Noah Kiwanuka
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 300762 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Noah Kiwanuka |
| NOMBRES | Noah |
| APELLIDO | Kiwanuka |
| FIRMA | KIWANUKA N |
| AFILIACIONES | Makerere University |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2471-9290 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 25 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2004 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
The epidemiology and outcomes of adults with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure in a low-income country in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic
BACKGROUND: Few data regarding the incidence and outcomes of acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in low- and middle-income countries exist. METHODS: We undertook a prospective, observational multicentre study at 11 Ugandan hospitals (July 2020-April 2021) to determine the prevalence, aetiology and 28-day all-cause mortality of AHRF (acute shortness of breath plus peripheral oxygen saturation 30 breaths per minute (aRR 2.39 (95% CI 1.34 to…
Barriers and facilitators to integrating tuberculosis treatment into community pharmacies for people with TB/HIV in Kampala, Uganda
Community pharmacies (private retail drug shops or pharmacies) have proven successful for delivering anti-retroviral therapy to people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Leveraging this model for tuberculosis (TB) treatment integration could improve access to both TB and HIV treatment among people with TB/HIV. We identified the barriers and facilitators to integrating TB treatment into community pharmacies for people with TB/HIV in K…
Facilitators and barriers for completion of the diagnostic process among people with presumed tuberculosis in Central Uganda
Uganda has improved its tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic processes over the years since the scale up of the Xpert MTB/RIF testing in 2012. However, there are continued delays in diagnosis and missing people with TB who are either not diagnosed or notified. We explored facilitators and barriers for completion of the TB diagnostic process among people with presumed TB in selected health facilities in Central Uganda. This was a qualitative exploration i…
Evaluating the implementation of weekly rifapentine-isoniazid (3HP) for tuberculosis prevention among people living with HIV in Uganda
Three months of isoniazid-rifapentine (3HP) is being scaled up for tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment (TPT) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in high-burden settings. More evidence is needed to identify factors influencing successful 3HP delivery. We conducted a qualitative assessment of 3HP delivery nested within the 3HP Options Trial, which compared three optimized strategies for delivering 3HP: facilitated directly observed therapy (DOT…
Hopes, joys and fears
Uganda applies the World Health Organization threshold of 1,000 copies/ml to determine HIV viral non-suppression. While there is an emerging concern of low-level viraemia (≥50 to
Uvula infections and traditional uvulectomy
Uvulitis is the inflammation and swelling of the uvula, usually associated with infection of nearby structures. Uvulitis can be treated symptomatically, using medication or in some cases with uvulectomy, the uvula surgical removal or shortening. Traditional uvulectomy by traditional practitioners has been practiced in Africa for ages, associated with adverse outcomes. Although there is no empirical evidence for the association between adverse out…
A user-centred implementation strategy for tuberculosis contact investigation in Uganda
The trial was registered(ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05640648) on 16 November 2022, after the trial launch on 7 March 2022
Linkage to care and treatment among men with reactive HIV self-tests after workplace-based testing in Uganda
Introduction: HIV self-testing at workplaces has the potential to reach men at risk of HIV infection with lower access to HIV testing services. While several studies have reported high uptake of HIV self-testing, linkage to HIV care following a positive result remains a challenge. This study, therefore, explored the motivators for and barriers to linkage to HIV care and treatment among men who returned positive results following workplace-based H…
Drivers and barriers to workplace-based HIV self-testing among high-risk men in Uganda
We recommend the involvement of employers in workplace-based HIV self-testing to encourage participation by employees. There is need for HIV self-testing support both during and after the testing process. Both employers and employees recommend the use of non-monetary incentives, and regular training about HIV self-testing to increase the uptake and acceptability of HIV testing services at the workplace
Hepatitis B prevalence and incidence in the fishing communities of Lake Victoria, Uganda
Hepatitis B virus incidence in Lake Victoria fishing communities of Uganda is very high, particularly in the islands. Interventions to lower hepatitis B virus transmission in these communities are urgently needed
Validation of a Pictorial Survey Tool to Measure Time Use in an African Urban Setting
Background: Disease often depends on how a host interacts with his or her environment. This interaction is important for respiratory infectious diseases, where built environments may promote transmission. To learn about time use, or the amount of time people spend in a day doing various activities, in sub-Saharan Africa may be difficult because of low literacy and different cultural perceptions of time. We developed a culturally appropriate surve…
Defining adequate contact for transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an African urban environment
In this large cross-sectional study from an urban African setting, we identified two factors that can assess adequate contact between tuberculosis cases and their social network members. These findings also confirm the complexity and heterogeneity of social mixing
Acceptability of HIV testing for men attending televised football venues in Uganda
This study suggests that HIV testing services at venues where EPL football games are televised is generally acceptable to men. In implementing such services, consideration should be given to preferences for external or unknown health workers and the motivating factors contributing to the use of these services. Given that HIV testing is currently not conducted in these settings, further research should be conducted to evaluate the feasibility of t…
Did Pepfar investments result in health system strengthening? A retrospective longitudinal study measuring non-HIV health service utilization at the district level
OBJECTIVES : PEPFAR's initial rapid scale-up approach was largely a vertical effort focused fairly exclusively on AIDS. The purpose of our research was to identify spill-over health system effects, if any, of investments intended to stem the HIV epidemic over a 6-year period with evidence from Uganda. The test of whether there were health system expansions (aside from direct HIV programming) was evidence of increases in utilization of non-HIV ser…
Risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 35–64 years living in an urban slum Nairobi, Kenya
Hypertension in the slum is a public health problem affecting at least one in three adults aged 35-64 years. Age, marital status, wealth index, physical inactivity and body mass index are important risk factors associated with hypertension. Prevention measures targeting the modifiable risk factors associated with hypertension are warranted to curb hypertension and its progressive effects
War and HIV
Despite growing knowledge of the dynamics of HIV infection during conflict, far less is known about the period that follows cessation of hostilities and its implications for population health. This study sought to fill a lacuna in epidemiological evidence by examining HIV infection and related vulnerabilities of young people living in resource-scarce, post-emergency transit camps that are now home to thousands of displaced people following two de…
An assessment of fishing communities around Lake Victoria, Uganda, as potential populations for future HIV vaccine efficacy studies
There is high HIV incidence, retention and WTP among fishing communities around L. Victoria, Uganda which make these communities appropriate for future HIV prevention efficacy studies including vaccine trials
Comparison of HIV-related vulnerabilities between former child soldiers and children never abducted by the LRA in northern Uganda
This study persuasively demonstrates that all young people in northern Ugandan have been similarly affected by HIV infection during war and displacement. Post-conflict programme planners must therefore abandon rudimentary targeting practices based on abductees as a high-profile category. Instead, they must develop evidence-based HIV interventions that are commensurate with young people's specific needs. As such programmes will be less stigmatizin…
Increasing access to institutional deliveries using demand and supply side incentives
BACKGROUND: Geographical inaccessibility, lack of transport, and financial burdens are some of the demand side constraints to maternal health services in Uganda, while supply side problems include poor quality services related to unmotivated health workers and inadequate supplies. Most public health interventions in Uganda have addressed only selected supply side issues, and universities have focused their efforts on providing maternal services a…
Disclosure of HIV results among discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda
Disclosure of HIV sero-positive results among HIV-discordant couples in sub-Saharan Africa is generally low. We describe a facilitated couple counselling approach to enhance disclosure among HIV-discordant couples. Using unique identifiers, 293 HIV-discordant couples were identified through retrospective linkage of married or cohabiting consenting adults individually enrolled into a cohort study and into two randomised trials of male circumcision…
Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda
Repeat Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing (VCT), Sexual Risk Behavior and HIV Incidence in Rakai, Uganda
Rates of HIV‐1 Transmission per Coital Act, by Stage of HIV‐1 Infection, in Rakai, Uganda
BACKGROUND: We estimated rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 transmission per coital act in HIV-discordant couples by stage of infection in the index partner. METHODS: We retrospectively identified 235 monogamous, HIV-discordant couples in a Ugandan population-based cohort. HIV transmission within pairs was confirmed by sequence analysis. Rates of transmission per coital act were estimated by the index partner's stage of infection (rece…
Burden of infection among heads and non-head of rural households in Rakai, Uganda
The objective was to determine HIV prevalence, symptomatology and mortality among adult heads and non-heads of households, in order to assess the burden of HIV on households. It was a community study of 11,536 adults aged 15-59, residing in 4,962 households in 56 villages, Rakai district, Uganda. First, 4,962 heads and 6,574 non-heads of households were identified from censuses. Interviews were then used to determine socio-demographic/behavioural…
Coercive sex in rural Uganda
Coercive sex in rural Uganda
Did Pepfar investments result in health system strengthening? A retrospective longitudinal study measuring non-HIV health service utilization at the district level
OBJECTIVES : PEPFAR's initial rapid scale-up approach was largely a vertical effort focused fairly exclusively on AIDS. The purpose of our research was to identify spill-over health system effects, if any, of investments intended to stem the HIV epidemic over a 6-year period with evidence from Uganda. The test of whether there were health system expansions (aside from direct HIV programming) was evidence of increases in utilization of non-HIV ser…
Burden of infection among heads and non-head of rural households in Rakai, Uganda
The objective was to determine HIV prevalence, symptomatology and mortality among adult heads and non-heads of households, in order to assess the burden of HIV on households. It was a community study of 11,536 adults aged 15-59, residing in 4,962 households in 56 villages, Rakai district, Uganda. First, 4,962 heads and 6,574 non-heads of households were identified from censuses. Interviews were then used to determine socio-demographic/behavioural…
Coercive sex in rural Uganda
Rates of HIV‐1 Transmission per Coital Act, by Stage of HIV‐1 Infection, in Rakai, Uganda
BACKGROUND: We estimated rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 transmission per coital act in HIV-discordant couples by stage of infection in the index partner. METHODS: We retrospectively identified 235 monogamous, HIV-discordant couples in a Ugandan population-based cohort. HIV transmission within pairs was confirmed by sequence analysis. Rates of transmission per coital act were estimated by the index partner's stage of infection (rece…
Repeat Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing (VCT), Sexual Risk Behavior and HIV Incidence in Rakai, Uganda
Male circumcision for HIV prevention in men in Rakai, Uganda
Disclosure of HIV results among discordant couples in Rakai, Uganda
Disclosure of HIV sero-positive results among HIV-discordant couples in sub-Saharan Africa is generally low. We describe a facilitated couple counselling approach to enhance disclosure among HIV-discordant couples. Using unique identifiers, 293 HIV-discordant couples were identified through retrospective linkage of married or cohabiting consenting adults individually enrolled into a cohort study and into two randomised trials of male circumcision…
Increasing access to institutional deliveries using demand and supply side incentives
BACKGROUND: Geographical inaccessibility, lack of transport, and financial burdens are some of the demand side constraints to maternal health services in Uganda, while supply side problems include poor quality services related to unmotivated health workers and inadequate supplies. Most public health interventions in Uganda have addressed only selected supply side issues, and universities have focused their efforts on providing maternal services a…
Comparison of HIV-related vulnerabilities between former child soldiers and children never abducted by the LRA in northern Uganda
This study persuasively demonstrates that all young people in northern Ugandan have been similarly affected by HIV infection during war and displacement. Post-conflict programme planners must therefore abandon rudimentary targeting practices based on abductees as a high-profile category. Instead, they must develop evidence-based HIV interventions that are commensurate with young people's specific needs. As such programmes will be less stigmatizin…
War and HIV
Despite growing knowledge of the dynamics of HIV infection during conflict, far less is known about the period that follows cessation of hostilities and its implications for population health. This study sought to fill a lacuna in epidemiological evidence by examining HIV infection and related vulnerabilities of young people living in resource-scarce, post-emergency transit camps that are now home to thousands of displaced people following two de…
An assessment of fishing communities around Lake Victoria, Uganda, as potential populations for future HIV vaccine efficacy studies
There is high HIV incidence, retention and WTP among fishing communities around L. Victoria, Uganda which make these communities appropriate for future HIV prevention efficacy studies including vaccine trials
Risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 35–64 years living in an urban slum Nairobi, Kenya
Hypertension in the slum is a public health problem affecting at least one in three adults aged 35-64 years. Age, marital status, wealth index, physical inactivity and body mass index are important risk factors associated with hypertension. Prevention measures targeting the modifiable risk factors associated with hypertension are warranted to curb hypertension and its progressive effects
Did Pepfar investments result in health system strengthening? A retrospective longitudinal study measuring non-HIV health service utilization at the district level
OBJECTIVES : PEPFAR's initial rapid scale-up approach was largely a vertical effort focused fairly exclusively on AIDS. The purpose of our research was to identify spill-over health system effects, if any, of investments intended to stem the HIV epidemic over a 6-year period with evidence from Uganda. The test of whether there were health system expansions (aside from direct HIV programming) was evidence of increases in utilization of non-HIV ser…
Acceptability of HIV testing for men attending televised football venues in Uganda
This study suggests that HIV testing services at venues where EPL football games are televised is generally acceptable to men. In implementing such services, consideration should be given to preferences for external or unknown health workers and the motivating factors contributing to the use of these services. Given that HIV testing is currently not conducted in these settings, further research should be conducted to evaluate the feasibility of t…
Defining adequate contact for transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in an African urban environment
In this large cross-sectional study from an urban African setting, we identified two factors that can assess adequate contact between tuberculosis cases and their social network members. These findings also confirm the complexity and heterogeneity of social mixing
Drivers and barriers to workplace-based HIV self-testing among high-risk men in Uganda
We recommend the involvement of employers in workplace-based HIV self-testing to encourage participation by employees. There is need for HIV self-testing support both during and after the testing process. Both employers and employees recommend the use of non-monetary incentives, and regular training about HIV self-testing to increase the uptake and acceptability of HIV testing services at the workplace
Hepatitis B prevalence and incidence in the fishing communities of Lake Victoria, Uganda
Hepatitis B virus incidence in Lake Victoria fishing communities of Uganda is very high, particularly in the islands. Interventions to lower hepatitis B virus transmission in these communities are urgently needed
Validation of a Pictorial Survey Tool to Measure Time Use in an African Urban Setting
Background: Disease often depends on how a host interacts with his or her environment. This interaction is important for respiratory infectious diseases, where built environments may promote transmission. To learn about time use, or the amount of time people spend in a day doing various activities, in sub-Saharan Africa may be difficult because of low literacy and different cultural perceptions of time. We developed a culturally appropriate surve…
Linkage to care and treatment among men with reactive HIV self-tests after workplace-based testing in Uganda
Introduction: HIV self-testing at workplaces has the potential to reach men at risk of HIV infection with lower access to HIV testing services. While several studies have reported high uptake of HIV self-testing, linkage to HIV care following a positive result remains a challenge. This study, therefore, explored the motivators for and barriers to linkage to HIV care and treatment among men who returned positive results following workplace-based H…
Hopes, joys and fears
Uganda applies the World Health Organization threshold of 1,000 copies/ml to determine HIV viral non-suppression. While there is an emerging concern of low-level viraemia (≥50 to
Uvula infections and traditional uvulectomy
Uvulitis is the inflammation and swelling of the uvula, usually associated with infection of nearby structures. Uvulitis can be treated symptomatically, using medication or in some cases with uvulectomy, the uvula surgical removal or shortening. Traditional uvulectomy by traditional practitioners has been practiced in Africa for ages, associated with adverse outcomes. Although there is no empirical evidence for the association between adverse out…
A user-centred implementation strategy for tuberculosis contact investigation in Uganda
The trial was registered(ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT05640648) on 16 November 2022, after the trial launch on 7 March 2022
Evaluating the implementation of weekly rifapentine-isoniazid (3HP) for tuberculosis prevention among people living with HIV in Uganda
Three months of isoniazid-rifapentine (3HP) is being scaled up for tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment (TPT) among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in high-burden settings. More evidence is needed to identify factors influencing successful 3HP delivery. We conducted a qualitative assessment of 3HP delivery nested within the 3HP Options Trial, which compared three optimized strategies for delivering 3HP: facilitated directly observed therapy (DOT…
The epidemiology and outcomes of adults with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure in a low-income country in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic
BACKGROUND: Few data regarding the incidence and outcomes of acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in low- and middle-income countries exist. METHODS: We undertook a prospective, observational multicentre study at 11 Ugandan hospitals (July 2020-April 2021) to determine the prevalence, aetiology and 28-day all-cause mortality of AHRF (acute shortness of breath plus peripheral oxygen saturation 30 breaths per minute (aRR 2.39 (95% CI 1.34 to…
Barriers and facilitators to integrating tuberculosis treatment into community pharmacies for people with TB/HIV in Kampala, Uganda
Community pharmacies (private retail drug shops or pharmacies) have proven successful for delivering anti-retroviral therapy to people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Leveraging this model for tuberculosis (TB) treatment integration could improve access to both TB and HIV treatment among people with TB/HIV. We identified the barriers and facilitators to integrating TB treatment into community pharmacies for people with TB/HIV in K…
Facilitators and barriers for completion of the diagnostic process among people with presumed tuberculosis in Central Uganda
Uganda has improved its tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic processes over the years since the scale up of the Xpert MTB/RIF testing in 2012. However, there are continued delays in diagnosis and missing people with TB who are either not diagnosed or notified. We explored facilitators and barriers for completion of the TB diagnostic process among people with presumed TB in selected health facilities in Central Uganda. This was a qualitative exploration i…
Medicine (21 obras) · Environmental health (13 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (12 obras) · Public health (12 obras) · Demography (10 obras) · Family medicine (8 obras) · Biostatistics (7 obras) · Population (7 obras) · Qualitative research (7 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (6 obras)