Morris Halle
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3592403 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Morris Halle |
| NOMBRES | Morris |
| APELLIDO | Halle |
| FIRMA | HALLE M |
| AFILIACIONES | Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 51 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 408 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 51 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1951 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2019 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Aspects of the Morphophonology of the Verb in Latin and in German and English
An interesting body of data worth discussing in elementary phonology classes begins with the examples of the finite forms of the Latin verbs in (1).1As shown by the 1st person plural examples in (1a), the present tense forms consist of a Verb Stem followed by a Theme vowel and end with the 1st person plural Agr(eement) morpheme /-mus/. In the contrasting 1st person singular forms, shown in (1b), although the Theme vowel appears in /de:l-e-o:, aud…
Rule Application in Phonology
This chapter describes a theory of phonology that employs ordered rules and illustrates how it accounts for certain complex phenomena central to the phonologies of three Slavic languages: Russian, Czech, and Serbo-Croatian. It considers three important principles of phonological rule application, assumes that such application is preceded by morphological structure building, and argues that all Slavic nouns have the tripartite form Root + Theme + …
The Morphophonology of Russian Adjectival Inflection
In this article, we present the morphosyntactic structure underlying the Russian adjectival declension and the phonological rules that apply to it to derive the surface representations. We describe the two declension classes of Russian adjectives and argue that adjectives and nouns employ the same theme suffixes (-oj- and -o-) and, importantly, that choice of theme suffix also determines choice of Case exponents. On this view, there is no special…
On the Status of Stems in Morphological Theory
To a first approximation, languages show two different types of morphological alternation, with ‘alternation ’ construed in a broad sense. One type is concatenative, involving what looks like the affixation of one piece to another; e.g. kick/kick-ed. Another type of alternation involves morphophonological
Palatalization/Velar Softening
This study proposes an account both of the consonantal changes involved in palatalization/velar softening and of the fact that this change is encountered before front vowels. The change is a straightforward case of feature assimilation provided that segments/phonemes are viewed as complexes of features organized into the "bottle brush" model illustrated in example (4) and elsewhere in the text, and that the universal set of features includes, in …
Unexpected Plural Inflections in Spanish
We examine the puzzling displacement in various Spanish dialects of a plural suffix from a verb where it is motivated semantically, syntactically, and morphologically onto a following clitic. We present previously unreported data and a new analysis of this material that succeeds where earlier efforts fail to provide a unified account of related phenomena. Our solution, which employs recent work on reduplication and metathesis, allows us to accoun…
Why Phonology is Different
From Memory to Speech and Back
The book includes a selection of articles by Morris Halle dealing with issues in the theory and practice of phonetics and phonology. The articles, written in the course of the last forty years, concern matters that remain to this day at the cutting edge of the discipline.
Stress and length in Hixkaryana
An Optimality Theory analysis of the stress and length patterns of Hixkaryana is criticized. The analysis is shown to predict incorrect results for certain words, and is shown to be incompatible with the standard Optimality Theory account of acquisition. A rule-based account of Hixkaryana is offered and is shown to be superior to the Optimality Theory account
On Feature Spreading and the Representation of Place of Articulation
Since Clements (1985) introduced feature geometry, four major innovations have been proposed: Unified Feature Theory, Vowel-Place Theory, Strict Locality, and Partial Spreading. We set out the problems that each innovation encounters and propose a new model of feature geometry and feature spreading that is not subject to these problems. Of the four innovations, the new model-Revised Articulator Theory (RAT)-keeps Partial Spreading, but rejects th…
The Stress of English Words 1968-1998
The article begins with reflections on the theory of Chomsky and Halle 1968, which constituted a new departure in phonology. The indebtedness of the theory to Chomsky 1951 is noted, and certain inadequacies in the theory are discussed as well as the ways these were overcome in subsequent work, including Idsardi 1992. The revised theory is illustrated with an improved account of English word stress that includes a new treatment of the "Rhythm Rule…
Some consequences of the representation of words in memory
On Stress and Accent in Indo-European
Roman Jakobson in memoriam, on the occasion of his hundredth birthday, October 12, 1996. The IE accentual system is described in light of recent advances in the understanding of prosodic phenomena. It is proposed that the IE accentual system was much like that of modern Russian or Lithuanian in that the accent was a distinctive property of morphemes, and words without accent received initial stress. A set of simple rules is developed to account f…
The Magic of a Common Language
Roman Jakobson on Language
An Essay on Stress
An Essay on Stress presents a universal theory for the characterization of the stress patterns of words and phrases encountered in the languages of the world. The heart of the theory is constituted by the formal mechanism for characterizing action at a distance, which is a special case of the formalism needed for the construction of constituent structure.Morris Halle is Institute Professor at MIT. Jean-Roger Vergnaud is Professor of Linguistics a…
Respecting metrical structure
The Bloomfield-Jakobson Correspondence, 1944-1946
Remarques sur la révolution scientifique en phonologie, 1926-1930
Halle Morris. Remarques sur la révolution scientifique en phonologie, 1926-1930. In: Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales. Vol. 74, septembre 1988. Recherches sur la recherche. pp. 89-96
Some Major Features of the International Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet is nearly 100 years old, and there is no doubt that it would be appropriate to revise it so as to bring it more in line with contemporary linguistic thought.1 But unfortunately this is not a simple task, as there are two conflicting requirements that need to be considered. On the one hand it seems advisable to retain the practical nature of the IPA symbols. Much of the utility of these symbols rests on the fact…
An essay on stress
Russian and Slavic Grammar
Semiosis
On distinctive features and their articulatory implementation
Chaucer and the Study of Prosody
Phonology in Generative Grammar
Preliminaries to Speech Analysis
An essay on stress
Some controversial questions in phonological theory
In the first issue of this journal, Fred W. Householder discussed two papers of ours which he found defective in various respects. We feel that the issues involved are important and deserve the fullest clarification. We will therefore discuss Householder's objections and the underlying issues in some detail, reiterating points that have been made in the aforementioned papers and elsewhere and making no attempt to avoid redundancy if this can cont…
English Stress
On Feature Spreading and the Representation of Place of Articulation
Since Clements (1985) introduced feature geometry, four major innovations have been proposed: Unified Feature Theory, Vowel-Place Theory, Strict Locality, and Partial Spreading. We set out the problems that each innovation encounters and propose a new model of feature geometry and feature spreading that is not subject to these problems. Of the four innovations, the new model-Revised Articulator Theory (RAT)-keeps Partial Spreading, but rejects th…
Unexpected Plural Inflections in Spanish
We examine the puzzling displacement in various Spanish dialects of a plural suffix from a verb where it is motivated semantically, syntactically, and morphologically onto a following clitic. We present previously unreported data and a new analysis of this material that succeeds where earlier efforts fail to provide a unified account of related phenomena. Our solution, which employs recent work on reduplication and metathesis, allows us to accoun…
Preliminaries to Speech Analysis
This report proposes some questions to be discussed by specialists working on various aspects of speech communication.These questions concern the ultimate discrete components of language, their specific structure, their inven- tory in the languages of the world, their identification on the acoustical and perceptual levels and their articulatory prerequisites.We regard the present list of distinctive features, and particularly their defi- nitions …
The Morphophonology of Russian Adjectival Inflection
In this article, we present the morphosyntactic structure underlying the Russian adjectival declension and the phonological rules that apply to it to derive the surface representations. We describe the two declension classes of Russian adjectives and argue that adjectives and nouns employ the same theme suffixes (-oj- and -o-) and, importantly, that choice of theme suffix also determines choice of Case exponents. On this view, there is no special…
On Stress and Accent in Indo-European
Roman Jakobson in memoriam, on the occasion of his hundredth birthday, October 12, 1996. The IE accentual system is described in light of recent advances in the understanding of prosodic phenomena. It is proposed that the IE accentual system was much like that of modern Russian or Lithuanian in that the accent was a distinctive property of morphemes, and words without accent received initial stress. A set of simple rules is developed to account f…
Toward the Logical Description of Languages in Their Phonemic Aspect
Distinctive features occur in lumps or bundles, each one of which we call a phoneme. The speaker has been trained to make sound-producing movements in such a way that the phoneme-features will be present in the sound-waves, and he has been trained to respond only to these features and to ignore the rest of the gross acoustic mass that reaches his ears. Leonard Bloomfield (1933) The number of different phonemes in a language is a small submultiple…
Aspects of the Morphophonology of the Verb in Latin and in German and English
An interesting body of data worth discussing in elementary phonology classes begins with the examples of the finite forms of the Latin verbs in (1).1As shown by the 1st person plural examples in (1a), the present tense forms consist of a Verb Stem followed by a Theme vowel and end with the 1st person plural Agr(eement) morpheme /-mus/. In the contrasting 1st person singular forms, shown in (1b), although the Theme vowel appears in /de:l-e-o:, aud…
The Bloomfield-Jakobson Correspondence, 1944-1946
The Sound Pattern of Russian
The Accentuation of Russian Words
This paper reviews the accentual patterns found in the various inflectional paradigms of Russian and develops a number of rules to characterize these patterns. It then surveys the most common accentual patterns found in different types of word formation, and discusses the manner in which the rules developed in the first part of the paper account for these patterns. A number of theoretical issues in phonology (cyclic rule application, the role of …
The Strategy of Phonemics
Palatalization/Velar Softening
This study proposes an account both of the consonantal changes involved in palatalization/velar softening and of the fact that this change is encountered before front vowels. The change is a straightforward case of feature assimilation provided that segments/phonemes are viewed as complexes of features organized into the "bottle brush" model illustrated in example (4) and elsewhere in the text, and that the universal set of features includes, in …
On distinctive features and their articulatory implementation
Confessio Grammatici
This article represents the Presidential Address delivered at the Golden Anniversary Meeting of the LSA in New York, 29 December 1974, and attempts to provide a personal answer to the question as to how one goes about doing linguistics. Although the author recommends certain moves—e.g., diligent search for illuminating leading ideas, attention to formal aspects of the description, care and sophistication in dealing with data—he is at pains to poi…
The Stress of English Words 1968-1998
The article begins with reflections on the theory of Chomsky and Halle 1968, which constituted a new departure in phonology. The indebtedness of the theory to Chomsky 1951 is noted, and certain inadequacies in the theory are discussed as well as the ways these were overcome in subsequent work, including Idsardi 1992. The revised theory is illustrated with an improved account of English word stress that includes a new treatment of the "Rhythm Rule…
Some consequences of the representation of words in memory
Some Major Features of the International Phonetic Alphabet
The International Phonetic Alphabet is nearly 100 years old, and there is no doubt that it would be appropriate to revise it so as to bring it more in line with contemporary linguistic thought.1 But unfortunately this is not a simple task, as there are two conflicting requirements that need to be considered. On the one hand it seems advisable to retain the practical nature of the IPA symbols. Much of the utility of these symbols rests on the fact…
On Russian Accentuation
In a paper that was published in 19731 I presented an extended treatment of the accentual patterns found in different classes of words. I have since had occasion to rethink some of the proposals made in that paper especially in the light of very helpful criticisms from my colleague Paul Kiparsky. This criticism has led us to undertake the preparation of a joint study outlining our views in detail. The present communication is based in large measu…
Les changements phonétiques conçus comme changements de règles
Halle Morris, Keyser Samuel Jay. Les changements phonétiques conçus comme changements de règles. In: Langages, 2e année, n°8, 1967. La phonologie générative, sous la direction de Sanford A. Schane. pp. 94-111
Respecting metrical structure
The Old Church Slavonic Conjugation (With an Appendix on the Old Russian Conjugation)
1951). The Old Church Slavonic Conjugation (With an Appendix on the Old Russian Conjugation) WORD: Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 155-167
The German Conjugation
Preliminaries to Speech Analysis
This report proposes some questions to be discussed by specialists working on various aspects of speech communication.These questions concern the ultimate discrete components of language, their specific structure, their inven- tory in the languages of the world, their identification on the acoustical and perceptual levels and their articulatory prerequisites.We regard the present list of distinctive features, and particularly their defi- nitions …
Toward the Logical Description of Languages in Their Phonemic Aspect
Distinctive features occur in lumps or bundles, each one of which we call a phoneme. The speaker has been trained to make sound-producing movements in such a way that the phoneme-features will be present in the sound-waves, and he has been trained to respond only to these features and to ignore the rest of the gross acoustic mass that reaches his ears. Leonard Bloomfield (1933) The number of different phonemes in a language is a small submultiple…
The Strategy of Phonemics
Fundamentals of Language
Materialy po masinnomu perevodu
The Sound Pattern of Russian
Preliminaries to Speech Analysis
Phonology in Generative Grammar
The Sound Pattern of Russian
Some controversial questions in phonological theory
In the first issue of this journal, Fred W. Householder discussed two papers of ours which he found defective in various respects. We feel that the issues involved are important and deserve the fullest clarification. We will therefore discuss Householder's objections and the underlying issues in some detail, reiterating points that have been made in the aforementioned papers and elsewhere and making no attempt to avoid redundancy if this can cont…
Chaucer and the Study of Prosody
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Place de la phonologie dans la grammaire générative
Halle Morris. Place de la phonologie dans la grammaire générative. In: Langages, 2e année, n°8, 1967. La phonologie générative, sous la direction de Sanford A. Schane. pp. 13-36
John Hart's Works on English Orthography and Pronunciation, 1551, 1569, 1570
John Hart's Works on English orthography and pronunciation, 1551, 1569, 1570 : P. 2, Phonology
Les changements phonétiques conçus comme changements de règles
Halle Morris, Keyser Samuel Jay. Les changements phonétiques conçus comme changements de règles. In: Langages, 2e année, n°8, 1967. La phonologie générative, sous la direction de Sanford A. Schane. pp. 94-111
Žirmunskij's Theory of Verse
How not to measure length of lexical representations and other matters
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More Linguistics of the Sixties
Preliminaries to Linguistic Phonetics
The Accentuation of Russian Words
This paper reviews the accentual patterns found in the various inflectional paradigms of Russian and develops a number of rules to characterize these patterns. It then surveys the most common accentual patterns found in different types of word formation, and discusses the manner in which the rules developed in the first part of the paper account for these patterns. A number of theoretical issues in phonology (cyclic rule application, the role of …
On Russian Accentuation
In a paper that was published in 19731 I presented an extended treatment of the accentual patterns found in different classes of words. I have since had occasion to rethink some of the proposals made in that paper especially in the light of very helpful criticisms from my colleague Paul Kiparsky. This criticism has led us to undertake the preparation of a joint study outlining our views in detail. The present communication is based in large measu…
Confessio Grammatici
This article represents the Presidential Address delivered at the Golden Anniversary Meeting of the LSA in New York, 29 December 1974, and attempts to provide a personal answer to the question as to how one goes about doing linguistics. Although the author recommends certain moves—e.g., diligent search for illuminating leading ideas, attention to formal aspects of the description, care and sophistication in dealing with data—he is at pains to poi…
English Stress
Histoire de l'accentuation Slave
Philosophy (38 obras) · Linguistics (37 obras) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (19 obras) · Computer Science (17 obras) · History (16 obras) · Psychology (14 obras) · Linguistics and language evolution (12 obras) · Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation (10 obras) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (9 obras) · Philosophy (8 obras)