Charo Sádaba Chalezquer
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3564415 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Charo Sádaba Chalezquer |
| NOMBRES | Charo Sádaba |
| APELLIDO | Chalezquer |
| FIRMA | CHALEZQUER C S |
| AFILIACIONES | Universidad de Navarra |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2596-2794 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 47 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 19 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 47 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2010 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Watching Sexually Explicit Movies and TV Shows During Adolescence is Associated with Porn Use in Adulthood
Exposure to sexual content in mainstream media during adolescence may influence the development of sexual behaviors, including pornography use in adulthood. This study examined whether such exposure predicts later pornography consumption. A sample of 1,000 Spanish young adults (aged 18–25) completed an online survey. Exposure to sexual content was assessed using IMDb parental guide ratings for participants’ favorite movies and TV shows from adole…
The transformation of the relationship between Spanish youth and religion
This paper examines the religiosity and spirituality of Spanish youth using data from the 2023 Footprints survey with 601 respondents aged 18 to 29. The findings show a significant decline in traditional Catholic affiliation (31%) alongside growing secular and non-affiliated spiritual identities (over 40%). Belief in God remains at 42%, illustrating complex religious transformations rather than complete disengagement. The study contextualizes the…
Capítulo 12. Reputación sostenible
Entre todos los desafíos que enfrenta el periodismo, uno resulta especialmente acuciante: la pérdida de confianza de la ciudadanía en las noticias y en las marcas periodísticas, una tendencia particularmente acentuada en España. La erosión de la confianza no solo perjudica a medios concretos, sino que compromete la credibilidad de la profesión periodística en su conjunto y compromete el cumplimento del derecho a la información al que sirve la pre…
Percepciones de adolescentes españoles sobre la fiabilidad de la información en redes sociales
El propósito de esta investigación es entender la percepción de los menores españoles, de edades comprendidas entre los 11 y 17 años, respecto a la fiabilidad de la información en redes sociales. Para llevar a cabo la investigación, se optó por un enfoque cualitativo que implicó la formación de 12 grupos de discusión, con la participación de un total de 62 estudiantes. Los resultados indican que conforme los menores entrevistados aumentan de edad…
Democratic Reflexes (in the EU, Spain and Türkiye)
Este estudio compara la regulación jurídica de la lucha contra la desinformación en la Unión Europea, España y Turquía, en el marco de las teorías de la democracia militante y defensiva. El estudio destaca que el enfoque jurídico no solo se basa en preferencias normativas, sino también en su concepción de la libertad de expresión y en sus estrategias para proteger las instituciones democráticas. La Unión Europea y España abordan la desinformación…
La alfabetización mediática gamificada y los valores democráticos en la adolescencia
La Alfabetización Mediática e Informacional (AMI) se considera una competencia necesaria para la ciudadanía en las sociedades democráticas. Recientemente, ha incluido en su foco la desinformación, el discurso de odio o la ciberseguridad. Entre sus metodologías innovadoras, destacan la gamificación y el learning by doing. En esta investigación, casi 300 jóvenes catalanes de entre 14 y 18 años participaron en un juego de roles virtual, asumiendo el…
The quality of face-to-face and digitally mediated social interactions
This study examines how communication modality influences social interaction quality and its contingency on three other situational characteristics: physical location, partner familiarity, and interaction purpose. Data from two experience sampling studies including 385 Spanish emerging adults and 10,203 social interaction reports revealed that compared to face-to-face interactions, phone calls were rated higher, video calls showed no significant …
Influencers are just mannequins’
This study investigates teenagers’ skepticism toward influencer trust and its implications for their perceptions of and receptiveness to social media advertising. Employing a mixed-methods approach, we surveyed 1055 teenagers to gauge their perceptions of influencers’ advertising intensity. Additionally, qualitative focus groups involving 55 participants explored a range of perceptions, addressing their distrust toward influencers and the breakdo…
Facing online scams
Purpose This study aims to investigate adolescents’ interactions with deceptive content on social media, focusing on scams that promise effortless rewards. Design/methodology/approach The methodology included interviews with 20 pairs of adolescents (aged 11–17) and their parents, analyzing their responses to scam content and examining patterns of critical awareness and parental guidance. Findings Findings suggest that critical awareness and the a…
Special Issue (2024) Media Literacy to Tackle Disinformation
This OBS* Special Issue has been developed under IBERIFIER, Iberian Media Research and Fact-Checking, project funded by the EC under the European Digital Media Observatory initiative, CEF-TC-2020-2, grant number 2020-EU-IA-0252
E-Commerce as a Source of Revenue in Spanish Digital News Media
This study analyzes e-commerce strategies in Spanish active digital news outlets comprehensively based on a 2021 census. Out of the 2,862 outlets, 11.8% (or 337) incorporated some form of e-commerce, with a higher prevalence observed among legacy media than among digital-native outlets. The study also revealed that e-commerce was more prevalent among outlets with national coverage and specialized subject matters. A detailed examination of 34 high…
Influencia del nivel socioeconómico en la percepción familiar de los riesgos en línea
(analytical)The use of social networks among children and adolescents has modified the need for parental mediation. The personal nature of these devices requires strategies that place more importance on trust and support, such as child-focused mediation. In the current digital context where families are concerned about the risks faced by their children, this qualitative research brings together 40 interviews of parent-child dyads living in Spain …
Social media and mental health
Using a representative longitudinal sample of emerging adults aged 18 to 24 in Spain, we apply a relational lens to the association between social media and mental health. We explore how, beyond time in social media, mental health is influenced by three distinct motivations for social media use: communication ( interacting with others ), surveillance ( finding out what others are doing ), and escapism ( evading uncomfortable thoughts ). Next, we …
Journalists in media companies
The crisis triggered by the effects of Covid-19 has created a new context for work among journalists. High unemployment rates in Europe, particularly worrying among the youth, are yet another reason to think about working conditions in the media sector, which has been considered crucial to the health of democratic societies. The practice of communication professions has privileged activity, production, and fast publication, which now takes place …
Do I question what influencers sell me? Integration of critical thinking in the advertising literacy of Spanish adolescents
Engaging with influencer posts has become a prevalent practice among adolescents on social media, exposing them to the combined elements of promotional content and entertainment in influencer marketing. However, the versatile and appealing nature of this content may hinder adolescents’ ability to engage in critical thinking and accurately interpret this hybrid form of advertising. This study aims to investigate adolescents’ capacity to critically…
Overcoming the Age Barrier
This experimental study analyzes the effect of media literacy on the ability of Spanish seniors over 50 years of age to identify fake news. The experiment measures the improvement achieved by older adults in the detection of political disinformation thanks to a digital competence course offered through WhatsApp. The study comprises a total sample of 1,029 individuals, subdivided into a control group ( n = 531) and an experimental group ( n = 498)…
Percepción de los Menores Españoles sobre el Papel de sus Padres en su Uso de Redes Sociales
El papel de las familias en el uso que los menores hacen de los medios ha sido tradicionalmente analizado a través de distintas estrategias de mediación parental. La investigación más reciente presta atención al impacto que tiene en estas prácticas la generalización de los medios digitales y, en particular, de los dispositivos móviles y los medios sociales. En el presente artículo se busca analizar la percepción de menores españoles entre 11 y 17…
Distrust by default
Social networks have become a recurrent source of health information, but they also represent a space for the dissemination of erroneous or false information, which becomes more worrying when dealing with underage audiences. The aim of this study was to find out what resources and capabilities adolescents have to deal with the erroneous health content they receive through TikTok. To provide a comprehensive perspective, one of the parents of each …
Revenue diversification strategies of online news organisations
The funding model crisis for newspapers is a matter of public concern; and it is not only a business issue, but also a social and political one, as news organisations are considered to have an irreplaceable function in democratic systems. Technological and social changes have transformed the business model of news organisations so that, in a digital scenario with a strong competition for consumers’ attention, they have had to diversify their port…
How to teach the elderly to detect disinformation
According to recent studies, most of the Spanish population identifies disinformation as a social problem and believes that it could endanger democracy and the stability of the country. In this context, many institutions point out the need for media literacy campaigns and initiatives that alleviate the possible harmful social effects of the phenomenon, especially among vulnerable audiences. While children and young people are the continuous targe…
Presentation
Presentation
El consumo crítico de influencers por menores en Eslovaquia
La experiencia y la madurez de los individuos como consumidores puede determinar la habilidad para procesar y analizar de manera crítica la publicidad a la que se exponen (Buijzen et al., 2010; Piaget, 1929). El presente estudio busca comprender las diferencias de la alfabetización publicitaria conceptual y actitudinal que poseen los menores en primaria y bachillerato para el procesamiento del contenido promocional compartido por influencers. Tra…
Epílogo. Horizontes para la alfabetización digital en las Facultades de Comunicación
Quienes hoy se forman en las facultades de comunicación deben adquirir las herramientas, habilidades y conocimientos que les permitan hacer su trabajo en un contexto digital, más ágil, pero siempre de manera rigurosa. La alfabetización digital se convierte así en un reto en la tarea docente, pero también en la investigación y en la transferencia de conocimiento a la sociedad. Palabras clave: Alfabetización mediática, futuro, formación de profesio…
Capítulo 9. Papel de las redes sociales
El engagement es una concreción instrumental de la interactividad, propia del entorno digital. Se extiende a las experiencias o percepciones emocionales e intuitivas de las personas al utilizar un medio concreto en un momento determinado. Este trabajo analiza en qué medida los medios digitales españoles emplean las redes sociales y cuáles son las más utilizadas para conseguir dicho engagement. Palabras clave: medios digitales, medios nativos digi…
Juventud, digitalización y activismo. Algunas reflexiones
Aunque se ha presumido tradicionalmente una actitud de oposición al mundo adulto y establecido por parte de los y las más jóvenes, algunas condiciones sociales actuales, además de la propia tecnología digital, lo hacen ahora más presente. El activismo en redes sociales se ha convertido en un cauce frecuente para que este grupo de edad presente sus demandas y descontento, y merece la pena reflexionar sobre las características que rodean a esta gen…
Connected teens
Over the past twenty years, the high penetration of mobile phones as a means of interpersonal communication, especially among adolescents, has facilitated access to broader social environments outside their own family. Through the extension of their social environment, teenagers are able to establish new and more extensive relationships, while facing risks that may negatively affect their socialization process. The aim of this article was to find…
Revenue diversification strategies of online news organisations
The funding model crisis for newspapers is a matter of public concern; and it is not only a business issue, but also a social and political one, as news organisations are considered to have an irreplaceable function in democratic systems. Technological and social changes have transformed the business model of news organisations so that, in a digital scenario with a strong competition for consumers’ attention, they have had to diversify their port…
The quality of face-to-face and digitally mediated social interactions
This study examines how communication modality influences social interaction quality and its contingency on three other situational characteristics: physical location, partner familiarity, and interaction purpose. Data from two experience sampling studies including 385 Spanish emerging adults and 10,203 social interaction reports revealed that compared to face-to-face interactions, phone calls were rated higher, video calls showed no significant …
Social media and mental health
Using a representative longitudinal sample of emerging adults aged 18 to 24 in Spain, we apply a relational lens to the association between social media and mental health. We explore how, beyond time in social media, mental health is influenced by three distinct motivations for social media use: communication ( interacting with others ), surveillance ( finding out what others are doing ), and escapism ( evading uncomfortable thoughts ). Next, we …
Fifty years of digital literacy studies
The following research has as its starting point the previous existence of different approaches to the study of digital literacy, which reflect a specialisation by area of study as well as connections and complementarity between them. The paper analyses research from the last 50 years through 11 key terms associated with the study of this subject. The article seeks to understand the contribution of each term for an integrated conceptualisation of…
Parents' and children's perception on social media advertising
This article presents the results of research that seeks to analyze the ability of minors to identify the advertising messages received through the most used social networks by this audience (YouTube and Instagram). Children’s aptitude to recognize persuasive intent was measured in a selection of examples taken for this study, as well as the perception that parents or guardians had about the minor's ability to recognize advertising on the platfor…
How to teach the elderly to detect disinformation
According to recent studies, most of the Spanish population identifies disinformation as a social problem and believes that it could endanger democracy and the stability of the country. In this context, many institutions point out the need for media literacy campaigns and initiatives that alleviate the possible harmful social effects of the phenomenon, especially among vulnerable audiences. While children and young people are the continuous targe…
When mobile advertising is interesting
Social ads, along with apps, display and geolocation are the most used actions in the context of mobile marketing. Adolescents are also identified as the main target audience for mobile marketing because they are very active users, they have a sound command of technology and their role as prescribers, especially in social networks. For this reason, the interaction between advertising on social networks among minors (10-14 years) was studied, diff…
El Perfil del Usuario de Internet en España
The generalization of Internet use is a reality in all the occidental countries, and Spain is not an exception of that rule. This article aims to offer an updated picture of the Internet user profile in Spain, using, for that end, the main public and private data sources available in the country. The text offers the basic indicators and variables, sex, age and social class of the users, in order to understand how is the user in a country where th…
Telecommunication industry contributions to child online protection
The technological landscape in relation to the minors presents numerous challenges facing the telecommunication industry, with families and schools. However, academic literature still remains silence in showing the strategic policies that the industry is managing in order to address these challenges. Therefore, this article has two aims: to provide an overview of the state of the art in order to present the main findings of the child protection p…
Connected teens
Over the past twenty years, the high penetration of mobile phones as a means of interpersonal communication, especially among adolescents, has facilitated access to broader social environments outside their own family. Through the extension of their social environment, teenagers are able to establish new and more extensive relationships, while facing risks that may negatively affect their socialization process. The aim of this article was to find…
Nivel experto o ingenuo? Detección y confianza de los niños en la publicidad que reciben a través de sus dispositivos móviles. Perfiles de usuario
La presente investigación, realizada en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile a 501 menores entre 10-14 años, indaga en su actitud ante la publicidad que perciben en el móvil en términos de detección, nivel de atención y confianza, variables clave en su capacidad para mediar con el efecto persuasivo de la publicidad. A partir de un análisis de conglomerados, se identificaron cuatro perfiles de usuario: "detectores desconfiados", "no detect…
Mecanismos comportamentales como predicción del uso de ad blocking en usuarios de noticias online
Evitar contenidos comerciales durante el consumo de medios no es un fenómeno nuevo. La teoría reconoce distintos mecanismos para identificar esta conducta y el uso de bloqueadores de publicidad se puede reconocer como una respuesta comportamental activa y consciente a este tipo de contenido. Es interesante ahondar en los motivos que pueden explicar esta respuesta por parte del usuario. El presente artículo analiza en qué medida el uso de estos pr…
Fifty years of digital literacy studies
The following research has as its starting point the previous existence of different approaches to the study of digital literacy, which reflect a specialisation by area of study as well as connections and complementarity between them. The paper analyses research from the last 50 years through 11 key terms associated with the study of this subject. The article seeks to understand the contribution of each term for an integrated conceptualisation of…
Parents' and children's perception on social media advertising
This article presents the results of research that seeks to analyze the ability of minors to identify the advertising messages received through the most used social networks by this audience (YouTube and Instagram). Children’s aptitude to recognize persuasive intent was measured in a selection of examples taken for this study, as well as the perception that parents or guardians had about the minor's ability to recognize advertising on the platfor…
Capítulo 5. Los usos y las preferencias informativas de los públicos
El desarrollo de las noticias digitales añade complejidad al consumo informativo al incrementar las posibilidades de elección de los usuarios. La relación entre audiencias y cibermedios cambia con la irrupción de las redes sociales, el desarrollo de nuevos contenidos como el podcast, y la práctica de bloquear los anuncios de los sitios web. Palabras clave: Itinerarios de acceso a las noticias, redes sociales, audio y podcast, ad-blocking
Meta-marco de la alfabetización digital
Introducción: Ante una inminente era digital marcada por la globalización y la innovación tecnológica, diferentes organismos plantearon la importancia de innovar la educación con las denominadas competencias del siglo XXI. La necesidad de nuevas habilidades para participar de la cultura digital es destacada en diferentes propuestas, donde la competencia digital es clave y fundamental para vivir, trabajar y participar en la sociedad del conocimien…
Conceptualization of media competence as an "augmented competence"
Introduction: The ever-progressing transformation of the media as a result of digitization trends, the new characteristics of the communication environment and the associated communication practices and forms of user behaviour result in new educational needs and demands. Their reassessment in the context of current scientific discourses takes the form of revision and redefinition of the concept of media competence. Methodology: through a reflexiv…
Is my kid that naive? Parents’ perceptions of their children’s attitudes towards advertising on smartphones in Chile
It is common to identify the ability to recognize advertising as a requirement for the development of a critical attitude towards commercial content. This paper reflects on the perception parents have of their children who, as active users of mobile devices, are recipients of advertising. We thought interesting to draw a comparison between parent and child responses to corroborate the level of consistency between adult perception and what childre…
Difficulties in Establishing “Truth” Conditions in the Assessment of Addictive Smartphone Use in Young Adults
The smartphone revolution has placed powerful, multipurpose devices in the hands of youth across the globe, prompting worries about the potential negative consequences of these technologies on mental health. Many assessment tools have been created, seeking to classify individuals into problematic and non-problematic smartphone users. These are identified using a cutoff value: a threshold, within the scale range, at which higher scores are expecte…
Psychological Factors, Leisure Activities, and Satisfaction during the Covid-19 Pandemic
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of millions of people worldwide. This study aimed to analyze the effects of several psychological factors (self-esteem, self-control, and emotional stability) over lifestyle-related variables (time spent on leisure activities) and the levels of satisfaction (family, friends, work, and leisure satisfaction) experienced during the COVID-19 outbreak. Data for this article were retrieved as part of a cross…
Epílogo. Horizontes para la alfabetización digital en las Facultades de Comunicación
Quienes hoy se forman en las facultades de comunicación deben adquirir las herramientas, habilidades y conocimientos que les permitan hacer su trabajo en un contexto digital, más ágil, pero siempre de manera rigurosa. La alfabetización digital se convierte así en un reto en la tarea docente, pero también en la investigación y en la transferencia de conocimiento a la sociedad. Palabras clave: Alfabetización mediática, futuro, formación de profesio…
Capítulo 9. Papel de las redes sociales
El engagement es una concreción instrumental de la interactividad, propia del entorno digital. Se extiende a las experiencias o percepciones emocionales e intuitivas de las personas al utilizar un medio concreto en un momento determinado. Este trabajo analiza en qué medida los medios digitales españoles emplean las redes sociales y cuáles son las más utilizadas para conseguir dicho engagement. Palabras clave: medios digitales, medios nativos digi…
Juventud, digitalización y activismo. Algunas reflexiones
Aunque se ha presumido tradicionalmente una actitud de oposición al mundo adulto y establecido por parte de los y las más jóvenes, algunas condiciones sociales actuales, además de la propia tecnología digital, lo hacen ahora más presente. El activismo en redes sociales se ha convertido en un cauce frecuente para que este grupo de edad presente sus demandas y descontento, y merece la pena reflexionar sobre las características que rodean a esta gen…
El papel de los influencers en las decisiones de consumo de los menores españoles
En un contexto donde el marketing de influencia crece, es relevante cuestionarse por el rol que juegan los influencers en las decisiones de consumo de los menores. La especial cercanía que estos creadores de contenido son capaces de generar con sus seguidores, puede establecer un marco de credibilidad que se extienda también a sus publicaciones con fines comerciales. Desde una perspectiva cualitativa y mediante la realización de 12 grupos focales…
Impacto del acceso a la información online sobre el bienestar personal en El Salvador durante el confinamiento
La crisis provocada por la pandemia del COVID-19 trajo consigo un estado de incertidumbre, a nivel mundial, que pudo incidir, en mayor o menor medida, en el grado de bienestar de la población. No en vano se ha hablado del incremento de problemas relacionados con la salud mental durante la pandemia. En el caso particular de El Salvador, el estado de confinamiento, previo al primer caso declarado de contagio, tuvo un alto impacto en el uso de la te…
Combatir la desinformación con alfabetización mediática
Introducción: La desinformación se ha convertido en un problema clave para las sociedades democráticas contemporáneas. Para contrarrestar esta amenaza, las autoridades públicas de numerosos países han puesto en marcha diversas iniciativas legales, tecnológicas y educativas. Este artículo aporta una revisión bibliográfica y de textos legales, que evidencia la importancia creciente otorgada por la Unión Europea a la alfabetización mediática. Metodo…
Disguising Commercial Intentions
Influencers have established themselves as key allies for brands by cultivating a powerful public image to promote them. In the case of Instamoms, these collaborations can offer moms a means of achieving economic stability. In a country like Mexico, where the gender gap in the labor market remains a contentious issue, digital work represents an opportunity for women. The similarity between the organic content and commercial content created by the…
When Ads Become Invisible
It has been traditionally estimated that children begin to understand the persuasive intent of advertising at about the age of 8 which is when they acquire the skills of adult consumers. The ability to identify and interpret the persuasive content that minors are exposed to via mobile phones was analyzed through semi-structured interviews of children aged 10 to 14 years along with their parents in 20 households. Although minors seem to be able to…
Atraer a los menores con entretenimiento
Entretenerse es una de las prioridades que los menores buscan satisfacer en internet, también a través de sus teléfonos móviles. A esta necesidad que tradicionalmente han cubierto otros medios, responde el entorno digital con nuevas fórmulas que combinan entretenimiento con otros intereses, como los comerciales. Esta publicidad híbrida parece encontrar un buen acomodo entre los juegos online y los contenidos generados por influencers, destinos pr…
Análisis de la capacidad de menores en España para reconocer los contenidos comerciales publicados por influencers
Los menores están expuestos a diversos contenidos en su navegación por internet y el presente estudio explora específicamente aquellos creados por influencers en formatos híbridos que mezclan diversos fines, incluidos los comerciales, y que además representan un reto mayor para ser identificados correctamente. Desde la óptica de la alfabetización publicitaria tal y como la articulan Roozendal et al. (2011), la investigación tiene como objetivo id…
Specificities Introduced by Mobile Phones in the Relationship Between Children and Commercial Content
This article explores the specificities of the relationship between children and the advertising to which they are exposed through their cell phones, and reports on a mixed methodology study conducted in the metropolitan area of Santiago de Chile. The study aims to learn about children’s predisposition, interaction, and perceptions with regards to mobile advertising. Most significant is the finding that this young generation (10-14 years old) ide…
When mobile advertising is interesting
Social ads, along with apps, display and geolocation are the most used actions in the context of mobile marketing. Adolescents are also identified as the main target audience for mobile marketing because they are very active users, they have a sound command of technology and their role as prescribers, especially in social networks. For this reason, the interaction between advertising on social networks among minors (10-14 years) was studied, diff…
Political science (25 obras) · Impact of Technology on Adolescents (20 obras) · Psychology (20 obras) · Computer Science (18 obras) · Humanities (17 obras) · Business (15 obras) · Sociology (14 obras) · Art (12 obras) · Communication and COVID-19 Impact (12 obras) · Advertising (11 obras)