K T Strongman
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 347222 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | K T Strongman |
| NOMBRES | K T |
| APELLIDO | Strongman |
| FIRMA | STRONGMAN K T |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Exeter |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 17 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 0 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 17 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1967 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2003 |
| ÍNDICE H | 0 |
The psychology of emotion
VII. Contributions to Psychohistory
285 short stories from New Zealand and Australian literary magazines were content analyzed with respect to the main emotion or emotions portrayed. Analysis showed that there was far more concern with negative than with positive emotion, although this differed within the two countries surveyed. Also, certain emotions stand out as being of major concern. Results are discussed in terms of the reflection of emotion in the writers of psychology and of…
A LA Recherche De L'Emotion Perdu
Open-ended interviews were conducted with 29 subjects who were encouraged to describe in whatever way they wished any personal emotional experiences they could remember. The taped records of the interviews were analysed to determine the number of experiences recalled, the period of life from which they came, their emotional tone, and the descriptive mode used. Results were considered with respect to cultural restraints on the discussion of emotio…
Rank (status) and interaction distance
Emotional experience and the implication grid
The research reported here consisted of a series of experiments aimed at developing a technique which could be used in the study of personal emotional experience. Hinkle's development (1965) of Kelly's construct theory (1955) was chosen as the starting point. Hinkle's original technique was applied using emotional rather than interpersonal constructs. This failed to demonstrate the internal consistency of the implication grid methodology shown in…
The Psychology of Military Incompetence
Reward Shift and General Activity in the Rat
Food‐deprived hooded rats were exposed to 50 irregular 60 sec. presentations of a CS (light) in an activity monitoring situation. For one group the onset of the CS was accompanied by the delivery of a 300 mg food pellet. A second group were not fed in the presence of the CS. During 50 subsequent test presentations of the CS, half of each group were shifted to the other reward level on a random 50 per cent of occasions. Training conditions were th…
Frustration and Elation Effects in Operant Analogues of the Double Runway
Two experiments were carried out to clarify the effects of frustration and elation (reward shift) procedures in an operant analogue of the double runway. In one experiment subjects were prevented from responding in the presence of stimuli associated with reward shift. Comparison of experimental and unshifted control groups provided no evidence for frustration or elation effects under these conditions. This was in agreement with the results of pre…
Frustration and Choice
Handling and Food Intake in Hooded Rats
Qualitative Reward Shift in the Double Runway
Ten rats received 90 trials, one per day, in an L‐shaped double runway. For 70 acquisition trials reward in both goal boxes was two 45 mg standard diet Noyes pellets. On 10 of the subsequent 20 test trials reward in the first goal box was changed to two 45 mg sucrose pellets (a preferred food). During the test period first alley run times fell below the training level. Second alley start times following sucrose were greater than those following n…
Baseline Dependent Facilitation
Two groups of six pigeons were trained to key‐peck on either a VI or a DRL schedule of positive reinforcement. After response rates were stable subjects were presented with one of the following combinations of a signal and free reward over several sessions. For one subgroup of three birds in each group, an auditory stimulus was paired with free reward whilst birds were prevented from making the operant response. Birds in the remaining subgroups r…
Operant Facilitation During a Pre‐reward Stimulus
Thirty‐two human subjects received contingent or random presentations of a conditioning stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US) whilst working on one of two time‐related baseline schedules of positive reinforcement. The US consisted of a free reward of high or low magnitude. The two levels of each of these three variables were incorporated in a 2 times 2 × 2 factorial design. A response facilitation in the contingent CS–US groups was fou…
Anxiety, Neuroticism and Extraversion
Very high positive correlations ( N = 85) were observed between the Taylor MAS, Cattell's Anxiety Scale Questionnaire and the neuroticism dimension of the EPI. There were no significant correlations between these and the extraversion dimension of the EPI
Elation
The concept of elation is defined as a non‐instrumental change in the vigour of responding brought about by an upward shift in conditions of reward. It is seen that this reward change could be contingent or non‐contingent on behaviour; it could be signalled or unsignalled; and the changed reward could be the same or different in quantity and/or quality from that which went before. Studies under the eight categories suggested by this analysis are …
Stereotyped Reactions to Body Build
Written descriptions of physical characteristics and a questionnaire concerning personality traits were used to determine whether or not there is a perceived relationship between body type and personality. Results showed that stereotypes are held and that these largely correspond to Sheldon's original (1942) hypotheses concerning physique and ‘temperament.’
Extinction Performance as a Function of Reinforcement Magnitude and Number of Training Trials
A number of studies have related performance during spacedtrial extinction to the number of trials and/or the magnitude of reward previously experienced during training. A comparison of these studies supports a suggestion made by Ison (1962) that performance during extinction is an inverted U-shaped function of the number of training trials, with the peak of the function determined by the magnitude of reward experienced during training
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Extinction Performance as a Function of Reinforcement Magnitude and Number of Training Trials
A number of studies have related performance during spacedtrial extinction to the number of trials and/or the magnitude of reward previously experienced during training. A comparison of these studies supports a suggestion made by Ison (1962) that performance during extinction is an inverted U-shaped function of the number of training trials, with the peak of the function determined by the magnitude of reward experienced during training
Stereotyped Reactions to Body Build
Written descriptions of physical characteristics and a questionnaire concerning personality traits were used to determine whether or not there is a perceived relationship between body type and personality. Results showed that stereotypes are held and that these largely correspond to Sheldon's original (1942) hypotheses concerning physique and ‘temperament.’
Anxiety, Neuroticism and Extraversion
Very high positive correlations ( N = 85) were observed between the Taylor MAS, Cattell's Anxiety Scale Questionnaire and the neuroticism dimension of the EPI. There were no significant correlations between these and the extraversion dimension of the EPI
Elation
The concept of elation is defined as a non‐instrumental change in the vigour of responding brought about by an upward shift in conditions of reward. It is seen that this reward change could be contingent or non‐contingent on behaviour; it could be signalled or unsignalled; and the changed reward could be the same or different in quantity and/or quality from that which went before. Studies under the eight categories suggested by this analysis are …
Frustration and Choice
Handling and Food Intake in Hooded Rats
Qualitative Reward Shift in the Double Runway
Ten rats received 90 trials, one per day, in an L‐shaped double runway. For 70 acquisition trials reward in both goal boxes was two 45 mg standard diet Noyes pellets. On 10 of the subsequent 20 test trials reward in the first goal box was changed to two 45 mg sucrose pellets (a preferred food). During the test period first alley run times fell below the training level. Second alley start times following sucrose were greater than those following n…
Baseline Dependent Facilitation
Two groups of six pigeons were trained to key‐peck on either a VI or a DRL schedule of positive reinforcement. After response rates were stable subjects were presented with one of the following combinations of a signal and free reward over several sessions. For one subgroup of three birds in each group, an auditory stimulus was paired with free reward whilst birds were prevented from making the operant response. Birds in the remaining subgroups r…
Operant Facilitation During a Pre‐reward Stimulus
Thirty‐two human subjects received contingent or random presentations of a conditioning stimulus (CS) and an unconditioned stimulus (US) whilst working on one of two time‐related baseline schedules of positive reinforcement. The US consisted of a free reward of high or low magnitude. The two levels of each of these three variables were incorporated in a 2 times 2 × 2 factorial design. A response facilitation in the contingent CS–US groups was fou…
Reward Shift and General Activity in the Rat
Food‐deprived hooded rats were exposed to 50 irregular 60 sec. presentations of a CS (light) in an activity monitoring situation. For one group the onset of the CS was accompanied by the delivery of a 300 mg food pellet. A second group were not fed in the presence of the CS. During 50 subsequent test presentations of the CS, half of each group were shifted to the other reward level on a random 50 per cent of occasions. Training conditions were th…
Frustration and Elation Effects in Operant Analogues of the Double Runway
Two experiments were carried out to clarify the effects of frustration and elation (reward shift) procedures in an operant analogue of the double runway. In one experiment subjects were prevented from responding in the presence of stimuli associated with reward shift. Comparison of experimental and unshifted control groups provided no evidence for frustration or elation effects under these conditions. This was in agreement with the results of pre…
The Psychology of Military Incompetence
Emotional experience and the implication grid
The research reported here consisted of a series of experiments aimed at developing a technique which could be used in the study of personal emotional experience. Hinkle's development (1965) of Kelly's construct theory (1955) was chosen as the starting point. Hinkle's original technique was applied using emotional rather than interpersonal constructs. This failed to demonstrate the internal consistency of the implication grid methodology shown in…
A LA Recherche De L'Emotion Perdu
Open-ended interviews were conducted with 29 subjects who were encouraged to describe in whatever way they wished any personal emotional experiences they could remember. The taped records of the interviews were analysed to determine the number of experiences recalled, the period of life from which they came, their emotional tone, and the descriptive mode used. Results were considered with respect to cultural restraints on the discussion of emotio…
Rank (status) and interaction distance
VII. Contributions to Psychohistory
285 short stories from New Zealand and Australian literary magazines were content analyzed with respect to the main emotion or emotions portrayed. Analysis showed that there was far more concern with negative than with positive emotion, although this differed within the two countries surveyed. Also, certain emotions stand out as being of major concern. Results are discussed in terms of the reflection of emotion in the writers of psychology and of…
The psychology of emotion
Psychology (15 obras) · Social Psychology (10 obras) · Developmental psychology (8 obras) · Social Psychology (6 obras) · Audiology (5 obras) · Medicine (5 obras) · Reinforcement (4 obras) · Cognitive psychology (3 obras) · Computer Science (3 obras) · Internal Medicine (3 obras)