Jonathan R Wood
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3584692 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Jonathan R Wood |
| NOMBRES | Jonathan R |
| APELLIDO | Wood |
| FIRMA | WOOD J R |
| AFILIACIONES | University College London |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-6630-6916 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 19 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 85 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 19 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2017 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Questioning Diversity (of Iron) in the Workplace
The Iron Ages in the West and China did not start with the first appearance of iron but with the first functional applications of iron. Although the initial trajectory leading to these applications was similar in both regions, the West entered its Iron Age with bloomery iron, while China replaced bloomery iron with cast iron. Our zoomed-out approach suggests that this divergence had very little to do with differences in technological capital betw…
Trajectories of adoption for silver and bloomery iron in China from the Spring and Autumn period (c. 770–476 BC)
We examine the number of sites with silver objects in China over a period of 3500 years to suggest that technologies that stimulated the indigenous exploitation of silver‐bearing ores were innovated during the Spring and Autumn period (c. 770–476 BCE), and that increased centralisation and bureaucratisation from the Warring States period (475–221 BCE) advanced their adoption. This culture of innovation should have extended to other prestige metal…
Speculating on the Sources of Tin for the Chinese Bronze Age
A comprehensive workflow for compositional data analysis in archaeometry, with code in R
Response to comment of Albarède and colleagues
Our purpose is to better understand the actions and behaviours of people in the past, often with a focus on ancient economies, and we are willing to use tools from any discipline that allow us to explore these issues. This is why it is so important that the limitations of techniques applied to archaeology are presented as explicitly as their utility
Mints not Mines
Although silver coins have been investigated through the lens of geological provenance to locate argentiferous ore deposits exploited in their production, we consider that this avenue of research may be a cul-de-sac, especially for studies that rely heavily on deciphering lead and silver isotope signatures that may have been altered by the addition of lead and copper (and their associated impurities) during silver refining and debasement, and by …
Other ways to examine the finances behind the birth of Classical Greece
Although the birth of Classical Greece is often attributed to the constitutional reforms of Cleisthenes (508/507 BCE), the achievement of an economically minded government under the Peisistratid tyrant Hippias (527–510 BCE) potentially paved the way by advancing Athenian silver for exportation in international trade. It is proposed here that new silver technology, which initiated the transition from acquiring silver from ‘dry’ silver ores to silv…
Crisis? What crisis? Recycling of silver for Roman Republican coinage
Dated measurements of lead pollution in deep Greenland ice have become a useful proxy to monitor historical events because interruptions in lead-silver production result in fluctuations in lead emissions. However, the application of the lead emission record has not perhaps received the attention it deserves because of the difficulty in connecting macroscale events, such as wars and plagues, to their economic repercussions. For instance, although …
A Multivariate Approach to Investigate Metallurgical Technology
Research into ancient Chinese metallurgy has flourished over recent years with the accumulation of analytical data reflecting the needs of so many archaeological finds. However, the relationship between technology and society is unlikely to be revealed simply by analysing more artefacts. This is particularly evident in the debates over the sources of metals used to manufacture the Chinese ritual bronzes of the Shang (c. 1500-1046 BCE), Western Zh…
Approaches to interrogate the erased histories of recycled archaeological objects
Any archaeological artefact made from recyclable material may have been recycled before deposition. Three approaches are presented which have identified recycling in the archaeological record: (1) the application of log ratio analyses to investigate compositional data indicates that Roman glass was recycled and reapplied as a glaze on Parthian pottery, thereby suggesting that the paucity of Parthian and Sasanian glass in the archaeological record…
Sending Laurion Back to the Future
Silver-bearing lead ores at Laurion in Attica were considered to have been first exploited with the introduction of coinage sometime around the birth of Classical Greece. However, in the late 20th century this chronology was radically revised earlier, to the Bronze Age, largely supported by lead isotope analyses (LIA). Here, we acknowledge that lead and silver metallurgy emerged from the earliest times but we propose that any correlation between …
Making the most of expert knowledge to analyse archaeological data
Chemical compositional data sets of archaeological artefacts are often analysed using standard statistical procedures. Adopting a different approach, we examine the major element oxides found in Parthian and Sasanian glazed pottery by identifying statistically important ratios of oxides in conjunction with the expert knowledge of the archaeological scientist during, rather than after, the identification process. This results in meaningful ratios,…
Recycling Roman Glass to Glaze Parthian Pottery
Alkaline glazes were first used on clay-based ceramics in Mesopotamia around 1500 B.C., at the same time as the appearance of glass vessels. The Roman Empire used lead-based glazes, with alkaline natron glass being used only to produce objects of glass. Chemical analysis has had some success determining compositional groups for Roman/Byzantine/early Islamic glasses because of the discovery of major production sites. Parthian and Sasanian glass an…
The Origin of Tel Dor Hacksilver and the Westward Expansion of the Phoenicians in the Early Iron Age
A recent reanalysis of compositional and lead isotope legacy data from the early silver hoards of the southern Levant (ca. twelfth–ninth centuries BCE) identified that not only was most of this hacksilver mixed but that it probably derived from the Pyritic belt of southern Iberia, the Taurus mountains in Anatolia, and a third unknown source. We propose that the unknown component of Tel Dor's hacksilver was silver potentially derived from ores min…
An Archaeometallurgical Explanation for the Disappearance of Egyptian and Near Eastern Cobalt-Blue Glass at the end of the Late Bronze Age
A recent compositional study of Egyptian cobalt-blue glass from museum collections in Japan (18th Dynasty) and from the site of Dahshur (18th and 19th-20th Dynasties) concluded that a new source of cobalt was exploited for the later Dahshur glass, thereby suggesting that glass production continued into the Ramesside period (Abe et al. 2012). It is shown in the current article that some of this 18th Dynasty glass and the majority of the 19th-20th …
Plata semirrefinada para los plateros de la Edad del Hierro en el Mediterráneo
Un fragmento de lingote de plata descubierto recientemente en el yacimiento fenicio de La Rebanadilla (Málaga) ha sido investigado mediante isotopos de plomo y análisis elemental.El lingote recuperado en los niveles inferiores del yacimiento, se fecha potencialmente entre fines del siglo XI y el IX a.C., situándose en cronología similar a algunos depósitos de hacksilver del área del levante mediterráneo.La edad de la corteza calculada a partir de…
From Iberia to the Southern Levant
The origins of the silver trade across the Mediterranean, and the role of the Phoenicians in this phenomenon, remain contentious. This is partly because of difficulties encountered when trying to assign archaeological silver to its geological sources. Here we present a reanalysis of Iron Age silver hoards in the southern Levant, which demonstrates not only that recycling of silver was widespread in the Early and Late Iron Age, but that the compon…
Iridium to provenance ancient silver
Gold parting, iridium and provenance of ancient silver
From Iberia to the Southern Levant
The origins of the silver trade across the Mediterranean, and the role of the Phoenicians in this phenomenon, remain contentious. This is partly because of difficulties encountered when trying to assign archaeological silver to its geological sources. Here we present a reanalysis of Iron Age silver hoards in the southern Levant, which demonstrates not only that recycling of silver was widespread in the Early and Late Iron Age, but that the compon…
Iridium to provenance ancient silver
The Origin of Tel Dor Hacksilver and the Westward Expansion of the Phoenicians in the Early Iron Age
A recent reanalysis of compositional and lead isotope legacy data from the early silver hoards of the southern Levant (ca. twelfth–ninth centuries BCE) identified that not only was most of this hacksilver mixed but that it probably derived from the Pyritic belt of southern Iberia, the Taurus mountains in Anatolia, and a third unknown source. We propose that the unknown component of Tel Dor's hacksilver was silver potentially derived from ores min…
A Multivariate Approach to Investigate Metallurgical Technology
Research into ancient Chinese metallurgy has flourished over recent years with the accumulation of analytical data reflecting the needs of so many archaeological finds. However, the relationship between technology and society is unlikely to be revealed simply by analysing more artefacts. This is particularly evident in the debates over the sources of metals used to manufacture the Chinese ritual bronzes of the Shang (c. 1500-1046 BCE), Western Zh…
Gold parting, iridium and provenance of ancient silver
Sending Laurion Back to the Future
Silver-bearing lead ores at Laurion in Attica were considered to have been first exploited with the introduction of coinage sometime around the birth of Classical Greece. However, in the late 20th century this chronology was radically revised earlier, to the Bronze Age, largely supported by lead isotope analyses (LIA). Here, we acknowledge that lead and silver metallurgy emerged from the earliest times but we propose that any correlation between …
Making the most of expert knowledge to analyse archaeological data
Chemical compositional data sets of archaeological artefacts are often analysed using standard statistical procedures. Adopting a different approach, we examine the major element oxides found in Parthian and Sasanian glazed pottery by identifying statistically important ratios of oxides in conjunction with the expert knowledge of the archaeological scientist during, rather than after, the identification process. This results in meaningful ratios,…
Plata semirrefinada para los plateros de la Edad del Hierro en el Mediterráneo
Un fragmento de lingote de plata descubierto recientemente en el yacimiento fenicio de La Rebanadilla (Málaga) ha sido investigado mediante isotopos de plomo y análisis elemental.El lingote recuperado en los niveles inferiores del yacimiento, se fecha potencialmente entre fines del siglo XI y el IX a.C., situándose en cronología similar a algunos depósitos de hacksilver del área del levante mediterráneo.La edad de la corteza calculada a partir de…
Other ways to examine the finances behind the birth of Classical Greece
Although the birth of Classical Greece is often attributed to the constitutional reforms of Cleisthenes (508/507 BCE), the achievement of an economically minded government under the Peisistratid tyrant Hippias (527–510 BCE) potentially paved the way by advancing Athenian silver for exportation in international trade. It is proposed here that new silver technology, which initiated the transition from acquiring silver from ‘dry’ silver ores to silv…
Mints not Mines
Although silver coins have been investigated through the lens of geological provenance to locate argentiferous ore deposits exploited in their production, we consider that this avenue of research may be a cul-de-sac, especially for studies that rely heavily on deciphering lead and silver isotope signatures that may have been altered by the addition of lead and copper (and their associated impurities) during silver refining and debasement, and by …
An Archaeometallurgical Explanation for the Disappearance of Egyptian and Near Eastern Cobalt-Blue Glass at the end of the Late Bronze Age
A recent compositional study of Egyptian cobalt-blue glass from museum collections in Japan (18th Dynasty) and from the site of Dahshur (18th and 19th-20th Dynasties) concluded that a new source of cobalt was exploited for the later Dahshur glass, thereby suggesting that glass production continued into the Ramesside period (Abe et al. 2012). It is shown in the current article that some of this 18th Dynasty glass and the majority of the 19th-20th …
A comprehensive workflow for compositional data analysis in archaeometry, with code in R
Approaches to interrogate the erased histories of recycled archaeological objects
Any archaeological artefact made from recyclable material may have been recycled before deposition. Three approaches are presented which have identified recycling in the archaeological record: (1) the application of log ratio analyses to investigate compositional data indicates that Roman glass was recycled and reapplied as a glaze on Parthian pottery, thereby suggesting that the paucity of Parthian and Sasanian glass in the archaeological record…
Iridium to provenance ancient silver
Gold parting, iridium and provenance of ancient silver
An Archaeometallurgical Explanation for the Disappearance of Egyptian and Near Eastern Cobalt-Blue Glass at the end of the Late Bronze Age
A recent compositional study of Egyptian cobalt-blue glass from museum collections in Japan (18th Dynasty) and from the site of Dahshur (18th and 19th-20th Dynasties) concluded that a new source of cobalt was exploited for the later Dahshur glass, thereby suggesting that glass production continued into the Ramesside period (Abe et al. 2012). It is shown in the current article that some of this 18th Dynasty glass and the majority of the 19th-20th …
Plata semirrefinada para los plateros de la Edad del Hierro en el Mediterráneo
Un fragmento de lingote de plata descubierto recientemente en el yacimiento fenicio de La Rebanadilla (Málaga) ha sido investigado mediante isotopos de plomo y análisis elemental.El lingote recuperado en los niveles inferiores del yacimiento, se fecha potencialmente entre fines del siglo XI y el IX a.C., situándose en cronología similar a algunos depósitos de hacksilver del área del levante mediterráneo.La edad de la corteza calculada a partir de…
From Iberia to the Southern Levant
The origins of the silver trade across the Mediterranean, and the role of the Phoenicians in this phenomenon, remain contentious. This is partly because of difficulties encountered when trying to assign archaeological silver to its geological sources. Here we present a reanalysis of Iron Age silver hoards in the southern Levant, which demonstrates not only that recycling of silver was widespread in the Early and Late Iron Age, but that the compon…
Recycling Roman Glass to Glaze Parthian Pottery
Alkaline glazes were first used on clay-based ceramics in Mesopotamia around 1500 B.C., at the same time as the appearance of glass vessels. The Roman Empire used lead-based glazes, with alkaline natron glass being used only to produce objects of glass. Chemical analysis has had some success determining compositional groups for Roman/Byzantine/early Islamic glasses because of the discovery of major production sites. Parthian and Sasanian glass an…
The Origin of Tel Dor Hacksilver and the Westward Expansion of the Phoenicians in the Early Iron Age
A recent reanalysis of compositional and lead isotope legacy data from the early silver hoards of the southern Levant (ca. twelfth–ninth centuries BCE) identified that not only was most of this hacksilver mixed but that it probably derived from the Pyritic belt of southern Iberia, the Taurus mountains in Anatolia, and a third unknown source. We propose that the unknown component of Tel Dor's hacksilver was silver potentially derived from ores min…
Sending Laurion Back to the Future
Silver-bearing lead ores at Laurion in Attica were considered to have been first exploited with the introduction of coinage sometime around the birth of Classical Greece. However, in the late 20th century this chronology was radically revised earlier, to the Bronze Age, largely supported by lead isotope analyses (LIA). Here, we acknowledge that lead and silver metallurgy emerged from the earliest times but we propose that any correlation between …
Making the most of expert knowledge to analyse archaeological data
Chemical compositional data sets of archaeological artefacts are often analysed using standard statistical procedures. Adopting a different approach, we examine the major element oxides found in Parthian and Sasanian glazed pottery by identifying statistically important ratios of oxides in conjunction with the expert knowledge of the archaeological scientist during, rather than after, the identification process. This results in meaningful ratios,…
A Multivariate Approach to Investigate Metallurgical Technology
Research into ancient Chinese metallurgy has flourished over recent years with the accumulation of analytical data reflecting the needs of so many archaeological finds. However, the relationship between technology and society is unlikely to be revealed simply by analysing more artefacts. This is particularly evident in the debates over the sources of metals used to manufacture the Chinese ritual bronzes of the Shang (c. 1500-1046 BCE), Western Zh…
Approaches to interrogate the erased histories of recycled archaeological objects
Any archaeological artefact made from recyclable material may have been recycled before deposition. Three approaches are presented which have identified recycling in the archaeological record: (1) the application of log ratio analyses to investigate compositional data indicates that Roman glass was recycled and reapplied as a glaze on Parthian pottery, thereby suggesting that the paucity of Parthian and Sasanian glass in the archaeological record…
Response to comment of Albarède and colleagues
Our purpose is to better understand the actions and behaviours of people in the past, often with a focus on ancient economies, and we are willing to use tools from any discipline that allow us to explore these issues. This is why it is so important that the limitations of techniques applied to archaeology are presented as explicitly as their utility
Mints not Mines
Although silver coins have been investigated through the lens of geological provenance to locate argentiferous ore deposits exploited in their production, we consider that this avenue of research may be a cul-de-sac, especially for studies that rely heavily on deciphering lead and silver isotope signatures that may have been altered by the addition of lead and copper (and their associated impurities) during silver refining and debasement, and by …
Other ways to examine the finances behind the birth of Classical Greece
Although the birth of Classical Greece is often attributed to the constitutional reforms of Cleisthenes (508/507 BCE), the achievement of an economically minded government under the Peisistratid tyrant Hippias (527–510 BCE) potentially paved the way by advancing Athenian silver for exportation in international trade. It is proposed here that new silver technology, which initiated the transition from acquiring silver from ‘dry’ silver ores to silv…
Crisis? What crisis? Recycling of silver for Roman Republican coinage
Dated measurements of lead pollution in deep Greenland ice have become a useful proxy to monitor historical events because interruptions in lead-silver production result in fluctuations in lead emissions. However, the application of the lead emission record has not perhaps received the attention it deserves because of the difficulty in connecting macroscale events, such as wars and plagues, to their economic repercussions. For instance, although …
A comprehensive workflow for compositional data analysis in archaeometry, with code in R
Questioning Diversity (of Iron) in the Workplace
The Iron Ages in the West and China did not start with the first appearance of iron but with the first functional applications of iron. Although the initial trajectory leading to these applications was similar in both regions, the West entered its Iron Age with bloomery iron, while China replaced bloomery iron with cast iron. Our zoomed-out approach suggests that this divergence had very little to do with differences in technological capital betw…
Trajectories of adoption for silver and bloomery iron in China from the Spring and Autumn period (c. 770–476 BC)
We examine the number of sites with silver objects in China over a period of 3500 years to suggest that technologies that stimulated the indigenous exploitation of silver‐bearing ores were innovated during the Spring and Autumn period (c. 770–476 BCE), and that increased centralisation and bureaucratisation from the Warring States period (475–221 BCE) advanced their adoption. This culture of innovation should have extended to other prestige metal…
Speculating on the Sources of Tin for the Chinese Bronze Age
Archaeology (15 obras) · History (13 obras) · Archaeology and ancient environmental studies (12 obras) · Geology (11 obras) · Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis (9 obras) · History (9 obras) · Ancient history (8 obras) · Metallurgy (7 obras) · Geography (6 obras) · Materials Science (6 obras)