Samuel Oti
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3478020 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Samuel Oti |
| NOMBRES | Samuel |
| APELLIDO | Oti |
| FIRMA | OTI S |
| AFILIACIONES | African Population and Health Research Center |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-1035-9511 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 25 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 13 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 25 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2011 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Towards authentic institutional allyship by global health funders
From vaccine to visa apartheid, how anti-Blackness persists in global health
What do history and fighting with your brother or sister have in common? Conflict. Looking at the history of national interactions over the centuries, we see a recurrence of conflicts frequently leading to wars that cost dearly in terms of lives, property, the environment, and the well-being of society. Although conflicts are an unavoidable part of personal and national life, we can learn how to deal with them constructively and non-violently. Th…
Decolonising global health
box As evidenced by a plethora of publications, webinars, and social media hashtags, the last year or two have seen an amplification of calls for the decolonisation of global health.1–5 These calls have largely been virtually echoed in the hallways of academic institutions in the Global North such as the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Duke University and Harvard University. For reasons which we can only speculate about such as fe…
Identifying gaps in HIV policy and practice along the HIV care continuum
The last decade has seen rapid evolution in guidance from the WHO concerning the provision of HIV services along the diagnosis-to-treatment continuum, but the extent to which these recommendations are adopted as national policies in Kenya, and subsequently implemented in health facilities, is not well understood. Identifying gaps in policy coverage and implementation is important for highlighting areas for improving service delivery, leading to b…
Interlinkage among cardio-metabolic disease markers in an urban poor setting in Nairobi, Kenya
INTRODUCTION: The main cardio-metabolic diseases - mostly cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and ischemic heart disease - share common clinical markers such as raised blood pressure and blood glucose. The pathways of development of many of these conditions are also interlinked. In this regard, a higher level of co-occurrence of the main cardio-metabolic disease markers is expected. Evidence about the patterns of occurrence of cardio-metabolic…
Impact evaluation of a community-based intervention for prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the slums of Nairobi
BACKGROUND: A combination of increasing urbanization, behaviour change, and lack of health services in slums put the urban poor specifically at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a community-based CVD prevention intervention on blood pressure (BP) and other CVD risk factors in a slum setting in Nairobi, Kenya. DESIGN: Prospective intervention study includes awareness campaigns, household visits for sc…
Cardiovascular prevention model from Kenyan slums to migrants in the Netherlands
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As prevention and treatment of CVD often requires active screening and lifelong follow up it is a challenge for health systems both in high-income and low and middle-income countries to deliver adequate care to those in need, with efficient use of resources.We developed a health service model for primary prevention of CVD suitable for implementation in the Nair…
Profile of people with hypertension in Nairobi’s slums
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a rising health burden among the world's poor with hypertension as the main risk factor. In sub-Saharan Africa, hypertension is increasingly affecting the urban population of which a substantial part lives in slums. This study aims to give insight into the profile of patients with hypertension living in slums of Nairobi, Kenya. METHODS: Sociodemographic and anthropometric data as well as clinical measur…
Co-occurrence of behavioral risk factors of common non-communicable diseases among urban slum dwellers in Nairobi, Kenya
BACKGROUND: The four common non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 80% of NCD-related deaths worldwide. The four NCDs share four common risk factors. As most of the existing evidence on the common NCD risk factors is based on analysis of a single factor at a time, there is a need to investigate the co-occurrence of the common NCD risk factors, particularly in an urban slum setting in sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalenc…
Trends in Causes of Adult Deaths among the Urban Poor
Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013
Cause-specific childhood mortality in Africa and Asia
BACKGROUND: Childhood mortality, particularly in the first 5 years of life, is a major global concern and the target of Millennium Development Goal 4. Although the majority of childhood deaths occur in Africa and Asia, these are also the regions where such deaths are least likely to be registered. The INDEPTH Network works to alleviate this problem by collating detailed individual data from defined Health and Demographic Surveillance sites. By re…
Pregnancy-related mortality in Africa and Asia
BACKGROUND: Women continue to die in unacceptably large numbers around the world as a result of pregnancy, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Part of the problem is a lack of accurate, population-based information characterising the issues and informing solutions. Population surveillance sites, such as those operated within the INDEPTH Network, have the potential to contribute to bridging the information gaps. OBJECTIVE: To describe pat…
Mortality from external causes in Africa and Asia
BACKGROUND: Mortality from external causes, of all kinds, is an important component of overall mortality on a global basis. However, these deaths, like others in Africa and Asia, are often not counted or documented on an individual basis. Overviews of the state of external cause mortality in Africa and Asia are therefore based on uncertain information. The INDEPTH Network maintains longitudinal surveillance, including cause of death, at populatio…
Adult non-communicable disease mortality in Africa and Asia
BACKGROUND: Mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a major global issue, as other categories of mortality have diminished and life expectancy has increased. The World Health Organization's Member States have called for a 25% reduction in premature NCD mortality by 2025, which can only be achieved by substantial reductions in risk factors and improvements in the management of chronic conditions. A high burden of NCD mortality among muc…
Trends in non-communicable disease mortality among adult residents in Nairobi's slums, 2003–2011
BACKGROUND: About 80% of deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) occur in developing countries such as Kenya. However, not much is known about the burden of NCDs in slums, which account for about 60% of the residences of the urban population in Kenya. This study examines trends in NCD mortality from two slum settings in Nairobi. DESIGN: We use verbal autopsy data on 1954 deaths among adults aged 35 years and older who were registered in the …
Introducing a model of cardiovascular prevention in Nairobi's slums by integrating a public health and private-sector approach
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with annual deaths expected to increase to 2 million by 2030. Currently, most national health systems in SSA are not adequately prepared for this epidemic. This is especially so in slum settlements where access to formal healthcare and resources is limited. OBJECTIVE: To develop and introduce a model of cardiovascular prevention in the slums of Nai…
Use of anchoring vignettes to evaluate health reporting behavior amongst adults aged 50 years and above in Africa and Asia – testing assumptions
BACKGROUND: Comparing self-rating health responses across individuals and cultures is misleading due to different reporting behaviors. Anchoring vignettes is a technique that allows identifying and adjusting self-rating responses for reporting heterogeneity (RH). OBJECTIVE: This article aims to test two crucial assumptions of vignette equivalence (VE) and response consistency (RC) that are required to be met before vignettes can be used to adjust…
InterVA versus Spectrum
BACKGROUND: The Spectrum computer package is used to generate national AIDS mortality estimates in settings where vital registration systems are lacking. Similarly, InterVA-4 (the latest version of the InterVA programme) is used to estimate cause-of-mortality data in countries where cause-specific mortality data are not available. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare trends in adult AIDS-related mortality estimated by Spectrum with trends from t…
Community Perceptions of Air Pollution and Related Health Risks in Nairobi Slums
Air pollution is among the leading global risks for mortality and responsible for increasing risk for chronic diseases. Community perceptions on exposure are critical in determining people's response and acceptance of related policies. Therefore, understanding people' perception is critical in informing the design of appropriate intervention measures. The aim of this paper was to establish levels and associations between perceived pollution and h…
HIV mortality in urban slums of Nairobi, Kenya 2003–2010
Population-level HIV mortality in Nairobi's slums was significantly lower in the approximate period coinciding with the scale-up of ART provision in Kenya. However, further studies that incorporate ART coverage data in mortality estimates are needed. Such information will enhance our understanding of the full impact of ART scale-up in reducing adult mortality among marginalized slum populations in Kenya
Family Ties and Urban–Rural Linkages among Older Migrants in Nairobi Informal Settlements
Building on African migration as a household survival strategy; urban–rural linkages as critical for migrants' continued engagement with origin communities; reintegration in case of return; and safety net for supplementing precarious urban incomes; we examine the role of family ties in rural origin linkages among 1,693 older migrants living in Nairobi informal settlements. Despite the grim of slum residence, 80% of older migrants in Nairobi slums…
Determinants for HIV testing and counselling in Nairobi urban informal settlements
Although the proportion of individuals ever tested in the informal settlements is similar to the national average, it remains low compared to that of Nairobi province especially among men. Key determinants of HIV testing and counselling include; gender, age, education level, HIV status and marital status. These factors need to be considered in efforts aimed at increasing participation in HIV testing
P2-149 Behavioural risk factors for CVD among adult slum dwellers in Nairobi
Introduction About 80% of deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCD) occur in developing countries and behavioural risk factors that underlie the burden of major NCD are on the rise in SSA. However, most research and development work has focused on communicable diseases such as malaria and HIV/AIDS while neglecting NCD. This study aims to contribute to the state of knowledge on the prevalence of modifiable risk factors for NCD specifically cardi…
P2-232 Cardiovascular disease conditions
Introduction The burden of Non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and their risk factors are rising in Sub Saharan Africa. In Kenya, prevalence of overweight and obesity among reproductive-age females almost doubled over a fifteen-year period (13%–23%) between 1993 and 2008. This may be attributable to rapid urbanisation and unhealthy lifestyles. Little is known about prevalence and awareness levels of CVD in Sub Saha…
Family Ties and Urban–Rural Linkages among Older Migrants in Nairobi Informal Settlements
Building on African migration as a household survival strategy; urban–rural linkages as critical for migrants' continued engagement with origin communities; reintegration in case of return; and safety net for supplementing precarious urban incomes; we examine the role of family ties in rural origin linkages among 1,693 older migrants living in Nairobi informal settlements. Despite the grim of slum residence, 80% of older migrants in Nairobi slums…
Trends in Causes of Adult Deaths among the Urban Poor
Determinants for HIV testing and counselling in Nairobi urban informal settlements
Although the proportion of individuals ever tested in the informal settlements is similar to the national average, it remains low compared to that of Nairobi province especially among men. Key determinants of HIV testing and counselling include; gender, age, education level, HIV status and marital status. These factors need to be considered in efforts aimed at increasing participation in HIV testing
P2-149 Behavioural risk factors for CVD among adult slum dwellers in Nairobi
Introduction About 80% of deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCD) occur in developing countries and behavioural risk factors that underlie the burden of major NCD are on the rise in SSA. However, most research and development work has focused on communicable diseases such as malaria and HIV/AIDS while neglecting NCD. This study aims to contribute to the state of knowledge on the prevalence of modifiable risk factors for NCD specifically cardi…
P2-232 Cardiovascular disease conditions
Introduction The burden of Non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and their risk factors are rising in Sub Saharan Africa. In Kenya, prevalence of overweight and obesity among reproductive-age females almost doubled over a fifteen-year period (13%–23%) between 1993 and 2008. This may be attributable to rapid urbanisation and unhealthy lifestyles. Little is known about prevalence and awareness levels of CVD in Sub Saha…
Family Ties and Urban–Rural Linkages among Older Migrants in Nairobi Informal Settlements
Building on African migration as a household survival strategy; urban–rural linkages as critical for migrants' continued engagement with origin communities; reintegration in case of return; and safety net for supplementing precarious urban incomes; we examine the role of family ties in rural origin linkages among 1,693 older migrants living in Nairobi informal settlements. Despite the grim of slum residence, 80% of older migrants in Nairobi slums…
Introducing a model of cardiovascular prevention in Nairobi's slums by integrating a public health and private-sector approach
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with annual deaths expected to increase to 2 million by 2030. Currently, most national health systems in SSA are not adequately prepared for this epidemic. This is especially so in slum settlements where access to formal healthcare and resources is limited. OBJECTIVE: To develop and introduce a model of cardiovascular prevention in the slums of Nai…
Use of anchoring vignettes to evaluate health reporting behavior amongst adults aged 50 years and above in Africa and Asia – testing assumptions
BACKGROUND: Comparing self-rating health responses across individuals and cultures is misleading due to different reporting behaviors. Anchoring vignettes is a technique that allows identifying and adjusting self-rating responses for reporting heterogeneity (RH). OBJECTIVE: This article aims to test two crucial assumptions of vignette equivalence (VE) and response consistency (RC) that are required to be met before vignettes can be used to adjust…
InterVA versus Spectrum
BACKGROUND: The Spectrum computer package is used to generate national AIDS mortality estimates in settings where vital registration systems are lacking. Similarly, InterVA-4 (the latest version of the InterVA programme) is used to estimate cause-of-mortality data in countries where cause-specific mortality data are not available. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare trends in adult AIDS-related mortality estimated by Spectrum with trends from t…
Community Perceptions of Air Pollution and Related Health Risks in Nairobi Slums
Air pollution is among the leading global risks for mortality and responsible for increasing risk for chronic diseases. Community perceptions on exposure are critical in determining people's response and acceptance of related policies. Therefore, understanding people' perception is critical in informing the design of appropriate intervention measures. The aim of this paper was to establish levels and associations between perceived pollution and h…
HIV mortality in urban slums of Nairobi, Kenya 2003–2010
Population-level HIV mortality in Nairobi's slums was significantly lower in the approximate period coinciding with the scale-up of ART provision in Kenya. However, further studies that incorporate ART coverage data in mortality estimates are needed. Such information will enhance our understanding of the full impact of ART scale-up in reducing adult mortality among marginalized slum populations in Kenya
Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013
Cause-specific childhood mortality in Africa and Asia
BACKGROUND: Childhood mortality, particularly in the first 5 years of life, is a major global concern and the target of Millennium Development Goal 4. Although the majority of childhood deaths occur in Africa and Asia, these are also the regions where such deaths are least likely to be registered. The INDEPTH Network works to alleviate this problem by collating detailed individual data from defined Health and Demographic Surveillance sites. By re…
Pregnancy-related mortality in Africa and Asia
BACKGROUND: Women continue to die in unacceptably large numbers around the world as a result of pregnancy, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. Part of the problem is a lack of accurate, population-based information characterising the issues and informing solutions. Population surveillance sites, such as those operated within the INDEPTH Network, have the potential to contribute to bridging the information gaps. OBJECTIVE: To describe pat…
Mortality from external causes in Africa and Asia
BACKGROUND: Mortality from external causes, of all kinds, is an important component of overall mortality on a global basis. However, these deaths, like others in Africa and Asia, are often not counted or documented on an individual basis. Overviews of the state of external cause mortality in Africa and Asia are therefore based on uncertain information. The INDEPTH Network maintains longitudinal surveillance, including cause of death, at populatio…
Adult non-communicable disease mortality in Africa and Asia
BACKGROUND: Mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a major global issue, as other categories of mortality have diminished and life expectancy has increased. The World Health Organization's Member States have called for a 25% reduction in premature NCD mortality by 2025, which can only be achieved by substantial reductions in risk factors and improvements in the management of chronic conditions. A high burden of NCD mortality among muc…
Trends in non-communicable disease mortality among adult residents in Nairobi's slums, 2003–2011
BACKGROUND: About 80% of deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) occur in developing countries such as Kenya. However, not much is known about the burden of NCDs in slums, which account for about 60% of the residences of the urban population in Kenya. This study examines trends in NCD mortality from two slum settings in Nairobi. DESIGN: We use verbal autopsy data on 1954 deaths among adults aged 35 years and older who were registered in the …
Cardiovascular prevention model from Kenyan slums to migrants in the Netherlands
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. As prevention and treatment of CVD often requires active screening and lifelong follow up it is a challenge for health systems both in high-income and low and middle-income countries to deliver adequate care to those in need, with efficient use of resources.We developed a health service model for primary prevention of CVD suitable for implementation in the Nair…
Profile of people with hypertension in Nairobi’s slums
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a rising health burden among the world's poor with hypertension as the main risk factor. In sub-Saharan Africa, hypertension is increasingly affecting the urban population of which a substantial part lives in slums. This study aims to give insight into the profile of patients with hypertension living in slums of Nairobi, Kenya. METHODS: Sociodemographic and anthropometric data as well as clinical measur…
Co-occurrence of behavioral risk factors of common non-communicable diseases among urban slum dwellers in Nairobi, Kenya
BACKGROUND: The four common non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 80% of NCD-related deaths worldwide. The four NCDs share four common risk factors. As most of the existing evidence on the common NCD risk factors is based on analysis of a single factor at a time, there is a need to investigate the co-occurrence of the common NCD risk factors, particularly in an urban slum setting in sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalenc…
Trends in Causes of Adult Deaths among the Urban Poor
Interlinkage among cardio-metabolic disease markers in an urban poor setting in Nairobi, Kenya
INTRODUCTION: The main cardio-metabolic diseases - mostly cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and ischemic heart disease - share common clinical markers such as raised blood pressure and blood glucose. The pathways of development of many of these conditions are also interlinked. In this regard, a higher level of co-occurrence of the main cardio-metabolic disease markers is expected. Evidence about the patterns of occurrence of cardio-metabolic…
Impact evaluation of a community-based intervention for prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the slums of Nairobi
BACKGROUND: A combination of increasing urbanization, behaviour change, and lack of health services in slums put the urban poor specifically at risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a community-based CVD prevention intervention on blood pressure (BP) and other CVD risk factors in a slum setting in Nairobi, Kenya. DESIGN: Prospective intervention study includes awareness campaigns, household visits for sc…
Identifying gaps in HIV policy and practice along the HIV care continuum
The last decade has seen rapid evolution in guidance from the WHO concerning the provision of HIV services along the diagnosis-to-treatment continuum, but the extent to which these recommendations are adopted as national policies in Kenya, and subsequently implemented in health facilities, is not well understood. Identifying gaps in policy coverage and implementation is important for highlighting areas for improving service delivery, leading to b…
Decolonising global health
box As evidenced by a plethora of publications, webinars, and social media hashtags, the last year or two have seen an amplification of calls for the decolonisation of global health.1–5 These calls have largely been virtually echoed in the hallways of academic institutions in the Global North such as the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Duke University and Harvard University. For reasons which we can only speculate about such as fe…
From vaccine to visa apartheid, how anti-Blackness persists in global health
What do history and fighting with your brother or sister have in common? Conflict. Looking at the history of national interactions over the centuries, we see a recurrence of conflicts frequently leading to wars that cost dearly in terms of lives, property, the environment, and the well-being of society. Although conflicts are an unavoidable part of personal and national life, we can learn how to deal with them constructively and non-violently. Th…
Towards authentic institutional allyship by global health funders
Medicine (21 obras) · Environmental health (19 obras) · Demography (12 obras) · Population (12 obras) · Public health (12 obras) · Disease (11 obras) · Global Public Health Policies and Epidemiology (10 obras) · Global Maternal and Child Health (9 obras) · Cause of death (8 obras) · Verbal autopsy (8 obras)