Jean Adams
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3583308 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Jean Adams |
| NOMBRES | Jean |
| APELLIDO | Adams |
| FIRMA | ADAMS J |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Cambridge |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-5733-7830 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 96 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 63 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 95 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2003 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Framing of ultra-processed foods in UK news media (2022–2023) and associations with quoted actors’ interests
Increasing attention on “ultra-processed” foods (UPFs) and their health effects has sparked policy debate. News media influences public perceptions yet understanding of UPF framing and industry influence remains limited. This study analysed UPF framing in UK news media and trade press, exploring interests of quoted individuals and organisations. We systematically searched UK media for UPF articles in 2022–23, identifying 188 articles for mixed-me…
An economic analysis of the impacts of local authority takeaway management zones around schools in England
Higher numbers of hot food takeaways in local neighbourhood food environments can be associated with increased exposure to, and consumption of, food that is high in fat and salt, and low in health promoting nutrients. Takeaway management zones enable local authorities in England to limit the number of new hot food takeaways opening. The impacts of takeaway management zones on local economies are currently unknown and yet commercial and other acto…
Systems-informed approaches to evaluating population health interventions
There have been many calls for systems-informed approaches to evaluation. Population health interventions, which often focus on improving the upstream determinants of health through large-scale change, seem well-suited to systems-informed approaches to evaluation. The purported benefits and appropriateness of taking a systems-based approach to population health intervention evaluation have been extensively discussed, and there is a growing, but s…
Exploring sociodemographic and nutrition-related correlates of meal-kit use across five countries
Objective: To assess the frequency and correlates of meal-kit use across five countries using population-level data. Design: Online surveys conducted in 2022 assessed meal-kit use in the past week. Binary logistic regression models examined sociodemographic and nutrition-related correlates of meal-kit use, including self-reported home meal preparation and cooking skills, commercially prepared meal consumption and healthy eating, weight change and…
Moving out
Leaving home, particularly to live with a partner, is associated with a small decrease in diet quality in a population with already sub-optimal diets. Public health strategies targeting life transitions may help support healthier dietary behaviours in adolescents and young adults in Australia and other high-income countries
How did labelling provision on menus for online food delivery change after implementation of England's calorie labelling regulations
This study describes the provision of calorie labelling in the digital out-of-home food sector after the implementation of mandatory calorie labelling for large businesses in England in April 2022. Using online menu data from two major food delivery services between June 2022 and October 2023, the number of restaurants available for delivery and the share of restaurants displaying calories was determined for every neighbourhood (Lower layer Super…
Obesogenicity of food in the informal food retail environment of low- and middle-income countries
BACKGROUND: Evidence on food environment obesogenicity has largely focused on the formal sector in high-income countries, overlooking informal food retail environments in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). AIM: To synthesise current evidence on the obesogenicity of foods in informal food retail environments in LMICs. METHODS: A systematic literature search across four academic databases: Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCOhost (Global Health) an…
“It does help but there's a limit …”
Our findings suggest that although young people find management zones acceptable and believe they have some positive impact on diet, they did not perceive management zones as effective as they could be. Participants articulated that the management of takeaways on their own is unlikely to reduce exposure to unhealthy foods. Widening the remit of planning policy to include outlets selling convenience foods may be important for policy optimisation
Physical and online food outlet availability and its influence on out-of-home dietary behaviours in Great Britain
Neighbourhood outlet availability may influence out-of-home dietary behaviours, but its impact appears to weaken when OFDS availability is considered. Public health strategies should address the growing influence of OFDS platforms to improve dietary quality
Assessing the impact of a mandatory calorie labelling policy in out-of-home food outlets in England on consumer behaviour
The introduction of mandatory calorie labelling in England led to increases in self-reported noticing and using, with the key behavioural impact on ordering something different. Additional strategies may be required to maximise the public health benefits of calorie labelling
Place-based household vouchers for locally supplied fruit and vegetables
This was the first pilot RCT of a place-based, household voucher approach. The newly developed system for securely printing and redeeming the vouchers worked well and is potentially scalable. Future trials should consider alternative methods of assessing the impact on households and explore more efficient ways to deliver the intervention e.g. through collaborative working with local resources such as community centres
Industry responses to unhealthy food retail promotion restrictions
Objective: Governments are increasingly implementing policies to improve population diets, despite food industry resistance to regulation that may reduce their profits from sales of unhealthy foods. However, retail food environments remain an important target for policy action. This study analysed publicly available responses of industry actors to two public consultations on regulatory options for restricting unhealthy food price and placement pr…
Menu item prices and promotions offered on a meal delivery app in the UK and their socio-economic patterns
Objective: To describe menu item prices and promotions on a meal delivery app in the UK and explore their socio-economic patterns. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive analysis Setting: We analysed over 21 million menu items from 71 532 food outlets listed on JustEat across the UK. We assessed median prices and types of promotions, examining variations by cuisine (e.g. chicken dishes, pizza) and outlet type (i.e. grocery, chain takeaways). Promoti…
Linking physical food outlets to online platforms
This study demonstrates the potential of machine learning techniques to efficiently match physical and online food outlets. This automated approach can provide insights into the relationship between physical and online food availability. Researchers and policymakers can use this method to better understand inequalities in food outlet availability and monitor the expansion of online delivery services
Understanding the socio-spatial distribution of “dark retail” in England
Online food delivery services (OFDS) are an increasingly popular way of accessing both ready-to-consume foods and groceries. Such foods are sometimes delivered from facilities not open to the public - so called 'dark retail'. However, there is a lack of data on 'dark retail', which limits understanding of their location, prevalence and growth. We identified different types of dark kitchens (i.e., "virtual brands", "ghost kitchens") and dark groce…
Changes in the number of new takeaway food outlets associated with adoption of management zones around schools
By the end of 2017, 35 local authorities (LAs) across England had adopted takeaway management zones (or "exclusion zones") around schools as a means to curb proliferation of new takeaways. In this nationwide, natural experimental study, we evaluated the impact of management zones on takeaway retail, including unintended displacement of takeaways to areas immediately beyond management zones, and impacts on chain fast-food outlets. We used uncontro…
Changes in the number and outcome of takeaway food outlet planning applications in response to adoption of management zones around schools in England
Physical exposure to takeaway food outlets ("takeaways") is associated with poor diet and excess weight, which are leading causes of excess morbidity and mortality. At the end of 2017, 35 local authorities (LAs) in England had adopted takeaway management zones (or "exclusion zones"), which is an urban planning intervention designed to reduce physical exposure to takeaways around schools. In this nationwide, natural experimental study, we used int…
Changes in UK price disparities between healthy and less healthy foods over 10 years
Food prices and affordability play an important role in influencing dietary choices, which in turn have implications for public health. With inflationary increases in the cost-of-living in the UK since 2021, understanding the dynamics of food prices becomes increasingly important. In this longitudinal study, we aimed to examine changes in food prices from 2013 to 2023 by food group and by food healthiness. We established a dataset spanning the ye…
Estimated changes in free sugar consumption one year after the UK soft drinks industry levy came into force
BACKGROUND: The UK soft drinks industry levy (SDIL) was announced in March 2016 and implemented in April 2018, encouraging manufacturers to reduce the sugar content of soft drinks. This is the first study to investigate changes in individual-level consumption of free sugars in relation to the SDIL. METHODS: We used controlled interrupted time series (2011-2019) to explore changes in the consumption of free sugars in the whole diet and from soft d…
Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England
In April 2022, mandatory kilocalorie (kcal) labelling in the out-of-home food sector was introduced as a policy to reduce obesity in England. Here we examined whether the implementation of this policy was associated with a consumer behaviour change. Large out-of-home food sector outlets subject to kcal labelling legislation were visited pre- and post-implementation, and customer exit surveys were conducted with 6,578 customers from 330 outlets. K…
The adoption and implementation of local government planning policy to manage hot food takeaways near schools in England
Although sometimes challenging, the policies were commonly described as feasible to implement. However, they may not completely prevent new takeaways opening, particularly where takeaways are relied upon to enhance local economies or where takeaway businesses find alternative ways to operate. Nevertheless, the policies can serve to shift the balance of power that currently favours commercial interests over public health priorities
Understanding the role of the state in dietary public health policymaking
Despite evidence that dietary population health interventions are effective and widely accepted, they remain the topic of intense debate centring on the appropriate role of the state. This review sought to identify how the role of the state in intervening in individuals’ food practices is conceptualized across a wide range of literatures. We searched 10 databases and 4 journals for texts that debated dietary population health interventions design…
Using systems thinking to generate novel research questions for the evaluation of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation policies
Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes have been recommended by the WHO, introduced in over 85 countries, and assessed through an increasing number of evaluations. However, few studies have applied systems thinking to generate questions exploring the range of ways in which an SSB tax, and the system within which it is embedded, have adapted to one another over time. We demonstrate how adopting this perspective could advance the field. A systems thi…
Kilocalorie labelling in the out-of-home sector
Prior to implementation of 2022 kcal labelling policy, the majority of sampled OHFS large business outlets in England did not provide kcal labelling. Few customers noticed or used the labels and on average customers purchased and consumed substantially more energy than recommended in public health guidelines. The findings suggest that reliance on voluntary action for kcal labelling implementation failed to produce widespread, consistent, and adeq…
A multi-country comparison of jurisdictions with and without mandatory nutrition labelling policies in restaurants
Objective: To examine differences in noticing and use of nutrition information comparing jurisdictions with and without mandatory menu labelling policies and examine differences among sociodemographic groups. Design: Cross-sectional data from the International Food Policy Study (IFPS) online survey. Setting: IFPS participants from Australia, Canada, Mexico, United Kingdom and USA in 2019. Participants: Adults aged 18–99; n 19 393. Results: Partic…
The Mediating Role of Time Perspective in Socio-economic Inequalities in Smoking and Physical Activity in Older English Adults
Socio-economic variations in health behaviours contribute to socio-economic inequalities in health. Time perspective describes how individuals' consideration of future outcomes influences their present day behaviours and is associated with health behaviours and socio-economic position. Although theoretically plausible, the potential mediating role of time perspective in socio-economic inequalities in health behaviours has received little research…
Evidence of a health risk ‘signalling effect’ following the introduction of a sugar-sweetened beverage tax
Consuming sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) has been associated with increased rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes, making SSBs an increasingly popular target for taxation. In addition to changing prices, the introduction of an SSB tax may convey information about the health risks of SSBs (a signalling effect). If SSB taxation operates in part by producing a health risk signal, there may be important opportunities to amplify this effect. Our aim …
Planning and Public Health professionals’ experiences of using the planning system to regulate hot food takeaway outlets in England
Takeaway food outlets offer limited seating and sell hot food to be consumed away from their premises. They typically serve energy-dense, nutrient-poor food. National planning guidelines in England offer the potential for local planning policies to promote healthier food environments through regulation of takeaway food outlets. Around half of English local government areas use this approach, but little is known about the process of adoption. We a…
Using natural experimental studies to guide public health action
Despite smaller effect sizes, interventions delivered at population level to prevent non-communicable diseases generally have greater reach, impact and equity than those delivered to high-risk groups. Nevertheless, how to shift population behaviour patterns in this way remains one of the greatest uncertainties for research and policy. Evidence about behaviour change interventions that are easier to evaluate tends to overshadow that for population…
How does local government use the planning system to regulate hot food takeaway outlets? A census of current practice in England using document review
Takeaway food outlets typically sell hot food, ordered and paid for at the till, for consumption off the premises due to limited seating provision. Growing numbers of these outlets has raised concerns about their impact on diet and weight gain. This has led to proposals to regulate their proliferation through urban planning. We conducted a census of local government areas in England with planning power (n = 325) to identify planning policies spec…
Life course measures of socioeconomic position and self reported health at age 50
There is evidence that premature mortality is predicted by both cumulative1 and pathway measures of life course socioeconomic position (SEP).2 However, no work to date has investigated the relation between life course SEP and self reported health around age 50. We assessed the association between self reported limiting longstanding illness (LLSI) at age 50 and both cross sectional and life course measures of SEP. The Newcastle thousand families s…
Understanding the socio-spatial distribution of “dark retail” in England
Online food delivery services (OFDS) are an increasingly popular way of accessing both ready-to-consume foods and groceries. Such foods are sometimes delivered from facilities not open to the public - so called 'dark retail'. However, there is a lack of data on 'dark retail', which limits understanding of their location, prevalence and growth. We identified different types of dark kitchens (i.e., "virtual brands", "ghost kitchens") and dark groce…
Restricting the advertising of high fat, salt and sugar foods on the Transport for London estate
The nutritional content and cost of supermarket ready-meals. Cross-sectional analysis
BACKGROUND: Over-reliance on convenience foods, including ready-meals, has been suggested as one contributor to obesity. Little research has systematically explored the nutritional content of supermarket ready-meals. We described the nutritional content and cost of UK supermarket ready-meals. METHODS: We conducted a survey of supermarket own-brand chilled and frozen ready-meals available in branches of ten national supermarket chains in one city …
Changes in UK price disparities between healthy and less healthy foods over 10 years
Food prices and affordability play an important role in influencing dietary choices, which in turn have implications for public health. With inflationary increases in the cost-of-living in the UK since 2021, understanding the dynamics of food prices becomes increasingly important. In this longitudinal study, we aimed to examine changes in food prices from 2013 to 2023 by food group and by food healthiness. We established a dataset spanning the ye…
Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England
In April 2022, mandatory kilocalorie (kcal) labelling in the out-of-home food sector was introduced as a policy to reduce obesity in England. Here we examined whether the implementation of this policy was associated with a consumer behaviour change. Large out-of-home food sector outlets subject to kcal labelling legislation were visited pre- and post-implementation, and customer exit surveys were conducted with 6,578 customers from 330 outlets. K…
Awareness, use and understanding of nutrition labels among adults from five countries
Socioeconomic position and sleep quantity in UK adults
Study objective: To investigate the association between markers of socioeconomic position (years of full time education, access to a car or van, and occupational social class) and mid-range sleep quantity (6.5 to 8.5 hours). Data source: Office of National Statistics Omnibus Survey, May 1999. Participants: 3000 households were randomly selected from the UK postcode address file and one person aged over 16 years from each household was randomly se…
Linking physical food outlets to online platforms
This study demonstrates the potential of machine learning techniques to efficiently match physical and online food outlets. This automated approach can provide insights into the relationship between physical and online food availability. Researchers and policymakers can use this method to better understand inequalities in food outlet availability and monitor the expansion of online delivery services
The adoption and implementation of local government planning policy to manage hot food takeaways near schools in England
Although sometimes challenging, the policies were commonly described as feasible to implement. However, they may not completely prevent new takeaways opening, particularly where takeaways are relied upon to enhance local economies or where takeaway businesses find alternative ways to operate. Nevertheless, the policies can serve to shift the balance of power that currently favours commercial interests over public health priorities
Assessing the healthiness of menus of all out-of-home food outlets and its socioeconomic patterns in Great Britain
Food environment research predominantly focuses on the spatial distribution of out-of-home food outlets. However, the healthiness of food choices available within these outlets has been understudied, largely due to resource constraints. In this study, we propose an innovative, low-resource approach to characterise the healthiness of out-of-home food outlets at scale. Menu healthiness scores were calculated for food outlets on JustEat, and a deep …
Parents' and carers' awareness and perceptions of UK supermarket policies on less healthy food at checkouts
BACKGROUND: In the retail environment strategic placement of food influences purchasing. Foods placed at checkouts have tended to be less healthy. In response to consumer concern some UK supermarkets voluntarily committed to removing less healthy food from their checkouts. We explored qualitatively the perceptions and experiences of parents and carers of younger children regarding food at supermarket checkouts, supermarket checkout food policies,…
Age-related inequalities in colon cancer treatment persist over time
BACKGROUND: Older people experience poorer outcomes from colon cancer. We examined if treatment for colon cancer was related to age and if inequalities changed over time. METHODS: Data from the UK population-based Northern and Yorkshire Cancer Registry on 31 910 incident colon cancers (ICD10 C18) diagnosed between 1999-2010 were obtained. Likelihood of receipt of: (1) cancer-directed surgery, (2) chemotherapy in surgical patients, (3) chemotherap…
Change in non-alcoholic beverage sales following a 10-pence levy on sugar-sweetened beverages within a national chain of restaurants in the UK
BACKGROUND: This study evaluates changes in sales of non-alcoholic beverages in Jamie's Italian, a national chain of commercial restaurants in the UK, following the introduction of a £0.10 per-beverage levy on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and supporting activity including beverage menu redesign, new products and establishment of a children's health fund from levy proceeds. METHODS: We used an interrupted time series design to quantify changes…
Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of time spent cooking by adults in the 2005 UK Time Use Survey. Cross-sectional analysis
This study aimed to document the prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of time spent cooking by adults in the 2005 UK Time-Use Survey. Respondents reported their main activities, in 10 minute slots, throughout one 24 hour period. Activities were coded into 30 pre-defined codes, including 'cooking, washing up'. Four measures of time spent cooking were calculated: any time spent cooking, 30 continuous minutes spent cooking, total time spent c…
Socioeconomic position and the association between anticipated and actual survival in older English adults
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic disadvantage may cause individuals to have lower expectations of longevity and not engage in healthy behaviours because they judge the long-term health benefits of these to be minimal. We explored demographic, health behaviour, health and socioeconomic correlates of subjectively estimated lifespan ('anticipated survival'); the ability of anticipated survival to predict actual survival; and whether the predictive ability …
Does rear seat belt use vary according to socioeconomic status
olicy measures, including legislation, are one method of promoting health. Participation in many voluntary health promoting behaviours is strongly socioeconomically patterned, 1 and this may also apply to behaviours governed by legislation
Health benefits of green spaces not confirmed
ACC-9653, a prodrug of phenytoin synthesized to be water soluble, is converted to phenytoin by phos-phatases. In this study, 43 patients received ACC-9653 IV or IM. Side effects were transient and minor. The conversion half-lives of ACC-9653 after intravenous and intramuscular administration averaged 8.4 and 32.7 minutes, respectively. Peak phenytoin concentrations occurred 42 minutes after IV and 151 minutes after IM administration
Does rear seat belt use vary according to socioeconomic status
olicy measures, including legislation, are one method of promoting health. Participation in many voluntary health promoting behaviours is strongly socioeconomically patterned, 1 and this may also apply to behaviours governed by legislation
Smoking cessation services may not reduce inequalities
Given the oft quoted proposition that health promotion interventions frequently increase, rather than decrease, socioeconomic inequalities in health (SEIH),1 we were interested to read the article by Lowey et al .2 However, we believe that the title of this article is misleading, that the authors have not analysed the data to its fullest potential, and that a number of the conclusions drawn are unjustified. The authors do not present any data on …
Are there socioeconomic gradients in the quality of data held by UK cancer registries
N If socioeconomic variations in the completeness of detail of cancer registration data are confirmed, their source should be identified and methods of decreasing them developed
Life course measures of socioeconomic position and self reported health at age 50
There is evidence that premature mortality is predicted by both cumulative1 and pathway measures of life course socioeconomic position (SEP).2 However, no work to date has investigated the relation between life course SEP and self reported health around age 50. We assessed the association between self reported limiting longstanding illness (LLSI) at age 50 and both cross sectional and life course measures of SEP. The Newcastle thousand families s…
Trends in physical activity and inactivity amongst US 14–18 year olds by gender, school grade and race, 1993–2003
Overall changes in both activity and inactivity were generally small and are unlikely to play a significant role in reported secular trends in overweight and obesity in adolescents
Socioeconomic position and sleep quantity in UK adults
Study objective: To investigate the association between markers of socioeconomic position (years of full time education, access to a car or van, and occupational social class) and mid-range sleep quantity (6.5 to 8.5 hours). Data source: Office of National Statistics Omnibus Survey, May 1999. Participants: 3000 households were randomly selected from the UK postcode address file and one person aged over 16 years from each household was randomly se…
Changes in socioeconomic inequalities in census measures of health in England and Wales, 1991–2001
Study objectives: To investigate changes in socioeconomic inequalities in census measures of health in England and Wales between 1991 and 2001. Design: Indirect standardisation was used to calculate age standardised rates of limiting long term illness and permanent sickness in men and women in all residential wards in England and Wales in 1991 and 2001. The socioeconomic position of each ward was determined using Townsend deprivation scores. Sett…
Changes in consumption of sugars by English adolescents over 20 years
Objective Dietary surveys of 11- to 12-year-old Northumbrian children in 1980 and 1990 revealed that consumption of non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) was 16–17% of energy intake. This study reports dietary sugars consumption in 2000 and compares it with data collected in 1980 and 1990, using identical methods. Design A repeat cross-sectional dietary survey of children aged 11–12 years attending the same schools as in the 1980 and 1990 surveys. Set…
Portrayal of health-related behaviours in popular UK television soap operas
Background: Evidence suggests that health-related story lines in popular television programmes may lead to increased viewer knowledge or behaviour change. However, little is currently known about the portrayal of common health-related behaviours on UK television soap operas. Methods: The portrayal of 11 key health-related behaviours on the 4 most popular soap operas set and broadcast in the UK over 4 weeks in spring 2005 was assessed. Results: Se…
Time perspective, personality and smoking, body mass, and physical activity
Objectives. Time perspective describes how individuals conceptualize and value future events, and may be related to health behaviours. Research to date has focused on addictive behaviours, used a variety of different measures of time perspective, and not explored the role of personality. This work aimed to: explore the relationships between: five previously used measures of time perspective; time perspective and the broad domains of the five‐fact…
The 2008 Great North Run as public health intervention
Mass participation sporting events are often proposed as methods of promoting physical activity and decreasing obesity. Little research has explored who takes part in such events or if participation leads to sustained behaviour change. The Great North Run (GNR), from Newcastle upon Tyne to South Shields (13.1 miles), is the UK’s largest mass participation sporting event. To describe the characteristics of non-elite runners in the 2008 GNR, and do…
The Mediating Role of Time Perspective in Socio-economic Inequalities in Smoking and Physical Activity in Older English Adults
Socio-economic variations in health behaviours contribute to socio-economic inequalities in health. Time perspective describes how individuals' consideration of future outcomes influences their present day behaviours and is associated with health behaviours and socio-economic position. Although theoretically plausible, the potential mediating role of time perspective in socio-economic inequalities in health behaviours has received little research…
Variations in food and drink advertising in UK monthly women's magazines according to season, magazine type and socio-economic profile of readers
Food and drink advertisements represented only a small proportion of advertisements in UK women's monthly magazines. Food and drink advertisements in these magazines feature a high proportion of 'less healthy' foods. There were a number of differences across season, magazine type and according to the socio-economic profile of readers in the prevalence of food and drink advertisements. Fewer differences were seen in the type of food and drinks adv…
Socio-economic differences in outdoor food advertising in a city in Northern England
Objective To explore differences in the prevalence of outdoor food advertising, and the type and nutritional content of advertised foods, according to an area-based marker of socio-economic position (SEP) in a city in Northern England. Design All outdoor advertisements in the city were identified during October–December 2009, their size (in m 2 ) estimated and their location determined using a global positioning system device. Advertisements were…
Socio-economic differences in exposure to television food advertisements in the UK
Objective To document socio-economic differences in exposure to food advertising, including advertisements for foods high in fat, salt and sugar (HFSS) as defined by the UK Food Standards Agency's Nutrient Profiling Model. Design A cross-sectional survey. Information (including product advertised and viewing figures) on all advertisements broadcast in one UK region over one week (6–12 July 2009) was obtained. Food advertisements were identified a…
PL03 Socio-Economic Inequalities in Lung Cancer Treatment
Background Intervention-generated inequalities in health result from the way that health interventions are organised and delivered. There is some evidence that socio-economic inequalities in care may occur for some common cancers and treatment inequalities may contribute to socio-economic differences in survival. Although the incidence and outcome of lung cancer varies with socio-economic status (SES), it is not known whether socio-economic inequ…
PS35 The Role of Time Preference in Smoking Cessation
Background ‘Time preference’ is an economic concept that describes the trade-offs that individuals make between costs and benefits occurring at different points of time. Related psychological concepts include time perspective, impulsivity and delay of gratification. Present orientated people prefer immediate over future gains and place more value on these. Differences in how much value different individuals place on future outcomes are likely to …
PP32 Are there Socio-Inequalities Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Care
Background There has been increasing research interest in the adverse effects of public health interventions; notably concern that processes in the planning or delivery of an intervention may create or exacerbate the health differences between population groups. The aim of this study was to contribute to current understanding of ‘intervention-generated inequalities’ by examining the impact of secondary and tertiary preventive interventions for Ty…
OP50 Socio-Economic Inequalities in Lung Cancer Treatment
Background Socio-economic inequalities in receipt of lung cancer treatment have been demonstrated in our recently published systematic review and meta-analysis, in both universal (UHCS) and non-universal healthcare systems. These findings could not be explained by type of healthcare system or stage at diagnosis. However, not all of the included studies reported details of stage and histology, both of which influence treatment type, and very few U…
Alcohol marketing in televised international football
The frequency of visual references to alcohol was universally high and higher in matches featuring the only UK home team--England--suggesting that there may be targeting of particularly highly viewed matches. References were embedded in broadcasts, and not particular to commercial channels including paid-for advertising. New UK codes-of-conduct on alcohol marketing at sporting events will not reduce the level of marketing reported here
The effect of dance mat exergaming systems on physical activity and health – related outcomes in secondary schools
The implementation of a dance mat exergaming scheme was associated with improvement in anthropometric measurements and parameters of health-related quality of life. However, the mechanisms of these benefits are unclear as there was insufficient data from physical activity to draw robust conclusions. Qualitative findings suggest that there was declining support for the initiative over time, meaning that potential benefits may not have been achieve…
Socioeconomic position and the association between anticipated and actual survival in older English adults
BACKGROUND: Socioeconomic disadvantage may cause individuals to have lower expectations of longevity and not engage in healthy behaviours because they judge the long-term health benefits of these to be minimal. We explored demographic, health behaviour, health and socioeconomic correlates of subjectively estimated lifespan ('anticipated survival'); the ability of anticipated survival to predict actual survival; and whether the predictive ability …
Frequent Residential Relocations Cumulatively Accelerate Menarcheal Timing in a Sample of English Adolescent Girls
Childhood adversity has been associated with accelerated menarcheal and reproductive timing in females. The relationship between family- and neighbourhood-level measures of childhood adversity, menarcheal timing and intended reproductive timing was investigated in a sample of 354 English adolescent girls. The data were collected from March to June 2012. In total 90 of the participants had reached menarche. Frequent residential relocations increas…
Food at checkouts in non-food stores
Objective To investigate the display of food at non-food store checkouts; and to classify foods by type and nutrient content, presence of price promotions and whether food was at child height. Design Cross-sectional survey of checkout displays at non-food stores. Foods were classified as ‘less healthy’ or healthier using the UK Food Standards Agency’s Nutrient Profile Model. Written price promotions were recorded. Child height was defined as the …
Medicine (77 obras) · Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet (52 obras) · Environmental health (50 obras) · Business (32 obras) · Population (28 obras) · Consumer Attitudes and Food Labeling (27 obras) · Public health (24 obras) · Demography (22 obras) · Sociology (22 obras) · Nutritional Studies and Diet (20 obras)