Jaana Pentti
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 346760 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Jaana Pentti |
| NOMBRES | Jaana |
| APELLIDO | Pentti |
| FIRMA | PENTTI J |
| AFILIACIONES | Finnish Institute of Occupational Health |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 61 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 196 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 61 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1997 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Exposure to greenness and physical activity behavior
While higher exposure to greenness based on NDVI was associated with less MVPA and transportation PA on workdays, the changes in exposure to greenness were not associated with the changes in PA
Changes in food habits during the transition to retirement
BACKGROUND: The transition to retirement is a significant turning point in life, which may lead to changes in food habits. OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in red meat, fish, vegetables and fruit consumption during the retirement transition and whether these changes vary between sociodemographic groups. METHODS: The data were from the Whitehall II study, a cohort of 10 308 British civil servants aged 35-55 years at study induction (1985-1988). Data …
Exposure to useable green space and physical activity during active travel
Green spaces may serve as population level interventions encouraging active travel. We examined the associations between exposure to useable green space (CORINE Land Cover categories) and physical activity during active travel (GPS and accelerometer) among late middle-aged participants from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study (n = 102). Greater proportion of useable green space was associated with higher physical activity during active travel …
Does work-related and commuting physical activity predict changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior during the transition to retirement? GPS and accelerometer study
We examined how GPS and accelerometer measured work-related and commuting physical activity contribute to changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior during the retirement transition in the Finnish Retirement and Aging study (n = 118). Lower work-related activity was associated with a decrease in sedentary time and an increase in light physical activity during retirement. Conversely, higher work-related activity was associated with an inc…
Nurse Staffing Level, Length of Work Experience, and Risk of Health Care–Associated Infections Among Hospital Patients
BACKGROUND: Nurse understaffing may have several adverse consequences for patients in hospitals, such as health care-associated infections (HAIs), but there is little longitudinal evidence available on staffing levels and HAIs with consideration of incubation times to confirm this. Using daily longitudinal data, we analyzed temporal associations between nurse understaffing and limited work experience, and the risk of HAIs. METHODS: The study was …
Prediction of bullying at work
While many bivariate associations between socioeconomic characteristics, work characteristics, leadership, team climate, and job satisfaction were observed, reliable individualized detection of individuals at risk of becoming bullied at workplace was not successful. The predictive performance of the developed risk scores was suboptimal, and we do not recommend their use as an individual-level risk prediction tool. However, they might be useful to…
Clustering of social disadvantage with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults
The clustering of social disadvantage with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in young adulthood is not well understood. We examined the clustering of ADHD with low educational attainment and unemployment in young adulthood; whether such clustering is stronger when unemployment is prolonged; and whether further clustering of disability pensioning, low education and unemployment occurs among those with ADHD. Data were obtained from Sw…
Residential greenness and risks of depression
We carried out a longitudinal study on the associations between residential greenness and depression risk in urban areas in Finland. Residential greenness indicators were estimated within various buffer sizes around individuals' home locations (selected n = 14424) using time-series of normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI) and CORINE land cover data (CLC). We estimated individuals' cumulative exposure to residential greenness over a 5-ye…
Parental feeding practices and child eating behavior in different socioeconomic neighborhoods and their association with childhood weight. The STEPS study
Child obesity risk, child eating behavior and parental feeding practices show a graded association with individual level socioeconomic status. However, their associations with neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage are largely unknown. In this study (n = 682), we investigated how parental feeding practices and child eating behaviors were associated with body mass index and risk of overweight at preschool age in affluent and disadvantaged neighbo…
Diet quality in preschool children and associations with individual eating behavior and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage. The STEPS Study
A good quality diet in childhood is important for optimal growth as well as for long-term health. It is not well established how eating behaviors affect overall diet quality in childhood. Moreover, very few studies have considered the association of diet quality and a neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage in childhood. Our aim was to investigate how diet quality is associated with eating behaviors and neighborhood disadvantage and their interac…
Heavy alcohol consumption before and after negative life events in late mid-life
BACKGROUND: this group. This study aims to identify trajectories of heavy alcohol consumption before and after experiencing either divorce, or severe illness or death in the family. Furthermore, the aim is to examine characteristics of individuals belonging to each trajectory. METHODS: Longitudinal study of public sector employees from the Finnish Retirement and Aging Study with up to 5 years of annual follow-ups (n=6783; eligible sample n=1393).…
Trajectories of Worktime Control From Midlife to Retirement and Working Beyond Retirement Age
The extent to which long-term individual-oriented flexibility in working hours is associated with working beyond retirement age is not known. The aims of the present study were to identify trajectories of worktime control (WTC) and to examine whether the membership of WTC trajectories was associated with working beyond individual’s pensionable age. A total of 1,953 older employees participated in the study and had data up to 16 years before pensi…
Changes in physical activity by context and residential greenness among recent retirees
This study examined the changes in accelerometer-measured physical activity by GPS-measured contexts among Finnish retirees (n = 45 (537 measurement days)) participating in a physical activity intervention. We also assessed whether residential greenness, measured with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, moderated the changes. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) increased at home by 7 min/day, (P < 0.001) and during active travel by …
Psychological Distress During the Retirement Transition and the Role of Psychosocial Working Conditions and Social Living Environment
Psychosocial work-related stressors lead to quick recovery during the retirement transition but the social and cumulative stressors have longer-term prevailing effects on psychological distress. More studies are urged incorporating exposures across multiple levels or contexts to clarify the determinants of mental health during the retirement transition and more generally at older ages
Trajectories of work ability from mid-life to pensionable age and their association with retirement timing
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to identify the trajectories of work ability over 16 years preceding the individual pensionable age and to examine the association with retirement timing. METHODS: The study population consisted of 2612 public sector employees from the Finnish Retirement and Aging study and the Finnish Public Sector study. Participants were grouped into 'no-extension' (retired at the individual pensionable date or worked no longer tha…
Association between socioeconomic status and the development of mental and physical health conditions in adulthood
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic disadvantage is a risk factor for many diseases. We characterised cascades of these conditions by using a data-driven approach to examine the association between socioeconomic status and temporal sequences in the development of 56 common diseases and health conditions. METHODS: In this multi-cohort study, we used data from two Finnish prospective cohort studies: the Health and Social Support study and the Finnish Public …
Association between education and television viewing among older working and retired people
A similar association between educational attainment and high-duration television viewing in Finland and Japan particularly after retirement suggests a robust and consistent impact of educational attainment on a sedentary lifestyle after retirements
Neighborhood socioeconomic status and adherence to dietary recommendations among Finnish adults
Changes in drinking as predictors of changes in sickness absence
BACKGROUND: We investigated whether changes in alcohol use predict changes in the risk of sickness absence in a case-crossover design. METHODS: Finnish public sector employees were surveyed in 2000, 2004 and 2008 on alcohol use and covariates. Heavy drinking was defined as either a weekly intake that exceeded recommendations (12 units for women; 23 for men) or having an extreme drinking session. The responses were linked to national sickness abse…
Changes in non-occupational sedentary behaviours across the retirement transition
BACKGROUND: Retirement is a major life transition which may influence health behaviours and time use. Little is known about how sedentary behaviour changes as a result of increased time availability after retirement. The aim of this study was to examine changes in non-occupational sedentary behaviours across the retirement transition. In addition, we examined which preretirement characteristics were associated with these changes. METHODS: The stu…
Chronic diseases as predictors of labour market attachment after participation in subsidised re-employment programme
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the work patterns of re-employed people. We investigated the labour market attachment trajectories of re-employed people and assessed the influence of chronic diseases on these trajectories. METHODS: The study was based on register data of 18 944 people (aged 18-60 years) who participated in a subsidised re-employment programme in Finland. Latent class growth analysis with zero-inflated Poisson was used to model …
Socioeconomic gradient in work disability in diabetes
BACKGROUND: The role of socioeconomic status in work disability among employees with diabetes is not well known. We examined the association between socioeconomic status and work disability among employees with and without diabetes taking into account comorbid conditions. METHODS: We used individual participant data from three occupational cohorts from Finland, France and the UK (employees with diabetes, n=2170, age-matched and sex-matched contro…
Long working hours and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke
Return to Work After Depression-Related Absence by Employees With and Without Other Health Conditions
OBJECTIVE: Among employees with depression, diagnoses of other psychiatric and somatic conditions are common. However, few studies have examined whether the combined presence of depression and other psychiatric or somatic disorders adversely affects return to work after depression-related absence from work. METHODS: We examined the association of present and recent psychiatric and somatic conditions and return to work after depression-related abs…
Work Disability Before and After Diabetes Diagnosis
Objectives. We evaluated the risk of work disability (sick leave and disability pension) before and after diabetes diagnosis relative to individuals without diabetes during the same time period, as well as the trajectory of work disability around the diagnosis. Methods. This Swedish population-based cohort study with register data included 14 428 individuals with incident diabetes in 2006 and 39 702 individuals without diabetes during 2003 to 200…
When It Is Better to Give Than to Receive
The authors examined esteem enhancement theory and equity theory in explaining the long-term health status of men (n = 178) and women (n = 575). Baseline characteristics were measured in 1990-1993, intimate reciprocity in 1993, and recorded sickness absences for a 9-year period during 1993-2001. Among women, giving more support than receiving in intimate relationships positively affected subsequent health status, as indicated by fewer sickness ab…
Effect of change in the psychosocial work environment on sickness absence
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of changes in psychosocial work environment on subsequent sickness absence. DESIGN: Analysis of questionnaire and sickness absence data collected in three time periods: 1990-1991, before the recession; 1993, worst slump during the recession; and 1993-1997, a period after changes. SETTING: Raisio, a town in south western Finland, during and after a period of economic decline. PARTICIPANTS: 530 municipal e…
Social capital at work as a predictor of employee health
Work stress, smoking status, and smoking intensity
Study objective: To examine the relation between work stress, as indicated by the job strain model, and the effort-reward imbalance model, and smoking. Setting: Ten municipalities and 21 hospitals in Finland. Design and participants: Binary logistic regression models for the prevalence of smoking were related to survey responses of 37 309 female and 8881 male Finnish public sector employees aged 17–65. Separate multinomial logistic regression mod…
Sickness absence as a risk marker of future disability pension
Un reconocido factor de competitividad son las personas; así hoy día se habla de capital intelectual, capital humano, potencial humano, talento humano todos referidos al papel que tiene el hombre en la organización. En la evolución histórica de la gestión empresarial se le ha asignado un determinado papel dentro de este sistema, y de forma explícita o implícita ha sido siempre el elemento fundamental en el desarrollo de las diferentes actividades…
Locality and habitus
Organisational downsizing and increased use of psychotropic drugs among employees who remain in employment
Objective: Organisational downsizing is common in modern work life, but its effect on employees’ mental health is not known. The authors examined whether working in downsizing organisations predicts use of psychotropic drugs among employees who remain in employment. Design, setting and participants: Prospective cohort study of municipal employees in Finland. 4783 employees worked in downsized units but kept their jobs after downsizing in 1993, 42…
Social capital in working life and the health of employees
Human Costs of Organizational Downsizing
We studied health‐related selection and consequences of an organizational downsizing among 886 municipal employees. Measurements of health indicators were conducted before any rumor of the downsizing and immediately after the downsizing 3 years later. Results of predownsizing health showed that those who did not find employment after the staff reductions were older employees with high preexisting morbidity. Those getting a new job elsewhere were …
Combined effects of uncertainty and organizational justice on employee health
Workplace as an origin of health inequalities
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the workplace on the socioeconomic gradient of sickness absence. DESIGN: Comparison of the relation between socioeconomic status and employee sickness absence in three different towns. SETTINGS: The towns of Raisio, Valkeakoski, and Nokia in Finland. They are equal in size and regional social deprivation indices, located in the neighbourhood of a larger city, and produce the same services to the inhabitants…
Job Strain and Health-Related Lifestyle
Objectives. We examined the associations of job strain, an indicator of work-related stress, with overall unhealthy and healthy lifestyles. Methods. We conducted a meta-analysis of individual-level data from 11 European studies (cross-sectional data: n = 118 701; longitudinal data: n = 43 971). We analyzed job strain as a set of binary (job strain vs no job strain) and categorical (high job strain, active job, passive job, and low job strain) var…
Organisational downsizing as a predictor of disability pension
Objective: To examine whether downsizing, the reduction of personnel in organisations, is a predictor of increased risk of disability retirement among employees who kept their jobs. Design: Prospective cohort study. Based on reductions of personnel in participants’ occupation and workplace, employees were grouped into exposure categories of no downsizing (less than 8% reduction), minor downsizing (reduction between 8% and 18%), and major downsizi…
Employee worktime control moderates the effects of job strain and effort-reward imbalance on sickness absence
Study objective: To examine whether the effects of work stress on sickness absence vary by the level of control the employees have over their working times. Design: Prospective cohort study. A survey of job strain, effort-reward imbalance, and control over daily working hours and days off was carried out in 2000–01. The survey responses were linked with registered data on the number of medically certified (>3 days) sickness absences from one year…
Age-related trajectories of physical functioning in work and retirement
BACKGROUND: Loss of physical functioning is an early marker of declining health in older people. The objective of this study was to examine the age-related trajectories of physical functioning among those in full-time work and retirement. METHODS: Based on the Health and Retirement Study, participants who were working full-time or were in full-time retirement and 65-85 years of age during the follow-up period from 1992 to 2010 were included (n=17…
Job strain as a predictor of disability pension
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether high job strain (a combination of high job demands and low job control) is a risk factor for disability pension. SETTING: Ten municipalities and 21 hospitals in Finland. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: A prospective cohort study of 20 386 female and 4 764 male Finnish public sector employees aged 19-50 using data from two surveys (baseline in 2000-2 and follow-up in 2005) and employers' registers. In addition to self-report…
Economy and job contract as contexts of sickness absence practices
Work Disability Before and After Diabetes Diagnosis
Objectives. We evaluated the risk of work disability (sick leave and disability pension) before and after diabetes diagnosis relative to individuals without diabetes during the same time period, as well as the trajectory of work disability around the diagnosis. Methods. This Swedish population-based cohort study with register data included 14 428 individuals with incident diabetes in 2006 and 39 702 individuals without diabetes during 2003 to 200…
Workplace Social Capital and All-Cause Mortality
Objectives. We examined the association between workplace social capital and all-cause mortality in a large occupational cohort from Finland. Methods. We linked responses of 28 043 participants to surveys in 2000 to 2002 and in 2004 to national mortality registers through 2009. We used repeated measurements of self- and coworker-assessed social capital. We carried out Cox proportional hazard and fixed-effects logistic regressions. Results. During…
Trajectories of Worktime Control From Midlife to Retirement and Working Beyond Retirement Age
The extent to which long-term individual-oriented flexibility in working hours is associated with working beyond retirement age is not known. The aims of the present study were to identify trajectories of worktime control (WTC) and to examine whether the membership of WTC trajectories was associated with working beyond individual’s pensionable age. A total of 1,953 older employees participated in the study and had data up to 16 years before pensi…
Changes in physical activity by context and residential greenness among recent retirees
This study examined the changes in accelerometer-measured physical activity by GPS-measured contexts among Finnish retirees (n = 45 (537 measurement days)) participating in a physical activity intervention. We also assessed whether residential greenness, measured with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, moderated the changes. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) increased at home by 7 min/day, (P < 0.001) and during active travel by …
Changes in non-occupational sedentary behaviours across the retirement transition
BACKGROUND: Retirement is a major life transition which may influence health behaviours and time use. Little is known about how sedentary behaviour changes as a result of increased time availability after retirement. The aim of this study was to examine changes in non-occupational sedentary behaviours across the retirement transition. In addition, we examined which preretirement characteristics were associated with these changes. METHODS: The stu…
Neighbourhood socioeconomic status, health and working conditions of school teachers
Objective: To investigate the associations of workplace neighbourhood socioeconomic status with health behaviours, health and working conditions among school teachers. Method: The survey responses and employer records of 1862 teachers were linked to census data on school neighbourhood socioeconomic status. In the multilevel analysis, adjustments were made for demographics, work factors and the socioeconomic status of the teacher’s own residential…
Changes in food habits during the transition to retirement
BACKGROUND: The transition to retirement is a significant turning point in life, which may lead to changes in food habits. OBJECTIVE: To examine changes in red meat, fish, vegetables and fruit consumption during the retirement transition and whether these changes vary between sociodemographic groups. METHODS: The data were from the Whitehall II study, a cohort of 10 308 British civil servants aged 35-55 years at study induction (1985-1988). Data …
Prediction of bullying at work
While many bivariate associations between socioeconomic characteristics, work characteristics, leadership, team climate, and job satisfaction were observed, reliable individualized detection of individuals at risk of becoming bullied at workplace was not successful. The predictive performance of the developed risk scores was suboptimal, and we do not recommend their use as an individual-level risk prediction tool. However, they might be useful to…
Effect of organisational downsizing on health of employees
Workplace as an origin of health inequalities
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the workplace on the socioeconomic gradient of sickness absence. DESIGN: Comparison of the relation between socioeconomic status and employee sickness absence in three different towns. SETTINGS: The towns of Raisio, Valkeakoski, and Nokia in Finland. They are equal in size and regional social deprivation indices, located in the neighbourhood of a larger city, and produce the same services to the inhabitants…
Effect of change in the psychosocial work environment on sickness absence
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of changes in psychosocial work environment on subsequent sickness absence. DESIGN: Analysis of questionnaire and sickness absence data collected in three time periods: 1990-1991, before the recession; 1993, worst slump during the recession; and 1993-1997, a period after changes. SETTING: Raisio, a town in south western Finland, during and after a period of economic decline. PARTICIPANTS: 530 municipal e…
Locality and habitus
Human Costs of Organizational Downsizing
We studied health‐related selection and consequences of an organizational downsizing among 886 municipal employees. Measurements of health indicators were conducted before any rumor of the downsizing and immediately after the downsizing 3 years later. Results of predownsizing health showed that those who did not find employment after the staff reductions were older employees with high preexisting morbidity. Those getting a new job elsewhere were …
Sickness absence as a risk marker of future disability pension
Un reconocido factor de competitividad son las personas; así hoy día se habla de capital intelectual, capital humano, potencial humano, talento humano todos referidos al papel que tiene el hombre en la organización. En la evolución histórica de la gestión empresarial se le ha asignado un determinado papel dentro de este sistema, y de forma explícita o implícita ha sido siempre el elemento fundamental en el desarrollo de las diferentes actividades…
Economy and job contract as contexts of sickness absence practices
Social capital in working life and the health of employees
Work stress, smoking status, and smoking intensity
Study objective: To examine the relation between work stress, as indicated by the job strain model, and the effort-reward imbalance model, and smoking. Setting: Ten municipalities and 21 hospitals in Finland. Design and participants: Binary logistic regression models for the prevalence of smoking were related to survey responses of 37 309 female and 8881 male Finnish public sector employees aged 17–65. Separate multinomial logistic regression mod…
Employee worktime control moderates the effects of job strain and effort-reward imbalance on sickness absence
Study objective: To examine whether the effects of work stress on sickness absence vary by the level of control the employees have over their working times. Design: Prospective cohort study. A survey of job strain, effort-reward imbalance, and control over daily working hours and days off was carried out in 2000–01. The survey responses were linked with registered data on the number of medically certified (>3 days) sickness absences from one year…
Organisational downsizing as a predictor of disability pension
Objective: To examine whether downsizing, the reduction of personnel in organisations, is a predictor of increased risk of disability retirement among employees who kept their jobs. Design: Prospective cohort study. Based on reductions of personnel in participants’ occupation and workplace, employees were grouped into exposure categories of no downsizing (less than 8% reduction), minor downsizing (reduction between 8% and 18%), and major downsizi…
When It Is Better to Give Than to Receive
The authors examined esteem enhancement theory and equity theory in explaining the long-term health status of men (n = 178) and women (n = 575). Baseline characteristics were measured in 1990-1993, intimate reciprocity in 1993, and recorded sickness absences for a 9-year period during 1993-2001. Among women, giving more support than receiving in intimate relationships positively affected subsequent health status, as indicated by fewer sickness ab…
Combined effects of uncertainty and organizational justice on employee health
Sex Differences in Health Effects of Family Death or Illness
OBJECTIVE: To study sex differences in health after stressful life events in the family. METHOD: We examined the association between a serious event (death or severe illness of spouse, death or severe illness of other family member, death of close relative) and health among 6,095 male and 21,217 female public sector employees in Finland by repeated measures Poisson regression analysis with the generalized estimating equations method. The longitud…
Effort-reward imbalance at work and the co-occurrence of lifestyle risk factors
This study suggests that a high ratio of occupational efforts relative to rewards may be associated with an elevated risk of having multiple lifestyle risk factors. However, an unexpected association between low effort and a higher likelihood of risk factor co-occurrence as well as the absence of data on overcommitment (and thereby a lack of full test of the ERI model) warrant caution in regard to the extent to which the entire ERI model is suppo…
Psychometric evaluation of a short measure of social capital at work
Psychometric techniques show our 8-item measure of social capital to be a valid tool reflecting the construct and displaying the postulated links with other variables
Organisational downsizing and increased use of psychotropic drugs among employees who remain in employment
Objective: Organisational downsizing is common in modern work life, but its effect on employees’ mental health is not known. The authors examined whether working in downsizing organisations predicts use of psychotropic drugs among employees who remain in employment. Design, setting and participants: Prospective cohort study of municipal employees in Finland. 4783 employees worked in downsized units but kept their jobs after downsizing in 1993, 42…
Neighbourhood socioeconomic status, health and working conditions of school teachers
Objective: To investigate the associations of workplace neighbourhood socioeconomic status with health behaviours, health and working conditions among school teachers. Method: The survey responses and employer records of 1862 teachers were linked to census data on school neighbourhood socioeconomic status. In the multilevel analysis, adjustments were made for demographics, work factors and the socioeconomic status of the teacher’s own residential…
Sense of coherence and attrition during four-year follow-up in cohorts of permanent and non-permanent Finnish employees
SOC is a potential source of non-random sample attrition and should be taken into account for when estimating bias due to non-participation in occupational cohorts that include fixed-term employees
Relationship between job strain and smoking cessation
Smoking cessation may be less likely in workplaces with high strain and low control. Policies and programs addressing employee job strain and control might also contribute to the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions
Social capital at work as a predictor of employee health
The Role of Work Group in Individual Sickness Absence Behavior
The purpose of our two-year follow-up study was to examine the effect of the social components of the work group, such as group absence norms and cohesion, on sickness absence behavior among individuals with varying attitudes toward work attendance. The social components were measured using a questionnaire survey, and data on sickness absence behavior were collected from the employers' records. The study population consisted of 19,306 Finnish mun…
Self-rated health before and after retirement in France (Gazel)
Job strain as a predictor of disability pension
OBJECTIVE: To examine whether high job strain (a combination of high job demands and low job control) is a risk factor for disability pension. SETTING: Ten municipalities and 21 hospitals in Finland. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS: A prospective cohort study of 20 386 female and 4 764 male Finnish public sector employees aged 19-50 using data from two surveys (baseline in 2000-2 and follow-up in 2005) and employers' registers. In addition to self-report…
Does organisational justice protect from sickness absence following a major life event? A Finnish public sector study
BACKGROUND: It has been shown that fairness perceptions have a strong impact on health, especially under conditions of great work stress. The aim of this study was to extend previous research in studying whether working in high justice workplace would protect from health effects following environmental stressors outside work. METHODS: Using a prospective longitudinal design, the relationships between organisational justice and sickness-related ab…
Medicine (50 obras) · Workplace Health and Well-being (32 obras) · Environmental health (30 obras) · Demography (28 obras) · Gerontology (27 obras) · Psychology (27 obras) · Employment and Welfare Studies (23 obras) · Population (22 obras) · Gerontology (20 obras) · Health disparities and outcomes (14 obras)