Marcel Kornfeld
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 244983 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Marcel Kornfeld |
| NOMBRES | Marcel |
| APELLIDO | Kornfeld |
| FIRMA | KORNFELD M |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Wyoming |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 50 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 193 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 50 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1980 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Are all the Bone Rods the Same? Hell Gap Specimen and More
A recent article has proposed a musical instrument function for a Paleoindian age osseous rod from the Hell Gap site in southeastern Wyoming. Paleoindian rods, specifically those dating to the early Paleoindian period are suggested to be spear foreshafts, projectile points, sled runners, as well as serving other functions. Although osseous materials vary in physical properties, some lending themselves better for certain uses, functional attributi…
Not Simply the Surface
A recommendation of: Sara Daffara, Carlo Giraudi, Gabriele L.F. Berruti, Sandro Caracausi, Francesca Garanzini First evidence of a Palaeolithic occupation of the Po plain in Piedmont: the case of Trino (north-western Italy) https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/pz4uf
Revisiting the Ancients
MacHaffie is a classic, but like many other classics before final publication (e.g., Agate Basin, George C. Frison and Dennis J. Stanford, The Agate Basin Site, 1982. Academic Press, New York), awf
A rediscovered beveled osseous rod
Elongated osseous implements, often referred to as osseous or bone rods, are a defining characteristic of Early Paleoindian cultures of North America. A rod found in the Lindenmeier collection at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science, was radiocarbon dated and the results published several years ago, demonstrating its Mid Paleoindian association. The specimen highlighted the importance of museum collections for furthering our knowledge of rare it…
Fencing is perishable
His research focuses on Paleoindian lifeways, peopling of the Americas, site structure, hunter-gatherers, cultural ecology, chipped stone technology, and human use of rockshelters. Correspondence to: Marcel Kornfeld; University of Wyoming, Department 3431, 1000 East University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. Email: [email protected]. AdovasioJ. M. Adovasio is currently the Director of Archaeology at the Senator John Heinz History Center in Pitt…
Down the Rabbit Hole
The Sheep Mountain juniper bark net, originally thought to be of Paleoindian age, was redated by Sundstrom and Walker (2021) to the Late Prehistoric period. Although the original investigators convincingly argued that the net was intended for use with mountain sheep or deer, Sundstrom and Walker suggest it was used to trap small game such as rabbits or sage grouse. Unfortunately, the authors ignore important information presented by the original …
Late Pleistocene environments of the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming-Montana, USA
Limited numbers of high-resolution records predate the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) making it difficult to quantify the impacts of environmental changes prior to peak glaciation. We examined sediments from Last Canyon Cave in the Pryor Mountains of Montana and Wyoming to construct a >45 ka environmental record from pollen and stable isotope analysis. Artemisia pollen was hyper-abundant at the beginning of the record. Carbon isotope values of bulk o…
In Memoriam
In 2020, the international and interdisciplinary field of the peopling of the Americas lost three giants: George C. Frison, José C. Jiménez López, and Yuri A. Mochanov. We join their families, friends, and colleagues in the USA, Mexico, Russia, and elsewhere across the Americas and northeast Asia in mourning their deaths and celebrating their lives and accomplishments
Folsom Technological Organization in the Middle Park of Colorado
This chapter focuses on Folsom technological organization in the Middle Park. It argues for an even broader spectrum model for the Folsom period and continues to suggest that Folsom subsistence can be characterized as generalized broad spectrum foraging and residential settlement as highly mobile. In the Middle Park of Colorado, the lack of other artifacts is an especially acute problem as virtually nothing but chipped stone exists from Folsom pe…
Perishable artifacts from Last Canyon Cave, Montana
Perishable artifacts are rare finds in the Northwest Plains and the adjacent Rocky Mountains and any addition to the inventory makes a significant contribution. In the case of perishable objects from Last Canyon Cave in southern Montana, this is particularly true as one of the objects is unique to the region, a sandal. In this paper we describe the two items from Last Canyon, discuss their regional occurrence, and suggest the origin of the techno…
George Carr Frison
Component age estimates for the Hell Gap Paleoindian site and methods for chronological modeling of stratified open sites - Response to commentary by C. Vance Haynes
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Further Insights Into Paleoindian Use of the Powars Ii Red Ocher Quarry (48pl330), Wyoming
We report major new insights from recent research at the Powars II Paleoindian red ocher quarry (48PL330). We salvaged more than 7,000 artifacts from Powars II between 2014 and 2016 by screening redeposited sediment from the talus slope below the intact portion of the site. Clovis artifacts dominate the diagnostic artifact assemblage, including 53 Clovis points, 33 preforms, and artifacts associated with a previously unrecognized blade core indus…
Component age estimates for the Hell Gap Paleoindian site and methods for chronological modeling of stratified open sites
The Hell Gap National Historic Landmark, located on the northwestern plains of Wyoming, is one of the most important Paleoindian archaeological sites in North America because it contains a stratified sequence of occupations spanning nearly the entirety of the Paleoindian period. Although Hell Gap is central to archaeological knowledge concerning North American Paleoindian chronology, consistently assigning component ages has been problematic due …
Editor's Corner
As the editor of our journal for the past five years, I have been privileged to serve my many colleagues – members of the Plains Anthropological Society, as well as numerous outside readers. And it...
Editor's Corner
"Editor's Corner." Plains Anthropologist, 62(241), pp. 3–4
Editor's Corner
"Editor's Corner." Plains Anthropologist, 62(242), pp. 97–98
Nunataks and valley glaciers
Editor's Corner
Plains Anthropologist no. 237 is the second issue from our new publisher Routledge's Taylor and Francis Group (T&F), who acquired Maney Publishing in 2015. So we move from one transition for the Pl...
Stones, Bones, and Profiles
Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers of the High Plains and Rockies
Microcores and microliths in Northwestern Plains and Rocky Mountain front lithic assemblages
Microcores and microliths have been identified in archaeological sites in Montana, Wyoming, and North Dakota. While clearly the product of patterned reduction yielding flakes with roughly parallel sides, the cores seldom produced regular flake removals, suggesting a high degree of variability in the resulting microliths. This irregular pattern of reduction contrasts with classic microblade cores from higher latitudes, where uniformity of microbla…
Editor's Corner
In a recent issue of American Anthropologist (AA), V. 117 No.1 pp. 1–3, the outgoing editor Michael Chibnik considers the changing niche of that flagship journal. I wonder if we ought not to consid...
Editor's Corner
In this issue of Plains Anthropologist we are confronted with the temporal breadth of Plains anthropology, from the First Americans of 13,000 years ago to its nineteenth century inhabitants. As wit...
Into The Americas
Paleoindian Occupation of the High Country
Middle Park is one of the high intermountain basins of the Rocky Mountains that has been occupied continually for over 11,000 years. Our studies of the Paleo indian occupations suggest that many of the well known Plains complexes, as well as some mountain complexes, are present in Middle Parle This paper concentrates on the sites and collections we have investigated most thoroughly, but reviews other sites as well. Analysis of chipped stone and b…
Bonebeds and other myths
Further Insights Into Paleoindian Use of the Powars Ii Red Ocher Quarry (48pl330), Wyoming
We report major new insights from recent research at the Powars II Paleoindian red ocher quarry (48PL330). We salvaged more than 7,000 artifacts from Powars II between 2014 and 2016 by screening redeposited sediment from the talus slope below the intact portion of the site. Clovis artifacts dominate the diagnostic artifact assemblage, including 53 Clovis points, 33 preforms, and artifacts associated with a previously unrecognized blade core indus…
Shallow site archaeology
Shallowly buried archaeological sites are particularly susceptible to surface and subsurface disturbance processes. Yet, because cultural deposition often operates on short time scales relative to geologic deposition, vertical artifact distributions can be used to clarify questions of site formation. In particular, patterns in artifact distributions that cannot be explained by occupation histories must be explained by natural processes that have …
Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers of the High Plains and Rockies
Stone Tool Caching on the North American Plains
A tool cache was recently recovered from the Middle Plains Archaic stratum of the McKean site in Wyoming. Analysis of this cache, including a microwear study of the utilized edges, yielded data about raw material procurement, manufacture, and the use of storage facilities on the NW High Plains of North America. These data are used to make inferences about the technological system from the perspective of implement storage behavior. The characteris…
Nunataks and valley glaciers
Years in the Rocky Mountains
Located in a spring-fed meadow at 2620 masl, Helen Lookingbill is a stratified, high-altitude open site in the Washakie Range of the Absaroka Mountains in NW Wyoming. The site contains cultural material ranging in age from Paleoindian through Late Prehistoric periods. Although the densest cultural deposits date to the Early Archaic (8000–5000 b.p., uncalibrated), other time periods are well represented. A 10,400 year old layer comprises the earli…
DNA from ancient stone tools and bones excavated at Bugas-Holding, Wyoming
Pre-Clovis in Texas? A critical assessment of the “Buttermilk Creek Complex”
Protein Analysis of Bugas-Holding Tools
The Big-Game Focus
The Rocky Foolsm Site
A recent survey at Keyhole Reservoir in northeast Wyoming resulted in investigations of over fifty archaeological locations. One of these produced an assemblage of Folsom artifacts. Although these artifacts have been redeposited, the assemblage described here is thought to be of Folsom age. The goal of this article is to describe this small assemblage ( n = 22) and use the perspective provided by the analysis of this site to review Folsom cultura…
The First Rocky Mountaineers
Paleoindian environmental change and landscape response in Barger Gulch, Middle Park, Colorado
Middle Park, a high‐altitude basin in the Southern Rocky Mountains of north‐central Colorado, contains at least 59 known Paleoindian localities. At Barger Gulch Locality B, an extensive Folsom assemblage ( ̃10,500 14 C yr B.P.) occurs within a buried soil. Radiocarbon ages of charcoal and soil organic matter, as well as stratigraphic positions of artifacts, indicate the soil is a composite of a truncated, latest‐Pleistocene soil and a younger mol…
Dna and Protein Recovery From Washed Experimental Stone Tools
Traces of protein and DNA are preserved on stone tools used to process animals. Previous research documents the identification of protein residues from tools sonicated in 5% ammonium hydroxide, but it remains untested whether the same treatment yields useable DNA. In this study we report both DNA and protein recovery using 5% ammonium hydroxide from residues on stone tools. We extracted 13‐year‐old residues from experimentally manufactured stone …
A rediscovered beveled osseous rod
Elongated osseous implements, often referred to as osseous or bone rods, are a defining characteristic of Early Paleoindian cultures of North America. A rod found in the Lindenmeier collection at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science, was radiocarbon dated and the results published several years ago, demonstrating its Mid Paleoindian association. The specimen highlighted the importance of museum collections for furthering our knowledge of rare it…
Microcores and microliths in Northwestern Plains and Rocky Mountain front lithic assemblages
Microcores and microliths have been identified in archaeological sites in Montana, Wyoming, and North Dakota. While clearly the product of patterned reduction yielding flakes with roughly parallel sides, the cores seldom produced regular flake removals, suggesting a high degree of variability in the resulting microliths. This irregular pattern of reduction contrasts with classic microblade cores from higher latitudes, where uniformity of microbla…
A Model of High Plains and Intermountain Stockraising Settlement Systems
A general model of stockraising settlement systems on the High Plains is presented. Major characteristics of cattle and sheep ranching as these activities have been practiced for the past century are discussed. The presentation of this model is necessary because a large body of archaeological information is currently being collected on the remains of stockraising activities which needs an interpretive framework. This model is designed to serve th…
The Nelson Site, a Cody Occupation in Northeastern Colorado
The Nelson site in northeastern Colorado represents a Cody age occupation of the High Plains. Because Paleoindian sites of any age are sparse in the archaeological record, each known occurrence adds significant information about prehistory. The Nelson site has received no formal field investigation; however, a small quantity of data has accumulated over nearly one half century of collecting. The cultural affiliation can be demonstrated with the r…
Rockshelter Archaeology and Geoarchaeology in the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming
This paper reports on 10 years of research at the Black Mountain Archaeological District, located in north central Wyoming’s Bighorn Mountain range. It focuses specifically on two rockshelters: 48BH1827 (Two Moon Shelter) and 48BH1065 (BA Cave). Two Moon Shelter bears stratified Paleoindian deposits that include a Folsom projectile point fragment, a 10,060 ± 60 B.P. radiocarbon date, and an undated Paleoindian component positioned stratigraphical…
Early Early-Man in North America and Whereto Look for Him
Down the Rabbit Hole
The Sheep Mountain juniper bark net, originally thought to be of Paleoindian age, was redated by Sundstrom and Walker (2021) to the Late Prehistoric period. Although the original investigators convincingly argued that the net was intended for use with mountain sheep or deer, Sundstrom and Walker suggest it was used to trap small game such as rabbits or sage grouse. Unfortunately, the authors ignore important information presented by the original …
Perishable artifacts from Last Canyon Cave, Montana
Perishable artifacts are rare finds in the Northwest Plains and the adjacent Rocky Mountains and any addition to the inventory makes a significant contribution. In the case of perishable objects from Last Canyon Cave in southern Montana, this is particularly true as one of the objects is unique to the region, a sandal. In this paper we describe the two items from Last Canyon, discuss their regional occurrence, and suggest the origin of the techno…
Early Early-Man in North America and Whereto Look for Him
A Model of High Plains and Intermountain Stockraising Settlement Systems
A general model of stockraising settlement systems on the High Plains is presented. Major characteristics of cattle and sheep ranching as these activities have been practiced for the past century are discussed. The presentation of this model is necessary because a large body of archaeological information is currently being collected on the remains of stockraising activities which needs an interpretive framework. This model is designed to serve th…
The Rocky Foolsm Site
A recent survey at Keyhole Reservoir in northeast Wyoming resulted in investigations of over fifty archaeological locations. One of these produced an assemblage of Folsom artifacts. Although these artifacts have been redeposited, the assemblage described here is thought to be of Folsom age. The goal of this article is to describe this small assemblage ( n = 22) and use the perspective provided by the analysis of this site to review Folsom cultura…
Stone Tool Caching on the North American Plains
A tool cache was recently recovered from the Middle Plains Archaic stratum of the McKean site in Wyoming. Analysis of this cache, including a microwear study of the utilized edges, yielded data about raw material procurement, manufacture, and the use of storage facilities on the NW High Plains of North America. These data are used to make inferences about the technological system from the perspective of implement storage behavior. The characteris…
Approaches to Gender Studies In Plains Anthropology
In the fall or 1987 symJosium was held at the 45th Annual Plains Conference in Columbia, Missoun on gender zssums m Plans anthropology. The goal of the symposium was to provide a forum for research interested in questions of gender in Great Plains societies.Alhough only a limited set of research directions are includeted following papers serve to further the recognition of gender topics in Plains anthropology. More significantly, three of the pap…
The 1995 Plains Anthropological Society Distinguished Service Award
The Big-Game Focus
Protein Analysis of Bugas-Holding Tools
Paleoindian bison procurement and paleoenvironments in Middle Park of Colorado
The Upper Twin Mountain Site, located within a geologic slump scar at 2548 m altitude, provides significant information on Paleoindian bison procurement. As the highest known Paleoindian bison bone bed, the site contained the partial skeletal remains of at least 15 adult Late Pleistocene bison (B. antiquus), Goshen projectile points, and debitage. Radiocarbon dates of 10,240±70 and 10,470±50 yr B.P. place Upper Twin Mountain midway between the no…
Paleoindian Occupation of the High Country
Middle Park is one of the high intermountain basins of the Rocky Mountains that has been occupied continually for over 11,000 years. Our studies of the Paleo indian occupations suggest that many of the well known Plains complexes, as well as some mountain complexes, are present in Middle Parle This paper concentrates on the sites and collections we have investigated most thoroughly, but reviews other sites as well. Analysis of chipped stone and b…
Years in the Rocky Mountains
Located in a spring-fed meadow at 2620 masl, Helen Lookingbill is a stratified, high-altitude open site in the Washakie Range of the Absaroka Mountains in NW Wyoming. The site contains cultural material ranging in age from Paleoindian through Late Prehistoric periods. Although the densest cultural deposits date to the Early Archaic (8000–5000 b.p., uncalibrated), other time periods are well represented. A 10,400 year old layer comprises the earli…
New geochronological and archaeological data for the Sheaman Clovis site, eastern Wyoming, U.S.A
Excavation of the Sheaman Clovis site in eastern Wyoming by University of Wyoming in the late 1970s produced one radiocarbon age of uncertain relationship to the Clovis level and one age on bone of poor reliability. New excavations in 2000 recovered additional material for radiocarbon dating as well as a Clovis elongated flake multiple use tool at the base of a black, cumulic A horizon. This paper presents evidence of an age of ca. 11,200 ± 50 yr…
DNA from ancient stone tools and bones excavated at Bugas-Holding, Wyoming
Dna and Protein Recovery From Washed Experimental Stone Tools
Traces of protein and DNA are preserved on stone tools used to process animals. Previous research documents the identification of protein residues from tools sonicated in 5% ammonium hydroxide, but it remains untested whether the same treatment yields useable DNA. In this study we report both DNA and protein recovery using 5% ammonium hydroxide from residues on stone tools. We extracted 13‐year‐old residues from experimentally manufactured stone …
Paleoindian environmental change and landscape response in Barger Gulch, Middle Park, Colorado
Middle Park, a high‐altitude basin in the Southern Rocky Mountains of north‐central Colorado, contains at least 59 known Paleoindian localities. At Barger Gulch Locality B, an extensive Folsom assemblage ( ̃10,500 14 C yr B.P.) occurs within a buried soil. Radiocarbon ages of charcoal and soil organic matter, as well as stratigraphic positions of artifacts, indicate the soil is a composite of a truncated, latest‐Pleistocene soil and a younger mol…
Shallow site archaeology
Shallowly buried archaeological sites are particularly susceptible to surface and subsurface disturbance processes. Yet, because cultural deposition often operates on short time scales relative to geologic deposition, vertical artifact distributions can be used to clarify questions of site formation. In particular, patterns in artifact distributions that cannot be explained by occupation histories must be explained by natural processes that have …
Rockshelter Archaeology and Geoarchaeology in the Bighorn Mountains, Wyoming
This paper reports on 10 years of research at the Black Mountain Archaeological District, located in north central Wyoming’s Bighorn Mountain range. It focuses specifically on two rockshelters: 48BH1827 (Two Moon Shelter) and 48BH1065 (BA Cave). Two Moon Shelter bears stratified Paleoindian deposits that include a Folsom projectile point fragment, a 10,060 ± 60 B.P. radiocarbon date, and an undated Paleoindian component positioned stratigraphical…
"Comment on "Redefining the Age of Clovis
Waters and Stafford (Reports, 23 February 2007, p. 1122) provided useful information about the age of some Clovis sites but have not definitively established the temporal span of this cultural complex in the Americas. Only a continuing program of radiometric dating and careful stratigraphic correlations can address the lingering ambiguity about the emergence and spread of Clovis culture.
Bonebeds and other myths
The Nelson Site, a Cody Occupation in Northeastern Colorado
The Nelson site in northeastern Colorado represents a Cody age occupation of the High Plains. Because Paleoindian sites of any age are sparse in the archaeological record, each known occurrence adds significant information about prehistory. The Nelson site has received no formal field investigation; however, a small quantity of data has accumulated over nearly one half century of collecting. The cultural affiliation can be demonstrated with the r…
Rhoda Owen Lewis 1943–2007
The geoarchaeological and paleoenvironmental context of Paleoindian sites in western Middle Park, Colorado, USA
Geoarchaeological investigations in western Middle Park provide important information for understanding the soil‐stratigraphic context of Paleoindian components, as well as the latest Quaternary environmental change and landscape evolution in a Southern Rocky Mountain intermontane basin. Paleoindian components are associated with the oldest two of four latest Quaternary stratigraphic units (1–4) recognized in co‐alluvial mantles (combined slopewa…
Pre-Clovis in Texas? A critical assessment of the “Buttermilk Creek Complex”
The First Rocky Mountaineers
Editor’s Corner
Archaeology (43 obras) · Geography (40 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (26 obras) · Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology (26 obras) · History (21 obras) · Geology (19 obras) · Geology (14 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (11 obras) · Paleontology (10 obras) · Radiocarbon dating (10 obras)