Ian Hutchinson
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 299090 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Ian Hutchinson |
| NOMBRES | Ian |
| APELLIDO | Hutchinson |
| FIRMA | HUTCHINSON I |
| AFILIACIONES | Simon Fraser University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6077-0686 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 16 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 32 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 16 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1997 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Indigenous Adaptations to Salmon Run Volatility in the Salish Sea during the Late Holocene
More than a million fish bones have been analyzed from the faunal assemblages in shell middens that mark the location of ancestral Indigenous settlements on the shores of the central reaches of the Salish Sea. Salmon bones, which account for 38% of the identifiable fish remains, are most abundant close to the main migration route of Fraser River sockeye and pink salmon. Salmon bone abundance in the “Marpole” cultural phase from 2400 to 1200 cal B…
Climate Change and Indigenous Subsistence in the Thompson River Watershed (British Columbia) in the Late Holocene
The Indigenous peoples of the Thompson River watershed on the northern Columbia Plateau traditionally subsisted in winter on dried salmon, dried roots and berries from upland meadows, and game. A summed probability distribution (SPDF) based on 54 radiocarbon ages from twenty-eight winter villages and summer fishing camps along that river exhibits volatile activity in anti-phase with an SPDF derived from 77 radiocarbon ages from twenty-six sites i…
Dating Marine Shell
Radiocarbon dates on marine shell and other materials of marine origin appear significantly older than contemporaneous samples of terrestrial/atmospheric origin. Misunderstandings regarding the mechanisms that give rise to this 'marine reservoir effect' (MRE), the terminology used to define it, and the mathematics used to describe it cause many coastal archaeologists to distrust or misinterpret marine shell dates. The recent release of a reformul…
Spatiotemporal Variation in ΔR on the West Coast of North America in the Late Holocene
Radiocarbon ages on mollusk shells, which account for about half of the more than 8,000 dates from cultural deposits on the west coast of North America, need to be corrected for the local marine reservoir effect (ΔR) to yield true ages. Assays on “prebomb” shells show that ΔR increases poleward, echoing the age gradient in offshore waters. The meridional gradient in ΔR is not appreciably affected by the transition either from an upwelling regime …
Impacts of resource fluctuations and recurrent tsunamis on the occupational history of Čḯxwicən, a Salishan village on the southern shore of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington State, U.S.A
A summed probability density function (spdf), generated from the catalog of 101 radiocarbon ages on wood and charcoal from the Čḯxwicən archaeological site (Washington State, USA), serves as a proxy for the site's occupational history over the last 2500 years. Significant differences between spdfs derived from a null model of population growth (a bootstrapped logistic equation) and the observed index suggest relatively less cultural activity at Č…
Chinook Salmon, Late Holocene Climate Change, and the Occupational History of Kettle Falls, a Columbia River Fishing Station
Kettle Falls, located 1125 km from the mouth of the Columbia River in present-day Washington State (USA), was the second-most important salmon fishing and trading locus on that river in the early historic era. We encapsulate the late Holocene history of the fishery by deriving a summed probability distribution function (SPDF) from 50 radiocarbon ages from 13 archaeological sites within 2 km of the falls. When compared to an SPDF from 307 sites fr…
Estimating Marine Reservoir Effects in Archaeological Chronologies
The best method for quantifying the marine reservoir effect (MRE) using the global IntCal Marine13 calibration curve remains unresolved. Archaeologists frequently quantify uncertainty on MRE values as errors computed from single pairs of marine-terrestrial radiocarbon ages, which we argue significantly overstates their accuracy and precision. Here, we review the assumptions, methods, and applications of estimating MRE via an estimate of the addit…
Geoarchaeological Perspectives on the “Millennial Series” of Earthquakes in the Southern Puget Lowland, Washington, USA
Surface-breaking ruptures on shallow crustal faults in the southern Puget Lowland in western Washington State about a millennium ago prompted abrupt changes in land level and triggered tsunamis in Puget Sound. The displacement on the Seattle fault most likely occurred in the 1050–1020 cal BP interval. Structures further south (the Tacoma and Olympia faults, and one or more faults in the southern Hood Canal zone) ruptured at about the same time, o…
Late-Holocene mega-tsunamis in the Tasman Sea
Bryant and others have interpreted geomorphological and archaeological evidence from south-central New South Wales (NSW) to infer repeated inundation of this coast by mega-tsunamis in late Holocene time. However, the stratigraphy of two well-dated archaeological sites (Pambula Lake, Bass Point) shows no evidence that these camps were abandoned, or that the marine component of the diet of local Aboriginal peoples changed at or about 500 or 1500 ca…
Recurrence and Extent of Great Earthquakes in Southern Alaska During the Late Holocene from an Analysis of the Radiocarbon Record of Land-Level Change and Village Abandonment
The incidence of plate-boundary earthquakes across 3 prospective tectonic segments at the Alaska subduction zone (ASZ) in the late Holocene is reconstructed from geological evidence of abrupt land-level change and archaeological evidence of discontinuities in occupation of native villages. Bracketing radiocarbon ages on uplifted and down-dropped coastal deposits indicate that great earthquakes likely ruptured the plate interface in the eastern se…
Early growth of the last Cordilleran ice sheet deduced from glacio-isostatic depression in southwest British Columbia, Canada
Relative sea level at Vancouver, British Columbia rose from below the present datum about 30,000 cal yr B.P. to at least 18 m above sea level 28,000 cal yr B.P. In contrast, eustatic sea level in this interval was at least 85 m lower than at present. The difference in the local and eustatic sea-level positions is attributed to glacio-isostatic depression of the crust in the expanding forefield of the Cordilleran ice sheet during the initial phase…
Multiple sources for late-Holocene tsunamis at Discovery Bay, Washington State, USA
Nine muddy sand beds interrupt a 2500-yr-old sequence of peat deposits beneath a tidal marsh at the head of Discovery Bay on the south shore of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington. An inferred tsunami origin for the sand beds is assessed by means of six criteria. Although all the sand beds contain marine diatoms and almost all the beds display internal stratification, the areal extent of the oldest beds is too limited to confirm their origin a…
When the Mountain Dwarfs Danced
Geological evidence demonstrates that recurrent great earthquakes have been generated at the Cascadia subduction zone, off the west coast of North America, throughout the Holocene. Such major earthquakes and associated tsunamis would have had devastating impacts on Native villages along this coastline. Native oral traditions of such disasters, along with earthquake figures in myth and ceremony, are examined for evidence of the nature of such past…
Stratigraphic and Microfossil Evidence for Late Holocene Tsunamis at Swantown Marsh, Whidbey Island, Washington
Four muddy sand sheets occur within a tidal marsh peat at Swantown on the west coast of Whidbey Island, Washington. The two largest sand sheets pinch out about 100 m inland and became thinner and finer-grained landward. All four sand sheets contain marine microfossils and have internal stratification. They record repeated inundation of the marsh over a short time period by distinct pulses of sediment-laden ocean water, consistent with deposition …
Tsunamis and tectonic deformation at the northern Cascadia margin
Three layers of sand occur within a sequence of muddy gyttja in a 3 m core recovered from Deserted Lake, which lies at the head of a fjord on the central west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The sedimentology and microfossil assemblages of these layers are consistent with deposition by tsunamis. Radiocarbon ages suggest that the tsunamis were generated by plate-boundary earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone about 2600, …
Archaeological Evidence for Village Abandonment Associated with Late Holocene Earthquakes at the Northern Cascadia Subduction Zone
Geologic evidence suggests that great (magnitude 8 or larger) earthquakes, or series of such earthquakes, occurred six times in the past 3000 yr at the northern Cascadia subduction zone. The archaeological record, and native oral traditions, demonstrate that native villages along the adjacent coasts of southern British Columbia and Washington State were occasionally abandoned in the late Holocene as a result of these earthquakes and associated ts…
When the Mountain Dwarfs Danced
Geological evidence demonstrates that recurrent great earthquakes have been generated at the Cascadia subduction zone, off the west coast of North America, throughout the Holocene. Such major earthquakes and associated tsunamis would have had devastating impacts on Native villages along this coastline. Native oral traditions of such disasters, along with earthquake figures in myth and ceremony, are examined for evidence of the nature of such past…
Dating Marine Shell
Radiocarbon dates on marine shell and other materials of marine origin appear significantly older than contemporaneous samples of terrestrial/atmospheric origin. Misunderstandings regarding the mechanisms that give rise to this 'marine reservoir effect' (MRE), the terminology used to define it, and the mathematics used to describe it cause many coastal archaeologists to distrust or misinterpret marine shell dates. The recent release of a reformul…
Estimating Marine Reservoir Effects in Archaeological Chronologies
The best method for quantifying the marine reservoir effect (MRE) using the global IntCal Marine13 calibration curve remains unresolved. Archaeologists frequently quantify uncertainty on MRE values as errors computed from single pairs of marine-terrestrial radiocarbon ages, which we argue significantly overstates their accuracy and precision. Here, we review the assumptions, methods, and applications of estimating MRE via an estimate of the addit…
Multiple sources for late-Holocene tsunamis at Discovery Bay, Washington State, USA
Nine muddy sand beds interrupt a 2500-yr-old sequence of peat deposits beneath a tidal marsh at the head of Discovery Bay on the south shore of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington. An inferred tsunami origin for the sand beds is assessed by means of six criteria. Although all the sand beds contain marine diatoms and almost all the beds display internal stratification, the areal extent of the oldest beds is too limited to confirm their origin a…
Spatiotemporal Variation in ΔR on the West Coast of North America in the Late Holocene
Radiocarbon ages on mollusk shells, which account for about half of the more than 8,000 dates from cultural deposits on the west coast of North America, need to be corrected for the local marine reservoir effect (ΔR) to yield true ages. Assays on “prebomb” shells show that ΔR increases poleward, echoing the age gradient in offshore waters. The meridional gradient in ΔR is not appreciably affected by the transition either from an upwelling regime …
Chinook Salmon, Late Holocene Climate Change, and the Occupational History of Kettle Falls, a Columbia River Fishing Station
Kettle Falls, located 1125 km from the mouth of the Columbia River in present-day Washington State (USA), was the second-most important salmon fishing and trading locus on that river in the early historic era. We encapsulate the late Holocene history of the fishery by deriving a summed probability distribution function (SPDF) from 50 radiocarbon ages from 13 archaeological sites within 2 km of the falls. When compared to an SPDF from 307 sites fr…
Tsunamis and tectonic deformation at the northern Cascadia margin
Three layers of sand occur within a sequence of muddy gyttja in a 3 m core recovered from Deserted Lake, which lies at the head of a fjord on the central west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The sedimentology and microfossil assemblages of these layers are consistent with deposition by tsunamis. Radiocarbon ages suggest that the tsunamis were generated by plate-boundary earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone about 2600, …
Climate Change and Indigenous Subsistence in the Thompson River Watershed (British Columbia) in the Late Holocene
The Indigenous peoples of the Thompson River watershed on the northern Columbia Plateau traditionally subsisted in winter on dried salmon, dried roots and berries from upland meadows, and game. A summed probability distribution (SPDF) based on 54 radiocarbon ages from twenty-eight winter villages and summer fishing camps along that river exhibits volatile activity in anti-phase with an SPDF derived from 77 radiocarbon ages from twenty-six sites i…
Late-Holocene mega-tsunamis in the Tasman Sea
Bryant and others have interpreted geomorphological and archaeological evidence from south-central New South Wales (NSW) to infer repeated inundation of this coast by mega-tsunamis in late Holocene time. However, the stratigraphy of two well-dated archaeological sites (Pambula Lake, Bass Point) shows no evidence that these camps were abandoned, or that the marine component of the diet of local Aboriginal peoples changed at or about 500 or 1500 ca…
Recurrence and Extent of Great Earthquakes in Southern Alaska During the Late Holocene from an Analysis of the Radiocarbon Record of Land-Level Change and Village Abandonment
The incidence of plate-boundary earthquakes across 3 prospective tectonic segments at the Alaska subduction zone (ASZ) in the late Holocene is reconstructed from geological evidence of abrupt land-level change and archaeological evidence of discontinuities in occupation of native villages. Bracketing radiocarbon ages on uplifted and down-dropped coastal deposits indicate that great earthquakes likely ruptured the plate interface in the eastern se…
Archaeological Evidence for Village Abandonment Associated with Late Holocene Earthquakes at the Northern Cascadia Subduction Zone
Geologic evidence suggests that great (magnitude 8 or larger) earthquakes, or series of such earthquakes, occurred six times in the past 3000 yr at the northern Cascadia subduction zone. The archaeological record, and native oral traditions, demonstrate that native villages along the adjacent coasts of southern British Columbia and Washington State were occasionally abandoned in the late Holocene as a result of these earthquakes and associated ts…
Stratigraphic and Microfossil Evidence for Late Holocene Tsunamis at Swantown Marsh, Whidbey Island, Washington
Four muddy sand sheets occur within a tidal marsh peat at Swantown on the west coast of Whidbey Island, Washington. The two largest sand sheets pinch out about 100 m inland and became thinner and finer-grained landward. All four sand sheets contain marine microfossils and have internal stratification. They record repeated inundation of the marsh over a short time period by distinct pulses of sediment-laden ocean water, consistent with deposition …
Tsunamis and tectonic deformation at the northern Cascadia margin
Three layers of sand occur within a sequence of muddy gyttja in a 3 m core recovered from Deserted Lake, which lies at the head of a fjord on the central west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The sedimentology and microfossil assemblages of these layers are consistent with deposition by tsunamis. Radiocarbon ages suggest that the tsunamis were generated by plate-boundary earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone about 2600, …
When the Mountain Dwarfs Danced
Geological evidence demonstrates that recurrent great earthquakes have been generated at the Cascadia subduction zone, off the west coast of North America, throughout the Holocene. Such major earthquakes and associated tsunamis would have had devastating impacts on Native villages along this coastline. Native oral traditions of such disasters, along with earthquake figures in myth and ceremony, are examined for evidence of the nature of such past…
Early growth of the last Cordilleran ice sheet deduced from glacio-isostatic depression in southwest British Columbia, Canada
Relative sea level at Vancouver, British Columbia rose from below the present datum about 30,000 cal yr B.P. to at least 18 m above sea level 28,000 cal yr B.P. In contrast, eustatic sea level in this interval was at least 85 m lower than at present. The difference in the local and eustatic sea-level positions is attributed to glacio-isostatic depression of the crust in the expanding forefield of the Cordilleran ice sheet during the initial phase…
Multiple sources for late-Holocene tsunamis at Discovery Bay, Washington State, USA
Nine muddy sand beds interrupt a 2500-yr-old sequence of peat deposits beneath a tidal marsh at the head of Discovery Bay on the south shore of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington. An inferred tsunami origin for the sand beds is assessed by means of six criteria. Although all the sand beds contain marine diatoms and almost all the beds display internal stratification, the areal extent of the oldest beds is too limited to confirm their origin a…
Recurrence and Extent of Great Earthquakes in Southern Alaska During the Late Holocene from an Analysis of the Radiocarbon Record of Land-Level Change and Village Abandonment
The incidence of plate-boundary earthquakes across 3 prospective tectonic segments at the Alaska subduction zone (ASZ) in the late Holocene is reconstructed from geological evidence of abrupt land-level change and archaeological evidence of discontinuities in occupation of native villages. Bracketing radiocarbon ages on uplifted and down-dropped coastal deposits indicate that great earthquakes likely ruptured the plate interface in the eastern se…
Late-Holocene mega-tsunamis in the Tasman Sea
Bryant and others have interpreted geomorphological and archaeological evidence from south-central New South Wales (NSW) to infer repeated inundation of this coast by mega-tsunamis in late Holocene time. However, the stratigraphy of two well-dated archaeological sites (Pambula Lake, Bass Point) shows no evidence that these camps were abandoned, or that the marine component of the diet of local Aboriginal peoples changed at or about 500 or 1500 ca…
Geoarchaeological Perspectives on the “Millennial Series” of Earthquakes in the Southern Puget Lowland, Washington, USA
Surface-breaking ruptures on shallow crustal faults in the southern Puget Lowland in western Washington State about a millennium ago prompted abrupt changes in land level and triggered tsunamis in Puget Sound. The displacement on the Seattle fault most likely occurred in the 1050–1020 cal BP interval. Structures further south (the Tacoma and Olympia faults, and one or more faults in the southern Hood Canal zone) ruptured at about the same time, o…
Estimating Marine Reservoir Effects in Archaeological Chronologies
The best method for quantifying the marine reservoir effect (MRE) using the global IntCal Marine13 calibration curve remains unresolved. Archaeologists frequently quantify uncertainty on MRE values as errors computed from single pairs of marine-terrestrial radiocarbon ages, which we argue significantly overstates their accuracy and precision. Here, we review the assumptions, methods, and applications of estimating MRE via an estimate of the addit…
Impacts of resource fluctuations and recurrent tsunamis on the occupational history of Čḯxwicən, a Salishan village on the southern shore of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington State, U.S.A
A summed probability density function (spdf), generated from the catalog of 101 radiocarbon ages on wood and charcoal from the Čḯxwicən archaeological site (Washington State, USA), serves as a proxy for the site's occupational history over the last 2500 years. Significant differences between spdfs derived from a null model of population growth (a bootstrapped logistic equation) and the observed index suggest relatively less cultural activity at Č…
Chinook Salmon, Late Holocene Climate Change, and the Occupational History of Kettle Falls, a Columbia River Fishing Station
Kettle Falls, located 1125 km from the mouth of the Columbia River in present-day Washington State (USA), was the second-most important salmon fishing and trading locus on that river in the early historic era. We encapsulate the late Holocene history of the fishery by deriving a summed probability distribution function (SPDF) from 50 radiocarbon ages from 13 archaeological sites within 2 km of the falls. When compared to an SPDF from 307 sites fr…
Spatiotemporal Variation in ΔR on the West Coast of North America in the Late Holocene
Radiocarbon ages on mollusk shells, which account for about half of the more than 8,000 dates from cultural deposits on the west coast of North America, need to be corrected for the local marine reservoir effect (ΔR) to yield true ages. Assays on “prebomb” shells show that ΔR increases poleward, echoing the age gradient in offshore waters. The meridional gradient in ΔR is not appreciably affected by the transition either from an upwelling regime …
Dating Marine Shell
Radiocarbon dates on marine shell and other materials of marine origin appear significantly older than contemporaneous samples of terrestrial/atmospheric origin. Misunderstandings regarding the mechanisms that give rise to this 'marine reservoir effect' (MRE), the terminology used to define it, and the mathematics used to describe it cause many coastal archaeologists to distrust or misinterpret marine shell dates. The recent release of a reformul…
Indigenous Adaptations to Salmon Run Volatility in the Salish Sea during the Late Holocene
More than a million fish bones have been analyzed from the faunal assemblages in shell middens that mark the location of ancestral Indigenous settlements on the shores of the central reaches of the Salish Sea. Salmon bones, which account for 38% of the identifiable fish remains, are most abundant close to the main migration route of Fraser River sockeye and pink salmon. Salmon bone abundance in the “Marpole” cultural phase from 2400 to 1200 cal B…
Climate Change and Indigenous Subsistence in the Thompson River Watershed (British Columbia) in the Late Holocene
The Indigenous peoples of the Thompson River watershed on the northern Columbia Plateau traditionally subsisted in winter on dried salmon, dried roots and berries from upland meadows, and game. A summed probability distribution (SPDF) based on 54 radiocarbon ages from twenty-eight winter villages and summer fishing camps along that river exhibits volatile activity in anti-phase with an SPDF derived from 77 radiocarbon ages from twenty-six sites i…
Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (13 obras) · Archaeology (12 obras) · Geology (12 obras) · Holocene (12 obras) · Radiocarbon dating (11 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (10 obras) · Geography (10 obras) · Oceanography (10 obras) · earthquake and tectonic studies (7 obras) · Geology (7 obras)