the impact of the ecological context of the residential neighborhood on the cognitive development of children by considering social processes not only at the family‐level but also at the neighborhood‐level. In a socioeconomically diverse sample of 200 African American children living in 39 neighborhoods in Baltimore, we found that neighborhood poverty was associated with poorer problem‐solving skills over and abo…
The Africentric Home Environment Inventory
The sociocultural context of the home is one of the most important socializing environments for young children. In this study, the authors describe an observational measure for racial socialization features of the home environment. Data were collected during home visits to 200 socioeconomically diverse urban African American families with preschool children, and a principal axis factor analysis revealed a single factor with an internal reliabilit…
No neighborhood is an island
Neighborhood Correlates of Cultural Differences in Perceived Effectiveness of Parental Disciplinary Actions
Objective. This study examines variations in attitudes regarding child discipline by race/ethnicity and by characteristics of the residential neighborhood. Design. A survey of 3,115 adults living in 13 different neighborhoods in Texas was conducted. Respondents were asked to rate the effectiveness of 8 different discipline strategies: Explain, Ignore, Slap Hand, Spank with Hand, Threaten, Time Out, Withdraw Privileges, and Yell. Chi square analys…
Perceptions of Parenting
Neighborhood norms are an important determinant of beliefs and attitudes about parenting, and measuring changes in community norms is an important component of evaluating community‐based programs for improving child outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not a survey of community residents' perceptions of parenting could be used to measure community parenting norms and whether these perceptions differed by individual or c…
Social Competence in Late Elementary School
Responding to racism at school
Guided by the Theory of Racial Socialization in Action (TRSA; Smith-Bynum in press), this study examined observed caregiver-provided ethnic-racial socialization in response to a school-based discriminatory dilemma. Forty-five Black and 36 Latinx caregivers (88% mothers) with low-income and their children (Mage = 11.09, SD = 0.29; 46.3% female) participated in Dallas, Texas from 2018 to 2019. Dyads responded to a hypothetical scenario in which a s…
Neighborhood social processes and academic achievement in elementary school
To examine how neighborhood characteristics influence academic achievement, data were drawn from a community survey of low‐income neighborhoods and linked with data on performance on standardized testing for third‐grade students attending elementary schools in those communities. Results of multilevel logistic regressions indicated that probability of passing the reading portion of the test was associated with high neighborhood expectations for ed…
Health and environmental effects on the academic readiness of school-age children
Secondary analysis was used to examine how health and environmental risk affect mathematics and reading readiness in a sample of 867 5- and 6-year-old children from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Measures of risk included low birth weight, length of hospitalization at birth, rehospitalization during the first year of life, family income, maternal education, and the quality of the home environment. Although academic readiness was large…
Symptoms and synchrony
Physiological synchrony, or concordance, among caregiver-child dyads involves the matching of biological states. Understanding this process is critical for enhancing our knowledge of the ways that the caregiver-child relationship supports child development. However, the meaning of physiological synchrony for child adjustment is poorly understood. This study examined physiological synchrony in respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), an indicator of pa…
Gender differences in the relation between mothering behaviors and child-behavior problems among Hispanic preschoolers
This is a report of an examination of gender differences in behavior problems and a prediction of their changes from 2.5 to 3.5 years from mothering qualities among 209 low-income Hispanic children. Externalizing behaviors declined over this time somewhat more for girls than for boys. Fewer externalizing behavior problems at age 3.5 were correlated with more supportive and less intrusive mothering at 2.5, but only for boys, and increases in exter…
Racism and preparation for bias within African American families
Objectives: Exposure to racism experienced by caregivers poses a threat to child developmental outcomes. The current study examines the effects of caregiver-experienced racism on the development of internalizing behaviors for African American children during a sensitive period in their development of racial awareness. Two aspects of caregiver-provided ethnic racial socialization (ERS), cultural socialization and preparation for bias, were assesse…
Emergence of ethnic–racial socialization for African American and Latinx families
This study provides evidence that ERS strategies commonly used with older children emerge very early on in family experiences and supports the notion that the transition to kindergarten marks a notable ecological shift for ethnic minority children. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)
Preparing Black and Latinx children for police encounters
We hypothesized that the goodness-of-fit between profiles of observed, caregiver-provided ethnic-racial socialization (ERS), and child self-regulation (i.e., inhibitory control) would differentially associate with child behavioral outcomes. Conversations between 80 caregivers (45% Latinx; 55% Black) and their children (M age = 11.09; 46% female) were rated for ERS. Measures included an inhibitory control composite (ages 2.5-3.5) and the Child Beh…
Culture, parenting, and language
The cultural value of respeto (respect) is central to Latine parenting. Yet, how respeto manifests in the interactions of Latine parents and their young children remains unexamined. Low-income Mexican immigrant Spanish-speaking mothers and their 2.5-year-old toddlers ( N = 128) were video-recorded during play ( M age = 30.2 months, SD = 0.52), and two culturally informed items of respeto were coded: parent calm authority and child affiliative obe…
Childhood Neglect, Internalizing Symptoms and Adolescent Substance Use
Health and environmental effects on the academic readiness of school-age children
Secondary analysis was used to examine how health and environmental risk affect mathematics and reading readiness in a sample of 867 5- and 6-year-old children from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Measures of risk included low birth weight, length of hospitalization at birth, rehospitalization during the first year of life, family income, maternal education, and the quality of the home environment. Although academic readiness was large…
Neighborhood risk factors for low birthweight in Baltimore
OBJECTIVES: Past research on low birthweight has focused on individual-level risk factors. We sought to assess the contribution of macrolevel social factors by using census tract-level data on social stratification, community empowerment, and environmental stressors. METHODS: Census tract-level information on social risk was linked to birth certificate records from Baltimore, Md, for the period 1985 through 1989. Individual level factors included…
Neighborhoods, families, and children
Recent global and national trends have put a growing number of families and children living in the United States at risk for adverse health and developmental outcomes. Policies and programs designed to address these problems have too often focused on the characteristics of individuals as the root cause and have failed to address significantly core problems. The research reported here suggests that researchers, program planners, and policy makers …
A brief observational measure for urban neighborhoods
Perceptions of Parenting
Neighborhood norms are an important determinant of beliefs and attitudes about parenting, and measuring changes in community norms is an important component of evaluating community‐based programs for improving child outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not a survey of community residents' perceptions of parenting could be used to measure community parenting norms and whether these perceptions differed by individual or c…
The Influence of Racial Socialization Practices on the Cognitive and Behavioral Competence of African American Preschoolers
The association between parent racial socialization and child competence was examined in a socioeconomically diverse sample of African American preschoolers living in an urban setting. Interviews were conducted in the homes of 200 families. Racial socialization was assessed by parent report as well as by observation of the sociocultural context of the home, and child outcomes were assessed using the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children and the…
The Africentric Home Environment Inventory
The sociocultural context of the home is one of the most important socializing environments for young children. In this study, the authors describe an observational measure for racial socialization features of the home environment. Data were collected during home visits to 200 socioeconomically diverse urban African American families with preschool children, and a principal axis factor analysis revealed a single factor with an internal reliabilit…
When being alone might be better
The effects of the Healthy Steps for Young Children Program
Environmental Influences on Safer Sex in Young Gay Men
Experiences of Racism Among African American Parents and the Mental Health of Their Preschool-Aged Children
Experiences of and responses to racism among African American parents have important effects on the well-being of their young children
Neighborhood Correlates of Cultural Differences in Perceived Effectiveness of Parental Disciplinary Actions
Objective. This study examines variations in attitudes regarding child discipline by race/ethnicity and by characteristics of the residential neighborhood. Design. A survey of 3,115 adults living in 13 different neighborhoods in Texas was conducted. Respondents were asked to rate the effectiveness of 8 different discipline strategies: Explain, Ignore, Slap Hand, Spank with Hand, Threaten, Time Out, Withdraw Privileges, and Yell. Chi square analys…
Neighborhood economic conditions, social processes, and self-rated health in low-income neighborhoods in Texas
Neighborhood Matters
Differences in racial socialization practices and their effects were examined in a sample of 241 African American 1st graders (average age 6.59 years) living in an urban area. Child outcomes included cognitive development, receptive language skills, and child problem behavior. The cultural environment of the home was associated with higher cognitive scores for boys living in high negative social climate and low social capital neighborhoods and fo…
Neighborhood Poverty, Social Capital, and the Cognitive Development of African American Preschoolers
In this investigation, we examine the impact of the ecological context of the residential neighborhood on the cognitive development of children by considering social processes not only at the family‐level but also at the neighborhood‐level. In a socioeconomically diverse sample of 200 African American children living in 39 neighborhoods in Baltimore, we found that neighborhood poverty was associated with poorer problem‐solving skills over and abo…
The Effect of Social Isolation on Depressive Symptoms Varies by Neighborhood Characteristics
No neighborhood is an island
Perceptions of disorder
The Effect of Residential Neighborhood on Child Behavior Problems in First Grade
Child behavior problems have been identified as being responsible for the greatest reduction in quality of life for children between ages 1 and 19. In this study, we examine whether neighborhood social processes are associated with differences in child behavior problems in an economically and racially diverse sample of 405 urban‐dwelling first grade children and whether parenting behavior mediates and/or moderates the effects of neighborhoods. Fu…
Neighborhood social processes and academic achievement in elementary school
To examine how neighborhood characteristics influence academic achievement, data were drawn from a community survey of low‐income neighborhoods and linked with data on performance on standardized testing for third‐grade students attending elementary schools in those communities. Results of multilevel logistic regressions indicated that probability of passing the reading portion of the test was associated with high neighborhood expectations for ed…
Examining methodological details of neighbourhood observations and the relationship to health
Profiles of Racial Socialization Among African American Parents
Effects of cumulative risk on behavioral and psychological well-being in first grade
Partner abuse or violence, parenting and neighborhood influences on children's behavioral problems
Family income trajectory during childhood is associated with adiposity in adolescence
Findings suggest that promoting upward socioeconomic mobility among disadvantaged families may have a positive impact on obesity-related outcomes in adolescence
Psychology (57 obras) · Developmental psychology (50 obras) · Early Childhood Education and Development (34 obras) · Social Psychology (29 obras) · Medicine (27 obras) · Sociology (27 obras) · Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development (24 obras) · Social Psychology (20 obras) · Ethnic group (19 obras) · Racial and Ethnic Identity Research (17 obras)