Ernest L Abel
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 293713 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Ernest L Abel |
| NOMBRES | Ernest L |
| APELLIDO | Abel |
| FIRMA | ABEL E L |
| AFILIACIONES | Wayne State University |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 52 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 26 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 52 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1968 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2013 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Dickensian Eponyms
Charles Dickens created almost a thousand fictional characters, many of whom have become synonyms for distinctive types of people or their pecu- liar traits. This article surveys seventeen Dickensian eponyms, cites their first appearance as such, and provides examples of their usage in magazines, books, and the Internet
Jewish Denominations and Longevity
This study examined the relationship between affiliation with one of three denominations within Judaism representing a conservative-liberal continuum of Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform Judaism. The criterion for affiliation was burial in a cemetery maintained by these denominations. Longevities of married congregants born 1850-1910 were compared, controlling for birth year. Orthodox Jews had the shortest life spans (77 years); Conservative and…
A Relative Age Effect in Men's but Not Women's Professional Baseball
Birthdates of professional female and male baseball players active from 1943 to 1954 (the beginning and final years for professional female leagues) were matched for year of birth and league years and then compared by birth quarters, with a cutoff date beginning August 1. A relative age effect was noted for males, as there was a significantly different distribution of players across birth quarter, but there was no such effect for female professio…
Facial Resemblances between Heterosexual, Gay, and Lesbian Couples
Researchers have noted a physical resemblance (homophily) between human sex partners. To date, these studies and their related interpretations have been based on heterosexual couples. The present study compared physical resemblances between gay, lesbian, and heterosexual couples, using 40 photographs of each from national newspapers, which were rated by 34 men and 56 women (M age = 53 yr., SD = 12.1). Half the photographs were of actual couples a…
Taking Thy Husband's Name
This study examined the influence of religion on women's decision to retain their birth names after marriage. Samples (N = 2575) were derived from wedding announcements in the New York Times, a major US newspaper. Multivariate analysis, controlling for age and year of marriage, indicated that the net effect of religion accounted for 2.6 percent of the likelihood of name keeping (p<.001). The highest percentage of women retaining birth names were …
Human Left-Sided Cradling Preferences for Dogs 1
Photographs of men and women holding dogs were analyzed for side-holding preferences. A significant majority of women in dog-themed magazines held dogs on their left sides, similar to reports of women holding infants. Men did not show the same left-sided preference, which is also consistent with other studies. The implications of these results for various hypotheses about infant cradling behavior were discussed
Human Left-Sided Cradling Preferences for Dogs
Photographs of men and women holding dogs were analyzed for side-holding preferences. A significant majority of women in dog-themed magazines held dogs on their left sides, similar to reports of women holding infants. Men did not show the same left-sided preference, which is also consistent with other studies. The implications of these results for various hypotheses about infant cradling behavior were discussed
Birth Month Affects Longevity
The authors examined the association between birth month and longevity for major league baseball players. Players born in the month of November had the greatest longevities whereas those born in June had the shortest life spans. These differences remained after controlling for covariates such as birth year, career length, age at debut, height, and player position. The authors determined that the most likely explanation is that those born during s…
Influence of Names on Career Choices in Medicine
Three studies showed that medical doctors and lawyers were disproportionately more likely to have surnames that resembled their professions. A fourth study showed that, for doctors, this influence extended to the type of medicine they practiced. Study 1 found that people with the surname "Doctor" were more likely to be doctors than lawyers, whereas those with the surname "Lawyer" were more likely to be lawyers. Studies 2 and 3 broadened this find…
The Widowhood Effect
Using mortality data derived from tombstones in two Midwestern cemeteries, we compared the "widowhood effect" (decreased survival following the death of a spouse) among Jews and Catholics. Jewish men and women were both more likely to die sooner after the death of their spouses compared to Catholic men and women. Life table survival analysis indicated that the median number of years of survival following widowhood for Catholic and Jewish men were…
Athletes, Doctors, and Lawyers with First Names Beginning with “D” Die Sooner
For many people, names have symbolic power that extends to their timing of death. This study examined the relationship between the symbolic significance of the first letters in the names of professional athletes (baseball, football, hockey, and basketball) and their longevity. A similar analysis was performed for doctors (radiologists, dermatologists, obstetricians/gynecologists) and lawyers for comparison purposes. There was a progressive decrea…
Mortality Salience of Birthdays on Day of Death in the Major Leagues
The authors assessed the relationship of mortality salience, as represented by birthdays, on the day of death. Preliminary studies considered the role of possible artifacts such as seasonality of birth and death, and time units for evaluation. On the basis of terror management theory's concept of "mortality salience," the authors hypothesized that famous people, in this case Major League Baseball (MLB) players, would be more likely to die on or a…
Women Who Fight
Although only recently legalized in many countries, women's boxing is gaining increasing worldwide popularity. However, participation of women in this hypermasculinized sport is inconsistent with long-standing cultural expectations of femininity. This survey catalogs the nicknames given to women boxers, obtained from two online data bases (Women's Boxing Archive Network; Boxing Encyclopedia) and contends that many of these nicknames are intended …
Changes in Gender Discrimination after Death
Information on tombstones from a large cemetery in New York State were analyzed for gender discrimination. Criteria for gender bias were indications of familial relationships, absence of surnames, and absence of maiden names combined with surname for married women. Overall, females were far more likely to be identified in terms of familial relationships and were far less likely to have their married surname included on their gravestone. However, …
Parrots Are “More Human” than Chickens
Analysis of an Internet database of pets' names showed owners were more likely to give anthropomorphic names to pets living within homes than those living outside
Going to the Devil
After surveying some of the origins for American placenames associated with the Devil, we determined the prevalence of those placenames including their cognates, e.g., Satan or equivalents in other languages, e.g. Diablo, and related terms such as Hell and its synonyms, e.g. Hades, compared to placenames with angel or Heaven and their equivalents, e.g., archangel, Cielo. We found a much higher prevalence of Devil and Hell placenames attached to n…
Age heterogamy and longevity
In most marriages, husbands are older than wives at the time of marriage. The extent of this age difference is referred to as age heterogamy. Studies of age heterogamous marriages have found men and women married to younger spouses live longer than those married to spouses that are the same age at time of marriage. In this study we examined the role of a religious affiliation as a factor in this age heterogamy effect, by comparing Jewish and Chri…
Heaping in Anniversary Reaction Studies
Several studies have reported evidence that death is often associated with significant ceremonial events like holidays and birthdays, a phenomenon variously called the "anniversary reaction," "holiday effect," "birthday blues," etc. This article, using data from the social security death index (SSDI), shows how evidence for this phenomenon can arise from an artifact in death records called "death heaping" in which certain dates, usually the 1st o…
Precocity Predicts Shorter Life for Major League Baseball Players
We tested McCann's precocity-longevity hypothesis, which proposes that early career achievement is related to premature death, for Major League baseball players (N = 3,760). Age at debut was the definition for precocity. We controlled for possible artifacts of life expectancy selection, the "healthy worker" effect, player position, and body-mass index. Statistically significant Pearson correlations occurred between precocity and longevity, and re…
Gender Related Naming Practices
Stereotypic Gender Naming Practices For American And Australian Dogs And Cats
Pets are considered as part of the family in many households. As such, the names people give their pets ought to resemble the names they give their children in terms of sex-stereotypic phonological characteristics. A previous study indicated that this was true for Golden Retriever dogs. The present study determined 1) if such sex stereotyping was true for dogs in general, 2) also extended to cats, and 3) if the same phenomena held for both the Un…
Birds are not More Human than Dogs
This study tested Levi-Strauss's hypothesis that birds are more likely to be given human names than are dogs or other pets. The hypothesis was not supported. Instead, dogs (and cats) are much more likely to be given human names. The results were interpreted in terms of the relationships people feel with different kinds of pets. Pets housed outside the home are least likely to be given human names. Inside the house, pets kept in cages are less lik…
Nicknames Increase Longevity
We investigated the effect of having a nickname on the longevity of major league baseball players. Ages of death, birth year, and career lengths of major league baseball players who debuted prior to 1950 were obtained and we compared longevities of players with nicknames with those who did not have a nickname. After controlling for these factors in analysis of covariance, there was a statistically significant increase in longevity of 2.5 years as…
Educational Attainment and Suicide Rates in the United States
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Educational Attainment and Suicide Rates in the United States
We examined the relationship between educational attainment and suicide rate in the United States for 2001. Suicide rates, adjusted for age, were compared with percentage of college graduates, median household income, and poverty in 50 states in 2001. The correlations of suicide rates with educational attainment and median household income were both negative and statistically significant. Poverty was not significantly related to suicide rates. We…
Alcohol, drugs and murder
The Longevity of Baseball Hall of Famers Compared to Other Players
The authors compared the longevity of all baseball players alive at the time of their induction into the Baseball Hall of Fame with age-matched controls who were likewise alive at the time of the Hall of Famer's induction, and also matched them for career length, player position, and body-mass index, to assess if fame in sports is associated with increased longevity. Median post-induction survival for Hall of Famers was 5 years shorter than for n…
Changes in Gender Discrimination after Death
Information on tombstones from a large cemetery in New York State were analyzed for gender discrimination. Criteria for gender bias were indications of familial relationships, absence of surnames, and absence of maiden names combined with surname for married women. Overall, females were far more likely to be identified in terms of familial relationships and were far less likely to have their married surname included on their gravestone. However, …
Taking Thy Husband's Name
This study examined the influence of religion on women's decision to retain their birth names after marriage. Samples (N = 2575) were derived from wedding announcements in the New York Times, a major US newspaper. Multivariate analysis, controlling for age and year of marriage, indicated that the net effect of religion accounted for 2.6 percent of the likelihood of name keeping (p<.001). The highest percentage of women retaining birth names were …
Birth Month Affects Longevity
The authors examined the association between birth month and longevity for major league baseball players. Players born in the month of November had the greatest longevities whereas those born in June had the shortest life spans. These differences remained after controlling for covariates such as birth year, career length, age at debut, height, and player position. The authors determined that the most likely explanation is that those born during s…
Influence of Names on Career Choices in Medicine
Three studies showed that medical doctors and lawyers were disproportionately more likely to have surnames that resembled their professions. A fourth study showed that, for doctors, this influence extended to the type of medicine they practiced. Study 1 found that people with the surname "Doctor" were more likely to be doctors than lawyers, whereas those with the surname "Lawyer" were more likely to be lawyers. Studies 2 and 3 broadened this find…
Mortality Salience of Birthdays on Day of Death in the Major Leagues
The authors assessed the relationship of mortality salience, as represented by birthdays, on the day of death. Preliminary studies considered the role of possible artifacts such as seasonality of birth and death, and time units for evaluation. On the basis of terror management theory's concept of "mortality salience," the authors hypothesized that famous people, in this case Major League Baseball (MLB) players, would be more likely to die on or a…
Gender Related Naming Practices
Stereotypic Gender Naming Practices For American And Australian Dogs And Cats
Pets are considered as part of the family in many households. As such, the names people give their pets ought to resemble the names they give their children in terms of sex-stereotypic phonological characteristics. A previous study indicated that this was true for Golden Retriever dogs. The present study determined 1) if such sex stereotyping was true for dogs in general, 2) also extended to cats, and 3) if the same phenomena held for both the Un…
Birds are not More Human than Dogs
This study tested Levi-Strauss's hypothesis that birds are more likely to be given human names than are dogs or other pets. The hypothesis was not supported. Instead, dogs (and cats) are much more likely to be given human names. The results were interpreted in terms of the relationships people feel with different kinds of pets. Pets housed outside the home are least likely to be given human names. Inside the house, pets kept in cages are less lik…
Nicknames of American Civil War Generals
This study examines the nicknames of American Civil War Generals. Beyond categorizing these names in terms of “external” physical or behavioral characteristics, and “internal” word play, this analysis offers a context and a semantic paradigm for understanding their referential and expressive aspects, and the prevailing cultural values associated with them. Few Generals were given nicknames. Those that did had to have had some characteristic or ha…
Were the Jews Banished from Rome in 19 A.D
Abel Ernest L. Were the Jews Banished from Rome in 19 A.D. ?. In: Revue des études juives, tome 127, n°4, octobre-décembre 1968. pp. 383-386
The Myth of Jewish Slavery in Ptolemaic Egypt
Abel Ernest L. The Myth of Jewish Slavery in Ptolemaic Egypt. In: Revue des études juives, tome 127, n°2-3, avril-septembre 1968. pp. 253-258
Jesus and the Cause of Jewish National Independence
Abel Ernest L. Jesus and the Cause of Jewish National Independence. In: Revue des études juives, tome 128, n°2-3, avril-septembre 1969. pp. 247-252
The Virgin Birth
Abel Ernest L. The Virgin Birth : Was it a Christian Apologetic ?. In: Revue des études juives, tome 128, n°4, octobre-décembre 1969. pp. 395-399
Who Wrote Matthew
Scholars have noted the imprint of at least three distinctive sources in the gospel of Matthew: the gospel of Mark, the Q document, and material known (or created) only by ‘Matthew’ and commonly designated as M. There is, in addition, evidence suggesting that numerous phrases and sentences have been interpolated into various passages of the original text by different editors of the gospel
The Psychology of Memory and Rumor Transmission and Their Bearing on Theories of Oral Transmission in Early Christianity
Reactions to punishment determined by infant experience with aversive stimulation
The relationship between cannabis and violence
The relationship between cannabis and violence
The Handwriting on the Wall
Fetal alcohol syndrome
The fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a pattern of physical malformations observed in the offspring of women who drink alcohol during pregnancy. The most serious effect of in utero exposure to alcohol is mental retardation. Although the physical characteristics associated with the FAS have been attributed to the direct effects of alcohol, conditions secondary to alcohol intake (e.g., altered nutrition) cannot be eliminated as etiological factors in…
Fetal alcohol syndrome
The Handwriting on the Wall
Behavioral teratology of alcohol
Behavioral teratology of alcohol
Opiates and Sex
Smoking and Pregnancy
Smoking during pregnancy is associated with many adverse outcomes, including fetal and neonatal death. These consequences are tragic in many ways, but perhaps the greatest tragedy is that they are preventable if the smoker ceases to smoke during pregnancy. Although in some instances the so-called constitutional hypothesis is difficult to disprove, the available evidence seems more than convincing that it is smoking itself, and not the smoker's un…
Two Specialty Dictionaries
Alcohol, drugs and murder
Protecting Fetuses from Certain Harm
Deborah Mathieu's proposal for state intervention in the lives of pregnant substance abusers in order to prevent serious harm to their future children sparked a lively debate in this journal. The present discussion characterizes the three main arguments offered against her proposal as (a) the "uncertainty principle"--the inability to predict which fetuses will be affected, (b) the "father factor"--gender bias with respect to prenatal damage, and …
Who Goes Drunk to Bed Begets but a Girl
Journal Article “Who Goes Drunk to Bed Begets but a Girl”: The History of a Renaissance Medical Proverb Get access ERNEST L. ABEL ERNEST L. ABEL Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 1999, Pages 5–22, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/54.1.5 Published: 01 January 1999
Singing the New Nation
An Improved Method for Predicting Which Heavy Drinkers Become Intoxicated
Not all heavy drinkers become intoxicated. We sought to improve predictability of intoxication of heavy drinkers. Based on criteria for heavy drinking in the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (NHSDA), we identified characteristics related to heavy drinking. We then created a dichotomous heavy drinker typology variable (yes/no) and determined how well we were able to identify drinkers who became intoxicated at least twice a month. Of those w…
An Improved Method for Predicting Which Heavy Drinkers Become Intoxicated
Nicknames of American Civil War Generals
This study examines the nicknames of American Civil War Generals. Beyond categorizing these names in terms of “external” physical or behavioral characteristics, and “internal” word play, this analysis offers a context and a semantic paradigm for understanding their referential and expressive aspects, and the prevailing cultural values associated with them. Few Generals were given nicknames. Those that did had to have had some characteristic or ha…
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