David Canning
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 211968 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | David Canning |
| NOMBRES | David |
| APELLIDO | Canning |
| FIRMA | CANNING D |
| AFILIACIONES | Harvard Global Health Institute |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4041-1229 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 56 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 405 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1988 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Hormonal contraception and hemoglobin levels in urban Malawi
Studies have highlighted potential non-contraceptive benefits from women’s use of hormonal, reversible contraceptive methods. Given the physiological pathways through which hormonal contraception may interact with menstruation, a growing body of work has documented the extent to which hormonal method use might be associated with increased hemoglobin levels and reductions in the risk of anemia in women. While these findings are promising, the scop…
AI to review government records
This article presents ground-breaking new work on AI applied to the government records of the Cabinet Office, in order to automatically identify historically significant records to preserve and other records that can be deleted. The Cabinet Office is the UK central government department that supports the Prime Minister in the effective running of government. Its records are among the most important that are deposited in The National Archives, cov…
Health and economic growth
Family Planning and Children's Human Capital
We conduct a randomized controlled trial that provides pregnant and immediate postpartum women with improved access to family planning through counseling, free transportation to a clinic, and financial reimbursement for family planning services over two years. We study the effects of our intervention on child growth and development outcomes among 1,034 children born to participating women directly before the intervention rollout. We find that chi…
Adjusting Injectable Contraceptive Use for Months Since the Last Injection
Injectables are one of the most popular methods of contraception worldwide, particularly in sub‐Saharan Africa. An advantage of injectables over shorter‐acting methods is that they provide additional flexibility by not requiring re‐supply as frequently. However, there is a risk that injectable users may delay their next injection and may therefore have reduced or no protection from pregnancy. In surveys, women may report that they are using contr…
Unwanted Family Planning Including Unwanted Sterilization
Estimates of unwanted family planning (UFP), which are based on a desire to have a child in the next nine months among current contraceptive users, exclude women who are sterilized since these women are not asked about their fertility preferences; all sterilized women are assumed to have a “met need” for family planning. However, the India National Family Health Survey asks sterilized women if they regret being sterilized and whether they were to…
Exploring the Relationship between Anemia and Postpartum Depression
Our findings suggest a potential association between anemia and postpartum depression among women in Malawi. Policies that aim to improve nutrition and health outcomes for pregnant and postpartum women could generate a "double benefit" by both preventing anemia and reducing the risk of postpartum depression
Unwanted Family Planning
While there is a large literature on the prevalence of unmet need for family planning, there is no matching quantitative evidence on the prevalence of unwanted family planning; all contraceptive use is assumed to represent a “met need.” This lack of evidence raises concerns that some observed contraceptive use may be undesired and coercive. We provide estimates of unwanted family planning using Demographic and Health Survey data collected from 1,…
The impact of a randomized cash transfer intervention on mortality of adult household members in rural South Africa, 2011-2022
The Effect of Family Planning Counseling on Incident Pregnancy in Nepal
An intervention aimed at institutionalizing postpartum intrauterine device (PPIUD) services was introduced in Nepal between 2015 and 2019. The intervention was evaluated using a cluster‐randomized stepped‐wedge trial, with data on women being collected immediately after delivery and at one‐ and two‐year postpartum follow‐ups. The sample consists of 19,155 women. We used intention‐to‐treat (ITT) analysis and structural equation model (SEM) to inve…
Understanding the Pathways from Prenatal and Post-Birth PM2.5 Exposure to Infant Death
We studied the relationship of prenatal and post-birth exposure to particulate matter 2.5 ) with infant mortality for all births between 2011 and 2013 in the conterminous United States. Prenatal exposure was defined separately for each trimester, post-birth exposure was defined in the 12 months following the prenatal period, and infant mortality was defined as death in the first year of life. For the analysis, we merged over 10 million cohort-lin…
The association of in-utero exposure to ambient fine particulate air pollution with low birth weight in India
A growing body of research indicates that in-utero exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is a risk factor for low birth weight (LBW). However, research on India, where the high and rising level of ambient air pollution is a significant health concern, is limited. In this study, we analyze the association between ambient PM 2.5 and LBW in India. We match data on birth weight from the National Family and Health Survey (NFHS) conduct…
Proximate and distal factors associated with the stall in the decline of adolescent pregnancy in Uganda
The stall in the decline of adolescent pregnancies in Uganda was linked to a stall in the reduction of adolescent marriage, which in turn was associated with limited progress in female educational attainment between 2006 and 2016. We emphasize the need for a renewed focus on girl's education and poverty reduction to reduce adolescent pregnancy in Uganda and subsequently improve health outcomes for adolescent girls
The impact of a personalized, community-based counselling and referral programme on modern contraceptive use in urban Ghana
Community-based demand-generation family planning programmes have been associated with increased contraceptive use in rural areas of Ghana. However, rigorous evaluations of such programmes in urban contexts are lacking. We used a retrospective, cross-sectional with comparison group design to estimate the immediate and sustained impact of the Willows intervention on modern contraceptive use in Kumasi, Ghana. The Willows intervention is a home-base…
Dynamics of Emergency Contraceptive Use in Accra, Ghana
Recent data suggest increasing rates of emergency contraception (EC) use in Ghana, particularly in urban areas. In 2018, we collected survey data from 3,703 sexually experienced women aged 16–44 years living in low‐income settlements of Accra. We estimated the prevalence of lifetime and current EC use. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with current use of EC. Retrospective monthly calendar data on contraceptiv…
The distance-quality trade-off in women’s choice of family planning provider in North Eastern Tanzania
Introduction: Studies on the determinants of contraceptive use often consider distance to the nearest health facility offering contraception as a key explanatory variable. Women, however, may not seek contraception from the nearest facility, rather opting for a more distant facility with better quality services or to ensure greater privacy and anonymity. Methods: The dataset used include the name of facility where each women obtained contraceptio…
Applying Inverse Probability Weighting to Measure Contraceptive Prevalence Using Data from a Community-Based Reproductive Health Intervention in Pakistan
CONTEXT: Many community-based reproductive health programs use their program data to monitor progress toward goals. However, using such data to assess programmatic impact on outcomes such as contraceptive use poses methodological challenges. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) may help overcome these issues. METHODS: Data on 33,162 women collected in 2013-2015 as part of a large-scale community-based reproductive health initiative were used to pr…
An Application of the List Experiment to Estimate Abortion Prevalence in Karachi, Pakistan
CONTEXT: Abortion is particularly difficult to measure, especially in legally restrictive settings such as Pakistan. The List Experiment-a technique for measuring sensitive health behaviors indirectly-may minimize respondents' underreporting of abortion due to stigma or legal restrictions, but has not been previously applied to estimate abortion prevalence in Pakistan. METHODS: A sample of 4,159 married women of reproductive age were recruited fr…
Reframing the Measurement of Women's Work in the Sub-Saharan African Context
This research note considers how we measure women's work in the sub-Saharan African (SSA) context. Drawing on qualitative work conducted in Burundi, the note examines how existing measures of women's work do not accurately capture the intensity and type of work women in SSA undertake. Transcripts from qualitative interviews suggest that women think of work to meet their roles and responsibilities within the household. The women in the interviews …
Cohort Profile
Population ageing is a global phenomenon. The United Nations estimates that the world population aged over 60 will have increased 3-fold from 1950 to 2050, to reach 21% of the population.1 This compositional shift is happening fastest in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC).2 South Africa in particular is undergoing a dramatic demographic and epidemiological transition, and little is known about the socioeconomic determinants or consequences o…
Ethnolinguistic Concordance and the Receipt of Postpartum IUD Counseling Services in Sri Lanka
CONTEXT: Ethnic and linguistic concordance are important dimensions of the patient-physician relationship, and are linked to health care disparities. However, evidence on the associations between health behavior and outcomes and patient-provider concordance is limited, especially in low- and middle-income settings. METHODS: To examine how concordance between women and their primary health midwife is associated with women's receipt of postpartum I…
Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Air Pollution in Utero as a Risk Factor for Child Stunting in Bangladesh
Pregnant mothers in Bangladesh are exposed to very high and worsening levels of ambient air pollution. Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter has been associated with low birth weight at much lower levels of exposure, leading us to suspect the potentially large effects of air pollution on stunting in children in Bangladesh. We estimate the relationship between exposure to air pollution in utero and child stunting by pooling outcome data fro…
The Effect of Fertility Decline on Economic Growth in Africa
Community‐Based Financing of Family Planning in Developing Countries
In this systematic review, we gather evidence on community financing schemes and insurance programs for family planning in developing countries, and we assess the impact of these programs on primary outcomes related to contraceptive use. To identify and evaluate the research findings, we adopt a four‐stage review process that employs a weight‐of‐evidence and risk‐of‐bias analytic approach. Out of 19,138 references that were identified, only four …
Attributes of patient-centered primary care associated with the public perception of good healthcare quality in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and El Salvador
This study evaluated primary care attributes of patient-centered care associated with the public perception of good quality in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and El Salvador. We conducted a secondary data analysis of a Latin American survey on public perceptions and experiences with healthcare systems. The primary care attributes examined were access, coordination, provider-patient communication, provision of health-related information and emotional su…
Fertility, female labor force participation, and the demographic dividend
We estimate the effect of fertility on female labor force participation in a panel of countries using abortion legislation as an instrument for fertility. We find that removing legal restrictions on abortion significantly reduces fertility and estimate that, on average, a birth reduces a woman's labor supply by almost 2 years during her reproductive life. Our results imply that behavioral change, in the form of increased female labor supply, cont…
The Effect of Health on Economic Growth
The Demographic Dividend
There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right ki…
Demographic change, social security systems, and savings
Global Population Aging
The rapid aging of populations around the world presents an unprecedented set of challenges: shifting disease burden, increased expenditure on health and long-term care, labor-force shortages, dissaving, and potential problems with old-age income security. We view longer life spans, particularly longer healthy life spans, as an enormous gain for human welfare. The challenges come from the fact that our current institutional and social arrangement…
Disease and Development Revisited
The Health and Poverty of Nations
Health is both a direct component of human well-being and a form of human capital that increases an individual's capabilities. We argue that these two views are complementary and that both can be used to justify increased investment in health in developing countries. In particular, we argue that the large effect improved health has on household incomes and economic growth makes it an important tool for poverty reduction. We survey the literature …
The effect of population health on foreign direct investment inflows to low- and middle-income countries
The Cost of Low Fertility in Europe
The Effect of Fertility Decline on Economic Growth in Africa
Unwanted Family Planning
While there is a large literature on the prevalence of unmet need for family planning, there is no matching quantitative evidence on the prevalence of unwanted family planning; all contraceptive use is assumed to represent a “met need.” This lack of evidence raises concerns that some observed contraceptive use may be undesired and coercive. We provide estimates of unwanted family planning using Demographic and Health Survey data collected from 1,…
Northern Ireland
The causes and consequences of demographic transition
The views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Harvard Initiative for Global Health. The Program on the Global Demography of Aging receives
Investing in health to improve the wellbeing of the disadvantaged
Reframing the Measurement of Women's Work in the Sub-Saharan African Context
This research note considers how we measure women's work in the sub-Saharan African (SSA) context. Drawing on qualitative work conducted in Burundi, the note examines how existing measures of women's work do not accurately capture the intensity and type of work women in SSA undertake. Transcripts from qualitative interviews suggest that women think of work to meet their roles and responsibilities within the household. The women in the interviews …
Attributes of patient-centered primary care associated with the public perception of good healthcare quality in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and El Salvador
This study evaluated primary care attributes of patient-centered care associated with the public perception of good quality in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and El Salvador. We conducted a secondary data analysis of a Latin American survey on public perceptions and experiences with healthcare systems. The primary care attributes examined were access, coordination, provider-patient communication, provision of health-related information and emotional su…
Distal determinants of fertility decline
Districts in India exhibit enormous variation in the level of socioeconomic development and are at different stages of fertility transition. Though a large and growing body of literature has examined the proximate determinant of fertility at the state and
The effect of changes in health sector resources on infant mortality in the short-run and the long-run
The effect of maternal tetanus immunization on children's schooling attainment in Matlab, Bangladesh
The Demographic Dividend
This report reviews the debate over the effects of demographic change on economic growth and examines the research evidence on the economic impact of changes in age structure. It also examines the relationship between population change and economic development in particular regions of the world including the Middle East and North Africa. Finally it discusses how changes in the age structure interact with labor-market health and education policies…
Health and economic growth
Unwanted Family Planning Including Unwanted Sterilization
Estimates of unwanted family planning (UFP), which are based on a desire to have a child in the next nine months among current contraceptive users, exclude women who are sterilized since these women are not asked about their fertility preferences; all sterilized women are assumed to have a “met need” for family planning. However, the India National Family Health Survey asks sterilized women if they regret being sterilized and whether they were to…
Dynamics of Emergency Contraceptive Use in Accra, Ghana
Recent data suggest increasing rates of emergency contraception (EC) use in Ghana, particularly in urban areas. In 2018, we collected survey data from 3,703 sexually experienced women aged 16–44 years living in low‐income settlements of Accra. We estimated the prevalence of lifetime and current EC use. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with current use of EC. Retrospective monthly calendar data on contraceptiv…
The Economics of HIV/Aids in Low-Income Countries
There are two approaches to reducing the burden of sickness and death associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): treatment and prevention. Despite large international aid flows for HIV/AIDS, the needs for prevention and treatment in low- and middle-income countries outstrip the resources available. Thus, it becomes necessary to set priorities. With limited resources, should th…
Monetary Policy Versus Wage Adjustment as a Response to Demand Shocks
Journal Article Monetary Policy Versus Wage Adjustment as a Response to Demand Shocks Get access David Canning David Canning Department of Applied Economics, and Pembroke College, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 98, Issue 390, 1 April 1988, Pages 75–82, https://doi.org/10.2307/2233305 Published: 01 April 1988
Northern Ireland
Optimal Monetary Policy with Missing Markets
In real business cycle models with spot markets, agents respond optimally to fluctuations by varying their labor supply. While this is individually optimal, the employment volatility that results is efficient; the inefficiency is due to the lack of forward markets for labor and the consequent inability of the young to insure against future shocks. A real business cycle model is constructed in which an active monetary policy, accommodating past pr…
The Health and Wealth of Nations
Empirical studies show that health improvements provide a significant boost to economic growth in developing countries. This leads to the view that health, like education, is a fundamental component of human capital, and suggests the notion of health-led growth. Better health leads to higher income, but there is also a positive feedback effect, giving rise to a beneficial situation where health and income improvements are mutually reinforcing.
The Demographic Dividend
There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right ki…
The Effect of Health on Economic Growth
The Demographic Dividend
This report reviews the debate over the effects of demographic change on economic growth and examines the research evidence on the economic impact of changes in age structure. It also examines the relationship between population change and economic development in particular regions of the world including the Middle East and North Africa. Finally it discusses how changes in the age structure interact with labor-market health and education policies…
The Health and Poverty of Nations
Health is both a direct component of human well-being and a form of human capital that increases an individual's capabilities. We argue that these two views are complementary and that both can be used to justify increased investment in health in developing countries. In particular, we argue that the large effect improved health has on household incomes and economic growth makes it an important tool for poverty reduction. We survey the literature …
The effect of population health on foreign direct investment inflows to low- and middle-income countries
The Economics of HIV/Aids in Low-Income Countries
There are two approaches to reducing the burden of sickness and death associated with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which leads to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS): treatment and prevention. Despite large international aid flows for HIV/AIDS, the needs for prevention and treatment in low- and middle-income countries outstrip the resources available. Thus, it becomes necessary to set priorities. With limited resources, should th…
The height of women in Sub-Saharan Africa
Changes in cohort adult height over time in Sub-Saharan Africa are related to changes childhood health and nutrition, although variation across countries appears to be determined mainly by unexplained fixed factors
Demographic change, social security systems, and savings
Urbanization and the Wealth of Nations
The proportion of a country's population living in urban areas is highly correlated with its level of income. Urban areas offer economies of scale and richer market structures, and there is strong evidence that workers in urban areas are individually more productive, and earn more, than rural workers. However, rapid urbanization is also associated with crowding, environmental degradation, and other impediments to productivity. Overall, we find no…
Fertility, female labor force participation, and the demographic dividend
We estimate the effect of fertility on female labor force participation in a panel of countries using abortion legislation as an instrument for fertility. We find that removing legal restrictions on abortion significantly reduces fertility and estimate that, on average, a birth reduces a woman's labor supply by almost 2 years during her reproductive life. Our results imply that behavioral change, in the form of increased female labor supply, cont…
The effect of changes in health sector resources on infant mortality in the short-run and the long-run
Implications of population ageing for economic growth
The share of the population aged 60 and over is projected to increase in nearly every country in the world during the period 2005–50. Population ageing will tend to lower both labour-force participation and savings rates, thereby raising concerns about a future slowing of economic growth. Our calculations suggest that OECD countries are likely to see modest—but not catastrophic—declines in the rate of economic growth. However, behavioural respons…
Health trends in Sub-Saharan Africa
Investing in health to improve the wellbeing of the disadvantaged
The Cost of Low Fertility in Europe
The association of maternal age with infant mortality, child anthropometric failure, diarrhoea and anaemia for first births
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between maternal age at first birth and infant mortality, stunting, underweight, wasting, diarrhoea and anaemia in children in low- and middle-income countries. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative household samples. A modified Poisson regression model is used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted RR ratios. SETTING: Low- and middle-income countries. POPULATION: First births to women ag…
The effect of maternal tetanus immunization on children's schooling attainment in Matlab, Bangladesh
The causes and consequences of demographic transition
The views expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Harvard Initiative for Global Health. The Program on the Global Demography of Aging receives
The economic consequences of reproductive health and family planning
Progress in Health around the World
Health is a key component of human development. This article looks at how health is measured, and the convergence of health across countries. We argue that health measures should account for illness as well as mortality, but in practice life expectancy is a reasonable proxy for population health. While health is improving we see two distinct groups of countries in the data, clustering around different long run steady states. Many countries have e…
The impact of tobacco taxes on mortality in the USA, 1970–2005
Our results demonstrate that higher tobacco taxes lead to lower total mortality rates and avoided deaths. Strong tobacco tax policies are essential to improving overall population health
Medicine (36 obras) · Population (35 obras) · Environmental health (29 obras) · Demography (28 obras) · Economics (27 obras) · Economic growth (22 obras) · Global Health Care Issues (20 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (19 obras) · Demography (17 obras) · Developing country (13 obras)