George Willcox
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 287914 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | George Willcox |
| NOMBRES | George |
| APELLIDO | Willcox |
| FIRMA | WILLCOX G |
| AFILIACIONES | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique |
| ORCID | 0009-0001-8480-4924 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 38 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 484 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 38 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1974 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 13 |
Sowing, harvesting and tilling at the end of the Pleistocene/beginning of the Holocene in northern Syria
Preliminary Results from Analyses of Charred Plant Remains from a Burnt Natufian Building at Dederiyeh Cave in Northwest Syria
Near East (Including Anatolia)
Agrarian change and the beginnings of cultivation in the Near East
This chapter aims to examine the change in the subsistence system in the Near East from a gathering economy to one of production, in the light of observations made during experimental cultivation of primitive cereals at Jales, together with field observations of wild cereals in their natural habitat at a number of stations in Syria. It is argued that subsistence change in the Near East was a gradual process, proceeding over millennia rather than …
Preliminary Results from Analyses of Charred Plant Remains from a Burnt Natufian Building at Dederiyeh Cave in Northwest Syria
Fire Features at Akchakhan-kala and Tash-k’irman-tepe
Fire is an intrinsic aspect of Zoroastrian ritual and religious traditions. Akchakhan-kala can be conclusively linked with pre-Sasanian Zoroastrian practice through evidence from the recent discovery of murals depicting Avestan deities. Close similarities in apparently ritual features suggest that Tash-k’irman-tepe can also be linked to such traditions. Both sites also have a rich array of fire features which can be linked to respect for, and ven…
Near East (Including Anatolia)
Anthropogenic origin of siliceous scoria droplets from Pleistocene and Holocene archaeological sites in northern Syria
Archaeobotanical results from Sarazm, Tajikistan, an Early Bronze Age Settlement on the edge
Sarazm is an agricultural settlement located in the Zerafshan Valley of northwestern Tajikistan; it was occupied from the fourth to the end of the third millennia BC. Located on the northeastern edge of a chain of agricultural settlements (Namazga IV) that span the northern foothill ecotone of the Kopet Dag, Sarazm sat on a crossroads of exchange and interaction. Being at the eastern extremity of this chain of sedentary villages, Sarazm is the ke…
A bioarchaeological investigation of three late Chalcolithic pits at Ovçular Tepesi (Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan)
Socio-economic organisation, subsistence strategies and environmental exploitation still remain largely open questions for the Late Chalcolithic period (ca. 4500–3500 BC) in southern Caucasus even though they are of prime importance for understanding the development of post-Neolithic societies in these semi-arid and mountainous areas. Interdisciplinary bioarchaeological research can, however, provide valuable new insights into these issues. In th…
Early agricultural pathways
The origins of agriculture in the Near East has been associated with a 'core area', located in south-eastern Turkey, in which all major crops were brought into domestication within the same local domestication system operated by a single cultural group. Such an origin leads to a scenario of rapid invention of agriculture by a select cultural group and typically monophyletic origins for most crops. Surprisingly, support for a core area has never b…
First wave of cultivators spread to Cyprus at least 10,600 y ago
Early Neolithic sedentary villagers started cultivating wild cereals in the Near East 11,500 y ago [Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA)]. Recent discoveries indicated that Cyprus was frequented by Late PPNA people, but the earliest evidence until now for both the use of cereals and Neolithic villages on the island dates to 10,400 y ago. Here we present the recent archaeological excavation at Klimonas, which demonstrates that established villagers were…
From collecting to cultivation
Klimonas
Guilaine Jean, Vigne Jean-Denis, Briois François, Franel Yodrik, Tengberg Margareta, Willcox George. Klimonas. In: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 136-137, livraison 2, 2012. pp. 875-879
Large-scale cereal processing before domestication during the tenth millennium cal BC in northern Syria
At Jerf el Ahmar in northern Syria the authors have excavated a settlement where the occupants were harvesting and processing barley 1000 years in advance of its domestication. Rows of querns installed in square stone and daub buildings leave no doubt that this was a community dedicated to the systematic production of food from wild cereals. Given the plausible suggestion that barley was being cultivated, the site opens a window onto a long perio…
Searching for the origins of arable weeds in the Near East
Distinguishing wild and domestic wheat and barley spikelets from early Holocene sites in the Near East
Cultivation and domestication had multiple origins
This paper debates claims that plant domestication occurred rapidly in a single restricted sub-section of the Near Eastern Fertile Crescent. Instead we argue for numerous parallel processes of domestication across the region in the Early Holocene. While a previous generation of genetic results seemed to support a single 'core area', the accumulation of genetic evidence and refinements in methods undermine this, pointing increasingly towards multi…
Late Pleistocene and early Holocene climate and the beginnings of cultivation in northern Syria
Climate change has been interpreted as a contributing factor to the emergence of agriculture in the Near East. We examine how climate change may have affected the availability of food plants and their cultivation in northern Syria at the end of the Pleistocene and the beginning of the Holocene. Charred plant remains from sites representing 11 archaeological levels indicate that during the late Pleistocene rye was commonly used, together with seed…
The earliest finds of cultivated plants in Armenia
Early Holocene cultivation before domestication in northern Syria
How Fast Was Wild Wheat Domesticated?
Prehistoric cultivation of wild wheat in the Fertile Crescent led to the selection of mutants with indehiscent (nonshattering) ears, which evolved into modern domestic wheat. Previous estimates suggested that this transformation was rapid, but our analyses of archaeological plant remains demonstrate that indehiscent domesticates were slow to appear, emerging ~9500 years before the present, and that dehiscent (shattering) forms were still common i…
The origins of cultivation of Cicer arietinum L. and Vicia faba L
The distribution, natural habitats and availability of wild cereals in relation to their domestication in the Near East
Measuring grain size and identifying Near Eastern cereal domestication
Cultivation and domestication had multiple origins
This paper debates claims that plant domestication occurred rapidly in a single restricted sub-section of the Near Eastern Fertile Crescent. Instead we argue for numerous parallel processes of domestication across the region in the Early Holocene. While a previous generation of genetic results seemed to support a single 'core area', the accumulation of genetic evidence and refinements in methods undermine this, pointing increasingly towards multi…
Early Holocene cultivation before domestication in northern Syria
The distribution, natural habitats and availability of wild cereals in relation to their domestication in the Near East
Measuring grain size and identifying Near Eastern cereal domestication
Distinguishing wild and domestic wheat and barley spikelets from early Holocene sites in the Near East
Large-scale cereal processing before domestication during the tenth millennium cal BC in northern Syria
At Jerf el Ahmar in northern Syria the authors have excavated a settlement where the occupants were harvesting and processing barley 1000 years in advance of its domestication. Rows of querns installed in square stone and daub buildings leave no doubt that this was a community dedicated to the systematic production of food from wild cereals. Given the plausible suggestion that barley was being cultivated, the site opens a window onto a long perio…
Late Pleistocene and early Holocene climate and the beginnings of cultivation in northern Syria
Climate change has been interpreted as a contributing factor to the emergence of agriculture in the Near East. We examine how climate change may have affected the availability of food plants and their cultivation in northern Syria at the end of the Pleistocene and the beginning of the Holocene. Charred plant remains from sites representing 11 archaeological levels indicate that during the late Pleistocene rye was commonly used, together with seed…
The earliest finds of cultivated plants in Armenia
Evidence for plant exploitation and vegetation history from three Early Neolithic pre-pottery sites on the Euphrates (Syria)
Preliminary report on the archaeobotanical investigations at Tell Abraq with special attention to chaff impressions in mud brick
Examination of impressions from chaff‐tempered mud brick proved rewarding, given the poor preservation of carbonised seed and grain material at Tell Abraq. Individual chaff elements were found to be recognisable from the impressions and it was shown that naked wheat and barley chaff were used as a tempering medium. Charcoal samples indicate that two species of mangrove were present, one of which is no longer found in the area. Tamarisk and Ziziph…
Archaeobotanical results from Sarazm, Tajikistan, an Early Bronze Age Settlement on the edge
Sarazm is an agricultural settlement located in the Zerafshan Valley of northwestern Tajikistan; it was occupied from the fourth to the end of the third millennia BC. Located on the northeastern edge of a chain of agricultural settlements (Namazga IV) that span the northern foothill ecotone of the Kopet Dag, Sarazm sat on a crossroads of exchange and interaction. Being at the eastern extremity of this chain of sedentary villages, Sarazm is the ke…
The origins of cultivation of Cicer arietinum L. and Vicia faba L
Présence des céréales dans le Néolithique précéramique de Shillourokambos à Chypre
L'identification des végétaux, à partir des restes carbonisés et des empreintes dans le torchis, a mis en évidence l'utilisation des céréales à Shillourokambos dès la fin du 9e millénaire cal. ВС. Les analyses, encore préliminaires, montrent l'utilisation d'une orge à morphologie sauvage pour la phase ancienne A. L'amidonnier est présent également mais, pour l'instant, ses restes ne permettent pas la distinction entre le statut, domestique ou sau…
Exploitation des espèces ligneuses au Proche-Orient
Les données récentes des analyses anthracologiques provenant des sites du Proche et Moyen-Orient montrent que la zone de forêt-steppe pénétrait au Néolithique dans la zone de la steppe actuelle. Les données sont incomplètes, mais une corrélation avec les données carpologiques et palynologiques vient à l'appui de cette interprétation. Des importations de bois pourraient être responsables de la présence de quelques taxons à faible fréquence : duran…
A History of Deforestation as Indicated by Charcoal Analysis of Four Sites in Eastern Anatolia
During the 1972 season of the Aşvan excavations (see French, 1973, p. 77) it was decided that, given the huge quantity of charcoal recovered (292 samples) from the four sites by water-sieving and trench sampling from strata which cover a period of c. 4,500–5,000 years, an analysis of the charcoals would prove revealing. Part of the aim of the research is to evaluate what information is available from charcoals recovered by modern methods, and to …
L'Homme et son environnement au Levant Nord entre 30 000 et 7 500 BP
L'article traite de l'exploitation par l'homme de son environnement végétal et animal en Syrie et au Liban, du Paléolithique supérieur au premier Néolithique avec céramique, en insistant sur les données nouvelles apportées par les fouilles récentes sur le Moyen Euphrate et dans le Désert syrien, il apparaît que la Syrie intérieure n'a pas été aussi dépeuplée qu'on ne l'a dit à la fin du Pléistocène. Grâce à de nouvelles fouilles et datations, les…
Exotic plants from Roman waterlogged sites in London
Searching for the origins of arable weeds in the Near East
Jerf el Ahmar
Jerf el Ahmar dated to early tenth millenium BP (PPNA) lies on two natural mounds on the east bank of the Euphrates in northern Syria. Excavations revealed the architectural remains of several buildings representing a number of phases. A transition between round houses and rectangular houses was observed through out the sequence. Flint tools resemble those from Mureybet III, and include arrow heads, scrapers and blades wich a "polish". Impression…
A bioarchaeological investigation of three late Chalcolithic pits at Ovçular Tepesi (Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan)
Socio-economic organisation, subsistence strategies and environmental exploitation still remain largely open questions for the Late Chalcolithic period (ca. 4500–3500 BC) in southern Caucasus even though they are of prime importance for understanding the development of post-Neolithic societies in these semi-arid and mountainous areas. Interdisciplinary bioarchaeological research can, however, provide valuable new insights into these issues. In th…
Excavations in the City of London
The Department of Urban Archaeology, City of London, was set up in December 1973 as part of Guildhall Museum, now the Museum of London. Since then it has excavated sixteen sites and carried out numerous watching briefs. Most of the formal excavations have been conducted on the vital waterfront sites, made available for the first time, and on the Roman and medieval defences of the City. Important evidence of the elusive Saxon occupation is gradual…
Sowing, harvesting and tilling at the end of the Pleistocene/beginning of the Holocene in northern Syria
Anthropogenic origin of siliceous scoria droplets from Pleistocene and Holocene archaeological sites in northern Syria
From collecting to cultivation
L'habitat néolithique pré-céramique de Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre)
Guilaine Jean, Briois François, Vigne Jean-Denis, Carrère Isabelle, De Chazelles Claire-Anne, Collonge Juliette, Gazzal Handi, Gérard Patrice, Haye Laurent, Manen Claire, Perrin Thomas, Willcox George. L'habitat néolithique pré-céramique de Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre). In: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 126, livraison 2, 2002. pp. 590-597
A History of Deforestation as Indicated by Charcoal Analysis of Four Sites in Eastern Anatolia
During the 1972 season of the Aşvan excavations (see French, 1973, p. 77) it was decided that, given the huge quantity of charcoal recovered (292 samples) from the four sites by water-sieving and trench sampling from strata which cover a period of c. 4,500–5,000 years, an analysis of the charcoals would prove revealing. Part of the aim of the research is to evaluate what information is available from charcoals recovered by modern methods, and to …
Exotic plants from Roman waterlogged sites in London
Excavations in the City of London
The Department of Urban Archaeology, City of London, was set up in December 1973 as part of Guildhall Museum, now the Museum of London. Since then it has excavated sixteen sites and carried out numerous watching briefs. Most of the formal excavations have been conducted on the vital waterfront sites, made available for the first time, and on the Roman and medieval defences of the City. Important evidence of the elusive Saxon occupation is gradual…
Exploitation des espèces ligneuses au Proche-Orient
Les données récentes des analyses anthracologiques provenant des sites du Proche et Moyen-Orient montrent que la zone de forêt-steppe pénétrait au Néolithique dans la zone de la steppe actuelle. Les données sont incomplètes, mais une corrélation avec les données carpologiques et palynologiques vient à l'appui de cette interprétation. Des importations de bois pourraient être responsables de la présence de quelques taxons à faible fréquence : duran…
Preliminary report on the archaeobotanical investigations at Tell Abraq with special attention to chaff impressions in mud brick
Examination of impressions from chaff‐tempered mud brick proved rewarding, given the poor preservation of carbonised seed and grain material at Tell Abraq. Individual chaff elements were found to be recognisable from the impressions and it was shown that naked wheat and barley chaff were used as a tempering medium. Charcoal samples indicate that two species of mangrove were present, one of which is no longer found in the area. Tamarisk and Ziziph…
Evidence for plant exploitation and vegetation history from three Early Neolithic pre-pottery sites on the Euphrates (Syria)
Jerf el Ahmar
Jerf el Ahmar dated to early tenth millenium BP (PPNA) lies on two natural mounds on the east bank of the Euphrates in northern Syria. Excavations revealed the architectural remains of several buildings representing a number of phases. A transition between round houses and rectangular houses was observed through out the sequence. Flint tools resemble those from Mureybet III, and include arrow heads, scrapers and blades wich a "polish". Impression…
L'Homme et son environnement au Levant Nord entre 30 000 et 7 500 BP
L'article traite de l'exploitation par l'homme de son environnement végétal et animal en Syrie et au Liban, du Paléolithique supérieur au premier Néolithique avec céramique, en insistant sur les données nouvelles apportées par les fouilles récentes sur le Moyen Euphrate et dans le Désert syrien, il apparaît que la Syrie intérieure n'a pas été aussi dépeuplée qu'on ne l'a dit à la fin du Pléistocène. Grâce à de nouvelles fouilles et datations, les…
L'habitat néolithique de Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre)
Guilaine Jean, Briois François, Vigne Jean-Denis, Carrère Isabelle, Willcox George, Duchesne Sophie. L'habitat néolithique de Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre). In: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 124, livraison 2, 2000. pp. 589-594
Présence des céréales dans le Néolithique précéramique de Shillourokambos à Chypre
L'identification des végétaux, à partir des restes carbonisés et des empreintes dans le torchis, a mis en évidence l'utilisation des céréales à Shillourokambos dès la fin du 9e millénaire cal. ВС. Les analyses, encore préliminaires, montrent l'utilisation d'une orge à morphologie sauvage pour la phase ancienne A. L'amidonnier est présent également mais, pour l'instant, ses restes ne permettent pas la distinction entre le statut, domestique ou sau…
L'habitat néolithique pré-céramique de Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre)
Guilaine Jean, Briois François, Carrère Isabelle, Crubezy Éric, Giraud Thierry, Philibert Sylvie, Vigne Jean-Denis, Willcox George. L'habitat néolithique pré-céramique de Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre) . In: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 125, livraison 2, 2001. pp. 649-654
L'habitat néolithique pré-céramique de Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre)
Guilaine Jean, Briois François, Vigne Jean-Denis, Carrère Isabelle, De Chazelles Claire-Anne, Collonge Juliette, Gazzal Handi, Gérard Patrice, Haye Laurent, Manen Claire, Perrin Thomas, Willcox George. L'habitat néolithique pré-céramique de Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre). In: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 126, livraison 2, 2002. pp. 590-597
Measuring grain size and identifying Near Eastern cereal domestication
Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre)
Guilaine Jean, Briois François, Vigne Jean-Denis, Perrin Thomas, Manen Claire, Carrère Isabelle, Gérard Patrice, Béliez Yann, De Chazelles Claire-Anne, Gazzal Handi, Lenorzer Sandrine, Willcox George. Shillourokambos (Parekklisha, Chypre). In: Bulletin de correspondance hellénique. Volume 127, livraison 2, 2003. pp. 564-573
The origins of cultivation of Cicer arietinum L. and Vicia faba L
The distribution, natural habitats and availability of wild cereals in relation to their domestication in the Near East
How Fast Was Wild Wheat Domesticated?
Prehistoric cultivation of wild wheat in the Fertile Crescent led to the selection of mutants with indehiscent (nonshattering) ears, which evolved into modern domestic wheat. Previous estimates suggested that this transformation was rapid, but our analyses of archaeological plant remains demonstrate that indehiscent domesticates were slow to appear, emerging ~9500 years before the present, and that dehiscent (shattering) forms were still common i…
Early Holocene cultivation before domestication in northern Syria
The earliest finds of cultivated plants in Armenia
Late Pleistocene and early Holocene climate and the beginnings of cultivation in northern Syria
Climate change has been interpreted as a contributing factor to the emergence of agriculture in the Near East. We examine how climate change may have affected the availability of food plants and their cultivation in northern Syria at the end of the Pleistocene and the beginning of the Holocene. Charred plant remains from sites representing 11 archaeological levels indicate that during the late Pleistocene rye was commonly used, together with seed…
Searching for the origins of arable weeds in the Near East
Distinguishing wild and domestic wheat and barley spikelets from early Holocene sites in the Near East
Cultivation and domestication had multiple origins
This paper debates claims that plant domestication occurred rapidly in a single restricted sub-section of the Near Eastern Fertile Crescent. Instead we argue for numerous parallel processes of domestication across the region in the Early Holocene. While a previous generation of genetic results seemed to support a single 'core area', the accumulation of genetic evidence and refinements in methods undermine this, pointing increasingly towards multi…
Early agricultural pathways
The origins of agriculture in the Near East has been associated with a 'core area', located in south-eastern Turkey, in which all major crops were brought into domestication within the same local domestication system operated by a single cultural group. Such an origin leads to a scenario of rapid invention of agriculture by a select cultural group and typically monophyletic origins for most crops. Surprisingly, support for a core area has never b…
First wave of cultivators spread to Cyprus at least 10,600 y ago
Early Neolithic sedentary villagers started cultivating wild cereals in the Near East 11,500 y ago [Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA)]. Recent discoveries indicated that Cyprus was frequented by Late PPNA people, but the earliest evidence until now for both the use of cereals and Neolithic villages on the island dates to 10,400 y ago. Here we present the recent archaeological excavation at Klimonas, which demonstrates that established villagers were…
Geography (33 obras) · Archaeology (29 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (27 obras) · Agriculture (19 obras) · Biology (17 obras) · Domestication (13 obras) · Ecology (13 obras) · Ancient Near East History (12 obras) · Ancient Mediterranean Archaeology and History (10 obras) · Art (9 obras)