Strau
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 30066 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Strau |
| APELLIDO | Strau |
| FIRMA | STRAU |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Wisconsin–Madison |
| ORCID | 0009-0009-1035-7576 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 56 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 406 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1920 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 12 |
The Problems of Genocide
Genocide and enslavement
Attuned Empathy, ‘Battlefields of Social Belonging’, and Other Reflections on Studying Those Who Perpetrate Violence
In his response, Scott Straus presents reflections on the contributions in this special issue. Straus focuses in particular on three main areas discussed in the special issue: demonstrating the value of an approach of what he calls 'attuned empathy'; highlighting the politicized nature of research on perpetrators; and innovating concepts for research in this field of inquiry
The Radicalization of Race
Loïc Wacquant's “A Checkerboard of Ethnoracial Violence” offers a sharp analysis of racial violence, highlighting its varying forms, functions, and scales. We aim to enrich Wacquant's framework by unpacking the idea of cumulative radicalization. Originally developed in Holocaust studies, this concept allows one to specify connections between different forms and functions of violence by interrogating the interplay between different levels of analy…
Purification/Amplification-Free RNA Detection Platform for Rapid and Multiplex Diagnosis of Plant Viral Infections
Genetic tests are highly sensitive, and quantitative methods for diagnosing human viral infections, including COVID-19, are also being used to diagnose plant diseases in various agricultural settings. Conventional genetic tests for plant viruses are mostly based on methods that require purification and amplification of viral genomes from plant samples, which generally take several hours in total, making it difficult to use them in rapid detection…
Introduction
Introduction to the Special Section on Lee Ann Fujii’s Show Time
Ukraine and the politics of political violence
Round Table (Part 3)
Round Table (Full Symposium)
s book covers the emergence of the concept and word "genocide," contextualizing Lemkin's intellectual development in interwar Poland and exploring the evolving connection between his philosophical writings, his work in the law of international finance and economic conflict, his juridical works, and his politics over the following decades. Part intellectual biography, part legal and diplomatic history
Stathis Kalyvas on 20 years of studying political violence
Stathis Kalyvas is one of the pioneers of social science research on political violence. In this interview with Scott Straus, Kalyvas reflects critically on the state of the field, on the risks of welding scholarly research to policy, on speaking to histories of violence in particular places, on defining key terms such as violence and terrorism, and on moving up and down the ladder of abstraction. He also speaks about his ambitious new book that …
On photographing the legacies of violence
In her work, the South African photographer Jo Ractliffe has been exploring the idea of landscape as “pathology,” how past violence manifests in the landscape of the present. In 2007, she made the first of a number of visits to Angola and over the following 4 years photographed the lingering end of Angola’s civil war, one that South Africa was deeply involved in and was known to White South Africans as the South Africa’s “Border War.” For Violenc…
Fiona Terry of the International Committee of the Red Cross talks about The Roots of Restraint in War and the intersection of research and humanitarianism
Fiona Terry is the Head of the Centre for Operational Research and Experience at the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC). She is the co-author of The Roots of Restraint in War ( https://www.icrc.org/en/publication/4352-roots-restraint-war ), which the ICRC published in 2018. The report examines how and why formal and informal norms shape armed group behavior in war. In addition to discussing some of the report’s main findings, the int…
Introducing a new journal
The Limits of a Genocide Lens
This reflection examines how to characterize histories of violence. The genocide in Rwanda has become, after years of labour, documentation, legal proceedings, testimony, and scholarship, a canonic
What drives violence against civilians in civil war? Evidence from Guatemala's conflict archives
Dominant theories of mass violence hold that strategic concerns in civil war drive the deliberate targeting of civilians. However, the causal mechanisms that link strategic objectives to large-scale violence against civilians remain underspecified, and as such the causal logics that underpin each remain blurred. In this article, we identify and explicate four plausible mechanisms that explain why armed groups would target, for strategic purposes,…
Perils of pluralism
Why do some multiparty elections lead to political violence while others do not? Despite extensive literatures on democratization, civil war, and violence against civilians in civil war, the topic of electoral violence has received less attention. We develop a set of theoretical propositions to explain this variation, testing them on an original dataset on African elections from 1990 to 2008. We find that elections in which an incumbent president…
Response to Paul Staniland’s review of Making and Unmaking Nations
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Aspirations démocratiques et « démocraties autoritaires » en Afrique centrale
Making and Unmaking Nations
In Making and Unmaking Nations , Scott Straus seeks to explain why and how genocide takes place—and, perhaps more important, how it has been avoided in places where it may have seemed likely or even inevitable.
Triggers of Mass Atrocities
The concept of “triggers” enjoys wide usage in the atrocity prevention policymaking community. However, the concept has received limited academic analysis. This paper reviews the concept critically, develops a definition, and subjects the concept to empirical analysis. The paper offers a mild endorsement of the concept of triggers of atrocity. The paper identifies four main categories of triggering event but cautions that triggers cannot be separ…
Challenges, debates, and reflections on the “post” in “post-conflict” Côte d'Ivoire
How do you rebuild states after war? How do you restore confidence in state institutions weakened by violent conflict? How do you repair deeply divided social relations after more than a decade of
The Road to Hell? Third‐Party Intervention to Prevent Atrocities
Preventing large‐scale atrocities has emerged as an important policy goal of the post–Cold War period. However, a debate exists about the effects of creating an international institution to prevent atrocities. Advocates of intervention argue that a credible threat to intervene should deter perpetrators and stop atrocities when deterrence fails. Critics argue that third‐party intervention, by strengthening weak minority groups and lowering the cos…
Political Science and Genocide
This article discusses the relationship between political science and genocide, focusing on three major themes. First, it discusses the evolution of genocide studies within the discipline and expands on this. Second, it identifies seminal contributions that have emerged from some four decades of political science studies of genocide: a methodological emphasis on the comparative method, including both quantitative and qualitative studies; a move t…
Macro, Meso, and Micro Research on Genocide
The article critically reviews the existing literature on genocide and mass violence and divides it according to different levels of analysis: macro, meso, and micro levels.We discuss the main theories and findings at each level of analysis and suggest avenues for further research.We argue that the literature on genocide should pay more attention to meso and micro levels of analysis.We also identify a number of other research problems, including …
Retreating from the Brink
The research problem driving this paper is the absence of a strong theory that accounts for variation among cases that have similar probabilities of escalating to genocide and similar forms of organized (usually state-led) mass violence against civilians. Much of the existing theory on genocide focuses on explaining under what conditions and by what processes regimes commit large-scale violence against civilians. I argue that a critical missing d…
It's sheer horror here
Journal Article 'It's sheer horror here': Patterns of violence during the first four months of Côte d'Ivoire's post-electoral crisis Get access Scott Straus Scott Straus * *Scott Straus ([email protected]) is Associate Professor at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. The author would like to thank Tom Bassett, Rita Abrahamsen, and Sara Dorman for comments on earlier drafts. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar…
Perils of pluralism
Why do some multiparty elections lead to political violence while others do not? Despite extensive literatures on democratization, civil war, and violence against civilians in civil war, the topic of electoral violence has received less attention. We develop a set of theoretical propositions to explain this variation, testing them on an original dataset on African elections from 1990 to 2008. We find that elections in which an incumbent president…
The Road to Hell? Third‐Party Intervention to Prevent Atrocities
Preventing large‐scale atrocities has emerged as an important policy goal of the post–Cold War period. However, a debate exists about the effects of creating an international institution to prevent atrocities. Advocates of intervention argue that a credible threat to intervene should deter perpetrators and stop atrocities when deterrence fails. Critics argue that third‐party intervention, by strengthening weak minority groups and lowering the cos…
Second-Generation Comparative Research on Genocide
Comparative research on the determinants of genocide has surged in recent years, as reflected in the six books under review. The new research makes genocide studies more systematic and theoretical; integrates the topic into mainstream social science disciplines; points to three emerging explanatory paradigms; and yields some surprising cumulative findings. However, the works also reveal significant conceptual, empirical, and methodological proble…
"What Is the Relationship between Hate Radio and Violence? Rethinking Rwanda's "Radio Machete
The importance of hate radio pervades commentary on the Rwandan genocide, and Rwanda has become a paradigmatic case of media sparking extreme violence. However, there exists little social scientific analysis of radio's impact on the onset of genocide and the mobilization of genocide participants. Through an analysis of exposure, timing, and content as well as interviews with perpetrators, the article refutes the conventional wisdom that broadcast…
How many perpetrators were there in the Rwandan genocide? An estimate
Wars do end! Changing patterns of political violence in sub-Saharan Africa
Contrary to common assumption, major forms of large-scale organized political violence in sub-Saharan Africa are declining in frequency and intensity, and the region is not uniquely prone to the onset of warfare. African civil wars in the late 2000s were about half as common compared to the mid-1990s. The character of warfare has also changed. Contemporary wars are typically small-scale, fought on state peripheries and sometimes across multiple s…
Contested meanings and conflicting imperatives
(2001). Contested meanings and conflicting imperatives: A conceptual analysis of genocide. Journal of Genocide Research: Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 349-375
Africa's Stalled Development
David K. Leonard and Scott Strauss. Africa's Stalled Development: International Causes and Cures. Boulder, CoIo.: Lynne Rienner, 2003. Bibliography. Index. $42.00. Cloth. $17.95. Paper. Africa 's Stalled Development is an accessible and valuable contribution to the literature on Africa's troubled political economy. As the elaboration of a series of lectures first delivered by one of the authors, the book provides a concise summary of key debates …
Macro, Meso, and Micro Research on Genocide
The article critically reviews the existing literature on genocide and mass violence and divides it according to different levels of analysis: macro, meso, and micro levels.We discuss the main theories and findings at each level of analysis and suggest avenues for further research.We argue that the literature on genocide should pay more attention to meso and micro levels of analysis.We also identify a number of other research problems, including …
Destroy Them to Save Us
Based on an analytic review of recent scholarly advances in genocide studies, this article investigates the causes, concept, and logic of genocide while suggesting a set of theoretical propositions and avenues for future research. Two emerging theoretical streams of literature on causes—strategic and ideological—highlight different dimensions of genocide and should be thought of as compatible. The study of genocide should be embedded in a broader…
The Limits of a Genocide Lens
This reflection examines how to characterize histories of violence. The genocide in Rwanda has become, after years of labour, documentation, legal proceedings, testimony, and scholarship, a canonic
Darfur and the Genocide Debate
IN SUDAN'S western Darfur region, a massive campaign of ethnic violence has claimed the lives of more than 70,000 civilians and uprooted an estimated 1.8 million more since February 2003. The roots of the violence are complex and parts of the picture remain unclear. But several key facts are now well known. The primary perpetrators of the killings and expulsions are government-backed Arab militias. The main civilian victims are black Africans fro…
What drives violence against civilians in civil war? Evidence from Guatemala's conflict archives
Dominant theories of mass violence hold that strategic concerns in civil war drive the deliberate targeting of civilians. However, the causal mechanisms that link strategic objectives to large-scale violence against civilians remain underspecified, and as such the causal logics that underpin each remain blurred. In this article, we identify and explicate four plausible mechanisms that explain why armed groups would target, for strategic purposes,…
The Great Lakes of Africa
Though the genocide of 1994 catapulted Rwanda onto the international stage, English-language historical accounts of the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa--which encompasses Burundi, eastern Congo, Rwanda, western Tanzania, and Uganda--are scarce. Drawing on colonial archives, oral tradition, archeological discoveries, anthropologic and linguistic studies, and his thirty years of scholarship, Jean-Pierre Chretien offers a major synthesis of the…
Africa's Stalled Development
Triggers of Mass Atrocities
The concept of “triggers” enjoys wide usage in the atrocity prevention policymaking community. However, the concept has received limited academic analysis. This paper reviews the concept critically, develops a definition, and subjects the concept to empirical analysis. The paper offers a mild endorsement of the concept of triggers of atrocity. The paper identifies four main categories of triggering event but cautions that triggers cannot be separ…
Organic purity and the role of anthropology in Cambodia and Rwanda
Straus investigates the ideology of two genocidal regimes in the developing world: the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia and Hutu Power in Rwanda. Although the regimes were quite different - one Communist, the other nationalist - he argues that their ideals converged around a notion of organic purity. Both regimes pursued extraordinary violence to meet the ideal: mass destruction was a method to achieve organic purity. Straus further contends that anthropo…
Rwanda and Darfur
The article presents a comparative analysis of genocide in Rwanda and Darfur. The first half of the article examines the patterns and origins of violence in both cases and uses the comparison to generate some theoretical inferences about the causes of genocide. The analysis finds that both cases demonstrate a similar character of violence but that in Rwanda the violence was more intense, more exterminatory, and more participatory than in Darfur. …
Africa's Stalled Development
The Perils of Ethnicity
Genocide and enslavement
Stathis Kalyvas on 20 years of studying political violence
Stathis Kalyvas is one of the pioneers of social science research on political violence. In this interview with Scott Straus, Kalyvas reflects critically on the state of the field, on the risks of welding scholarly research to policy, on speaking to histories of violence in particular places, on defining key terms such as violence and terrorism, and on moving up and down the ladder of abstraction. He also speaks about his ambitious new book that …
Introducing a new journal
Promotion and Practice of Thrift in Foreign Countries
EUROPEAN thrift really began with Daniel Defoe. His essays marked the first crystallization of public thrift impulses. His plans for a Mutual Marine Insurance Society and his Essays on Projects constituted the first definite step toward organized public thrift. The genius of Defoe bestowed its rich gifts upon the world during the latter part of the seventeenth century, but so far ahead of his time was he that it was not until an
Moi
Genocide in Rwanda
Organic purity and the role of anthropology in Cambodia and Rwanda
Straus investigates the ideology of two genocidal regimes in the developing world: the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia and Hutu Power in Rwanda. Although the regimes were quite different - one Communist, the other nationalist - he argues that their ideals converged around a notion of organic purity. Both regimes pursued extraordinary violence to meet the ideal: mass destruction was a method to achieve organic purity. Straus further contends that anthropo…
Contested meanings and conflicting imperatives
(2001). Contested meanings and conflicting imperatives: A conceptual analysis of genocide. Journal of Genocide Research: Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 349-375
The Perils of Ethnicity
The Shallow Graves of Rwanda
Africa's Stalled Development
The Great Lakes of Africa
Africa's Stalled Development
David K. Leonard and Scott Strauss. Africa's Stalled Development: International Causes and Cures. Boulder, CoIo.: Lynne Rienner, 2003. Bibliography. Index. $42.00. Cloth. $17.95. Paper. Africa 's Stalled Development is an accessible and valuable contribution to the literature on Africa's troubled political economy. As the elaboration of a series of lectures first delivered by one of the authors, the book provides a concise summary of key debates …
How many perpetrators were there in the Rwandan genocide? An estimate
The Great Lakes of Africa
Though the genocide of 1994 catapulted Rwanda onto the international stage, English-language historical accounts of the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa--which encompasses Burundi, eastern Congo, Rwanda, western Tanzania, and Uganda--are scarce. Drawing on colonial archives, oral tradition, archeological discoveries, anthropologic and linguistic studies, and his thirty years of scholarship, Jean-Pierre Chretien offers a major synthesis of the…
Africa's Stalled Development
Conspiracy to Murder
Journal Article Conspiracy to Murder: The Rwanda Genocide and the International Community Get access Conspiracy to Murder: The Rwanda Genocide and the International Community by Linda Melvern. New York, Verso, 2004. 256 pp. $25.00. Scott Straus Scott Straus University of Wisconsin—Madison Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Science Quarterly, Volume 120, Issue 2, Summer 2005, Pages 348–350, https://d…
Darfur and the Genocide Debate
IN SUDAN'S western Darfur region, a massive campaign of ethnic violence has claimed the lives of more than 70,000 civilians and uprooted an estimated 1.8 million more since February 2003. The roots of the violence are complex and parts of the picture remain unclear. But several key facts are now well known. The primary perpetrators of the killings and expulsions are government-backed Arab militias. The main civilian victims are black Africans fro…
Rwanda and Darfur
The article presents a comparative analysis of genocide in Rwanda and Darfur. The first half of the article examines the patterns and origins of violence in both cases and uses the comparison to generate some theoretical inferences about the causes of genocide. The analysis finds that both cases demonstrate a similar character of violence but that in Rwanda the violence was more intense, more exterminatory, and more participatory than in Darfur. …
Darfur
Darfur: A Short History of a Long War. By Julie Flint and Alex de Waal. New York: Zed Books, 2005. 176p. $60.00 cloth, $19.99 paper. Darfur: The Ambiguous Genocide. By Gérard Prunier. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2005. 232p. $24.00. In the last two years, the Darfur region in western Sudan has moved from relative international obscurity to become a symbol of humanitarian crisis and mass violence. Political scientists who research genocide, e…
Dangerous Sanctuaries
Journal Article Dangerous Sanctuaries: Refugee Camps, Civil War, and the Dilemmas of Humanitarian Aid by Sarah Kenyon Lischer Get access Dangerous Sanctuaries: Refugee Camps, Civil War, and the Dilemmas of Humanitarian Aidby Sarah Kenyon Lischer. Ithaca, NY, Cornell University Press, 2005. 204pp. $35.00. Scott Straus Scott Straus University of Wisconsin, Madison Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Political Sc…
The Order of Genocide
Introduction 1. Background to the Genocide 2. Genocide at the National and Regional Levels 3. Local Dynamics 4. The Genocidaires 5. Why Perpetrators Say They Committed Genocide 6. The Logic of Genocide 7. Historical Patterns of Violence 8. Rwanda's Leviathan ConclusionAppendix Index
The Order of Genocide
Find information about UTP Journals. University of Toronto Press is Canada’s leading academic publisher and one of the largest university presses in North America, with particular strengths in the social sciences, humanities, and business. The Book Publishing Division is widely recognized in Canada for its strength in history, political science, sociology, Indigenous studies, and cultural studies. Internationally, UTP is a leading publisher of me…
Second-Generation Comparative Research on Genocide
Comparative research on the determinants of genocide has surged in recent years, as reflected in the six books under review. The new research makes genocide studies more systematic and theoretical; integrates the topic into mainstream social science disciplines; points to three emerging explanatory paradigms; and yields some surprising cumulative findings. However, the works also reveal significant conceptual, empirical, and methodological proble…
"What Is the Relationship between Hate Radio and Violence? Rethinking Rwanda's "Radio Machete
The importance of hate radio pervades commentary on the Rwandan genocide, and Rwanda has become a paradigmatic case of media sparking extreme violence. However, there exists little social scientific analysis of radio's impact on the onset of genocide and the mobilization of genocide participants. Through an analysis of exposure, timing, and content as well as interviews with perpetrators, the article refutes the conventional wisdom that broadcast…
L'Afrique des grands lacs
This edition of the annual L’Afrique des grands lacs is an excellent contribution to the growing literature on the Great Lakes region of Africa. Marking the tenth anniversary of the annuaire, the editors, Filip Reyntjens and Stefaan Marysse – two long-standing and thoughtful observers of the region who are based at the Université d’Anvers – assembled essays on the region's ‘conflict-ridden transitions’ (transitions conflictuelles). The result is …
Why Not Kill Them All? The Logic and Prevention of Mass Political Murder by Daniel Chirot and Clark McCauley
A Step Forward
Political science (46 obras) · Sociology (36 obras) · Law (35 obras) · Criminology (24 obras) · Genocide (23 obras) · Law (23 obras) · Politics (20 obras) · Global Peace and Security Dynamics (18 obras) · Economics (13 obras) · History (12 obras)