Michal Shamir
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 272942 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Michal Shamir |
| NOMBRES | Michal |
| APELLIDO | Shamir |
| FIRMA | SHAMIR M |
| AFILIACIONES | Tel Aviv University |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-7185-2946 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 46 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 666 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 34 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 12 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1982 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 15 |
The Elections in Israel 2022
Social support, happiness, work–family conflict, and state anxiety among single mothers during the covid-19 pandemic
Israel has been greatly affected by the coronavirus (Covid-19), which the World Health Organization defined as a pandemic in March 2020. This study explored state anxiety, social support, work–family conflict, and happiness among mothers who are single by choice. This population’s experiences have not been examined during crises such as a global pandemic. Using snowball sampling, we recruited 386 single mothers by choice to complete an online que…
The Pitkinian public
Democracy is backsliding in Europe and around the world as citizens’ trust in elected representatives and institutions wanes. Representation theories and studies have mostly centred on the representatives, rather than the represented. But how do citizens perceive political representation? Are their perceptions of any consequence at all? In this paper, we set forth a framework of representation in the eyes of citizens, based on Pitkin’s classic co…
Attitudes and Feelings Among Married Mothers and Single Mothers by Choice During the Covid-19 Crisis
The current study examined how state anxiety is related to social support (formal and informal), work-family conflict, and level of happiness among married mothers and single mothers by choice (SMBC) during the first lockdown of the Covid-19 crisis. The uniqueness of the present study lies in its comparison of married mothers and SMBC, whereas previous studies examined differences between single mothers, who are usually divorced, and married moth…
The Elections in Israel, 2019–2021
Elections in Israel - brings together leading Israeli and North American social scientists and their state-of-the-art, in-depth analysis of the 2006 Israeli national elections. The 2006 elections occurred soon after the unilateral withdrawal of Israeli settlers and the army from the Gaza Strip and the departure of Prime Minister Ariel Sharon from active politics due to a massive stroke. Sharon had engineered the withdrawal from Gaza. The policy b…
Elections in Israel 2019-2021
Mediated Representation in the Age of Social Media
Terrorism and Political Tolerance toward “Fellow Travelers
How does terrorism influence citizens’ willingness to deny basic liberties to domestic groups alleged to be “fellow travelers” of the perpetrators of terrorism? Based on intergroup threat theory and social identity theory, we hypothesize that political intolerance toward fellow traveler groups is determined by three factors: (1) the level of terrorism, (2) the degree to which domestic outgroups are alleged to be demographically or politically ass…
The Elections in Israel—1988
The Elections in Israel—2003
The Elections in Israel - 2003 brings together leading Israeli and North American social scientists and their state-of-the-art, in-depth analysis of the 2003 Israeli national elections. These elections returned Ariel Sharon and the Likud to power amid one of the bloodiest rounds of conflict between Israel and the Palestinians and a severe economic downturn in Israel. Contributors analyze the electoral behavior of the voters as a whole and various…
The Elections in Israel 2013
The Elections in Israel 2013
"The elections for Israel's nineteenth Knesset were held on January 22, 2013. This volume offers an in-depth analysis of Israel's 2013 elections from various perspectives. It presents an up-to-date picture of the complexity of Israeli democracy, and its challenges, achievements, and failures. The chapters in this collection shed light on different facets of Israeli democracy. Yaron Ezrahi provides a sceptical perspective on prospects for democrac…
The Elections in Israel 2015
The newest volume in the Elections in Israel series focuses on the twentieth Knesset elections held in March 2015 following the collapse of the third Netanyahu government. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s main opposition party, the Zionist Camp, ran a negative personalized election campaign, assuming that Israelis had grown tired of him. Netanyahu, however, achieved a surprising and dramatic victory by enhancing and radicalizing the same ident…
Voter Election Frames
How do citizens think about elections? Building on democratic theory, political psychology and political communication theories, we conceptualize how voters interpret elections in terms of election frames, and explore the interplay between them and media frames. Election frames are deduced from the empirical and normative body of work on elections and democracy and they are tracked empirically through in-depth interviews with citizens, carried ou…
The Impact of Persistent Terrorism on Political Tolerance
How do persistent terrorist attacks influence political tolerance, a willingness to extend basic liberties to one's enemies? Studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have produced a number of valuable insights into how citizens respond to singular, massive attacks like 9/11. But they are less useful for evaluating how chronic and persistent terrorist attacks erode support for democratic values over the long haul. Our study focuses on political tolerance…
The Elections in Israel 1999
The Elections in Israel 1996
The Elections in Israel 1999
The Elections in Israel 1996
Professor Alan Zuckerman, 1945-2009
Alan Zuckerman, Professor of Political Science at Brown University for almost forty years, passed away 20 August 2009. Zuckerman was an exemplary scholar—intellectual, passionate, curious, creative, relentless, and demanding. He was a true comparativist, who not only used the comparative method but defined and refined the analytical principles of comparative politics
What were the Elections about, and Why We Should Ask about it in Election Surveys
Elections are a prime topic of research for political scientists, given that they are the major apparatus of democracy. However the bulk of the studies focus on voting behavior and election campaigns. Thus, we know much about how the vote is structured and what enters voters’ calculus, how election campaigns are devised and how they affect voters. We know much less about what the elections mean, how the meaning of election outcomes is constructed…
The Political Communication of Mandate Elections
Elections are a prime topic of research for political scientists and political communication scholars, with most studies focusing on electoral behavior and election campaigns. Our interest lies in the construction of meaning of elections, and in particular electoral mandates—defined as policy directives sent from electorates to their elected leaders. Mandates emanate from the electorate, but assignment of meaning to elections is a typical politic…
A Decade Later, the World Had Changed, the Cleavage Structure Remained
The defining challenge for Israel since 1967 has been the future of the territories captured in the Six Day War and the population living in them. With the stalemate festering and the salience of the conflict very high, the conflict with the Palestinians has become the major cleavage dimension in Israeli politics. Building on the multidimensional conceptualization of cleavage, we argue that despite the occurrence of many, dramatic, changes, the c…
The Israeli—Palestinian Conflict in Israeli Elections
The Israeli—Palestinian conflict is one of the most intractable conflicts in the world today. During the period of the 1990s and early 2000s, its salience was especially high. In this article, we explore the role of elections in the conflict, focusing on deliberation, legitimation, and representation. We analyze the five Israeli elections between 1992 and 2003. Our findings raise significant doubts as to the quality of deliberation on the conflic…
Conflict, Identity, and Tolerance
This paper explores the impact of the Al‐Aqsa Intifada on tolerance orientations of the Israeli Jewish public. We rely upon five surveys carried out between January 2000 and June 2002 to study in a real‐life setting the amount and nature of change in political tolerance due to the conflict and the mechanisms behind it. Building on theory and research on intergroup relations in social psychology and political tolerance in political science, we foc…
Collective Identity and Electoral Competition in Israel
Comparative electoral research suggests that issue voting has increased and that the ability of social cleavages to account for voting patterns in most advanced industrial democracies has declined. In Israel, only the first of these generalizations holds. The capacity of social cleavages to structure the vote has been maintained along with our overall ability to explain the vote. Based on longitudinal analysis of electoral cleavages between 1969 …
The Primarily Political Functions of the Left-Right Continuum
The concepts of left and right-or liberal and conservative in their American versions-are common terms in politics, in political discourse, and in political analysis. Their meaning, however, is multifaceted at best, elusive at worst, and-over time and across polities-quite divergent. The left-right continuum in politics has been used for 200 years as a means to order a cognitive map of political and ideological relationships. Right and left make …
Why Politicians Are More Tolerant
In this article, we present data showing that national legislators are more tolerant than the public in Britain, Israel, New Zealand and the United States. Two explanations for this phenomenon are presented and assessed. The first is the selective recruitment of Members of Parliament, Knesset and Congress from among those in the electorate whose demographic, ideological and personality characteristics predispose them to be tolerant. Although this…
Conflict, Identity, and Tolerance
This paper explores the impact of the Al‐Aqsa Intifada on tolerance orientations of the Israeli Jewish public. We rely upon five surveys carried out between January 2000 and June 2002 to study in a real‐life setting the amount and nature of change in political tolerance due to the conflict and the mechanisms behind it. Building on theory and research on intergroup relations in social psychology and political tolerance in political science, we foc…
The Impact of Persistent Terrorism on Political Tolerance
How do persistent terrorist attacks influence political tolerance, a willingness to extend basic liberties to one's enemies? Studies in the U.S. and elsewhere have produced a number of valuable insights into how citizens respond to singular, massive attacks like 9/11. But they are less useful for evaluating how chronic and persistent terrorist attacks erode support for democratic values over the long haul. Our study focuses on political tolerance…
The Political Context of Tolerance
This article extends recent work on political tolerance to a cross-national context. In it we argue that a content-controlled measurement strategy is ideal for cross-cultural research, and we examine the dual processes of target group selection and of deciding the extent to which one tolerates target groups, once they are selected. We argue that the first process is rooted in concerns of social adjustment, and the second in externalization and ob…
Are Western Party Systems “Frozen
Party systems have been perceived for a long time as highly persistent, stable, “frozen” subsystems of the polity. This dominant view has been put forward most eloquently by Lipset and Rokkan (1976) and has been adopted and adapted by others since. This article challenges this view by studying 19 Western party systems over their entire history. I show that in terms of party systems fragmentation, ideological polarization, and instability of the v…
A Decade Later, the World Had Changed, the Cleavage Structure Remained
The defining challenge for Israel since 1967 has been the future of the territories captured in the Six Day War and the population living in them. With the stalemate festering and the salience of the conflict very high, the conflict with the Palestinians has become the major cleavage dimension in Israeli politics. Building on the multidimensional conceptualization of cleavage, we argue that despite the occurrence of many, dramatic, changes, the c…
Pluralistic Ignorance Across Issues and Over Time
Journal Article Pluralistic Ignorance Across Issues and Over Time: Information Cues and Biases Get access JACOB SHAMIR, JACOB SHAMIR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MICHAEL SHAMIR MICHAEL SHAMIR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 61, Issue 2, August 1997, Pages 227–260, https://doi.org/10.1086/297794 Published: 01 August 1997
Political Intolerance among Masses and Elites in Israel
This study of political tolerance focuses on the political elites in Israel. It is based on elite and mass surveys and on a case-study analysis of the response of the Israeli political system to the entrance of two new outgroups in the 1980s. The results raise doubts as to the general application of elitist theory of democracy on three counts: First--in particular in situations of high threat and objection--the political elite does not seem to di…
Public Opinion and Political Change
Jews and Arabs in Israel
This article explores the patterns of political tolerance and intolerance among Jews and Arabs, patterns that are largely structured by the broader conflict. The two groups are characterized by “focused intolerance.” Both groups are generally intolerant, and the targets of their intolerance are highly concentrated and provide a mirror image of one another. The Arabs overwhelmingly select targets from among Jewish right-wing groups, and Jews selec…
Changes in Electoral Systems as ‘Interventions
This paper re‐examines Duverger's hypothesis about the ‘multiplicative tendency’ of the electoral system of proportional representation. The data cover six countries over time, and the change of the electoral system to PR is conceived as an ‘intervention’ whose impact on the party system is assessed by time‐series techniques following the logic of ‘interrupted time‐series quasi‐experiments’. In two countries the results are altogether negative, i…
The ethnic vote in Israel's 1981 elections
Competing Values and Policy Choices
Value hierarchies structure people's position on specific issues when values are in conflict. This general proposition is tested using surveys of Israeli public opinion on issues relating to the Israeli–Arab conflict. Value priorities are shown to be politically and ideologically structured, and not random, with certain value combinations more prevalent and more enduring than others. Most importantly, we establish that people's value hierarchies …
Candidates, Parties and Blocs
The Israeli party system, its parties and its voters, have undergone tremendous change. From a stable dominant party system through a competitive two-bloc system, it finds itself in the 1990s in a state of dealignment, with weakening parties, loosening party ties, fragmentation, growing volatility and frequent turnover in government. The combination of electoral reform, which instituted direct elections of the Prime Minister, new voting groups, a…
Competing values in public opinion
The Political Communication of Mandate Elections
Elections are a prime topic of research for political scientists and political communication scholars, with most studies focusing on electoral behavior and election campaigns. Our interest lies in the construction of meaning of elections, and in particular electoral mandates—defined as policy directives sent from electorates to their elected leaders. Mandates emanate from the electorate, but assignment of meaning to elections is a typical politic…
Political Intolerance and the Structure of Mass Attitudes
This article examines the patterns of tolerance and intolerance characterizing the publics of three countries: Israel, New Zealand, and the United States. Beyond the level of tolerance, we study the extent to which the tolerant and intolerant segments of each nation's population are intense in their attitudes, and their degree of agreement about the targets of their intolerance. We find the United States to be characterized by a pattern of “plura…
What were the Elections about, and Why We Should Ask about it in Election Surveys
Elections are a prime topic of research for political scientists, given that they are the major apparatus of democracy. However the bulk of the studies focus on voting behavior and election campaigns. Thus, we know much about how the vote is structured and what enters voters’ calculus, how election campaigns are devised and how they affect voters. We know much less about what the elections mean, how the meaning of election outcomes is constructed…
The Israeli—Palestinian Conflict in Israeli Elections
The Israeli—Palestinian conflict is one of the most intractable conflicts in the world today. During the period of the 1990s and early 2000s, its salience was especially high. In this article, we explore the role of elections in the conflict, focusing on deliberation, legitimation, and representation. We analyze the five Israeli elections between 1992 and 2003. Our findings raise significant doubts as to the quality of deliberation on the conflic…
Two reversals in Israeli politics
Mediated Representation in the Age of Social Media
The Pitkinian public
Democracy is backsliding in Europe and around the world as citizens’ trust in elected representatives and institutions wanes. Representation theories and studies have mostly centred on the representatives, rather than the represented. But how do citizens perceive political representation? Are their perceptions of any consequence at all? In this paper, we set forth a framework of representation in the eyes of citizens, based on Pitkin’s classic co…
Terrorism and Political Tolerance toward “Fellow Travelers
How does terrorism influence citizens’ willingness to deny basic liberties to domestic groups alleged to be “fellow travelers” of the perpetrators of terrorism? Based on intergroup threat theory and social identity theory, we hypothesize that political intolerance toward fellow traveler groups is determined by three factors: (1) the level of terrorism, (2) the degree to which domestic outgroups are alleged to be demographically or politically ass…
The ethnic vote in Israel's 1981 elections
The Primarily Political Functions of the Left-Right Continuum
The concepts of left and right-or liberal and conservative in their American versions-are common terms in politics, in political discourse, and in political analysis. Their meaning, however, is multifaceted at best, elusive at worst, and-over time and across polities-quite divergent. The left-right continuum in politics has been used for 200 years as a means to order a cognitive map of political and ideological relationships. Right and left make …
The Political Context of Tolerance
This article extends recent work on political tolerance to a cross-national context. In it we argue that a content-controlled measurement strategy is ideal for cross-cultural research, and we examine the dual processes of target group selection and of deciding the extent to which one tolerates target groups, once they are selected. We argue that the first process is rooted in concerns of social adjustment, and the second in externalization and ob…
Political Intolerance and the Structure of Mass Attitudes
This article examines the patterns of tolerance and intolerance characterizing the publics of three countries: Israel, New Zealand, and the United States. Beyond the level of tolerance, we study the extent to which the tolerant and intolerant segments of each nation's population are intense in their attitudes, and their degree of agreement about the targets of their intolerance. We find the United States to be characterized by a pattern of “plura…
Are Western Party Systems “Frozen
Party systems have been perceived for a long time as highly persistent, stable, “frozen” subsystems of the polity. This dominant view has been put forward most eloquently by Lipset and Rokkan (1976) and has been adopted and adapted by others since. This article challenges this view by studying 19 Western party systems over their entire history. I show that in terms of party systems fragmentation, ideological polarization, and instability of the v…
Jews and Arabs in Israel
This article explores the patterns of political tolerance and intolerance among Jews and Arabs, patterns that are largely structured by the broader conflict. The two groups are characterized by “focused intolerance.” Both groups are generally intolerant, and the targets of their intolerance are highly concentrated and provide a mirror image of one another. The Arabs overwhelmingly select targets from among Jewish right-wing groups, and Jews selec…
Changes in Electoral Systems as ‘Interventions
This paper re‐examines Duverger's hypothesis about the ‘multiplicative tendency’ of the electoral system of proportional representation. The data cover six countries over time, and the change of the electoral system to PR is conceived as an ‘intervention’ whose impact on the party system is assessed by time‐series techniques following the logic of ‘interrupted time‐series quasi‐experiments’. In two countries the results are altogether negative, i…
Political Intolerance among Masses and Elites in Israel
This study of political tolerance focuses on the political elites in Israel. It is based on elite and mass surveys and on a case-study analysis of the response of the Israeli political system to the entrance of two new outgroups in the 1980s. The results raise doubts as to the general application of elitist theory of democracy on three counts: First--in particular in situations of high threat and objection--the political elite does not seem to di…
The Political Bases of Activism in the Israeli Labour and Herut Parties
Journal Article The Political Bases of Activism in the Israeli Labour and Herut Parties Get access Alan S. Zuckerman, Alan S. Zuckerman ALAN S. ZUCKERMAN is professor of political science and Judaic studies and director of the Social Science Data Center at Brown University. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Michal Shamir, Michal Shamir MICHAL SHAMIR is senior lecturer of political science, Tel-Aviv Universit…
Public Opinion and Political Change
Why Politicians Are More Tolerant
In this article, we present data showing that national legislators are more tolerant than the public in Britain, Israel, New Zealand and the United States. Two explanations for this phenomenon are presented and assessed. The first is the selective recruitment of Members of Parliament, Knesset and Congress from among those in the electorate whose demographic, ideological and personality characteristics predispose them to be tolerant. Although this…
Two reversals in Israeli politics
Competing Values and Policy Choices
Value hierarchies structure people's position on specific issues when values are in conflict. This general proposition is tested using surveys of Israeli public opinion on issues relating to the Israeli–Arab conflict. Value priorities are shown to be politically and ideologically structured, and not random, with certain value combinations more prevalent and more enduring than others. Most importantly, we establish that people's value hierarchies …
Elections in Israel 1992, The
Competing values in public opinion
Estimating Vote Persistence Sources without Panel Data
Vote has been found to be among the most persistent political attitudes and behavior patterns. We specify three sources of vote persistence: persistence in (observable) factors structuring the vote, habituation through repeated vote for the same party, and stable (unobservable) personal preferences. The paper proposes an estimation procedure for distinguishing among these different factors based on one-shot election surveys, that is, without need…
Pluralistic Ignorance Across Issues and Over Time
Journal Article Pluralistic Ignorance Across Issues and Over Time: Information Cues and Biases Get access JACOB SHAMIR, JACOB SHAMIR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MICHAEL SHAMIR MICHAEL SHAMIR Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Public Opinion Quarterly, Volume 61, Issue 2, August 1997, Pages 227–260, https://doi.org/10.1086/297794 Published: 01 August 1997
Elections in Israel 1996, The
Collective Identity and Electoral Competition in Israel
Comparative electoral research suggests that issue voting has increased and that the ability of social cleavages to account for voting patterns in most advanced industrial democracies has declined. In Israel, only the first of these generalizations holds. The capacity of social cleavages to structure the vote has been maintained along with our overall ability to explain the vote. Based on longitudinal analysis of electoral cleavages between 1969 …
Candidates, Parties and Blocs
The Israeli party system, its parties and its voters, have undergone tremendous change. From a stable dominant party system through a competitive two-bloc system, it finds itself in the 1990s in a state of dealignment, with weakening parties, loosening party ties, fragmentation, growing volatility and frequent turnover in government. The combination of electoral reform, which instituted direct elections of the Prime Minister, new voting groups, a…
Elections in Israel 1999, The
Conflict, Identity, and Tolerance
This paper explores the impact of the Al‐Aqsa Intifada on tolerance orientations of the Israeli Jewish public. We rely upon five surveys carried out between January 2000 and June 2002 to study in a real‐life setting the amount and nature of change in political tolerance due to the conflict and the mechanisms behind it. Building on theory and research on intergroup relations in social psychology and political tolerance in political science, we foc…
The Israeli—Palestinian Conflict in Israeli Elections
The Israeli—Palestinian conflict is one of the most intractable conflicts in the world today. During the period of the 1990s and early 2000s, its salience was especially high. In this article, we explore the role of elections in the conflict, focusing on deliberation, legitimation, and representation. We analyze the five Israeli elections between 1992 and 2003. Our findings raise significant doubts as to the quality of deliberation on the conflic…
What were the Elections about, and Why We Should Ask about it in Election Surveys
Elections are a prime topic of research for political scientists, given that they are the major apparatus of democracy. However the bulk of the studies focus on voting behavior and election campaigns. Thus, we know much about how the vote is structured and what enters voters’ calculus, how election campaigns are devised and how they affect voters. We know much less about what the elections mean, how the meaning of election outcomes is constructed…
The Political Communication of Mandate Elections
Elections are a prime topic of research for political scientists and political communication scholars, with most studies focusing on electoral behavior and election campaigns. Our interest lies in the construction of meaning of elections, and in particular electoral mandates—defined as policy directives sent from electorates to their elected leaders. Mandates emanate from the electorate, but assignment of meaning to elections is a typical politic…
Political science (43 obras) · Law (28 obras) · Law (28 obras) · Politics (28 obras) · Sociology (23 obras) · Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies (22 obras) · Political economy (18 obras) · Electoral Systems and Political Participation (17 obras) · Psychology (14 obras) · History (11 obras)