James A Mercy
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 2462828 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | James A Mercy |
| NOMBRES | James A |
| APELLIDO | Mercy |
| FIRMA | MERCY J A |
| AFILIACIONES | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1433-2981 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 27 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 162 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 27 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1980 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 7 |
Prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences Among U.S. Adults — Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2011–2020
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are defined as preventable, potentially traumatic events that occur among persons aged <18 years and are associated with numerous negative outcomes; data from 25 states indicate that ACEs are common among U.S. adults (1). Disparities in ACEs are often attributable to social and economic environments in which some families live (2,3). Understanding the prevalence of ACEs, stratified by sociodemographic characte…
Vital Signs
INTRODUCTION: Adverse childhood experiences, such as violence victimization, substance misuse in the household, or witnessing intimate partner violence, have been linked to leading causes of adult morbidity and mortality. Therefore, reducing adverse childhood experiences is critical to avoiding multiple negative health and socioeconomic outcomes in adulthood. METHODS: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data were collected from 25 states t…
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Youth Violence Prevention Centers
When you think about violence in the United States in recent years, it is clear that we have been transfixed by a seemingly unending series of tragedies associated with mass shootings. While those events deserve our utmost attention, what has been largely ignored is the fact that we lose an average of 12 youth 10–24 years of age to homicide each day in this country [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2014]. In effect, every day in …
Sexual Violence Against Female and Male Children in the United Republic of Tanzania
During a household survey in Tanzania, a nationally representative sample of females and males aged 13-24 years reported any experiences of sexual violence that occurred before the age of 18 years. The authors explore the prevalence, circumstances, and health outcomes associated with childhood sexual violence. The results suggest that violence against children in Tanzania is pervasive, with roughly three in 10 females and one in eight males exper…
The economic burden of child maltreatment in the United States and implications for prevention
OBJECTIVES: To present new estimates of the average lifetime costs per child maltreatment victim and aggregate lifetime costs for all new child maltreatment cases incurred in 2008 using an incidence-based approach. METHODS: This study used the best available secondary data to develop cost per case estimates. For each cost category, the paper used attributable costs whenever possible. For those categories that attributable cost data were not avail…
Family context, victimization, and child trauma symptoms
Based on a nationally representative sample of 2,017 children age 2-9 years, this study examines variations in "safe, stable, and nurturing" relationships (SSNRs), including several forms of family perpetrated victimization, and documents associations between these factors and child trauma symptoms. Findings show that many children were exposed to multiple forms of victimization within the family (such as physical or sexual abuse, emotional maltr…
Benefits of Preventing a Death Associated With Child Maltreatment
Although assessing the costs of an intervention to prevent child maltreatment is straightforward, placing a monetary value on benefits is challenging. Respondents participating in a statewide random-digit-dialed survey were asked how much they would be willing to pay to prevent a death caused by child maltreatment. Our results suggested that society may value preventing a death from child maltreatment at $15 million. If a child maltreatment inter…
History of Violence as a Public Health Problem
Violence is now clearly recognized as a public health problem, but just 30 years ago the words "violence" and "health" were rarely used in the same sentence. Several important trends contributed to a growing recognition and acceptance that violence could be addressed from a public health perspective. First, as the United States became more successful in preventing and treating many infectious diseases, homicide and suicide rose in the rankings of…
Violence-related injury in emergency departments in Brazil
These results can improve understanding of the scope and characteristics of VRIs in Brazil (and thus contribute to national injury prevention efforts), and help identify areas for future research
Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adults Who Experienced Maltreatment During Childhood
Objectives. We sought to assess the difference in a preference-based measure of health among adults reporting maltreatment as a child versus those reporting no maltreatment. Methods. Using data from a study of adults who reported adverse childhood experiences and current health status, we matched adults who reported childhood maltreatment (n = 2812) to those who reported no childhood maltreatment (n = 3356). Propensity score methods were used to …
Racial Differences in Hopelessness as a Risk Factor for a Nearly Lethal Suicide Attempt
Hopelessness is associated with suicide. Hopelessness has been associated with life experiences, social-environmental, and biological factors. Racial differences exist in these factors and in coping behaviors. Better understanding racial differences in hopelessness and suicide may result in more effective interventions to slow the increasing Black American suicide rate. Data from a case-control study of nearly lethal suicide attempters were analy…
Violence and Health
Violence is a public health problem that can be understood and changed. Research over the past 2 decades has demonstrated that violence can be prevented and that, in some cases, prevention programs are more cost-effective than other policy options such as incarceration. The United States has much to contribute to—and stands to gain much from—global efforts to prevent violence. A new World Health Organization initiative presents an opportunity for…
The world report on violence and health
National Trends in Intimate Partner Homicide
The authors investigated U.S. trends in intimate partner homicide stratified by relationship type and race during the period 1976 to 1995. Data sources were the Supplemental Homicide Reports and the United States Current Population Survey. Rates of homicide victimization decreased during the past 20 years among all intimate partners except for White, unmarried females. The authors explore possible explanations for these trends. Results replicate …
Public Health Policy for Preventing Violence
Prologue: In October 1985 Surgeon General C. Everett Koop convened his Workshop on Violence and Public Health, which signaled public health's entry into the field of violence prevention. Koop called on public health professionals to “repond constructively to the ugly facts of interpersonal violence.” During the past decade the involvement of the Department of Health and Human Services in violence prevention research and programs has expanded, cul…
Men, Women, and Murder
To study the potential differences that distinguish homicides involving women as victims or offenders from those involving men, we analyzed Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports data on homicides that occurred in the United States between 1976 and 1987. Only cases that involved victims aged 15 years or older were included. Persons killed during law enforcement activity and cases in which the victim's gender was not recorded were e…
Identification of nonfatal family and intimate assault incidents in police data
We examined different strategies for identifying nonfatal family and intimate assaults (FIAs) in police data. Police most often classify such incidents in the "assault" category, but they also use other crime categories. We estimated that, during 1984, 3300 FIAs (or 837 per 100,000 population) occurred in Atlanta. Of those, 77% were classified as assaults; 23% were classified in nonassault categories. Research measuring the magnitude of FIAs shou…
Preventing homicide
BACKGROUND: In November 1986, a Detroit, Michigan city ordinance requiring mandatory jail sentences for illegally carrying a firearm in public was passed to preserve "the public peace, health, safety, and welfare of the people." METHODS: We conducted a set of interrupted time-series analyses to evaluate the impact of the law on the incidence of homicides, hypothesizing that the ordinance, by its nature, would affect only firearm homicides and hom…
Suicide clusters
The age specificity of time-space clusters of suicide was examined using National Center for Health Statistics data for 1978-84. Significant clustering of suicide occurred primarily among teenagers and young adults, with minimal effect beyond 24 years of age. Clustering was two to four times more common among adolescents and young adults than among other age groups
Fatal violence among spouses in the United States, 1976-85
In this paper we examine patterns and trends in homicides between marriage partners in the United States for 1976 through 1985 using data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Supplemental Homicide Reports (FBI-SHR). We identified 16,595 spouse homicides accounting for 8.8 per cent of all homicides reported to the FBI-SHR during this 10-year period. The rate of spouse homicide for this 10-year period was 1.6 per 100,000 married persons. The …
Marital status and the risk of suicide
No recent United States study has previously calculated national suicide rates by marital status for specific age, race, and sex categories in order to better identify high-risk groups for suicide. We used national vital statistics and census data to calculate marital-status-specific rates. Results show that for each marital status group, by age and sex, married persons have the lowest suicide rates and young widowed males have exceptionally high…
Alcohol use and interpersonal violence
To characterize the relationship between alcohol use and homicide victimization, we used data from the Los Angeles City Police Department and the Los Angeles Medical Examiner's Office to study 4,950 victims of criminal homicides in Los Angeles in the period 1970-79. Alcohol was detected in the blood of 1,883 (46 per cent) of the 4,092 victims who were tested. In 30 per cent of those tested, the blood alcohol level was greater than or equal to 100…
Sex Differences in the Impact of the Number of Older and Younger Siblings on IQ Performance
The authors present evidence that reassesses a recent hypothesis put forth by Paulhus and Shaffer (1981), that females are less likely than males to show decrements in intellectual growth normally associated with larger number of siblings. Using data from a large, nationally representative sample of children, our results contradict this hypothesis. Our data reveal that females are slightly less likely than males to show declines in verbal IQ perf…
Familial Influence on the Intellectual Attainment of Children
Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association. Taylor, D. Garth, Paul B. Sheatsley, and Andrew M. Greeley 1978 Attitudes toward racial integration. Scientific American 238:42-49. U.S. Bureau of the Census 1980 Statistical Abstract of the United Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Vanneman, Reeve D. and Thomas F. Pettigrew 1972 and relative deprivation in the urban United States. Race 13:461-86. Wilson, …
Suicide and homicide among Hispanics in the southwest.
A study of suicide and homicide among Hispanics of Mexican origin (Mexican Americans) focused on five southwestern States--Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas--where more than 60 percent of all Hispanics in the United States reside. And 85 percent of them are Mexican Americans. Data were obtained on all suicides and homicides among Hispanics and Anglos (white non-Hispanics), using Anglos as a comparison group. Results for suicide…
Familial Influence on the Intellectual Attainment of Children
Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association. Taylor, D. Garth, Paul B. Sheatsley, and Andrew M. Greeley 1978 Attitudes toward racial integration. Scientific American 238:42-49. U.S. Bureau of the Census 1980 Statistical Abstract of the United Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Vanneman, Reeve D. and Thomas F. Pettigrew 1972 and relative deprivation in the urban United States. Race 13:461-86. Wilson, …
Unconfounding the Confluence Model
This paper explores the theoretical validity of the confluence model in explaining the effects of sibship size and birth order on intelligence. Using a nationally representative sample the effects of age, sex, marital disruption, socioeconomic status, race, and other potentially confounding variables, unincorporated in other studies, are controlled. The results suggest that (a) the inverse relation between sibship size and IQ lessens for the econ…
Fatal violence among spouses in the United States, 1976-85
In this paper we examine patterns and trends in homicides between marriage partners in the United States for 1976 through 1985 using data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Supplemental Homicide Reports (FBI-SHR). We identified 16,595 spouse homicides accounting for 8.8 per cent of all homicides reported to the FBI-SHR during this 10-year period. The rate of spouse homicide for this 10-year period was 1.6 per 100,000 married persons. The …
Marital status and the risk of suicide
No recent United States study has previously calculated national suicide rates by marital status for specific age, race, and sex categories in order to better identify high-risk groups for suicide. We used national vital statistics and census data to calculate marital-status-specific rates. Results show that for each marital status group, by age and sex, married persons have the lowest suicide rates and young widowed males have exceptionally high…
Suicide clusters
The age specificity of time-space clusters of suicide was examined using National Center for Health Statistics data for 1978-84. Significant clustering of suicide occurred primarily among teenagers and young adults, with minimal effect beyond 24 years of age. Clustering was two to four times more common among adolescents and young adults than among other age groups
Alcohol use and interpersonal violence
To characterize the relationship between alcohol use and homicide victimization, we used data from the Los Angeles City Police Department and the Los Angeles Medical Examiner's Office to study 4,950 victims of criminal homicides in Los Angeles in the period 1970-79. Alcohol was detected in the blood of 1,883 (46 per cent) of the 4,092 victims who were tested. In 30 per cent of those tested, the blood alcohol level was greater than or equal to 100…
Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adults Who Experienced Maltreatment During Childhood
Objectives. We sought to assess the difference in a preference-based measure of health among adults reporting maltreatment as a child versus those reporting no maltreatment. Methods. Using data from a study of adults who reported adverse childhood experiences and current health status, we matched adults who reported childhood maltreatment (n = 2812) to those who reported no childhood maltreatment (n = 3356). Propensity score methods were used to …
National Trends in Intimate Partner Homicide
The authors investigated U.S. trends in intimate partner homicide stratified by relationship type and race during the period 1976 to 1995. Data sources were the Supplemental Homicide Reports and the United States Current Population Survey. Rates of homicide victimization decreased during the past 20 years among all intimate partners except for White, unmarried females. The authors explore possible explanations for these trends. Results replicate …
Violence and Health
Violence is a public health problem that can be understood and changed. Research over the past 2 decades has demonstrated that violence can be prevented and that, in some cases, prevention programs are more cost-effective than other policy options such as incarceration. The United States has much to contribute to—and stands to gain much from—global efforts to prevent violence. A new World Health Organization initiative presents an opportunity for…
Racial Differences in Hopelessness as a Risk Factor for a Nearly Lethal Suicide Attempt
Hopelessness is associated with suicide. Hopelessness has been associated with life experiences, social-environmental, and biological factors. Racial differences exist in these factors and in coping behaviors. Better understanding racial differences in hopelessness and suicide may result in more effective interventions to slow the increasing Black American suicide rate. Data from a case-control study of nearly lethal suicide attempters were analy…
Preventing homicide
BACKGROUND: In November 1986, a Detroit, Michigan city ordinance requiring mandatory jail sentences for illegally carrying a firearm in public was passed to preserve "the public peace, health, safety, and welfare of the people." METHODS: We conducted a set of interrupted time-series analyses to evaluate the impact of the law on the incidence of homicides, hypothesizing that the ordinance, by its nature, would affect only firearm homicides and hom…
Family Structure and IQ
Sexual Violence Against Female and Male Children in the United Republic of Tanzania
During a household survey in Tanzania, a nationally representative sample of females and males aged 13-24 years reported any experiences of sexual violence that occurred before the age of 18 years. The authors explore the prevalence, circumstances, and health outcomes associated with childhood sexual violence. The results suggest that violence against children in Tanzania is pervasive, with roughly three in 10 females and one in eight males exper…
Benefits of Preventing a Death Associated With Child Maltreatment
Although assessing the costs of an intervention to prevent child maltreatment is straightforward, placing a monetary value on benefits is challenging. Respondents participating in a statewide random-digit-dialed survey were asked how much they would be willing to pay to prevent a death caused by child maltreatment. Our results suggested that society may value preventing a death from child maltreatment at $15 million. If a child maltreatment inter…
Identification of nonfatal family and intimate assault incidents in police data
We examined different strategies for identifying nonfatal family and intimate assaults (FIAs) in police data. Police most often classify such incidents in the "assault" category, but they also use other crime categories. We estimated that, during 1984, 3300 FIAs (or 837 per 100,000 population) occurred in Atlanta. Of those, 77% were classified as assaults; 23% were classified in nonassault categories. Research measuring the magnitude of FIAs shou…
Unconfounding the Confluence Model
This paper explores the theoretical validity of the confluence model in explaining the effects of sibship size and birth order on intelligence. Using a nationally representative sample the effects of age, sex, marital disruption, socioeconomic status, race, and other potentially confounding variables, unincorporated in other studies, are controlled. The results suggest that (a) the inverse relation between sibship size and IQ lessens for the econ…
Family Structure and IQ
Familial Influence on the Intellectual Attainment of Children
Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association. Taylor, D. Garth, Paul B. Sheatsley, and Andrew M. Greeley 1978 Attitudes toward racial integration. Scientific American 238:42-49. U.S. Bureau of the Census 1980 Statistical Abstract of the United Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. Vanneman, Reeve D. and Thomas F. Pettigrew 1972 and relative deprivation in the urban United States. Race 13:461-86. Wilson, …
Sex Differences in the Impact of the Number of Older and Younger Siblings on IQ Performance
The authors present evidence that reassesses a recent hypothesis put forth by Paulhus and Shaffer (1981), that females are less likely than males to show decrements in intellectual growth normally associated with larger number of siblings. Using data from a large, nationally representative sample of children, our results contradict this hypothesis. Our data reveal that females are slightly less likely than males to show declines in verbal IQ perf…
Alcohol use and interpersonal violence
To characterize the relationship between alcohol use and homicide victimization, we used data from the Los Angeles City Police Department and the Los Angeles Medical Examiner's Office to study 4,950 victims of criminal homicides in Los Angeles in the period 1970-79. Alcohol was detected in the blood of 1,883 (46 per cent) of the 4,092 victims who were tested. In 30 per cent of those tested, the blood alcohol level was greater than or equal to 100…
Marital status and the risk of suicide
No recent United States study has previously calculated national suicide rates by marital status for specific age, race, and sex categories in order to better identify high-risk groups for suicide. We used national vital statistics and census data to calculate marital-status-specific rates. Results show that for each marital status group, by age and sex, married persons have the lowest suicide rates and young widowed males have exceptionally high…
Fatal violence among spouses in the United States, 1976-85
In this paper we examine patterns and trends in homicides between marriage partners in the United States for 1976 through 1985 using data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation's Supplemental Homicide Reports (FBI-SHR). We identified 16,595 spouse homicides accounting for 8.8 per cent of all homicides reported to the FBI-SHR during this 10-year period. The rate of spouse homicide for this 10-year period was 1.6 per 100,000 married persons. The …
Suicide clusters
The age specificity of time-space clusters of suicide was examined using National Center for Health Statistics data for 1978-84. Significant clustering of suicide occurred primarily among teenagers and young adults, with minimal effect beyond 24 years of age. Clustering was two to four times more common among adolescents and young adults than among other age groups
Preventing homicide
BACKGROUND: In November 1986, a Detroit, Michigan city ordinance requiring mandatory jail sentences for illegally carrying a firearm in public was passed to preserve "the public peace, health, safety, and welfare of the people." METHODS: We conducted a set of interrupted time-series analyses to evaluate the impact of the law on the incidence of homicides, hypothesizing that the ordinance, by its nature, would affect only firearm homicides and hom…
Men, Women, and Murder
To study the potential differences that distinguish homicides involving women as victims or offenders from those involving men, we analyzed Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports data on homicides that occurred in the United States between 1976 and 1987. Only cases that involved victims aged 15 years or older were included. Persons killed during law enforcement activity and cases in which the victim's gender was not recorded were e…
Identification of nonfatal family and intimate assault incidents in police data
We examined different strategies for identifying nonfatal family and intimate assaults (FIAs) in police data. Police most often classify such incidents in the "assault" category, but they also use other crime categories. We estimated that, during 1984, 3300 FIAs (or 837 per 100,000 population) occurred in Atlanta. Of those, 77% were classified as assaults; 23% were classified in nonassault categories. Research measuring the magnitude of FIAs shou…
Public Health Policy for Preventing Violence
Prologue: In October 1985 Surgeon General C. Everett Koop convened his Workshop on Violence and Public Health, which signaled public health's entry into the field of violence prevention. Koop called on public health professionals to “repond constructively to the ugly facts of interpersonal violence.” During the past decade the involvement of the Department of Health and Human Services in violence prevention research and programs has expanded, cul…
National Trends in Intimate Partner Homicide
The authors investigated U.S. trends in intimate partner homicide stratified by relationship type and race during the period 1976 to 1995. Data sources were the Supplemental Homicide Reports and the United States Current Population Survey. Rates of homicide victimization decreased during the past 20 years among all intimate partners except for White, unmarried females. The authors explore possible explanations for these trends. Results replicate …
The world report on violence and health
Violence and Health
Violence is a public health problem that can be understood and changed. Research over the past 2 decades has demonstrated that violence can be prevented and that, in some cases, prevention programs are more cost-effective than other policy options such as incarceration. The United States has much to contribute to—and stands to gain much from—global efforts to prevent violence. A new World Health Organization initiative presents an opportunity for…
Racial Differences in Hopelessness as a Risk Factor for a Nearly Lethal Suicide Attempt
Hopelessness is associated with suicide. Hopelessness has been associated with life experiences, social-environmental, and biological factors. Racial differences exist in these factors and in coping behaviors. Better understanding racial differences in hopelessness and suicide may result in more effective interventions to slow the increasing Black American suicide rate. Data from a case-control study of nearly lethal suicide attempters were analy…
Violence-related injury in emergency departments in Brazil
These results can improve understanding of the scope and characteristics of VRIs in Brazil (and thus contribute to national injury prevention efforts), and help identify areas for future research
Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adults Who Experienced Maltreatment During Childhood
Objectives. We sought to assess the difference in a preference-based measure of health among adults reporting maltreatment as a child versus those reporting no maltreatment. Methods. Using data from a study of adults who reported adverse childhood experiences and current health status, we matched adults who reported childhood maltreatment (n = 2812) to those who reported no childhood maltreatment (n = 3356). Propensity score methods were used to …
History of Violence as a Public Health Problem
Violence is now clearly recognized as a public health problem, but just 30 years ago the words "violence" and "health" were rarely used in the same sentence. Several important trends contributed to a growing recognition and acceptance that violence could be addressed from a public health perspective. First, as the United States became more successful in preventing and treating many infectious diseases, homicide and suicide rose in the rankings of…
Benefits of Preventing a Death Associated With Child Maltreatment
Although assessing the costs of an intervention to prevent child maltreatment is straightforward, placing a monetary value on benefits is challenging. Respondents participating in a statewide random-digit-dialed survey were asked how much they would be willing to pay to prevent a death caused by child maltreatment. Our results suggested that society may value preventing a death from child maltreatment at $15 million. If a child maltreatment inter…
The economic burden of child maltreatment in the United States and implications for prevention
OBJECTIVES: To present new estimates of the average lifetime costs per child maltreatment victim and aggregate lifetime costs for all new child maltreatment cases incurred in 2008 using an incidence-based approach. METHODS: This study used the best available secondary data to develop cost per case estimates. For each cost category, the paper used attributable costs whenever possible. For those categories that attributable cost data were not avail…
Family context, victimization, and child trauma symptoms
Based on a nationally representative sample of 2,017 children age 2-9 years, this study examines variations in "safe, stable, and nurturing" relationships (SSNRs), including several forms of family perpetrated victimization, and documents associations between these factors and child trauma symptoms. Findings show that many children were exposed to multiple forms of victimization within the family (such as physical or sexual abuse, emotional maltr…
The Center for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Youth Violence Prevention Centers
When you think about violence in the United States in recent years, it is clear that we have been transfixed by a seemingly unending series of tragedies associated with mass shootings. While those events deserve our utmost attention, what has been largely ignored is the fact that we lose an average of 12 youth 10–24 years of age to homicide each day in this country [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 2014]. In effect, every day in …
Sexual Violence Against Female and Male Children in the United Republic of Tanzania
During a household survey in Tanzania, a nationally representative sample of females and males aged 13-24 years reported any experiences of sexual violence that occurred before the age of 18 years. The authors explore the prevalence, circumstances, and health outcomes associated with childhood sexual violence. The results suggest that violence against children in Tanzania is pervasive, with roughly three in 10 females and one in eight males exper…
Vital Signs
INTRODUCTION: Adverse childhood experiences, such as violence victimization, substance misuse in the household, or witnessing intimate partner violence, have been linked to leading causes of adult morbidity and mortality. Therefore, reducing adverse childhood experiences is critical to avoiding multiple negative health and socioeconomic outcomes in adulthood. METHODS: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data were collected from 25 states t…
Medicine (23 obras) · Poison control (20 obras) · Psychology (20 obras) · Injury prevention (19 obras) · Suicide prevention (19 obras) · Environmental health (16 obras) · Occupational safety and health (16 obras) · Demography (14 obras) · Medical emergency (13 obras) · Human Factors and Ergonomics (12 obras)