Bjorn H Strand
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 293377 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Bjorn H Strand |
| NOMBRES | Bjorn H |
| APELLIDO | Strand |
| FIRMA | STRAND B H |
| AFILIACIONES | Norwegian Institute of Public Health |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-4385-8886 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 31 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 73 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2003 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Changes in survival probabilities and mortality risks among population living with Down syndrome born 1967–2018
While medical advancements and increased awareness have improved the life expectancy of individuals with Down syndrome (DS), studies on cohort-specific differences in mortality risk and long-term survival outcomes among individuals with DS remain limited. We assessed cohort differences in survival probabilities and mortality risk among individuals with DS born 1967–2018, using Norwegian national registry data. Utilizing the Medical Birth Registry…
Mediators of educational differences in dementia risk later in life
Despite a well-known inverse association between education and dementia risk, the mediating mechanisms are not well understood. We explored how lifestyle and health risk factors across the life-course mediate the relationship between education and dementia among adults aged 70 + years. We included 7,655 participants with dementia diagnoses and education information, using a historical cohort design linking prospective exposure data across the lif…
Health-promoting behaviors in older adulthood and intrinsic capacity 10 years later
Health-promoting behaviors in old age are associated with better intrinsic capacity ten years later. In clinical settings assessment of health-promoting behaviors could potentially be done using short questionnaires
Marital Histories and Associations With Later-Life Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment Risk in the Hunt4 70+ Study in Norway
Objectives: Earlier studies suggest that being married in later life protects against dementia, and that being single in old age increases the risk of dementia. In this study, we examine midlife marital status trajectories and their association with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at ages 70 plus using a large population based sample from Norway. Methods: Based on a general population sample linked to population registries ( N = 8706…
Determinants of educational inequalities in disability-free life expectancy between ages 35 and 80 in Europe
Socioeconomic inequalities in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) exist across all European countries, yet the driving determinants of these differences are not completely known. We calculated the impact on educational inequalities in DFLE of equalizing the distribution of eight risk factors for mortality and disability using register-based mortality data and survey data from 15 European countries for individuals between 35 and 80 years old. F…
Cohort profile
NORSE participants have allowed their data to be linked to National registry data and midlife health examination studies and thereby provide a longitudinal design as well as information on disability status, socioeconomic status, household and marital status, support to/from children and parents, and pension status
Women’s spousal choices and a man’s handshake
Both high grip strength and being married independently relate to better functional capacity and health at older ages, but the combined effect of marital status and strength have not been investigated. Especially at older ages, declining strength can have adverse health and social consequences, where having a spouse could potentially help with everyday support and alleviate some of the negative effects of sarcopenia. We investigate how grip stren…
Changes in mortality inequalities over two decades
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether government efforts in reducing inequalities in health in European countries have actually made a difference to mortality inequalities by socioeconomic group. DESIGN: Register based study. DATA SOURCE: Mortality data by level of education and occupational class in the period 1990-2010, usually collected in a census linked longitudinal study design. We compared changes in mortality between the lowest and highest soci…
Can socioeconomic factors explain geographic variation in overweight in Norway
We explore if the geographic variation in excess body-mass in Norway can be explained by socioeconomic status, as this has consequences for public policy. The analysis was based on individual height and weight for 198,311 Norwegian youth in 2011, 2012 and 2013, stemming from a compulsory screening for military service, which covers the whole population aged seventeen. These data were merged with municipality-level socioeconomic status (SES) varia…
The association of grip strength from midlife onwards with all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 17 years of follow-up in the Tromsø Study
BACKGROUND: Grip strength has consistently been found to predict all-cause mortality rates. However, few studies have examined cause-specific mortality or tested age differences in these associations. METHODS: In 1994, grip strength was measured in the population-based Tromsø Study, covering the ages 50-80 years (N=6850). Grip strength was categorised into fifths, and as z-scores. In this cohort study, models with all-cause mortality and deaths f…
Differences in all-cause mortality
Differences in all-cause mortality between immigrants and host populations may provide insight into health inequities that could be reduced
How much of the variation in mortality across Norwegian municipalities is explained by the socio-demographic characteristics of the population
Trends in inequalities in premature mortality
BACKGROUND: Over the last decades of the 20th century, a widening of the gap in death rates between upper and lower socioeconomic groups has been reported for many European countries. For most countries, it is unknown whether this widening has continued into the first decade of the 21st century. METHODS: We collected and harmonised data on mortality by educational level among men and women aged 30-74 years in all countries with available data: Fi…
The educational gradient in coronary heart disease
BACKGROUND: Independently of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, cognitive ability may account for some of the excess risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) associated with lower education. We aimed to assess how late adolescence cognitive ability and midlife CVD risk factors are associated with the educational gradient in CHD in Norway. METHODS: In a cohort of 57 279 men born during 1949-1959, health survey information was linked to militar…
Educational inequalities in obesity and gross domestic product
BACKGROUND: We test the reversal hypothesis, which suggests that the relationship between obesity and education depends on the economic development in the country; in poor countries, obesity is more prevalent in the higher educated groups, while in rich countries the association is reversed-higher prevalence in the lower educated. METHODS: We assembled a data set on obesity and education including 412,921 individuals from 70 countries in the peri…
Important periods of weight development in childhood
A high birth weight and an increasing BMI SDS during the first 9 months and high BMI from 2 years of age proved important landmarks for the onset of being overweight at 8 years of age. The risks of being overweight at 8 years appear to start very early. Interventions to prevent children becoming overweight should not only start at a very early age but also include the prenatal stage
Trends in educational inequalities in cause specific mortality in Norway from 1960 to 2010
In men, absolute inequalities in mortality have stopped increasing, seemingly due to reduction in inequalities in CVD mortality. Absolute inequality in mortality continues to widen among women, mostly due to death from lung cancer and chronic lung disease. Relative educational inequalities in mortality are still on the rise for Norwegian men and women
Impact of instrument error on the estimated prevalence of overweight and obesity in population-based surveys
Failure to calibrate measuring instruments is likely to lead to overestimation of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in population-based surveys
Adiposity among children in Norway by urbanity and maternal education
In this nationally representative study, children living rurally and children of low-educated mothers had higher mean BMI and waist circumference than children living in more urban areas and children of higher educated mothers
The potential impact of a social redistribution of specific risk factors on socioeconomic inequalities in mortality
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic differences in health are a major challenge for public health. However, realistic estimates to what extent they are modifiable are scarce. This problem can be met through the systematic application of the population attributable fraction (PAF) to socioeconomic health inequalities. METHODS: The authors used cause-specific mortality data by educational level from Belgium, Norway and Czech Republic and data on the prevalenc…
Trends in educational inequalities in old age mortality in Norway 1961−2009
While relative educational inequalities in old age mortality increased for both genders, absolute educational inequalities increased only temporarily in men and changed little among women. Our study show the importance of including absolute measures in inequality research in order to present a more complete picture of the burden of inequalities to policy makers. As even in older ages, inequalities represent an unexploited potential to public heal…
Trends in absolute and relative educational inequalities in four modifiable ischaemic heart disease risk factors
Widening absolute educational inequalities in smoking and diabetes over the last three decades gives rise to concern. The mechanisms behind these results are less clear, and future studies are needed to assess if educational inequalities in secondary prevention of IHD are larger compared to educational inequalities in primary prevention of IHD. Continued monitoring of IHD risk factors at the population level is therefore warranted. The results em…
Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality from conditions amenable to medical interventions
We did not find evidence that inequalities in mortality from amenable conditions are related to inequalities in access or quality of health care. Further research is needed to find the causes of socio-economic inequalities in mortality from amenable conditions, and caution should be exercised in interpreting these inequalities as indicating health care deficiencies
Childhood social class and adult adiposity and blood-pressure trajectories 36–53 years
BACKGROUND: In this study, the authors investigate gender-specific effects of childhood socio-economic position (SEP) on adiposity and blood pressure at three time points in adulthood. METHODS: Mixed models were used to assess the association of childhood SEP with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at ages 36, 43 and 53 years in a British birth cohort. RESULTS: The adverse …
Childhood, adolescent and early adult body mass index in relation to adult mortality
BACKGROUND: Adult body mass index (BMI) has been consistently related to mortality, but little is known about the impact of earlier life BMI on adult mortality. The aim is to investigate the impact of childhood, adolescent and early adult BMI on premature adult all-cause mortality. METHODS: The British 1946 cohort study was used to assess the association of BMI in childhood, adolescence and adulthood with mortality 26-60 years (332 deaths). 4462 …
Trends in inequalities in premature mortality
BACKGROUND: Over the last decades of the 20th century, a widening of the gap in death rates between upper and lower socioeconomic groups has been reported for many European countries. For most countries, it is unknown whether this widening has continued into the first decade of the 21st century. METHODS: We collected and harmonised data on mortality by educational level among men and women aged 30-74 years in all countries with available data: Fi…
Can cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle explain the educational inequalities in mortality from ischaemic heart disease and from other heart diseases? 26 year follow up of 50 000 Norwegian men an…
Objective: Investigate the degree to which smoking, physical activity, marital status, BMI, blood pressure, and cholesterol explain the association between educational level and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) mortality and other forms of cardiovascular mortality, with main focus on IHD mortality. Design: Prospective health examination survey study conducted in the period 1974–78. Setting: Oppland, Sogn og Fjordane, and Finnmark counties in Norway.…
Childhood socioeconomic status and suicide mortality in early adulthood among Norwegian men and women. A prospective study of Norwegians born between 1955 and 1965 followed for suicide from 1990 to 20…
Differences in all-cause mortality
Differences in all-cause mortality between immigrants and host populations may provide insight into health inequities that could be reduced
Childhood social class and adult adiposity and blood-pressure trajectories 36–53 years
BACKGROUND: In this study, the authors investigate gender-specific effects of childhood socio-economic position (SEP) on adiposity and blood pressure at three time points in adulthood. METHODS: Mixed models were used to assess the association of childhood SEP with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at ages 36, 43 and 53 years in a British birth cohort. RESULTS: The adverse …
Educational inequalities in obesity and gross domestic product
BACKGROUND: We test the reversal hypothesis, which suggests that the relationship between obesity and education depends on the economic development in the country; in poor countries, obesity is more prevalent in the higher educated groups, while in rich countries the association is reversed-higher prevalence in the lower educated. METHODS: We assembled a data set on obesity and education including 412,921 individuals from 70 countries in the peri…
The association of grip strength from midlife onwards with all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 17 years of follow-up in the Tromsø Study
BACKGROUND: Grip strength has consistently been found to predict all-cause mortality rates. However, few studies have examined cause-specific mortality or tested age differences in these associations. METHODS: In 1994, grip strength was measured in the population-based Tromsø Study, covering the ages 50-80 years (N=6850). Grip strength was categorised into fifths, and as z-scores. In this cohort study, models with all-cause mortality and deaths f…
The potential impact of a social redistribution of specific risk factors on socioeconomic inequalities in mortality
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic differences in health are a major challenge for public health. However, realistic estimates to what extent they are modifiable are scarce. This problem can be met through the systematic application of the population attributable fraction (PAF) to socioeconomic health inequalities. METHODS: The authors used cause-specific mortality data by educational level from Belgium, Norway and Czech Republic and data on the prevalenc…
Childhood, adolescent and early adult body mass index in relation to adult mortality
BACKGROUND: Adult body mass index (BMI) has been consistently related to mortality, but little is known about the impact of earlier life BMI on adult mortality. The aim is to investigate the impact of childhood, adolescent and early adult BMI on premature adult all-cause mortality. METHODS: The British 1946 cohort study was used to assess the association of BMI in childhood, adolescence and adulthood with mortality 26-60 years (332 deaths). 4462 …
Childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position across 20 causes of death
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position (SEP) across 20 causes of death in a large population-wide sample of Norwegian men and women. METHODS: Census data on parental occupational class from 1960 and data from the tax register on household income in 1990 were linked to the death register for 1990-2001, and 20 causes of death were studied. Relative indices of inequalities were computed. Norwegians in the a…
Marital Histories and Associations With Later-Life Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment Risk in the Hunt4 70+ Study in Norway
Objectives: Earlier studies suggest that being married in later life protects against dementia, and that being single in old age increases the risk of dementia. In this study, we examine midlife marital status trajectories and their association with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) at ages 70 plus using a large population based sample from Norway. Methods: Based on a general population sample linked to population registries ( N = 8706…
How much of the variation in mortality across Norwegian municipalities is explained by the socio-demographic characteristics of the population
The educational gradient in coronary heart disease
BACKGROUND: Independently of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, cognitive ability may account for some of the excess risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) associated with lower education. We aimed to assess how late adolescence cognitive ability and midlife CVD risk factors are associated with the educational gradient in CHD in Norway. METHODS: In a cohort of 57 279 men born during 1949-1959, health survey information was linked to militar…
Measuring the mental health status of the Norwegian population
A great number of questionnaires and instruments have been developed in order to measure psychological distress/mental health problems in populations. The Survey of Level of Living in 1998 conducted by Statistics Norway used both Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-25) and the Short Form 36 (SF-36), including the five-item mental health index (MHI-5). Five-item and 10-item versions of the SCL-25 have also been used in Norwegian surveys. The purpose of…
Can cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle explain the educational inequalities in mortality from ischaemic heart disease and from other heart diseases? 26 year follow up of 50 000 Norwegian men an…
Objective: Investigate the degree to which smoking, physical activity, marital status, BMI, blood pressure, and cholesterol explain the association between educational level and ischaemic heart disease (IHD) mortality and other forms of cardiovascular mortality, with main focus on IHD mortality. Design: Prospective health examination survey study conducted in the period 1974–78. Setting: Oppland, Sogn og Fjordane, and Finnmark counties in Norway.…
Childhood socioeconomic status and suicide mortality in early adulthood among Norwegian men and women. A prospective study of Norwegians born between 1955 and 1965 followed for suicide from 1990 to 20…
Childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position across 20 causes of death
OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position (SEP) across 20 causes of death in a large population-wide sample of Norwegian men and women. METHODS: Census data on parental occupational class from 1960 and data from the tax register on household income in 1990 were linked to the death register for 1990-2001, and 20 causes of death were studied. Relative indices of inequalities were computed. Norwegians in the a…
Body mass index through life and adult mortality
Results: In terms of incidence, in 1980, the overall ASR varied widely across countries, ranging from 18 per 100 000 in Belarus to 309 per 100 000 in Switzerland. Between 1980 and 2002, prostate cancer incidence increased in all 20 countries. The OPC was the smallest in Denmark (+40%) and highest in Italy (+336%). Generally, countries with lower incidence in early years had the highest OPCs. In North-America and Australia incidence peaked around …
More variation in lifespan in lower educated groups
BACKGROUND: Whereas it is well established that people with a lower socio-economic position have a shorter average lifespan, it is less clear what the variability surrounding these averages is. We set out to examine whether lower educated groups face greater variation in lifespans in addition to having a shorter life expectancy, in order to identify entry points for policies to reduce the impact of socio-economic position on mortality. METHODS: W…
Trends in educational inequalities in old age mortality in Norway 1961−2009
While relative educational inequalities in old age mortality increased for both genders, absolute educational inequalities increased only temporarily in men and changed little among women. Our study show the importance of including absolute measures in inequality research in order to present a more complete picture of the burden of inequalities to policy makers. As even in older ages, inequalities represent an unexploited potential to public heal…
Trends in absolute and relative educational inequalities in four modifiable ischaemic heart disease risk factors
Widening absolute educational inequalities in smoking and diabetes over the last three decades gives rise to concern. The mechanisms behind these results are less clear, and future studies are needed to assess if educational inequalities in secondary prevention of IHD are larger compared to educational inequalities in primary prevention of IHD. Continued monitoring of IHD risk factors at the population level is therefore warranted. The results em…
Socioeconomic inequalities in mortality from conditions amenable to medical interventions
We did not find evidence that inequalities in mortality from amenable conditions are related to inequalities in access or quality of health care. Further research is needed to find the causes of socio-economic inequalities in mortality from amenable conditions, and caution should be exercised in interpreting these inequalities as indicating health care deficiencies
Childhood social class and adult adiposity and blood-pressure trajectories 36–53 years
BACKGROUND: In this study, the authors investigate gender-specific effects of childhood socio-economic position (SEP) on adiposity and blood pressure at three time points in adulthood. METHODS: Mixed models were used to assess the association of childhood SEP with body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) at ages 36, 43 and 53 years in a British birth cohort. RESULTS: The adverse …
Childhood, adolescent and early adult body mass index in relation to adult mortality
BACKGROUND: Adult body mass index (BMI) has been consistently related to mortality, but little is known about the impact of earlier life BMI on adult mortality. The aim is to investigate the impact of childhood, adolescent and early adult BMI on premature adult all-cause mortality. METHODS: The British 1946 cohort study was used to assess the association of BMI in childhood, adolescence and adulthood with mortality 26-60 years (332 deaths). 4462 …
Impact of instrument error on the estimated prevalence of overweight and obesity in population-based surveys
Failure to calibrate measuring instruments is likely to lead to overestimation of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in population-based surveys
Adiposity among children in Norway by urbanity and maternal education
In this nationally representative study, children living rurally and children of low-educated mothers had higher mean BMI and waist circumference than children living in more urban areas and children of higher educated mothers
The potential impact of a social redistribution of specific risk factors on socioeconomic inequalities in mortality
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic differences in health are a major challenge for public health. However, realistic estimates to what extent they are modifiable are scarce. This problem can be met through the systematic application of the population attributable fraction (PAF) to socioeconomic health inequalities. METHODS: The authors used cause-specific mortality data by educational level from Belgium, Norway and Czech Republic and data on the prevalenc…
Important periods of weight development in childhood
A high birth weight and an increasing BMI SDS during the first 9 months and high BMI from 2 years of age proved important landmarks for the onset of being overweight at 8 years of age. The risks of being overweight at 8 years appear to start very early. Interventions to prevent children becoming overweight should not only start at a very early age but also include the prenatal stage
Trends in educational inequalities in cause specific mortality in Norway from 1960 to 2010
In men, absolute inequalities in mortality have stopped increasing, seemingly due to reduction in inequalities in CVD mortality. Absolute inequality in mortality continues to widen among women, mostly due to death from lung cancer and chronic lung disease. Relative educational inequalities in mortality are still on the rise for Norwegian men and women
How much of the variation in mortality across Norwegian municipalities is explained by the socio-demographic characteristics of the population
Trends in inequalities in premature mortality
BACKGROUND: Over the last decades of the 20th century, a widening of the gap in death rates between upper and lower socioeconomic groups has been reported for many European countries. For most countries, it is unknown whether this widening has continued into the first decade of the 21st century. METHODS: We collected and harmonised data on mortality by educational level among men and women aged 30-74 years in all countries with available data: Fi…
The educational gradient in coronary heart disease
BACKGROUND: Independently of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, cognitive ability may account for some of the excess risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) associated with lower education. We aimed to assess how late adolescence cognitive ability and midlife CVD risk factors are associated with the educational gradient in CHD in Norway. METHODS: In a cohort of 57 279 men born during 1949-1959, health survey information was linked to militar…
Educational inequalities in obesity and gross domestic product
BACKGROUND: We test the reversal hypothesis, which suggests that the relationship between obesity and education depends on the economic development in the country; in poor countries, obesity is more prevalent in the higher educated groups, while in rich countries the association is reversed-higher prevalence in the lower educated. METHODS: We assembled a data set on obesity and education including 412,921 individuals from 70 countries in the peri…
Changes in mortality inequalities over two decades
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether government efforts in reducing inequalities in health in European countries have actually made a difference to mortality inequalities by socioeconomic group. DESIGN: Register based study. DATA SOURCE: Mortality data by level of education and occupational class in the period 1990-2010, usually collected in a census linked longitudinal study design. We compared changes in mortality between the lowest and highest soci…
Can socioeconomic factors explain geographic variation in overweight in Norway
We explore if the geographic variation in excess body-mass in Norway can be explained by socioeconomic status, as this has consequences for public policy. The analysis was based on individual height and weight for 198,311 Norwegian youth in 2011, 2012 and 2013, stemming from a compulsory screening for military service, which covers the whole population aged seventeen. These data were merged with municipality-level socioeconomic status (SES) varia…
The association of grip strength from midlife onwards with all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 17 years of follow-up in the Tromsø Study
BACKGROUND: Grip strength has consistently been found to predict all-cause mortality rates. However, few studies have examined cause-specific mortality or tested age differences in these associations. METHODS: In 1994, grip strength was measured in the population-based Tromsø Study, covering the ages 50-80 years (N=6850). Grip strength was categorised into fifths, and as z-scores. In this cohort study, models with all-cause mortality and deaths f…
Differences in all-cause mortality
Differences in all-cause mortality between immigrants and host populations may provide insight into health inequities that could be reduced
Women’s spousal choices and a man’s handshake
Both high grip strength and being married independently relate to better functional capacity and health at older ages, but the combined effect of marital status and strength have not been investigated. Especially at older ages, declining strength can have adverse health and social consequences, where having a spouse could potentially help with everyday support and alleviate some of the negative effects of sarcopenia. We investigate how grip stren…
Demography (27 obras) · Medicine (27 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (23 obras) · Population (20 obras) · Gerontology (17 obras) · Internal Medicine (15 obras) · Demography (14 obras) · Environmental health (14 obras) · Biostatistics (10 obras) · Inequality (10 obras)