Klaus Prettner
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 255359 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Klaus Prettner |
| NOMBRES | Klaus |
| APELLIDO | Prettner |
| FIRMA | PRETTNER K |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Hohenheim |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8971-8750 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 21 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 54 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 21 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2012 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
The skill premium across countries in the era of industrial robots and artificial intelligence
How do new technologies affect economic growth and the skill premium? To answer this question, we analyze the impacts of industrial robots and artificial intelligence (AI) across 52 countries using counterfactual simulations. In so doing, we simulate the nested CES production function framework of Bloom et al. (2025) with low-skilled workers, high-skilled workers, traditional capital, robots, and AI. Our contribution lies in documenting substanti…
Measuring “High-Quality Development” and Progress Toward “Common Prosperity” in China
In 2017, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China introduced the concept of “high-quality development” to shift China’s focus from high-speed growth to a more inclusive concept. In August 2021, the Chinese leadership emphasized “common prosperity” as an essential goal for modernization. However, measuring “common prosperity” in the context of “high-quality development” is challenging and requires reliable and practical indicator…
Electricity Use of Automation or How to Tax Robots
While automation technologies replace workers in ever more tasks, robots, 3D‐printers, and AI require substantial amounts of electricity. How are automation technologies affected by the price of electricity, and how do robot taxes and electricity taxes affect their adoption? To answer these questions, we generalize a standard economic growth model to incorporate automation and electricity use. In addition, we augment the model with electricity ta…
Health and economic growth
The scientific revolution and its implications for long-run economic development
We analyze the role of the Scientific Revolution in the takeoff to sustained long-run economic development. Basic scientific knowledge is a necessary input in the production of applied knowledge, which, in turn, fuels productivity growth and leads to rising incomes. Subsequently, rising incomes instigate a fertility transition and foster education investments. Together, the increasing stocks of basic scientific knowledge and human capital, and th…
Rising Longevity, Increasing the Retirement Age, and the Consequences for Knowledge‐based Long‐run Growth
We assess the long‐run growth effects of rising longevity and increasing the retirement age when growth is driven by purposeful research and development. In contrast to economies in which growth depends on learning‐by‐doing spillovers, raising the retirement age fosters economic growth. How economic growth changes in response to rising life expectancy depends on the retirement response. Employing numerical analysis, we find that the requirement f…
Beyond GDP
We measure well-being across 193 countries from 1990 to 2019 using a new indicator: healthy lifetime income (HLI). Apart from the income component as captured by standard per capita gross domestic product, HLI incorporates health as a second important component. Overall, HLI can be interpreted as the income of the average person in an economy during the years in which the person is in good health. We show that HLI has particular strengths as comp…
Macro-level efficiency of health expenditure
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlights the importance of strong and resilient health systems. Yet how much a society should spend on healthcare is difficult to determine because additional health expenditures imply lower expenditures on other types of consumption. Furthermore, the welfare-maximizing ("efficient") aggregate amount and composition of health expenditures depend on efficiency concepts at three levels that often g…
Spurring Economic Growth through Human Development
Education, general health, and reproductive health are key indicators of human development. Investments in these domains can also promote economic growth. This paper argues for human development-related investments based on (1) a theoretical economic growth model with poverty traps, (2) a literature review of evidence that different human development-related investments can promote growth, and (3) own empirical analyses of 1980-2015 data that aim…
L’évolution démographique et l’automatisation, deux enjeux mondiaux pour l’avenir du travail
Les auteurs s'interrogent sur le nombre des emplois qu'il conviendra de créer demain pour répondre aux besoins engendrés par l'évolution démographique, économique et technologique. Ils font le calcul pour la période 2020‐2030, en se fondant sur des projections de croissance démographique et de taux d'activité et en fixant des taux de chômage cibles. Les résultats sont ventilés par âge et par sexe. Les auteurs tiennent compte également de l'influe…
Endogenous education and the reversal in the relationship between fertility and economic growth
Can taxes raise output and reduce inequality? The case of lobbying
One of the key institutional elements for reducing inequality is the tax and transfer system. However, economists and policymakers usually view high taxes as detrimental to economic growth. We isolate one important mechanism by which higher taxes reduce inequality and raise per capita gross domestic product (GDP) at the same time. This mechanism operates in the presence of unproductive lobbying. Higher taxes induce a reallocation from lobbying to…
The contribution of female health to economic development
We analyse the economic consequences for poor countries of investing in female health within a unified growth model featuring health-related gender differences in productivity. Better female health accelerates the demographic transition and thereby the take-off towards sustained economic growth. By contrast, male health improvements delay the transition and take-off because they tend to raise fertility. However, households tend to prefer male hea…
Global employment and decent jobs, 2010–2030
Globally, an estimated 734 million jobs will be required between 2010 and 2030 to accommodate recent and ongoing demographic shifts, account for plausible changes in labour force participation rates, and achieve target unemployment rates of at or below 4 per cent for adults and at or below 8 per cent for youth. The facts that most new jobs will be required in countries where “decent” jobs are less prevalent and workers in many occupations are inc…
Longevity-induced vertical innovation and the tradeoff between life and growth
Does size matter? Implications of household size for economic growth and convergence
We assess the effects of changes in household size on the long‐run evolution of living standards and on cross‐country convergence. When the observed changes in average household size across countries are taken into consideration, growth in living standards is slower throughout the 20th century as compared to a measure based on per capita GDP. Furthermore, the speed of divergence between different countries before 1950 is faster and the speed of c…
Population age structure and consumption growth
Demographic Change and R&D‐based Economic Growth
In the second half of the 20th century, most industrialized countries experienced declining fertility, rising life expectancy and a slowdown of population growth. Standard models of R&D‐based growth predict that a decline in population growth reduces economic growth. We argue that this implication hinges on the assumption of infinitely lived individuals. The semi‐endogenous growth model with overlapping generations that we propose implies a negat…
Coping with inefficiencies in a New Economic Geography model
Agglomeration and demographic change
Population aging and endogenous economic growth
We investigate the consequences of population aging for long-run economic growth perspectives. Our framework incorporates endogenous growth models and semi-endogenous growth models as special cases. We show that (1) increases in longevity have a positive impact on per capita output growth, (2) decreases in fertility have a negative impact on per capita output growth, (3) the positive longevity effect dominates the negative fertility effect in cas…
Population aging and endogenous economic growth
We investigate the consequences of population aging for long-run economic growth perspectives. Our framework incorporates endogenous growth models and semi-endogenous growth models as special cases. We show that (1) increases in longevity have a positive impact on per capita output growth, (2) decreases in fertility have a negative impact on per capita output growth, (3) the positive longevity effect dominates the negative fertility effect in cas…
The contribution of female health to economic development
We analyse the economic consequences for poor countries of investing in female health within a unified growth model featuring health-related gender differences in productivity. Better female health accelerates the demographic transition and thereby the take-off towards sustained economic growth. By contrast, male health improvements delay the transition and take-off because they tend to raise fertility. However, households tend to prefer male hea…
Longevity-induced vertical innovation and the tradeoff between life and growth
Agglomeration and demographic change
Endogenous education and the reversal in the relationship between fertility and economic growth
Health and economic growth
Beyond GDP
We measure well-being across 193 countries from 1990 to 2019 using a new indicator: healthy lifetime income (HLI). Apart from the income component as captured by standard per capita gross domestic product, HLI incorporates health as a second important component. Overall, HLI can be interpreted as the income of the average person in an economy during the years in which the person is in good health. We show that HLI has particular strengths as comp…
Macro-level efficiency of health expenditure
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlights the importance of strong and resilient health systems. Yet how much a society should spend on healthcare is difficult to determine because additional health expenditures imply lower expenditures on other types of consumption. Furthermore, the welfare-maximizing ("efficient") aggregate amount and composition of health expenditures depend on efficiency concepts at three levels that often g…
Population age structure and consumption growth
Demographic Change and R&D‐based Economic Growth
In the second half of the 20th century, most industrialized countries experienced declining fertility, rising life expectancy and a slowdown of population growth. Standard models of R&D‐based growth predict that a decline in population growth reduces economic growth. We argue that this implication hinges on the assumption of infinitely lived individuals. The semi‐endogenous growth model with overlapping generations that we propose implies a negat…
Rising Longevity, Increasing the Retirement Age, and the Consequences for Knowledge‐based Long‐run Growth
We assess the long‐run growth effects of rising longevity and increasing the retirement age when growth is driven by purposeful research and development. In contrast to economies in which growth depends on learning‐by‐doing spillovers, raising the retirement age fosters economic growth. How economic growth changes in response to rising life expectancy depends on the retirement response. Employing numerical analysis, we find that the requirement f…
Can taxes raise output and reduce inequality? The case of lobbying
One of the key institutional elements for reducing inequality is the tax and transfer system. However, economists and policymakers usually view high taxes as detrimental to economic growth. We isolate one important mechanism by which higher taxes reduce inequality and raise per capita gross domestic product (GDP) at the same time. This mechanism operates in the presence of unproductive lobbying. Higher taxes induce a reallocation from lobbying to…
Population aging and endogenous economic growth
We investigate the consequences of population aging for long-run economic growth perspectives. Our framework incorporates endogenous growth models and semi-endogenous growth models as special cases. We show that (1) increases in longevity have a positive impact on per capita output growth, (2) decreases in fertility have a negative impact on per capita output growth, (3) the positive longevity effect dominates the negative fertility effect in cas…
Agglomeration and demographic change
Coping with inefficiencies in a New Economic Geography model
Population age structure and consumption growth
Demographic Change and R&D‐based Economic Growth
In the second half of the 20th century, most industrialized countries experienced declining fertility, rising life expectancy and a slowdown of population growth. Standard models of R&D‐based growth predict that a decline in population growth reduces economic growth. We argue that this implication hinges on the assumption of infinitely lived individuals. The semi‐endogenous growth model with overlapping generations that we propose implies a negat…
Longevity-induced vertical innovation and the tradeoff between life and growth
Does size matter? Implications of household size for economic growth and convergence
We assess the effects of changes in household size on the long‐run evolution of living standards and on cross‐country convergence. When the observed changes in average household size across countries are taken into consideration, growth in living standards is slower throughout the 20th century as compared to a measure based on per capita GDP. Furthermore, the speed of divergence between different countries before 1950 is faster and the speed of c…
Global employment and decent jobs, 2010–2030
Globally, an estimated 734 million jobs will be required between 2010 and 2030 to accommodate recent and ongoing demographic shifts, account for plausible changes in labour force participation rates, and achieve target unemployment rates of at or below 4 per cent for adults and at or below 8 per cent for youth. The facts that most new jobs will be required in countries where “decent” jobs are less prevalent and workers in many occupations are inc…
L’évolution démographique et l’automatisation, deux enjeux mondiaux pour l’avenir du travail
Les auteurs s'interrogent sur le nombre des emplois qu'il conviendra de créer demain pour répondre aux besoins engendrés par l'évolution démographique, économique et technologique. Ils font le calcul pour la période 2020‐2030, en se fondant sur des projections de croissance démographique et de taux d'activité et en fixant des taux de chômage cibles. Les résultats sont ventilés par âge et par sexe. Les auteurs tiennent compte également de l'influe…
Endogenous education and the reversal in the relationship between fertility and economic growth
Can taxes raise output and reduce inequality? The case of lobbying
One of the key institutional elements for reducing inequality is the tax and transfer system. However, economists and policymakers usually view high taxes as detrimental to economic growth. We isolate one important mechanism by which higher taxes reduce inequality and raise per capita gross domestic product (GDP) at the same time. This mechanism operates in the presence of unproductive lobbying. Higher taxes induce a reallocation from lobbying to…
The contribution of female health to economic development
We analyse the economic consequences for poor countries of investing in female health within a unified growth model featuring health-related gender differences in productivity. Better female health accelerates the demographic transition and thereby the take-off towards sustained economic growth. By contrast, male health improvements delay the transition and take-off because they tend to raise fertility. However, households tend to prefer male hea…
Macro-level efficiency of health expenditure
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlights the importance of strong and resilient health systems. Yet how much a society should spend on healthcare is difficult to determine because additional health expenditures imply lower expenditures on other types of consumption. Furthermore, the welfare-maximizing ("efficient") aggregate amount and composition of health expenditures depend on efficiency concepts at three levels that often g…
Spurring Economic Growth through Human Development
Education, general health, and reproductive health are key indicators of human development. Investments in these domains can also promote economic growth. This paper argues for human development-related investments based on (1) a theoretical economic growth model with poverty traps, (2) a literature review of evidence that different human development-related investments can promote growth, and (3) own empirical analyses of 1980-2015 data that aim…
The scientific revolution and its implications for long-run economic development
We analyze the role of the Scientific Revolution in the takeoff to sustained long-run economic development. Basic scientific knowledge is a necessary input in the production of applied knowledge, which, in turn, fuels productivity growth and leads to rising incomes. Subsequently, rising incomes instigate a fertility transition and foster education investments. Together, the increasing stocks of basic scientific knowledge and human capital, and th…
Rising Longevity, Increasing the Retirement Age, and the Consequences for Knowledge‐based Long‐run Growth
We assess the long‐run growth effects of rising longevity and increasing the retirement age when growth is driven by purposeful research and development. In contrast to economies in which growth depends on learning‐by‐doing spillovers, raising the retirement age fosters economic growth. How economic growth changes in response to rising life expectancy depends on the retirement response. Employing numerical analysis, we find that the requirement f…
Beyond GDP
We measure well-being across 193 countries from 1990 to 2019 using a new indicator: healthy lifetime income (HLI). Apart from the income component as captured by standard per capita gross domestic product, HLI incorporates health as a second important component. Overall, HLI can be interpreted as the income of the average person in an economy during the years in which the person is in good health. We show that HLI has particular strengths as comp…
Health and economic growth
Measuring “High-Quality Development” and Progress Toward “Common Prosperity” in China
In 2017, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China introduced the concept of “high-quality development” to shift China’s focus from high-speed growth to a more inclusive concept. In August 2021, the Chinese leadership emphasized “common prosperity” as an essential goal for modernization. However, measuring “common prosperity” in the context of “high-quality development” is challenging and requires reliable and practical indicator…
Electricity Use of Automation or How to Tax Robots
While automation technologies replace workers in ever more tasks, robots, 3D‐printers, and AI require substantial amounts of electricity. How are automation technologies affected by the price of electricity, and how do robot taxes and electricity taxes affect their adoption? To answer these questions, we generalize a standard economic growth model to incorporate automation and electricity use. In addition, we augment the model with electricity ta…
The skill premium across countries in the era of industrial robots and artificial intelligence
How do new technologies affect economic growth and the skill premium? To answer this question, we analyze the impacts of industrial robots and artificial intelligence (AI) across 52 countries using counterfactual simulations. In so doing, we simulate the nested CES production function framework of Bloom et al. (2025) with low-skilled workers, high-skilled workers, traditional capital, robots, and AI. Our contribution lies in documenting substanti…
Economics (18 obras) · Economic Growth and Productivity (12 obras) · Fiscal Policy and Economic Growth (12 obras) · Population (12 obras) · Economic growth (11 obras) · Global Health Care Issues (9 obras) · Demographic economics (8 obras) · Demography (8 obras) · Per capita (7 obras) · Demography (6 obras)