Paul Dolan
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3583459 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Paul Dolan |
| NOMBRES | Paul |
| APELLIDO | Dolan |
| FIRMA | DOLAN P |
| AFILIACIONES | London School of Economics and Political Science |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6180-2849 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 63 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 412 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 63 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1940 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
Sleeping with the enemy
Political polarization has transcended political arenas, influencing personal decisions. While such biases are often ascribed to out-group animosity, a person’s “party tag” may act as a proxy for other characteristics, overstating partisanship’s role in private life. To explore this, we focus on online dating, using a conjoint experiment with 3,000 UK participants to isolate the effect of partisanship from other traits. Our findings indicate that…
Patients' subjective well-being
It is commonly suggested that patients' subjective well-being (SWB) can be affected by pre-treatment conditions and treatment experiences, and hence SWB can be used to measure and improve healthcare quality. With data collected in a hospital in the UK ( N = 446), we investigated the determinants of patients' SWB and evaluated its use in healthcare research. Our findings showed strong relationships between pre-treatment conditions and patients' SW…
Happy to Help
We study the wellbeing returns from volunteering in England's National Health Service (NHS) Volunteer Responders, set up in response to Covid-19. Using linked survey and administrative data, we exploit the oversubscription of volunteers and the random allocation of tasks via an app to establish causality. Volunteers show stronger wellbeing and feelings of belongingness and connectedness to their local area. Welfare analyses suggest that the benef…
Affective paternalism
Many decisions are curated, incentivised or nudged by a third party. Despite this, only a handful of studies have looked at paternalistic decision-makers and the psychological processes by which they arrive at their decisions. The role of affect , in particular, has been ignored so far, and yet restricting agency on a potentially large group of people might be highly unpleasant. We are the first to propose a conceptual framework of affective pate…
Crypto/Space
This paper explores how so-called ‘Web3’ blockchain projects are materially and socially constituted. A blockchain is an append-only distributed database. The technology is being hyped as applicable for a whole range of industries, social service provisions, and as a fix for economic disparities in communities left behind by mainstream financial systems. Drawing on case studies from our ongoing research we explain how, despite being virtual, Web3…
Who’s miserable now? Identifying clusters of people with the lowest subjective wellbeing in the UK
Policymakers are generally most concerned about improving the lives of the worst-off members of society. Identifying these people can be challenging. We take various measures of subjective wellbeing (SWB) as indicators of the how well people are doing in life and employ Latent Class Analysis to identify those with greatest propensity to be among the worst-off in a nationally representative sample of over 215,000 people in the United Kingdom. Our …
You Must Stay at Home! The Impact of Commands on Behaviors During Covid-19
“You must stay at home!” This is how the UK Prime Minister announced lockdown in March 2020. Many countries implemented similarly assertive messages. Research, however, suggests that authoritative language can backfire by inciting psychological reactance (i.e., feelings of anger arising from threats to one’s autonomy). In a series of three studies, we therefore tested whether commanding versus control and noncommanding messages influence several …
Mental Health Reform
The social, health, and economic burden of mental health problems in the veteran community is heavy. Internationally, the array of services and support available to veterans and their families are extensive but vary in quality, are often disconnected, complex to navigate, and lack clear coordination. This paper describes a conceptual framework to guide the design and implementation of a system of services and supports to optimize the mental healt…
Better the devil you know
When the Future “Spills Under”
We examined whether an expected future activity (exercise vs. relaxation) impacts a present behavior (performance on an intellectual task) that occurs prior to this activity. Across two experiments ( n = 320 and n = 466), the influence of expected exercise compared to relaxation on present intellectual performance was moderated by general self-efficacy (GSE)—a core personality trait that determines people’s confidence that they can surmount physi…
Facing it
Although there has been a proliferation of research and policy work into how nudges shape people's behaviour, most studies stop far short of consumer welfare analysis. In the current work, we critically reflect on recent efforts to provide insights into the consumer welfare impact of nudges using willingness to pay and subjective well-being reports and explore an unobtrusive approach that can speak to the immediate emotional impacts of a nudge: a…
Self-affirmation reduces the socioeconomic attainment gap in schools in England
BackgroundStudies in the United States show that school students from some ethnic backgrounds are susceptible to stereotype threat, that this undermines their academic performance, and that a series of virtually zero-cost self-affirmation writing exercises can reduce these adverse effects. In England, however, socioeconomic status (SES) is a much stronger predictor of academic success than is ethnic background.AimsThis study investigates whether …
Quantifying the Intangible Impact of the Olympics Using Subjective Well-Being Data
Quantifying the intangible impact of the Olympics using subjective well-being data
What works for wellbeing? A systematic review of wellbeing outcomes for music and singing in adults
The Measure Matters
The Host with the Most? The Effects of the Olympic Games on Happiness
Bad Air Days
Air pollution makes us feel bad when we think about it – but do bad air days really affect our subjective well-being (SWB) when we are not thinking about them? And if so, do they affect the range of possible measures of SWB in similar ways? Using data from over 165,000 individuals in the UK, we model evaluative, experiential and eudemonic SWB as a function of demographic and local area characteristics including the background concentration of par…
The Theory and Practice of “Nudging”
Many of the most significant challenges in health care—such as smoking, overeating, and poor adherence to evidence‐based guidelines—will only be resolved if we can influence behavior. The traditional policy tools used when thinking about influencing behavior include legislation, regulation, and information provision. Recently, policy analysts have shown interest in policies that “nudge” people in particular directions, drawing on advances in unde…
Like ripples on a pond
No behavior sits in a vacuum, and one behavior can greatly affect what happens next. We propose a conceptual frame within which a broad range of behavioral spillovers can be accounted for when applying behavioral science to policy challenges. We consider behaviors which take place sequentially and are linked, at a conscious or unconscious level, by some underlying motive. The first behavior leads to another behavior which can either work in the s…
Paying people to eat or not to eat? Carryover effects of monetary incentives on eating behaviour
There is no evidence comparing head-to-head the effects of monetary incentives to act and to abstain from acting on behaviour. We present an experiment, conducted between June and September 2012, that directly compares the effects of those two different monetary incentive schemes on eating behaviour: we evaluate incentives to eat against incentives not to eat. A large number of participants (n = 353) had bowls of sweets next to them while they wa…
The Happiness Workout
More Years, Less Yawns
Contrary to much previous research, tiredness decreases with age. People who are more than 65 years of age are almost one point on a 0-6 scale less tired than people aged between 15 and 24. Clinical implications and methodological limitations are discussed
Subjective well-being and the measurement of quality in healthcare
Behavioural economics and its implications for transport
Interpretations of Utility and Their Implications for the Valuation of Health
The term 'utility' can be interpreted in terms of the hedonic experience of an outcome (experienced utility) or in terms of the preference or desire for that outcome (decision utility). It is this second interpretation that lies at the heart of the methods that economists have developed to value non-market goods, such as health. In this article, we argue that decision utility is unlikely to generate meaningful data on the utility associated with …
Measuring Subjective Wellbeing
Governments around the world are now beginning to seriously consider the use of measures of subjective wellbeing (SWB) - ratings of thoughts and feelings about life - for monitoring progress and for informing and appraising public policy. The mental state account of wellbeing upon which SWB measures are based can provide useful additional information about who is doing well and badly in life when compared to that provided by the objective list an…
Destruction and Distress
Using a longitudinal household panel dataset in the UK, where a significant proportion of the interviews are conducted in September each year, we are able to show that the attacks of September 11 resulted in lower levels of subjective well-being for those interviewed after that date in 2001 compared with those interviewed before it. This quasi‐experiment provides one of the first examples of the impact of a terrorist attack in one country on well…
Influencing behaviour
The Theory and Practice of “Nudging”
Many of the most significant challenges in health care—such as smoking, overeating, and poor adherence to evidence‐based guidelines—will only be resolved if we can influence behavior. The traditional policy tools used when thinking about influencing behavior include legislation, regulation, and information provision. Recently, policy analysts have shown interest in policies that “nudge” people in particular directions, drawing on advances in unde…
The role of adaptation to disability and disease in health state valuation
Estimating the Economic and Social Costs of the Fear of Crime
A recent article in this journal, Dolan et al. (2005) provided a methodology for estimating the intangible costs (or losses in quality of life) from violent crime. Here, we develop that methodology to provide estimates of the intangible costs arising from the anticipation of possible victimisation; that is, estimates of the costs of fear of crime. These costs are categorised according to whether they result in non-health losses or health losses. …
The moral relevance of personal characteristics in setting health care priorities
Like ripples on a pond
No behavior sits in a vacuum, and one behavior can greatly affect what happens next. We propose a conceptual frame within which a broad range of behavioral spillovers can be accounted for when applying behavioral science to policy challenges. We consider behaviors which take place sequentially and are linked, at a conscious or unconscious level, by some underlying motive. The first behavior leads to another behavior which can either work in the s…
Equity, capabilities and health
Subjective well-being and the measurement of quality in healthcare
Estimating the Intangible Victim Costs of Violent Crime
Current estimates of the intangible costs of violent crime, such as the pain, grief and suffering experienced by victims, are not very robust. This paper sets out the different methods that can be used to provide more defensible cost estimates, and that use data that are currently available. One of these methods involves estimating the number of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) that victims of crime lose. The estimates suggest that rape result…
The Measure Matters
To what extent can we explain time trade-off values from other information about respondents
Valuing health status using VAS and TTO
Dynamic Well-Being
Self-affirmation reduces the socioeconomic attainment gap in schools in England
BackgroundStudies in the United States show that school students from some ethnic backgrounds are susceptible to stereotype threat, that this undermines their academic performance, and that a series of virtually zero-cost self-affirmation writing exercises can reduce these adverse effects. In England, however, socioeconomic status (SES) is a much stronger predictor of academic success than is ethnic background.AimsThis study investigates whether …
The Happiness Workout
Mapping visual analogue scale health state valuations onto standard gamble and time trade-off values
Measuring people's preferences regarding ageism in health
Inconsistency and health state valuations
Bad Air Days
Air pollution makes us feel bad when we think about it – but do bad air days really affect our subjective well-being (SWB) when we are not thinking about them? And if so, do they affect the range of possible measures of SWB in similar ways? Using data from over 165,000 individuals in the UK, we model evaluative, experiential and eudemonic SWB as a function of demographic and local area characteristics including the background concentration of par…
Behavioural economics and its implications for transport
Do NHS clinicians and members of the public share the same views about reducing inequalities in health
Crypto/Space
This paper explores how so-called ‘Web3’ blockchain projects are materially and socially constituted. A blockchain is an append-only distributed database. The technology is being hyped as applicable for a whole range of industries, social service provisions, and as a fix for economic disparities in communities left behind by mainstream financial systems. Drawing on case studies from our ongoing research we explain how, despite being virtual, Web3…
The Rise of Crime in the Period 1830-1860
One of the most absorbing subjects of the great middle period in American history is the social transition which was effected. The scope of such movement would demand greater treatment that could even be thought of in a brief survey, but perhaps a somewhat superficial discussion of one particular phase of this general topic may aid a bit in comprehending the full force of the movement. The chief characteristic of this period seems to be the relen…
The Nordic Council
The Nordic Council
CO-OPERATION among the Fenno-Scandic countries' has had an enviably long history. Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Iceland have long had affinity for one another.2 Perhaps there is no other international region which has persevered in working out common attacks upon mutual problems as have these five small lands of the North. Much Scandinavian co-operation has been of the informal type. In 1953, acting under statutes approved by Norway, Swed…
Negroes, Ballots, and Judges. Donald S. Strong
An Agency and Its Adopters
United States
American poetry
What is American poetry? This paper is a history of the various answers poets have given to that question. They include Whitman's creation of a new form for poetry, one to replace those inherited from England. This new poetry was as radical politically as it was poetically —it was created to include those that other poetic forms had left out. Frost, on the other hand, adapted British verse forms to an American scene and American verse. The contra…
Health state valuations from the general public using the Visual Analogue Scale
Inconsistency and health state valuations
Modeling Valuations for EuroQol Health States
OBJECTIVES: It has become increasingly common for preference-based measures of health-related quality of life to be used in the evaluation of different health-care interventions. For one such measure, The EuroQol, designed to be used for these purposes, it was necessary to derive a single index value for each of the 243 health states it generates. The problem was that it was virtually impossible to generate direct valuations for all of these stat…
Mapping visual analogue scale health state valuations onto standard gamble and time trade-off values
Valuing health status using VAS and TTO
Variations in population health status
Objective: To measure the health of a representative sample of the population of the United Kingdom by using the EuroQoL EQ-5D questionnaire. Design : Stratified random sample representative of the general population aged 18 and over and living in the community. Setting : United Kingdom. Subjects: 3395 people resident in the United Kingdom. Main outcome measures: Average values for mobility, self care, usual activities, pain or discomfort, and an…
Modelling Valuations for Eq-5d Health States
OBJECTIVES: The EQ-5D is a preference-based measure of health and is increasingly being used in the evaluation of health technologies. A 'tariff' of values for all 243 EQ-5D health states has been generated using direct valuations on a subset of these states. The tariff is used to express the value of differences between health states, and so this paper explores whether a tariff with better predictive ability can be calculated using differences b…
The role of adaptation to disability and disease in health state valuation
To what extent can we explain time trade-off values from other information about respondents
A note on the relative importance that people attach to different factors when setting priorities in health care
Objective To explore whether and to what extent people wish to give differential priority when asked to choose between providing health care treatment for different individuals or groups, on the basis of a range of factors, ranging from health gain to the number of dependants a person has. Design A sample of people resident in York self‐completed a questionnaire. Setting The City of York. Participants Twenty‐three members of the general public an…
The moral relevance of personal characteristics in setting health care priorities
Measuring people's preferences regarding ageism in health
Explaining Attitudes Towards Ambiguity
Many theories have been put forward to explain attitudes towards ambiguity. This paper reports on an experiment designed to test for the existence of Comparative Ignorance when it is tested over events with a range of different likelihoods. A total of 93 subjects valued a series of gambles, one of which was played out for real. The results do not lend support to the theory, although the relationship between risk and ambiguity does appear to corre…
Response to “on the relevance of personal characteristics in setting health care priorities
Qaly maximisation and people's preferences
In cost‐utility analysis, the numbers of quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) gained are aggregated according to the sum‐ranking (or QALY maximisation) rule. This requires that the social value from health improvements is a simple product of gains in quality of life, length of life and the number of persons treated. The results from a systematic review of the literature suggest that QALY maximisation is descriptively flawed. Rather than being line…
Estimating the Intangible Victim Costs of Violent Crime
Current estimates of the intangible costs of violent crime, such as the pain, grief and suffering experienced by victims, are not very robust. This paper sets out the different methods that can be used to provide more defensible cost estimates, and that use data that are currently available. One of these methods involves estimating the number of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) that victims of crime lose. The estimates suggest that rape result…
Equity, capabilities and health
Dynamic Well-Being
Psychology (46 obras) · Economics (35 obras) · Social Psychology (33 obras) · Medicine (27 obras) · Political science (26 obras) · Social Psychology (23 obras) · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction (19 obras) · Sociology (19 obras) · Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life (17 obras) · Computer Science (16 obras)