E Chattoe-Brown
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 273502 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | E Chattoe-Brown |
| NOMBRES | E |
| APELLIDO | Chattoe-Brown |
| FIRMA | CHATTOE-BROWN E |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Leicester |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8232-6896 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 28 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 147 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 28 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1999 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
Is it time sociology started researching incompetence
There appears to be a mismatch between apparent incompetence in the world and the amount of sociological research it attracts. The aim of this article is to outline a sociology of incompetence and justify its value. I begin by defining incompetence as unsatisfactory performance relative to standards. Incompetence is thus intrinsically sociological in being negotiated and socially (re)constituted. The next section foregrounds how widespread and se…
Is agent-based modelling the future of prediction
This article argues that Agent-Based Modelling, owing to its capabilities and methodology, has a distinctive contribution to make to delivering coherent social science prediction. The argument has four parts. The first identifies key elements of social science prediction induced from real research across disciplines, thus avoiding a straw person approach to what prediction is. The second illustrates Agent-Based Modelling using an example, showing…
Rat-Rs
This article describes and justifies a reporting standard to improve data use documentation in Agent-Based Modelling. Following the development of reporting standards for models themselves, empirical modelling has now developed to the point where these standards need to take equally effective account of data use (which previously has tended to be an afterthought to model description). It is particularly important that a standard should allow the …
GAM on! Six ways to explore social complexity by combining games and agent-based models
GAM, combining games and agent-based models, shows potential for investigating complex social phenomena. Games offer engaging environments generating insights into social dynamics, perceptions, and behaviours, while agent-based models support the analysis of complexity. Games and agent-based models share the important ability both to input and output qualitative and quantitative data. Currently, there is no overview of GAM approaches. In a system…
Moral and Contextual Dimensions of “Inappropriate” Antibiotic Prescribing in Secondary Care
Overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics in secondary care is a key contributor to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR); efforts are focused on minimizing antibiotic overuse as a crucial step toward containing the global threat of AMR. The concept of overtreatment has, however, been difficult to define. Efforts to address the overuse of medicine need to be informed by an understanding of how prescribers themselves understand th…
Talking Prose All These Years
This article considers the implications of an approach to computer simulation called agent-based modeling for process-oriented analysis. It argues that many theoretical and methodological debates found in the latter field can be effectively advanced by the former. The argument is presented and then extended using a ubiquitous agent-based model proposed to improve understanding of ethnic residential segregation. The argument has three strands. The…
Why questions like ‘do networks matter?’ matter to methodology
This article demonstrates how a technique called Agent-Based Modelling can address a significant challenge for effective interdisciplinarity. Different disciplines and research methods make divergent assertions about what a satisfactory explanation requires. However, without a unified framework analysing the implications of these differences systematically, debate cannot transcend mere competing assertion. Using a sequence of examples, I demonstr…
Role of Trust in a Self-Organizing Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Model with Variable Good Quality and Imperfect Information
We present an Agent-Based Model (herea er ABM) for a pharmaceutical supply chain operating under conditions of weak regulation and imperfect information, exploring the possibility of poor quality medicines and their detection. Our interest is to demonstrate how buyers can learn about the quality of sellers (and their medicines) based on previous successful and unsuccessful transactions, thereby establishing trust over time. Furthermore, this netw…
Different Modelling Purposes
How one builds, checks, validates and interprets a model depends on its 'purpose'. This is true even if the same model code is used for di erent purposes. This means that a model built for one purpose but then used for another needs to be re-justified for the new purpose and this will probably mean it also has to be rechecked, re-validated and maybe even re-built in a di erent way. Here we review some of the di erent purposes for a simulation mod…
Does Sociology Have Any Choice but to Be Evolutionary
Historically, over the long run, evolutionary approaches have struggled in sociology with great effort being expended (sometimes purely rhetorically rather than scientifically) to criticize them or, even more radically, to rule them out of court altogether as "not sociological." This approach implies that such approaches are optional to the sociological project. By contrast, this article takes an opposing position and argues that sociology has no…
Developing agent-based models of complex health behaviour
Managing non-communicable diseases requires policy makers to adopt a whole systems perspective that adequately represents the complex causal architecture of human behaviour. Agent-based modelling is a computational method to understand the behaviour of complex systems by simulating the actions of entities within the system, including the way these individuals influence and are influenced by their physical and social environment. The potential ben…
Models of Social Influence
In , Robert Axelrod wondered in a highly influential paper "If people tend to become more alike in their beliefs, attitudes, and behavior when they interact, why do not all such di erences eventually disappear?"Axelrod's question highlighted an ongoing quest for formal theoretical answers joined by researchers from a wide range of disciplines.Numerous models have been developed to understand why and under what conditions diversity in beliefs, att…
Censorship”, early childhood research quarterly and qualitative research
Using Agent Based Modelling to Integrate Data on Attitude Change
This article has two goals. Firstly, it shows how a relatively novel technique (Agent Based Modelling, hereafter ABM) can integrate different data types that are often used only in separate strands of research (interviews, experiments and surveys). It does this by comparing a well-known ABM of attitude dynamics with an alternative model using data from surveys and experiments. Secondly, the article explains ABM methodology and why it is important…
Why Sociology Should Use Agent Based Modelling
Although Agent Based Models (hereafter ABM) are now regularly reported in sociology journals, explaining the approach, describing models and reporting results leaves little opportunity to examine wider implications of ABM for sociological practice. This article uses an established ABM (the Schelling model) for this. The first part argues that ABM integrates qualitative and quantitative data distinctively, provides novel tools for understanding so…
How do we convince agent-based modeling agnostics
I'm very pleased to see this paper offered commentary in a “subject” journal rather than, as the authors worry, somewhere only seen by agent-based modeling (hereafter ABM) specialists. In my contri
Combining Ethnography and Game Theory Using Simulation
In a 2007 article in Sociology, Gezelius offers an account of information exchange between Norwegian fishermen using game theoretic analysis of ethnographic data. In this article, I consider what his analysis reveals about using game theory in sociology. To be effective, this must combine systematic use of ethnography with effective application of game theory. In addition, the methods of simulation and evolutionary game theory are important tools…
Two Challenges in Simulating the Social Processes of Science
This note discusses two challenges to simulating the social process of science. The first is developing an adequately rich representation of the underlying Data Generation Process which scientific progress can "learn". The second is how to get effective data on what, in broad terms, the properties of the "future" are. Paradoxically, with due care, we may learn a lot about the future by studying the past
W. G. Runciman
Journal Article W. G. Runciman: The Theory of Cultural and Social Selection Get access W. G. Runciman: The Theory of Cultural and Social SelectionCambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. 257 + viii pp. Edmund Chattoe-Brown Edmund Chattoe-Brown University of Leicester [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar European Sociological Review, Volume 27, Issue 5, October 2011, Pages 690–692, http…
The social transmission of choice
Using Evolutionary Analogies in Social Science
This chapter considers the use of evolutionary analogies (EA) in social science. It begins with a general discussion of the role analogy plays and then considers the specific benefits of EA for unsolved problems in social science. Most of the chapter presents two case studies of Fontana’s work. The first applies neutral networks to social structure. The second uses ‘algorith mic chemistry’ to explore industrial diversification and the emergence o…
Using simulation to develop testable functionalist explanations
Many arguments for and against functionalism have revolved around logical and methodological issues, discouraging attempts to develop testable functionalist theories. This paper takes a different approach, arguing that the problem with sociological functionalism is not its logic of explanation but the absence of appropriatetechniquesfor formalizing functionalist theories. The solution presented - agent-based simulation - is illustrated by a case …
It’s Not Who You Know—It’s What You Know About People You Don’t Know That Counts
This paper raises two difficulties with an earlier contribution to this Journal (Coles 2001) and proposes solutions. While we strongly support his suggestion that neglect of Social Network Analysis (SNA) has hampered criminology, and welcome his opening up of the debate, we argue that Coles has failed to make an important distinction between types of SNA data collection and presented a flawed ‘theoretical framework’. In the first section of this …
Building Empirically Plausible Multi-Agent Systems
Developing the Selectionist Paradigm in Sociology
This paper clarifies and develops some of the arguments put forward by W.G. Runciman in his 1998 Sociology article 'The Selectionist Paradigm and Its Implications for Sociology'. It intends to support his basic claim that mechanisms analogous to (but not synonymous with) natural selection are an important way of understanding both continuity and change in social systems. Nonetheless, it questions the emphasis of his discussion and extends his ana…
Models of Social Influence
In , Robert Axelrod wondered in a highly influential paper "If people tend to become more alike in their beliefs, attitudes, and behavior when they interact, why do not all such di erences eventually disappear?"Axelrod's question highlighted an ongoing quest for formal theoretical answers joined by researchers from a wide range of disciplines.Numerous models have been developed to understand why and under what conditions diversity in beliefs, att…
Why Sociology Should Use Agent Based Modelling
Although Agent Based Models (hereafter ABM) are now regularly reported in sociology journals, explaining the approach, describing models and reporting results leaves little opportunity to examine wider implications of ABM for sociological practice. This article uses an established ABM (the Schelling model) for this. The first part argues that ABM integrates qualitative and quantitative data distinctively, provides novel tools for understanding so…
Using Agent Based Modelling to Integrate Data on Attitude Change
This article has two goals. Firstly, it shows how a relatively novel technique (Agent Based Modelling, hereafter ABM) can integrate different data types that are often used only in separate strands of research (interviews, experiments and surveys). It does this by comparing a well-known ABM of attitude dynamics with an alternative model using data from surveys and experiments. Secondly, the article explains ABM methodology and why it is important…
Talking About Budgets
This paper reports findings from twenty-six interviews conducted with retired households about the way they make budgeting decisions. The data are presented with three objectives. First, to describe the way that households carry out the process of budgeting. Secondly, to consider the implications for economic and sociological theories of consumption. Thirdly, to construct a framework for understanding budgetary decision making which organises the…
Using simulation to develop testable functionalist explanations
Many arguments for and against functionalism have revolved around logical and methodological issues, discouraging attempts to develop testable functionalist theories. This paper takes a different approach, arguing that the problem with sociological functionalism is not its logic of explanation but the absence of appropriatetechniquesfor formalizing functionalist theories. The solution presented - agent-based simulation - is illustrated by a case …
Moral and Contextual Dimensions of “Inappropriate” Antibiotic Prescribing in Secondary Care
Overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics in secondary care is a key contributor to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR); efforts are focused on minimizing antibiotic overuse as a crucial step toward containing the global threat of AMR. The concept of overtreatment has, however, been difficult to define. Efforts to address the overuse of medicine need to be informed by an understanding of how prescribers themselves understand th…
Developing the Selectionist Paradigm in Sociology
This paper clarifies and develops some of the arguments put forward by W.G. Runciman in his 1998 Sociology article 'The Selectionist Paradigm and Its Implications for Sociology'. It intends to support his basic claim that mechanisms analogous to (but not synonymous with) natural selection are an important way of understanding both continuity and change in social systems. Nonetheless, it questions the emphasis of his discussion and extends his ana…
Combining Ethnography and Game Theory Using Simulation
In a 2007 article in Sociology, Gezelius offers an account of information exchange between Norwegian fishermen using game theoretic analysis of ethnographic data. In this article, I consider what his analysis reveals about using game theory in sociology. To be effective, this must combine systematic use of ethnography with effective application of game theory. In addition, the methods of simulation and evolutionary game theory are important tools…
Understanding Consumption
This paper uses interview data from retired households to inform a discussion about economic models of consumption. It is divided into two parts. In the first part, the economic models are described. The paper then discusses several different types of reasons for finding them unhelpful in explaining consumption. The second part of the paper considers the role of 'middle range' theories in developing plausible models of household behaviour. Phenom…
Is it time sociology started researching incompetence
There appears to be a mismatch between apparent incompetence in the world and the amount of sociological research it attracts. The aim of this article is to outline a sociology of incompetence and justify its value. I begin by defining incompetence as unsatisfactory performance relative to standards. Incompetence is thus intrinsically sociological in being negotiated and socially (re)constituted. The next section foregrounds how widespread and se…
Rat-Rs
This article describes and justifies a reporting standard to improve data use documentation in Agent-Based Modelling. Following the development of reporting standards for models themselves, empirical modelling has now developed to the point where these standards need to take equally effective account of data use (which previously has tended to be an afterthought to model description). It is particularly important that a standard should allow the …
GAM on! Six ways to explore social complexity by combining games and agent-based models
GAM, combining games and agent-based models, shows potential for investigating complex social phenomena. Games offer engaging environments generating insights into social dynamics, perceptions, and behaviours, while agent-based models support the analysis of complexity. Games and agent-based models share the important ability both to input and output qualitative and quantitative data. Currently, there is no overview of GAM approaches. In a system…
Developing agent-based models of complex health behaviour
Managing non-communicable diseases requires policy makers to adopt a whole systems perspective that adequately represents the complex causal architecture of human behaviour. Agent-based modelling is a computational method to understand the behaviour of complex systems by simulating the actions of entities within the system, including the way these individuals influence and are influenced by their physical and social environment. The potential ben…
It’s Not Who You Know—It’s What You Know About People You Don’t Know That Counts
This paper raises two difficulties with an earlier contribution to this Journal (Coles 2001) and proposes solutions. While we strongly support his suggestion that neglect of Social Network Analysis (SNA) has hampered criminology, and welcome his opening up of the debate, we argue that Coles has failed to make an important distinction between types of SNA data collection and presented a flawed ‘theoretical framework’. In the first section of this …
Talking About Budgets
This paper reports findings from twenty-six interviews conducted with retired households about the way they make budgeting decisions. The data are presented with three objectives. First, to describe the way that households carry out the process of budgeting. Secondly, to consider the implications for economic and sociological theories of consumption. Thirdly, to construct a framework for understanding budgetary decision making which organises the…
Sensitivity Analysis in the Social Sciences
In the natural sciences and engineering, sensitivity analysis is a standard method for verifying simulation models. The term “sensitivity analysis” is generally used to describe a family of methods for altering the input values of the model in various ways and such analyses are included in the validation step of almost all technical simulations (Law and Kelton 1991, pp. 310ff). Nevertheless, a short review of simulation textbooks and other studie…
Understanding Consumption
This paper uses interview data from retired households to inform a discussion about economic models of consumption. It is divided into two parts. In the first part, the economic models are described. The paper then discusses several different types of reasons for finding them unhelpful in explaining consumption. The second part of the paper considers the role of 'middle range' theories in developing plausible models of household behaviour. Phenom…
Building Empirically Plausible Multi-Agent Systems
Developing the Selectionist Paradigm in Sociology
This paper clarifies and develops some of the arguments put forward by W.G. Runciman in his 1998 Sociology article 'The Selectionist Paradigm and Its Implications for Sociology'. It intends to support his basic claim that mechanisms analogous to (but not synonymous with) natural selection are an important way of understanding both continuity and change in social systems. Nonetheless, it questions the emphasis of his discussion and extends his ana…
It’s Not Who You Know—It’s What You Know About People You Don’t Know That Counts
This paper raises two difficulties with an earlier contribution to this Journal (Coles 2001) and proposes solutions. While we strongly support his suggestion that neglect of Social Network Analysis (SNA) has hampered criminology, and welcome his opening up of the debate, we argue that Coles has failed to make an important distinction between types of SNA data collection and presented a flawed ‘theoretical framework’. In the first section of this …
Using Evolutionary Analogies in Social Science
This chapter considers the use of evolutionary analogies (EA) in social science. It begins with a general discussion of the role analogy plays and then considers the specific benefits of EA for unsolved problems in social science. Most of the chapter presents two case studies of Fontana’s work. The first applies neutral networks to social structure. The second uses ‘algorith mic chemistry’ to explore industrial diversification and the emergence o…
Using simulation to develop testable functionalist explanations
Many arguments for and against functionalism have revolved around logical and methodological issues, discouraging attempts to develop testable functionalist theories. This paper takes a different approach, arguing that the problem with sociological functionalism is not its logic of explanation but the absence of appropriatetechniquesfor formalizing functionalist theories. The solution presented - agent-based simulation - is illustrated by a case …
The social transmission of choice
Two Challenges in Simulating the Social Processes of Science
This note discusses two challenges to simulating the social process of science. The first is developing an adequately rich representation of the underlying Data Generation Process which scientific progress can "learn". The second is how to get effective data on what, in broad terms, the properties of the "future" are. Paradoxically, with due care, we may learn a lot about the future by studying the past
W. G. Runciman
Journal Article W. G. Runciman: The Theory of Cultural and Social Selection Get access W. G. Runciman: The Theory of Cultural and Social SelectionCambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. 257 + viii pp. Edmund Chattoe-Brown Edmund Chattoe-Brown University of Leicester [email protected] Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar European Sociological Review, Volume 27, Issue 5, October 2011, Pages 690–692, http…
How do we convince agent-based modeling agnostics
I'm very pleased to see this paper offered commentary in a “subject” journal rather than, as the authors worry, somewhere only seen by agent-based modeling (hereafter ABM) specialists. In my contri
Combining Ethnography and Game Theory Using Simulation
In a 2007 article in Sociology, Gezelius offers an account of information exchange between Norwegian fishermen using game theoretic analysis of ethnographic data. In this article, I consider what his analysis reveals about using game theory in sociology. To be effective, this must combine systematic use of ethnography with effective application of game theory. In addition, the methods of simulation and evolutionary game theory are important tools…
Why Sociology Should Use Agent Based Modelling
Although Agent Based Models (hereafter ABM) are now regularly reported in sociology journals, explaining the approach, describing models and reporting results leaves little opportunity to examine wider implications of ABM for sociological practice. This article uses an established ABM (the Schelling model) for this. The first part argues that ABM integrates qualitative and quantitative data distinctively, provides novel tools for understanding so…
Censorship”, early childhood research quarterly and qualitative research
Using Agent Based Modelling to Integrate Data on Attitude Change
This article has two goals. Firstly, it shows how a relatively novel technique (Agent Based Modelling, hereafter ABM) can integrate different data types that are often used only in separate strands of research (interviews, experiments and surveys). It does this by comparing a well-known ABM of attitude dynamics with an alternative model using data from surveys and experiments. Secondly, the article explains ABM methodology and why it is important…
Models of Social Influence
In , Robert Axelrod wondered in a highly influential paper "If people tend to become more alike in their beliefs, attitudes, and behavior when they interact, why do not all such di erences eventually disappear?"Axelrod's question highlighted an ongoing quest for formal theoretical answers joined by researchers from a wide range of disciplines.Numerous models have been developed to understand why and under what conditions diversity in beliefs, att…
Developing agent-based models of complex health behaviour
Managing non-communicable diseases requires policy makers to adopt a whole systems perspective that adequately represents the complex causal architecture of human behaviour. Agent-based modelling is a computational method to understand the behaviour of complex systems by simulating the actions of entities within the system, including the way these individuals influence and are influenced by their physical and social environment. The potential ben…
Role of Trust in a Self-Organizing Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Model with Variable Good Quality and Imperfect Information
We present an Agent-Based Model (herea er ABM) for a pharmaceutical supply chain operating under conditions of weak regulation and imperfect information, exploring the possibility of poor quality medicines and their detection. Our interest is to demonstrate how buyers can learn about the quality of sellers (and their medicines) based on previous successful and unsuccessful transactions, thereby establishing trust over time. Furthermore, this netw…
Different Modelling Purposes
How one builds, checks, validates and interprets a model depends on its 'purpose'. This is true even if the same model code is used for di erent purposes. This means that a model built for one purpose but then used for another needs to be re-justified for the new purpose and this will probably mean it also has to be rechecked, re-validated and maybe even re-built in a di erent way. Here we review some of the di erent purposes for a simulation mod…
Does Sociology Have Any Choice but to Be Evolutionary
Historically, over the long run, evolutionary approaches have struggled in sociology with great effort being expended (sometimes purely rhetorically rather than scientifically) to criticize them or, even more radically, to rule them out of court altogether as "not sociological." This approach implies that such approaches are optional to the sociological project. By contrast, this article takes an opposing position and argues that sociology has no…
Moral and Contextual Dimensions of “Inappropriate” Antibiotic Prescribing in Secondary Care
Overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics in secondary care is a key contributor to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR); efforts are focused on minimizing antibiotic overuse as a crucial step toward containing the global threat of AMR. The concept of overtreatment has, however, been difficult to define. Efforts to address the overuse of medicine need to be informed by an understanding of how prescribers themselves understand th…
Talking Prose All These Years
This article considers the implications of an approach to computer simulation called agent-based modeling for process-oriented analysis. It argues that many theoretical and methodological debates found in the latter field can be effectively advanced by the former. The argument is presented and then extended using a ubiquitous agent-based model proposed to improve understanding of ethnic residential segregation. The argument has three strands. The…
Why questions like ‘do networks matter?’ matter to methodology
This article demonstrates how a technique called Agent-Based Modelling can address a significant challenge for effective interdisciplinarity. Different disciplines and research methods make divergent assertions about what a satisfactory explanation requires. However, without a unified framework analysing the implications of these differences systematically, debate cannot transcend mere competing assertion. Using a sequence of examples, I demonstr…
Is agent-based modelling the future of prediction
This article argues that Agent-Based Modelling, owing to its capabilities and methodology, has a distinctive contribution to make to delivering coherent social science prediction. The argument has four parts. The first identifies key elements of social science prediction induced from real research across disciplines, thus avoiding a straw person approach to what prediction is. The second illustrates Agent-Based Modelling using an example, showing…
Computer Science (24 obras) · Sociology (17 obras) · Epistemology (12 obras) · Data science (11 obras) · Management science (11 obras) · Engineering (10 obras) · Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation (10 obras) · Psychology (10 obras) · Economics (9 obras) · Social science (9 obras)