Rachel Cooper
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3582426 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Rachel Cooper |
| NOMBRES | Rachel |
| APELLIDO | Cooper |
| FIRMA | COOPER R |
| AFILIACIONES | MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3370-5720 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 70 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 141 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 69 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1997 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Public Perceptions of Multiple Long‐Term Conditions
The conceptual evolution of exclusion rules in the DSM
Perceptions of Hospital Care Quality According to People Living With Multiple Long‐Term Conditions
Les études doctorales en design
Doctoral Education in Design
A Systematic Review of Criminal Justice Initiatives to Strengthen the Criminal Investigation and Prosecution of Sexual Violence in East Africa
Sexual violence (SV) is a widespread public health and human rights problem, with countries in East Africa having higher rates than the global average. Prosecutions of SV in East Africa are rare, and survivors face many challenges accessing medico-legal justice and services. Developing initiatives that support survivors in navigating the criminal justice system is vital, yet there is limited research on efforts to improve the criminal justice sys…
Socioeconomic gradients in 24-hour movement patterns across weekends and weekdays in a working-age sample
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic differences in movement behaviours may contribute to health inequalities. The aim of this descriptive study was to investigate socioeconomic patterns in device-measured 24-hour movement and assess whether patterns differ between weekdays and weekends. METHODS: 4894 individuals aged 46 years from the 1970 British Cohort Study were included. Participants wore thigh-worn accelerometers for 7 days. Movement behaviours were c…
Prognostic accuracy of the one-legged balance test in predicting falls
Despite previous observational evidence showing associations between better one-legged balance performance and reduced fall risk, the one-legged balance test had limited prognostic accuracy in predicting recurrent falls. This contradicts ongoing translation of this test into clinical screening tools for falls and highlights the need to consider new and existing screening tools that can reliably predict fall risk
Design e Comunicação
Our lives are dominated by digital technologies, it influences how we socialise, we work, we play, we shop, we explore the world around us and access knowledge and services.We live in both the digital and the physical world, but the digital world has the power to change what we experience every second, this has resulted in constant enhancement.Spontaneity and reactivity assume an increasingly prominent role in this communication universe.This ine…
The association between lower socioeconomic position and functional limitations is partially mediated by obesity in older adults with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis
Objective To assess the longitudinal associations of socioeconomic position (SEP) with functional limitations and knee joint replacement surgery (JRS) in people with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA), and whether body mass index (BMI) mediated these relationships. Methods Data came from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a national longitudinal panel study of adults aged ≥50 years. A total of 1,499 participants (62.3% female; mean age 6…
Associations between childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position and grip strength at age 46 years
Findings highlight the need to identify age and sex-specific interventions across life to tackle inequalities in important age-related conditions related to weakness
Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against Sars-CoV-2
Background A safe and efficacious vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), if deployed with high coverage, could contribute to the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in a pooled interim analysis of four trials. Methods This analysis includes data from four ongoing blinded, randomised, controlled trials done across the UK, Brazil, and South Afri…
Patient perspectives on quality of care for depression and anxiety in primary health care teams
BACKGROUND: Widespread policy reforms in Canada, the United States and elsewhere over the last two decades strengthened team models of primary care by bringing together family physicians and nurse practitioners with a range of mental health and other interdisciplinary providers. Understanding how patients with depression and anxiety experience newer team-based models of care delivery is essential to explore whether the intended impact of these re…
Associations Between Factors Across Life and One-Legged Balance Performance in Mid and Later Life
This study identified numerous risk factors across life that are associated with one-legged balance performance and highlighted diverse patterns of association with age, suggesting that there are opportunities to intervene in early, mid and later life. A multifactorial approach to intervention, at both societal and individual levels, may have more benefit than focusing on a single risk factor
From no whinge scenarios to viability tree
Factors across life associated with remaining free from functional limitations despite lifelong exposure to socioeconomic adversity
BACKGROUND: There are substantial socioeconomic inequalities in functional limitations in old age. Resilience may offer new insights into these inequalities by identifying constellations of factors that protect some individuals from developing functional limitations despite socioeconomic adversity. METHODS: Data from 1973 participants in the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development (Great Britain), followed from birth un…
Understanding the DSM-5
This paper aims to understand the DSM-5 through situating it within the context of the historical development of the DSM series. When one looks at the sets of diagnostic criteria, the DSM-5 is strikingly similar to the DSM-IV. I argue that at this level the DSM has become ‘locked-in’ and difficult to change. At the same time, at the structural, or conceptual, level there have been radical changes, for example in the definition of ‘mental disorder…
The myth of Hempel and the DSM-III
Commentary on Jonathan Raskin’s “What Might an Alternative to the DSM Suitable for Psychotherapists Look Like?”
Many mental health practitioners find it necessary to use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM) for insurance purposes but are unhappy with its basic assumptions. This raises the question—Would it be possible to devise a new classification system that (1) could be used for insurance purposes and (2) would be based on alternative principles? In the main, this commentary is pessimistic. Through considering the history of …
Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015
BACKGROUND: Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher. METHODS: For this analysis, we pooled national, subnational, or comm…
Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016
BACKGROUND: Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults. METHODS: We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height…
The Value of Design in Innovation
A renewed interest in the positive impact of design in industry during the last few years, especially regarding the measurement of that impact, has produced a number of studies and research in the field. All these studies have contributed significantly to increasing the acceptance of design in business, however it is still not totally clear what is the position of design within the business structure and its contributions to other functions in th…
The Design Experience
How are we to understand the changing role of design and designers in the new age of consumer experience? Drawing on perspectives from cultural studies, design management, marketing, new product development and communications theory, The Design Experience explores the contexts, practices and roles of designers in today's world, providing an accessible introduction to the key issues reshaping design. The book begins by analysing how consumers acqu…
Childhood Cognitive Ability and Age-Related Changes in Physical Capability From Midlife
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that higher childhood cognitive ability is associated with reduced risk of decline in physical capability in late midlife. METHODS: Participants were 1954 men and women from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development with complete data on cognitive ability at age of 15 years and measures of grip strength and chair rise speed at ages of 53 and 60 to 64 years. Us…
An Agent-based Model of the South African Offshore Hake Trawl Industry
Disease
Benchmarking sustainability in cities
Lifetime Socioeconomic Inequalities in Physical and Cognitive Aging
Objectives. We examined the relationship between childhood and adult socioeconomic position (SEP) and objectively assessed, later-life functioning. Methods. We used the Medical Research Council’s National Survey of Health and Development data to examine performance at 60 to 64 years (obtained in 2006–2011) for a representative UK sample. We compared 9 physical and cognitive performance measures (forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, ha…
Validity of age at menarche self-reported in adulthood
Objective: To test the validity of age at menarche self-reported in adulthood and examine whether socioeconomic position, education, experience of gynaecological events and psychological symptoms influence the accuracy of recall. Design: Prospective birth cohort study. Setting: England, Scotland and Wales. Participants: 1050 women from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, with two measures of age at menarche, on…
Why Hacking is Wrong about Human Kinds
‘Human kind’ is a term introduced by Ian Hacking to refer to the kinds of people—child abusers, pregnant teenagers, the unemployed—studied by the human sciences. Hacking argues that classifying and describing human kinds results in feedback, which alters the very kinds under study. This feedback results in human kinds having histories totally unlike those of natural kinds (such as gold, electrons and tigers), leading Hacking to conclude that huma…
Regulating market entry of low-cost private schools in Sub-Saharan Africa
An investigation of the healthy migrant hypothesis
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of monetary incentives and response to mailed questionnaires
Study objective: To quantify the increase in mailed questionnaire response attributable to a monetary incentive. Design: A systematic search for randomised controlled trials of monetary incentives and mailed questionnaire response was conducted. For each trial identified, logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio for response per $0.01 incentive increase. Odds ratios were pooled in a series of random effect meta-analyses stratified …
Socioeconomic status and morbidity in the last years of life
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effect of socioeconomic status, as characterized by level of education, on morbidity and disability in the last years of life. METHODS: The analysis used data from the National Health Interview Survey (1986-1990), with mortality follow-up through December 1991. RESULTS: Among 10,932 decedents 50 years or older at baseline interview, educational attainment was inversely associated with long-term limitation of a…
Socioeconomic position across life and body composition in early old age
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported associations between lower lifetime socioeconomic position (SEP) and higher body mass index in adulthood, but few have examined associations with direct measures of fat and lean mass which are likely to have independent roles in health and physical functioning. METHODS: We examined associations of SEP across life with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measures of fat and lean mass at 60-64 years using dat…
From no whinge scenarios to viability tree
Modeling Exposure to Multiple Childhood Social Risk Factors and Physical Capability and Common Affective Symptoms in Later Life
The cumulative social risk approach and the use of factor analysis to identify contexts of social risk, may offer viable methods for linking multiple childhood social risk exposure to aging outcomes
The association of grip strength from midlife onwards with all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 17 years of follow-up in the Tromsø Study
BACKGROUND: Grip strength has consistently been found to predict all-cause mortality rates. However, few studies have examined cause-specific mortality or tested age differences in these associations. METHODS: In 1994, grip strength was measured in the population-based Tromsø Study, covering the ages 50-80 years (N=6850). Grip strength was categorised into fifths, and as z-scores. In this cohort study, models with all-cause mortality and deaths f…
Why is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders so hard to revise? Path-dependence and “lock-in” in classification
Do Positive Psychological Characteristics Modify the Associations of Physical Performance With Functional Decline and Institutionalization? Findings From the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam
Positive psychological characteristics, related to sense of control, play a role in the transition between stages in the disablement process. Specific psychological characteristics may be associated with different stages of the disablement process and may in turn be affected by disablement
Associations Between Factors Across Life and One-Legged Balance Performance in Mid and Later Life
This study identified numerous risk factors across life that are associated with one-legged balance performance and highlighted diverse patterns of association with age, suggesting that there are opportunities to intervene in early, mid and later life. A multifactorial approach to intervention, at both societal and individual levels, may have more benefit than focusing on a single risk factor
Where’s the problem? Considering Laing and Esterson’s account of schizophrenia, social models of disability, and extended mental disorder
Socioeconomic conditions across life related to multiple measures of the endocrine system in older adults
Lower SEP was associated with an adverse hormone profile across multiple endocrine axes. SEP differences in endocrine function may partly underlie inequalities in health and function in later life, and may reflect variations in biological rates of ageing. Further studies are required to assess the likely functional relevance of these associations
Are culture-bound syndromes as real as universally-occurring disorders
The Design Agenda
UK Design lies between the worlds of culture and commerce, between passion and profit. Design is indeed a passion for things, offering methods that enable them to come into being. It follows that design should also aspire to a passion for the people who use these things, for their quality of life, their aspirations: a passion for betterment. The management of design is about fostering that passion and linking it to the fulfilment of corporate goa…
Socioeconomic status and morbidity in the last years of life
OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effect of socioeconomic status, as characterized by level of education, on morbidity and disability in the last years of life. METHODS: The analysis used data from the National Health Interview Survey (1986-1990), with mortality follow-up through December 1991. RESULTS: Among 10,932 decedents 50 years or older at baseline interview, educational attainment was inversely associated with long-term limitation of a…
Disease
What is Wrong with the DSM
The DSM is the main classification of mental disorders used by psychiatrists in the United States and, increasingly, around the world. Although widely used, the DSM has come in for fierce criticism, with many commentators believing it to be conceptually flawed in a variety of ways. This paper assesses some of these philosophical worries. The first half of the paper asks whether the project of constructing a classification of mental disorders that…
Why Hacking is Wrong about Human Kinds
‘Human kind’ is a term introduced by Ian Hacking to refer to the kinds of people—child abusers, pregnant teenagers, the unemployed—studied by the human sciences. Hacking argues that classifying and describing human kinds results in feedback, which alters the very kinds under study. This feedback results in human kinds having histories totally unlike those of natural kinds (such as gold, electrons and tigers), leading Hacking to conclude that huma…
Meta-analysis of randomised trials of monetary incentives and response to mailed questionnaires
Study objective: To quantify the increase in mailed questionnaire response attributable to a monetary incentive. Design: A systematic search for randomised controlled trials of monetary incentives and mailed questionnaire response was conducted. For each trial identified, logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio for response per $0.01 incentive increase. Odds ratios were pooled in a series of random effect meta-analyses stratified …
Classifying madness
Classifying Madness examines the conceptual foundations of the D.S.M., the main classification of mental disorders used by psychiatrists world-wide. It will be of interest to both mental health professionals and to philosophers interested in classification in science. The D.S.M. has become extremely controversial, and the possibility that there may be philosophical difficulties with it has become a commonplace in the mental health literature. Cla…
Validity of age at menarche self-reported in adulthood
Objective: To test the validity of age at menarche self-reported in adulthood and examine whether socioeconomic position, education, experience of gynaecological events and psychological symptoms influence the accuracy of recall. Design: Prospective birth cohort study. Setting: England, Scotland and Wales. Participants: 1050 women from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development, with two measures of age at menarche, on…
Cessation of Hormone Replacement Therapy After Reports of Adverse Findings From Randomized Controlled Trials
Objectives. We examined the cessation of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among British women, by educational level, social class, and cardiovascular risk factors, at the time of publicity about 2 clinical trials of HRT that were halted after adverse findings. Methods. A total of 1387 women aged 57 years reported their monthly HRT use between January 2002 and February 2003. A succession of regression-based time-series models were fitted to detec…
Resolving archaeological populations with Sr-isotope mixing models
Socioeconomic position and hysterectomy
OBJECTIVES: To examine the associations between indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) and hysterectomy in two Australian and two British cohorts. STUDY POPULATION: Women participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH), born 1921-1926 and 1946-1951, and two cohorts of British women, the British Women's Heart and Health Study and the MRC National Survey of Health and Development, born at similar times (1920 to 1939…
Methods to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires
BACKGROUND: Postal and electronic questionnaires are widely used for data collection in epidemiological studies but non-response reduces the effective sample size and can introduce bias. Finding ways to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires would improve the quality of health research. OBJECTIVES: To identify effective strategies to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched 14 elec…
Lifetime Cognitive Performance is Associated With Midlife Physical Performance in a Prospective National Birth Cohort Study
OBJECTIVES: To examine whether measures of cognitive performance across life are related to physical performance at age 53 years, allowing for potential confounders. METHODS: In a large representative British birth cohort of men and women (N = 2135) the associations between cognitive performance across life (i.e., standardized cognition scores at ages 15, 43, and 53 years and changes in verbal memory and search speed scores between 43 and 53 year…
Breaking from Tradition
Today's educated consumers demand high-quality goods and services-and that's just the beginning.It has traditionally been the role of market research to identify the attributes of the market and the needs of the customers within it.However, in an increasingly dynamic, diverse, and complex environment, the challenge to innovate and develop new products demands a deep knowledge of the users and the issues surrounding the consumption of goods and se…
Prediction of Cognitive Performance from Infancy to Early Childhood
Two longitudinal studies are described, in both of which it was found that measures of looking behaviour in early infancy predicted later problem solving and verbal and general intelligence. These results are a further demonstration that cognitive development from infancy to later childhood displays some degree of continuity. It is argued that these and other findings do not give clear support for any single model of continuity and that there are…
Are culture-bound syndromes as real as universally-occurring disorders
Introduction
Longitudinal association between early life adversity and physical activity at age 36 years
Background Periods early in life, between birth and adolescence, could be especially important for the establishment of health behaviours. Early adversity may influence the level and types of physical activity in adulthood. Objectives To investigate the associations between early adversity and adult physical activity, and the role of depression and education as potential mediators of these associations. Structural equation models were used to 1) …
Physical activity across adulthood and physical capability in mid-life
Background Maintaining high levels of physical capability with age is important given that low levels are associated with increased risk of losing independence, health problems and mortality. Studies of older people provide evidence to suggest that physical activity may be beneficial for the maintenance of physical capability however it is unclear whether the effects of physical activity accumulate over the lifecourse. Objectives To test the asso…
Clarifying and re-conceptualising density
The Handbook of Design Management
The management of design has emerged as central to the operational and strategic options of any successful organization. The Handbook of Design Management presents a state-of-the-art overview of the subject - its methodologies, current debates, history and future. The Handbook covers the breadth of principles, methods and practices that shape design management across the different design disciplines. These theories and practices extend from the o…
Parental and offspring adiposity associations
Parent-offspring associations in BMI were not explained by offspring lifestyles, but varied over successive generations and by social class, suggesting that intergenerational transmission of adiposity at a population level is modifiable rather than immutable
Do Positive Psychological Characteristics Modify the Associations of Physical Performance With Functional Decline and Institutionalization? Findings From the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam
Positive psychological characteristics, related to sense of control, play a role in the transition between stages in the disablement process. Specific psychological characteristics may be associated with different stages of the disablement process and may in turn be affected by disablement
Benchmarking sustainability in cities
Associations between birth weight and body composition in later life
Background The composition of the body (amount of fat and lean mass) has important implications for health and physical functioning and may be influenced by factors in early life. Studies have reported positive associations between birth weight, an indicator of prenatal growth, and lean mass in adolescence and adulthood. However, inconsistent findings have been reported between birth weight and fat mass, and few studies have been conducted in lat…
Medicine (37 obras) · Psychology (26 obras) · Gerontology (25 obras) · Demography (24 obras) · Population (22 obras) · Cohort (19 obras) · Gerontology (19 obras) · Cohort study (17 obras) · Socioeconomic status (17 obras) · Environmental health (16 obras)