Noralou P Roos
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 338193 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Noralou P Roos |
| NOMBRES | Noralou P |
| APELLIDO | Roos |
| FIRMA | ROOS N P |
| AFILIACIONES | Manitoba Health |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0802-2082 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 64 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 126 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 64 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1967 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Helping people access benefits
Accessing these benefits has brought and could bring additional millions of unclaimed federal dollars to eligible individuals across Canada. There is still much to be done
Social Context of Welfare in Manitoba, Canada
Why Are Some Books Important (and Others Not)
Les iniquités socioéconomiques dans les taux de blessures chez les enfants
How Health Status Affects Progress and Performance in School
From health research to social research
Family structure histories and high school completion
The purpose of this paper was to use a life course approach to investigate the association between family structure histories and high school completion. Using data from a population-based data registry for the 1984 Manitoba birth cohort, we selected a sample of children born or adopted at birth into a married or cohabiting two-parent household (n = 9,493) and derived family structure histories for each child up until the age of 18. Marital disru…
Potential Savings from Reducing Inequalities in Health
Health Service Utilization by Manitoba Children
Performance of the ACG Case-Mix System in Two Canadian Provinces
BACKGROUND: While the adjusted clinical group (ACG) system has been extensively validated in the United States, its use in other developed nations has been limited. This article examines the performance of the system in 2 Canadian provinces and assesses the extent to which ACGs can account for same-year and next-year health care expenditures. METHODS: The study population included all residents of Manitoba and British Columbia who were continuous…
Characteristics of Patients with a Regular Source of Care
Monitoring health reform
Establishing a Population Data-Based Policy Unit
The Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation (MCHPE) developed POPULIS, a population-based health information system, as a vehicle for changing the way we think about the role of health care as a determinant of health. Serving as a bridge between analysts who produce research and politicians and policymakers who use it, MCHPE has developed a research infrastructure that can transform routinely collected administrative data into policy-rel…
From Research to Policy
The Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation has now had eight years of experience as an academic research unit interfacing with policymakers. Most of our research has focused on the determinants of health and on the delivery of health care from a population perspective. Each project that we have undertaken has made its own contribution and reinforced or built on the contribution of others. By communicating closely with policymakers at al…
Issues in Planning for Specialist Physicians
OBJECTIVES: The Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation worked in support of a provincial Physician Resource Committee to address questions pertinent to assessing Manitoba's supply of specialist physicians. RESEARCH DESIGN: Because there was no direct method of determining whether the province's supply of specialists was adequate, three types of evidence were reviewed: the supply of specialists relative to recommended population/physicia…
The Unintended and Unexpected Impact of Downsizing
OBJECTIVES: In this project we assessed the impact of 1992 budget cuts ($50 million, or approximately 7% of urban hospitals' budgets) on the relative costliness of Manitoba's hospitals. The cuts targeted the teaching hospitals, those institutions we had found to be particularly costly in a previous Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation study. RESULTS: Unexpectedly, we found that because budget cuts were smaller proportionately than the…
A Comparative Study of the Costliness of Manitoba Hospitals
OBJECTIVES: In light of ongoing discussions about health care policy, this study offered a method of calculating costs at Manitoba hospitals that compared relative costliness of inpatient care provided in each hospital. RESEARCH DESIGN: This methodology also allowed comparisons across types of hospitals-teaching, community, major rural, intermediate and small rural, as well as northern isolated facilities. MEASURES: Data used in this project incl…
Managing Health Services
OBJECTIVES: University-based researchers in Manitoba, Canada, have used administrative data routinely collected as part of the national health insurance plan to design an integrated database and population-based health information system. This information system is proving useful to policymakers for answering such questions as: Which populations need more physician services? Which need fewer? Are high-risk populations poorly served? or do they ha…
Needs-Based Planning for Generalist Physicians
OBJECTIVES: The Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation (MCHPE) collaborated with a provincially-appointed Physician Resource Committee in an assessment of provincial physician resources. RESEARCH DESIGN: Beginning with map-based analyses of physician supply and contacts across the province, compared with the health and socioeconomic characteristics of local populations, the study moved to a needs-based, regression-based approach to phys…
Monitoring the Impact of Hospital Downsizing on Access to Care and Quality of Care
The most recent data used for monitoring the potential effects of bed closures in Winnipeg hospitals since 1992/93 found that despite downsizing, access to care was by no means compromised. Just as many patients were cared for in 1995/96 as in 1991/92. Changes in patterns of care included more outpatient and fewer inpatient surgeries, and a decrease in the number of hospital days. The number of high-profile surgical procedures, such as angioplast…
Administrative Data
Manitoba Centre for Health Policy and Evaluation; Department of Community Health Sciences; Faculty of Medicine; University of Manitoba; Winnipeg, Manitoba
Variation in Health and Health Care Use by Socioeconomic Status in Winnipeg, Canada
Health varies with socioeconomic status; those with higher incomes or who are better educated can expect to have better health. The success of the Canadian universal health care system in delivering care according to need was assessed. Consistent gradients in all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality according to neighborhood income characteristics are evident among Winnipeg residents. Poorer, less healthy groups receive more acute hospital care and…
Utilization of Physician Resources For Ambulatory Care
This article describes the utilization of ambulatory physician services by Manitoba residents during the fiscal year 1991/1992. Care was assigned to the patient's residence in one of eight administrative regions, whether the care was received in or out of the region of residence. Disparities in physician supply across regions did not correspond with differences in the use of services: the Winnipeg region had twice as many physicians per 1000 resi…
From Research to Policy
This article discusses the lessons learned from the experience of designing and using a population health information system and the policy implications of information generated. A useful system must include measures of the population's health status and socioeconomic risk when analyzing health care use. The strong gradient that can be demonstrated in service use across income groups where these indicators are included challenges policymakers and…
Utilization of Nursing Home Resources
The total use and cost of nursing homes in Manitoba, for the fiscal year 1991/1992 were analyzed using a population-based health information system. The use of hospital beds by elderly patients for stays of 60 days or more was also analyzed to see if long hospital stays were substituting for nursing home beds. More than one in ten Manitobans 75 years of age and older and one in three who were 85 years and older resided in a nursing home for some …
Hysterectomy
This analysis focuses on the practice of hysterectomy across 33 hospital catchment areas of one Canadian province, using claims data from the Manitoba health insurance system. Hysterectomy rates varied five-fold across hospital areas. The availability of hospitals and physicians was unrelated to area rates, and there appeared to be no access barriers in the low-rate areas. High-rate areas were characterized by women who visited large numbers of d…
The relationship of prenatal care and pregnancy complications to birthweight in Winnipeg, Canada
OBJECTIVES. Prenatal care is commonly understood to have a beneficial impact on birthweight. This study describes socioeconomic differences in utilization of prenatal medical care and birthweight in a population with universal health insurance. METHODS. Measures of prenatal care utilization, incidence of pregnancy complications, and birthweight were obtained from physician reimbursement claims and hospital separation abstracts for 12,646 pregnant…
Predictors of successful aging
In Manitoba, Canada, a representative cohort of elderly individuals ages 65 to 84 (n = 3,573) were interviewed in 1971 and the survivors of this cohort were reinterviewed in 1983. This analysis assesses the determinants of successful aging--whether or not an individual will live to an advanced age, continue to function well at home, and remain mentally alert. Over 100 separate indicators of demographic and socio-economic status, social supports, …
From health research to social research
Family structure histories and high school completion
The purpose of this paper was to use a life course approach to investigate the association between family structure histories and high school completion. Using data from a population-based data registry for the 1984 Manitoba birth cohort, we selected a sample of children born or adopted at birth into a married or cohabiting two-parent household (n = 9,493) and derived family structure histories for each child up until the age of 18. Marital disru…
Living longer but doing worse
High and low surgical rates
Patterns of surgical practice, the type of operations performed, and risk characteristics of elderly patients brought to surgery are examined in areas with differing surgical rates. This population-based analysis covering Manitoba's 56 rural hospital areas uses discharge claims filed routinely with the provincial Health Services Commission. One and a half times as much surgery was performed in high rate areas (115.2 procedures per 1,000 elderly) …
The Impact of the Physician Surplus on the Distribution of Physicians across Canada
Noralou P. Roos, Michel Gaumont, John M. Horne, The Impact of the Physician Surplus on the Distribution of Physicians across Canada, Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 2, No. 2 (Spring, 1976), pp. 169-191
Hysterectomies in one Canadian Province
This paper assesses the risks and benefits associated with hysterectomy by comparing the age-adjusted health care usage patterns of all women receiving hysterectomy in the Province of Manitoba in 1974 during the two years before and the two years after surgery with those of women undergoing cholecystectomy, and with those of an age and sex matched population sample. Less than half of the women have dilation and curettage of the uterus prior to hy…
Health Service Utilization by Manitoba Children
Monitoring health reform
The centralization of operations and access to treatment
The impact of centralized facilities on access to care was tested by studying total hip arthroplasty in the Province of Manitoba, Canada. Data from the Manitoba Health Services Commission, which insures costs of all medical services in the Province, show that the availability of this surgical procedure has increased steadily over the 1973-78 period at a rate similar to that elsewhere in North America. Although Manitoba's population is geographica…
The Study of Elite Circulation
Hospital Performance
Steele, J. L. and W. H. McBroom. 1972 Conceptual and empirical dimensions of health behavior. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour 13 (December):382-392. Suchman, E. A., Bernard S. Phillips and Gordon Streib. 1958 An analysis of the validity of health questionnaires. Social Forces 36 (March):222. United States Department of Labor. 1965 Dictionary of Occupational Titles (3rd ed.), Vol. II. Wilson, R.N. 1970 The Sociology of Health. New York: Ran…
How a Universal Health Care System Responds to an Aging Population
Health care planners are concerned with projected increases in the numbers of elderly because of their consumption of costly nursing home- and hospital-based services. Using administrative data from the Manitoba health insurance system, this article examines how a health care system has responded to increased numbers of elderly by comparing how different age groups in the population used hospitals, nursing homes, and physicians in 1975 and 1983. …
Using administrative data from Manitoba, Canada to study treatment outcomes
How Health Status Affects Progress and Performance in School
Characteristics of Patients with a Regular Source of Care
Assessing surgical risks in a population
Pollution, Regulation, and Evaluation
Understanding pollution is only partly a matter of becoming informed about technical variables and processes. It is also - or even predominantly - a matter of gaining knowledge about social and economic systems. As is the case with many other issues, we need to know why these systems "produce the results they do and how we can use understanding of them to produce more desirable ones" (Kneese, 1970: 190).The current emphasis on environmental probl…
Secondary Analysis in the Developing Areas
Journal Article SECONDARY ANALYSIS IN THE DEVELOPING AREAS Get access LESLIE L. ROOS, JR., LESLIE L. ROOS, JR. Leslie L. Roos, Jr., is an NIH Postdoctoral Fellow, and Noralou P. Roos is a Woodrow Wilson Fellow, both at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar NORALOU P. ROOS NORALOU P. ROOS Leslie L. Roos, Jr., is an NIH Postdoctoral Fellow, and Noralou P. Roos is a Woodrow…
Changing patterns of Turkish public administration
Turkey is one of the few developing nations whose political, economic, and social developments have been largely indigenous, influenced somewhat by foreign threats and foreign advice, but never by foreign domination. One author has noted that 'there is an uninterrupted chain that links the Kemalists to the Young Turks, to the men of the Tanzimat, and to the classical Ottoman Empire the sponsors of modernity in the twentieth century with the found…
Administration in Federal Systems
Pollution, Regulation, and Evaluation
Understanding pollution is only partly a matter of becoming informed about technical variables and processes. It is also - or even predominantly - a matter of gaining knowledge about social and economic systems. As is the case with many other issues, we need to know why these systems "produce the results they do and how we can use understanding of them to produce more desirable ones" (Kneese, 1970: 190).The current emphasis on environmental probl…
Education and Modernization in the Middle East. Joseph S. Szyliowicz
Proposed Guidelines for Evaluation Research
The Study of Elite Circulation
Hospital Performance
Steele, J. L. and W. H. McBroom. 1972 Conceptual and empirical dimensions of health behavior. Journal of Health and Social Behaviour 13 (December):382-392. Suchman, E. A., Bernard S. Phillips and Gordon Streib. 1958 An analysis of the validity of health questionnaires. Social Forces 36 (March):222. United States Department of Labor. 1965 Dictionary of Occupational Titles (3rd ed.), Vol. II. Wilson, R.N. 1970 The Sociology of Health. New York: Ran…
The Impact of the Physician Surplus on the Distribution of Physicians across Canada
Noralou P. Roos, Michel Gaumont, John M. Horne, The Impact of the Physician Surplus on the Distribution of Physicians across Canada, Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 2, No. 2 (Spring, 1976), pp. 169-191
Debunking a stereotype
Assessing the Impact of Tonsillectomies
This paper explores outcomes associated with the tonsillectomy operation using multiple control groups and a large claims-based data bank from the Canadian province of Manitoba. Given the difficulty of conducting large-scale clinical trials of common surgical procedures, the use of multiple methods for evaluating such interventions is both advocated and implemented in this study. When the data are restricted to respiratory diagnoses, the findings…
Reducing Potential Conflicts between Evaluators and Administrators
Impact of the Organization of Practice on Quality of Care and Physician Productivity
The association between group practice, on the one hand, and productivity and quality, on the other, is reviewed using data from a universal health insurance system. Although different patterns of practice were observed, only members of very small groups had higher patient volume than did solo practitioners. Diseconomies of scale in large groups are found. Patients were shown to visit group practitioners for somewhat more serious problems. Finall…
Continuity of Care
Continuity of care is defined and measured in terms of care received from a single physician, from several physicians practicing as a group and from physicians seen through referrals. All patients receiving tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T and As) in Manitoba for one year, as well as a group of similar individuals treated with respiratory illnesses but not having T and As, were studied. Several patient and physician characteristics were examine…
High and low surgical rates
Patterns of surgical practice, the type of operations performed, and risk characteristics of elderly patients brought to surgery are examined in areas with differing surgical rates. This population-based analysis covering Manitoba's 56 rural hospital areas uses discharge claims filed routinely with the provincial Health Services Commission. One and a half times as much surgery was performed in high rate areas (115.2 procedures per 1,000 elderly) …
The Manitoba Longitudinal Study on Aging
This research links survey data from a large probability sample of the elderly population of one Canadian province with provincial insurance data documenting all their health care use during the years before and after the interview. The data show that "the elderly" are not high users of the health care system. Instead, a small proportion of those age 65 and older account for a disproportionately of high health-care use and discusses the implicati…
Professor Roos Responds
Professor Roos Responds Noralou P. Roos E MuñozCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.72.12.1411 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Surgical Rate Variations
Major unexplained variations in surgical rates have been documented across geographic areas over at least the last four decades. This paper attempts to assess the contribution that population characteristics make to these variations. Variations in surgical rates among the elderly across 56 small rural areas are compared with variations in characteristics of the elderly population of these areas including self-reported health status, levels of dis…
Assessing Existing Technologies
An overview of the Manitoba study of common surgical procedures is presented. The research is oriented toward describing and explaining the outcomes of nine relatively common procedures, using longitudinal data from the Manitoba Health Services Commission's population registry, medical claims, and physician claims. The research approach recognizes differences among surgical procedures, tailoring the analyses to specific characteristics of a given…
Hysterectomy
This analysis focuses on the practice of hysterectomy across 33 hospital catchment areas of one Canadian province, using claims data from the Manitoba health insurance system. Hysterectomy rates varied five-fold across hospital areas. The availability of hospitals and physicians was unrelated to area rates, and there appeared to be no access barriers in the low-rate areas. High-rate areas were characterized by women who visited large numbers of d…
Hysterectomies in one Canadian Province
This paper assesses the risks and benefits associated with hysterectomy by comparing the age-adjusted health care usage patterns of all women receiving hysterectomy in the Province of Manitoba in 1974 during the two years before and the two years after surgery with those of women undergoing cholecystectomy, and with those of an age and sex matched population sample. Less than half of the women have dilation and curettage of the uterus prior to hy…
The centralization of operations and access to treatment
The impact of centralized facilities on access to care was tested by studying total hip arthroplasty in the Province of Manitoba, Canada. Data from the Manitoba Health Services Commission, which insures costs of all medical services in the Province, show that the availability of this surgical procedure has increased steadily over the 1973-78 period at a rate similar to that elsewhere in North America. Although Manitoba's population is geographica…
Elderly Nonusers of Health Care Services
Sociodemographic, health, and health care utilization data on a large representative sample of elderly and multiple logistic regression were used to compare persons making no visits to physicians for 2 years with those making few (one to three) visits but in contact with health practitioners. Results suggest that elderly nonusers are more likely than low users to be single, to have some degree of mental impairment, and to have low educational att…
Centralization, Certification, and Monitoring
Research on adverse outcomes following common surgical procedures has suggested the importance of hospital and surgeon variables. Policy directions depend on which factors are important in influencing patient outcomes and what sorts of policies are feasible. Focusing on where a given procedure is performed highlights a concern for centralization; emphasizing who should perform a particular operation implies physician certification. Finally, monit…
Assessing surgical risks in a population
Medicine (51 obras) · Healthcare Policy and Management (36 obras) · Population (29 obras) · Environmental health (27 obras) · Health care (27 obras) · Political science (23 obras) · Primary Care and Health Outcomes (23 obras) · Demography (21 obras) · Gerontology (21 obras) · Global Health Care Issues (18 obras)