Adrian Martins
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3588720 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Adrian Martins |
| NOMBRES | Adrian |
| APELLIDO | Martins |
| FIRMA | MARTINS A |
| AFILIACIONES | University of East Anglia |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2916-7712 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 62 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 474 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 62 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1970 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 11 |
An Aid or an Obstacle? Parent and Teacher Perspectives on the Impact of Technology on Children's Wellbeing and School Life
The dominance of technology in the daily lives of modern‐day children has raised much concern about the impacts on their wellbeing. However, there are also many advantages and opportunities transpiring. This paper asks whether technology is an aid or an obstacle to a child's wellbeing and school life. Parent and teacher perspectives were collected from a group of seven schools in Northwest England using surveys and interviews, seeking to compare …
High voltage short forms
Towards just and transformative social–ecological restoration
Unveiling pervasive assumptions
This paper reflects on the continued persistence of the idea in conservation research and practice that poverty drives biodiversity loss (the poverty-biodiversity loss association [PBLA]). We draw on evidence to show how the PBLA has proven resistant to counter-evidence and is particularly visible at local-level implementation, and is often implicit in conservation strategies. We untangle three underlying reasons that help to explain why the PBLA…
Towards a transformative approach to just rural transitions
Driven by international policy agendas to restore landscapes, large-scale land-use changes are expected in rural areas, with significant implications for landscape characteristics, land-uses, livelihoods, economies and cultures. It is increasingly recognised that the long-term success of restoration initiatives requires integrating social considerations, yet uncertainties remain over the pathways for achieving this. This paper explores the basis …
Plural values of nature help to understand contested pathways to sustainability
Despite globally agreed sustainability goals, advocacy for specific pathways of action remains highly contested. Disagreement about how best to advance sustainability can produce constructive debate but can also lead to marginalization, conflict, and inaction. This review uncovers how different “values of nature” underpin allegiance to different pathways of action for sustainability. It analyzes four selected pathways: (1) Green Economy, (2) Natu…
Effect of sampling bias on global estimates of ocean carbon export
Shipboard sampling of ocean biogeochemical properties is necessarily limited by logistical and practical constraints. As a result, the majority of observations are obtained for the spring/summer period and in regions relatively accessible from a major port. This limitation may bias the conceptual understanding we have of the spatial and seasonal variability in important components of the Earth system. Here we examine the influence of sampling bia…
Conceptualising rural environmental justice in Europe in an age of climate-influenced landscape transformations
Driven by net-zero policies, major landscape shifts expected in rural Europe. • Injustices arise from potential climate-influenced landscape transformations. • Empirical environmental justice study of three rural European landscapes. • Unequal land access central to rural environmental justice
Sustainability-aligned values
Modern environmental thought has always involved normative claims about the values needed for sustainability. This has often played out in debates between proponents of anthropocentric and ecocentric ways of valuing nature. More recently, there has been a flourishing of interest in relational and pluricentric ways of valuing nature, coinciding with a “turn to values” in the sustainability literature. In this paper we explore the meaning and use o…
Diverse values of nature for sustainability
Twenty-five years since foundational publications on valuing ecosystem services for human well-being 1,2 , addressing the global biodiversity crisis 3 still implies confronting barriers to incorporating nature’s diverse values into decision-making. These barriers include powerful interests supported by current norms and legal rules such as property rights, which determine whose values and which values of nature are acted on. A better understandin…
Contradictory distributive principles and land tenure govern benefit-sharing of payments for ecosystem services (PES) in Chiapas, Mexico
Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) are incentive-based instruments that provide conditional economic incentives for natural resources management. Research has shown that when economic incentives are parachuted into rural communities, participation and benefits are collectively negotiated and shared. However, we know little about how benefit-sharing evolves over time in community-based PES. To address this gap, we examine distributional justice…
Two or three things I know about Tom
A personal appreciation of the work and legacy of Tom O’Regan, focusing on his 1994 essay “Two or Three Things I Know About Meaning”. Although O’Regan’s work is often described as being concerned primarily with social discourses and institutional contexts in the landscape of audiovisual media, he also paid close attention to the mechanisms of film and TV texts. His view of meaning was complex and multi-factorial, reflecting both his intellectual …
Explaining success on community forestry through a lens of environmental justice
Environmental Justice and Transformations to Sustainability
Global carbon emissions continue to rise,1 rates of global biodiversity loss continue to increase,2 and social and economic inequalities continue to widen.3 Significant global social movements suc...
Conservationists' perspectives on poverty
Biodiversity conservation interventions have long confronted challenges of human poverty. The ethical foundations of international conservation, including conservation's relationship with poverty, are currently being interrogated in animated debates about the future of conservation. However, while some commentary exists, empirical analysis of conservation practitioner perspectives on poverty, and their ethical justification, has been lacking thus…
Privatization or communalization
Sowing the seeds of sustainable rural livelihoods? An assessment of Participatory Forest Management through Redd+ in Tanzania
Togetherness
Together (2018) is not the greatest film project of Terrence Malick. Invited by Facebook, via its ‘creative studio’ component The Factory, to collaborate with Jon Boogz and Lil Buck (co-founders of the dance organization Movement Art Is) and UK visual effects company Framestore on a ‘360-degree VR experience’, the director undoubtedly seized it as an opportunity to explore and experiment with technological possibilities – as he had done previousl…
Fair ways to share benefits from community forests? How commodification is associated with reduced preference for equality and poverty alleviation
This research is concerned with the trend towards commodification of forestry, in the context of community forest governance for sustainable development in the tropics. In these contexts, commodification takes different forms, including sales of certified timbers and sales of carbon credits. In addition to the general aim to enhance income, these market-based forestry interventions typically aim to align with sustainable development agendas, incl…
Can agricultural intensification help attain Sustainable Development Goals? Evidence from Africa and Asia
Market-oriented agricultural intensification is a major development strategy, yet its alignment with sustainable development goals (SDGs) is unclear. We apply indicators for SDG 2 (eradicate hunger) regarding income, food production, food security and land tenure to recent intensifications in Rwanda and Laos to reveal their disaggregated impacts. We find while market-oriented intensification may generate poverty reduction, it also exacerbated mar…
Assessing Equity in Protected Area Governance
With the inclusion of equity concerns in Aichi Target 11 of the Convention on Biological Diversity, equitable management has become an important objective for the world's protected areas. The way equity is defined and operationalized influences whether this strategic shift can help identify pathways commensurate with conservation effectiveness. We examined equity around a protected area in Laos, combining quantitative and qualitative methods to e…
Social-ecological outcomes of agricultural intensification
Why Should Ecosystem Services Be Governed to Support Poverty Alleviation? Philosophical Perspectives on Positions in the Empirical Literature
Unbearable Significance, or
I am writing from another country, far away; I no longer live in Australia. Meaghan Morris is partly responsible for this. Let me explain. At the end of 2011, I found myself reading the transcript of a long interview with Meaghan conducted by a Melbourne-based researcher, Lauren Bliss. In this discussion, Meaghan comments on the move, in the course of her professional life, to Hong Kong: What I really wanted to do was what lots of students from A…
Just Conservation
Loss of biodiversity is one of the great environmental challenges facing humanity but unfortunately efforts to reduce the rate of loss have so far failed. At the same time, these efforts have too often resulted in unjust social outcomes in which people living in or near to areas designated for conservation lose access to their territories and resources. In this book the author argues that our approach to biodiversity conservation needs to be more…
Fieldwork is Good
This paper reports on research that investigates the effectiveness of residential field courses in geography, earth science and environmental science courses at UK institutions of higher education. The research focuses on the effects of fieldwork in the affective domain, which is thought to be linked to the adoption of effective approaches to learning. Approximately 300 students were surveyed immediately before and after a field class, enabling a…
Global environmental justice and biodiversity conservation
This paper explores the potential for an environmental justice framing to shed new light on conservation controversies. We argue that, in order to make such progress, environmental justice analysis will need to provide a 'difference-friendly' conception of justice and that this will necessarily involve moving beyond dominant liberal conceptions of distributional fairness. We are largely welcoming of global deployments of distributive justice prin…
Green Revolution in Sub-Saharan Africa
Green Revolution policies are again being pursued to drive agricultural growth and reduce poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa. However conditions have changed since the well-documented successes of the 1960s and 1970s benefitted smallholders in southern Asia and beyond. We argue that under contemporary constraints the mechanisms for achieving improvements in the lives of smallholder farmers through such policies are unclear and that both policy rationa…
Whose environmental justice? Exploring local and global perspectives in a payments for ecosystem services scheme in Rwanda
Social-ecological outcomes of agricultural intensification
Assessing the contribution of ecosystem services to human wellbeing
Environmental Conflict Between Refugee and Host Communities
Much of the existing environmental security literature examines the causal linkages between environmental scarcity and violent conflict. Such research is clearly useful for exploring the causes of violence but less useful for exploring the causes of peace. This article adopts a theoretical approach to the environment-conflict nexus that considers a range of local variables that shape the ways in which actors socially construct resource use compet…
Measuring effectiveness, efficiency and equity in an experimental Payments for Ecosystem Services trial
There is currently a considerable effort to evaluate the performance of Payments for Ecosystem Services as an environmental management tool. The research presented here contributes to this work by using an experimental design to evaluate Payments for Ecosystem Services as a tool for supporting biodiversity conservation in the context of an African protected area. The trial employed a 'before and after' and 'with and without' design. We present th…
Global environmental in/justice, in practice
This paper introduces a themed section on global environmental in/justice. In doing so it pays particular attention to two matters. First, it explores the value of a 'global' perspective on justice, highlighting how this framing reflects the nature and scales of contemporary environmental problems, the political-economic forces that pattern the uneven access to resources, and the vocabularies and narratives that are used to make claims about thes…
Payments for ecosystem services in the tropics
Explaining success on community forestry through a lens of environmental justice
Why Should Ecosystem Services Be Governed to Support Poverty Alleviation? Philosophical Perspectives on Positions in the Empirical Literature
When Participatory Forest Management makes money
Participatory Forest Management (PFM) and the more recent framework for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+) are two resource management strategies that were introduced in part for their cobenefits, including forest protection, employment opportunities, and added income for forest adjacent communities. In this paper we examine the early implementation of PFM in Tanzania's Kilwa District, led and promoted by the non…
Challenges for Participatory Institutions
This article finds that the recent enthusiasm for participatory resource management institutions must be tempered by an ongoing critique of the problems that frequently hinder successful practice. Two key obstacles to effective participation are considered. First, new institutional arrangements often reproduce the social relationships that marginalize certain groups of people in the first place. To this end, the role of gender is examined in some…
Carbon offsets
Just deliberation
Environmental justice research shows the importance of social feedbacks in ecosystem service trade-offs
Dawson, N. M., K. Grogan, A. Martin, O. Mertz, M. Pasgaard, and L. V. Rasmussen. 2017. Environmental justice research shows the importance of social feedbacks in ecosystem service trade-offs. Ecology and Society 22(3):12. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09481-220312
Understanding the co-existence of conflict and cooperation
This article contributes to our understanding of transboundary environmental management regimes through the application of an analytical framework that facilitates an exploration of the co-existence of conflict and cooperation. Rather than framing conflict and cooperation as mutually exclusive states at opposite ends of a spectrum, we seek to understand the ways in which cooperation can exist at the same time as conflict. We apply this framework …
Can agricultural intensification help attain Sustainable Development Goals? Evidence from Africa and Asia
Market-oriented agricultural intensification is a major development strategy, yet its alignment with sustainable development goals (SDGs) is unclear. We apply indicators for SDG 2 (eradicate hunger) regarding income, food production, food security and land tenure to recent intensifications in Rwanda and Laos to reveal their disaggregated impacts. We find while market-oriented intensification may generate poverty reduction, it also exacerbated mar…
Linking Development Interventions to Conservation
The disappointing performance of integrated conservation and development projects has been partly blamed on the lack of linkage between the development intervention and the expected conservation outcome, resulting in projects that rarely achieve the sought-after “win–win” outcomes. While this study replicates findings about the difficulties of establishing successful linkages, it also seeks to go beyond problem identification, by evaluating respo…
Partnerships for protected area conservation in Rwanda
This paper seeks to contribute to Rwanda's ongoing restructuring of protected area management. The early part of the paper draws on experiences elsewhere in Africa, as well as key contexts in Rwanda, to assert that conservation of national parks may best be served by flexible and inclusive partnerships that seek to integrate conservation activities across different agents and scales. This assertion is then explored more critically through empiric…
On knowing what trees to plant
Conceptualising rural environmental justice in Europe in an age of climate-influenced landscape transformations
Driven by net-zero policies, major landscape shifts expected in rural Europe. • Injustices arise from potential climate-influenced landscape transformations. • Empirical environmental justice study of three rural European landscapes. • Unequal land access central to rural environmental justice
Sowing the seeds of sustainable rural livelihoods? An assessment of Participatory Forest Management through Redd+ in Tanzania
The Privatization of the Nyungwe National Park Buffer Zone and Implications for Adjacent Communities
We present a case study on the privatization of the Nyungwe National Park's buffer zone in which we critically examine the potential implications of a shift in management practice for local people. We present empirical data describing household collection of natural resources from the park, buffer zone, purchased from local markets, and private lands from areas adjacent to the park and buffer. Results show heavy reliance on wood from the buffer z…
From Ablation to Undergirding
I have always learnt new words from the writings and public speeches of Stuart Cunningham. I retain a vivid memory, from 1982, of needing to look up a dictionary after his Australian Screen Studies conference presentation on Roeg’s Bad Timing (1980), in order to find out exactly what ablation was. (And it wasn’t pretty.) Even when I more or less knew the word in question, I had never had the experience of (to embroider a phrase from Clueless, 199…
This issue of continuum is dedicated to the memory of Serge Daney (1944–1992)
Mise en scene is dead, or the expressive, the excessive, the technical and the stylish
(1992). Mise en scene is dead, or the expressive, the excessive, the technical and the stylish. Continuum: Vol. 5, Film — Matters of Style, pp. 87-140
S.o.s
Hold back the dawn
Challenges for Participatory Institutions
This article finds that the recent enthusiasm for participatory resource management institutions must be tempered by an ongoing critique of the problems that frequently hinder successful practice. Two key obstacles to effective participation are considered. First, new institutional arrangements often reproduce the social relationships that marginalize certain groups of people in the first place. To this end, the role of gender is examined in some…
On knowing what trees to plant
Environmental Conflict Between Refugee and Host Communities
Much of the existing environmental security literature examines the causal linkages between environmental scarcity and violent conflict. Such research is clearly useful for exploring the causes of violence but less useful for exploring the causes of peace. This article adopts a theoretical approach to the environment-conflict nexus that considers a range of local variables that shape the ways in which actors socially construct resource use compet…
Partnerships for protected area conservation in Rwanda
This paper seeks to contribute to Rwanda's ongoing restructuring of protected area management. The early part of the paper draws on experiences elsewhere in Africa, as well as key contexts in Rwanda, to assert that conservation of national parks may best be served by flexible and inclusive partnerships that seek to integrate conservation activities across different agents and scales. This assertion is then explored more critically through empiric…
Fieldwork is Good
This paper reports on research that investigates the effectiveness of residential field courses in geography, earth science and environmental science courses at UK institutions of higher education. The research focuses on the effects of fieldwork in the affective domain, which is thought to be linked to the adoption of effective approaches to learning. Approximately 300 students were surveyed immediately before and after a field class, enabling a…
Farm Teams and Free Agents
During the past several years, the U.S. Intelligence Community (IC) has taken well-deserved and unfair hits on both its performance and the behavior of some of its personnel. Both discrete events a
An idleness bordering on the wacky’
This study of the Australian filmmaker Paul Cox aims to tease out a number of contradictions in the institution of Australian art cinema from the 1970s to the present day. It looks at the cultural, social and historical factors which position Cox as a supposedly ‘maligned’ artist; the interpretive work of film criticism and analysis that helps construct the reception of his career; and recent changes in the arthouse sector that have ushered in fi…
Linking Development Interventions to Conservation
The disappointing performance of integrated conservation and development projects has been partly blamed on the lack of linkage between the development intervention and the expected conservation outcome, resulting in projects that rarely achieve the sought-after “win–win” outcomes. While this study replicates findings about the difficulties of establishing successful linkages, it also seeks to go beyond problem identification, by evaluating respo…
Understanding the co-existence of conflict and cooperation
This article contributes to our understanding of transboundary environmental management regimes through the application of an analytical framework that facilitates an exploration of the co-existence of conflict and cooperation. Rather than framing conflict and cooperation as mutually exclusive states at opposite ends of a spectrum, we seek to understand the ways in which cooperation can exist at the same time as conflict. We apply this framework …
A theory of agitation, or
Beginning from an observation about the narrative structure of some recent works within the film festival and art-house phenomenon of ‘contemplative cinema’, this essay proceeds to ask: is there a model of tension and release, not reducible to a crudely masculine stereotype, that can be hypothesized as essential to the functioning of the cinematic apparatus? The discussion questions certain emphases in the current theorization of ‘cinesexuality’ …
Just deliberation
Whose environmental justice? Exploring local and global perspectives in a payments for ecosystem services scheme in Rwanda
Global environmental in/justice, in practice
This paper introduces a themed section on global environmental in/justice. In doing so it pays particular attention to two matters. First, it explores the value of a 'global' perspective on justice, highlighting how this framing reflects the nature and scales of contemporary environmental problems, the political-economic forces that pattern the uneven access to resources, and the vocabularies and narratives that are used to make claims about thes…
Global environmental justice and biodiversity conservation
This paper explores the potential for an environmental justice framing to shed new light on conservation controversies. We argue that, in order to make such progress, environmental justice analysis will need to provide a 'difference-friendly' conception of justice and that this will necessarily involve moving beyond dominant liberal conceptions of distributional fairness. We are largely welcoming of global deployments of distributive justice prin…
Social Equity Matters in Payments for Ecosystem Services
Although conservation efforts have sometimes succeeded in meeting environmental goals at the expense of equity considerations, the changing context of conservation and a growing body of evidence increasingly suggest that equity considerations should be integrated into conservation planning and implementation. However, this approach is often perceived to be at odds with the prevailing focus on economic efficiency that characterizes many payment fo…
Toward an Empirical Analysis of Justice in Ecosystem Governance
The 2010 Nagoya Protocol under the Convention on Biological Diversity and recent changes in the policies of major international conservation organizations highlight current interest in revisiting the moral case for conservation. Concerns with equity and human rights challenge well‐established notions of justice centered on human responsibility toward nature, the common good or the rights of future generations. This review introduces an empirical …
Measuring effectiveness, efficiency and equity in an experimental Payments for Ecosystem Services trial
There is currently a considerable effort to evaluate the performance of Payments for Ecosystem Services as an environmental management tool. The research presented here contributes to this work by using an experimental design to evaluate Payments for Ecosystem Services as a tool for supporting biodiversity conservation in the context of an African protected area. The trial employed a 'before and after' and 'with and without' design. We present th…
Towards an Explicit Justice Framing of the Social Impacts of Conservation
This paper proposes that biodiversity conservation practice will benefit from assessment of environmental justice outcomes, especially in contexts of poverty and social marginalisation. Whilst there is an existing body of work that implicitly considers the justices and injustices arising from biodiversity conservation interventions, we suggest that a more explicit justice assessment might complement this work. We develop some general guidelines f…
Payments for ecosystem services in the tropics
Assessing the contribution of ecosystem services to human wellbeing
Economics (34 obras) · Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management (33 obras) · Geography (33 obras) · Political science (32 obras) · Business (28 obras) · Environmental resource management (26 obras) · Ecology (22 obras) · Sociology (22 obras) · Law (20 obras) · Biology (15 obras)