Paul Gregg
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3605333 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Paul Gregg |
| NOMBRES | Paul |
| APELLIDO | Gregg |
| FIRMA | GREGG P |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Bristol |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 34 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 360 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 32 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 3 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1993 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Entering work and the British tax and benefit system
The report shows what differentiates the individuals in the survey who entered work over a twelve month period from those who remained out of work over the course of a year. It examines how the distribution of hourly wages earned by new entrants into jobs differs from the distribution of wages for those already in work. This 'entry wage' information is just used to estimate gains to working for people who are currently unemployed or inactive, and…
Parental homeownership and education
The rapid widening of wealth inequalities has led to sharp differences in living standards in Great Britain. Understanding whether and separately the rate at which individuals accumulate particular types of wealth by family background is important for improving wealth and social mobility. We show offspring wealth inequality is driven by housing wealth, and holding such wealth is becoming increasingly associated with early life circumstances relat…
The Rise in Single-Mother Families and Children’s Cognitive Development
This article assessed changes in the association between single motherhood and children’s verbal cognitive ability at age-11 using data from three cohorts of British children, born in 1958 (n = 10,675), 1970 (n = 8,933) and 2000 (n = 9,989), and mediation analysis. Consistent with previous studies, direct effects were small and insignificant. For those born in 1958 and 1970 indirect effects, operating through reduced economic and parental resourc…
Children in jobless households across Europe
The proportion of children living in a jobless household is a key indicator of social exclusion across Europe. Yet there is little evidence on the extent to which this measure of childhood deprivation is associated with later life outcomes. We use two harmonised cross-national data sources to consider the association between children experiencing jobless households and three medium- and longterm outcomes for the first time: education, adult joble…
Intergenerational income mobility
Studies of intergenerational mobility have typically focused on estimating the average persistence across generations. Here, we use the relatively new unconditional quantile regression technique to consider how intergenerational persistence varies across the distribution of sons’ earnings. We find a J-shaped relationship between parental income and sons’ earnings, with parental income a strong predictor of labour market success for those at the b…
The Prospects for the UK Labour Market in the Post‐Brexit Era
OVER THE last fifty years, the main challenges facing the UK labour market have shifted. In the 1970s and early 1980s, high wage and price inflation and a wage-price spiral were central concerns, before inflation and wage growth slowed dramatically from the mid-1990s. Mass unemployment became the central concern of the late 1980s and early 1990s, yet this too has given way as the UK now has the highest employment rate in its history. For nearly t…
The Role of Education for Intergenerational Income Mobility
revious studies have found that intergenerational income persistence is relatively high in the United States and Britain, especially as compared to Nordic countries. We compare the association between family income and sons' earnings in the United States (National Longitudinal Study of Youth 1979), Britain (British Cohort Study 1970), and Sweden (Population Register Data, 1965 cohort), and find that both income elasticities and rank-order correla…
Early, Late or Never? When Does Parental Education Impact Child Outcomes
We estimate the causal effect of parents' education on their children's education and examine the timing of the impact. We identify the causal effect by exploiting the exogenous shift in (parents') education levels induced by the 1972 minimum school leaving age reform in England. Increasing parental education has a positive causal effect on children's outcomes that is evident in preschool assessments at age 4 and continues to be visible up to and…
Real Wages and Unemployment in the Big Squeeze
UK real wage growth has slowed down, stagnated and recently turned sharply negative. We document the nature of real wage changes across the wage distribution over the last three decades, showing that recent patterns represent a distinct break of trend that pre‐dates the onset of recession. We explore whether unemployment has become a stronger moderating influence on real wage growth and report, using aggregate economy‐wide and regional panel data…
Hyphae-Specific Genes HGC1, ALS3, HWP1, and ECE1 and Relevant Signaling Pathways in Candida albicans
Fungal virulence mechanisms include adhesion to epithelia, morphogenesis, production of secretory hydrolytic enzymes, and phenotype switching, all of which contribute to the process of pathogenesis. A striking feature of the biology of Candida albicans is its ability to grow in yeast, pseudohyphal, and hyphal forms. The hyphal form plays an important role in causing disease, by invading epithelial cells and causing tissue damage. In this review, …
The Labour Market in Winter
The labour market in winter
This text provides an overview of the key issues concerning the performance of the labour market and policy in the UK, with focus on the 2008 financial crisis, the ensuing recession, and its aftermath. It contains assessments of the effects of many policies introduced over the last 10 years in employment, education and welfare.
Debate
New Labour and Inequality
Welfare Reform and Lone Parents in the UK
A series of reforms to help low income families with children were introduced in the UK in 1999, including in-work tax credits and welfare-to-work programmes. Lone parents were a key target for these reforms - they comprised 22% of all families by 1998 but 55% of families with children in poverty. Previous studies have shown that the reforms raised employment among lone parents. This article extends the analysis of the effect of the reforms to co…
Feature
In the past two decades, a number of industrialised countries – including the US, the UK, Canada and New Zealand – have witnessed an increasing reliance on in‐work support through tax credits and work‐conditioned transfers as a means of providing cash assistance to low‐income families with children. These Governments have used tax credits in an attempt to alleviate poverty without creating adverse incentives for participation in the labour market…
Reconciling workless measures at the individual and household level. Theory and evidence from the United States, Britain, Germany, Spain and Australia
The Employment of Married Mothers in Great Britain, 1974–2000
This paper analyses the increase in mothers' employment in Britain over 1974–2000 using the General Household Survey. We isolated those birth cohorts whose mothers experienced significant increases in employment and compared those increases to changes in policies. The results suggest that maternity rights have had a profound effect on employment, but this effect varies by the wage opportunities of mothers. Maternity rights have induced a behaviou…
Accounting for Intergenerational Income Persistence
We analyse in detail the factors that lead to intergenerational persistence among sons, where this is measured as the association between childhood family income and later adult earnings. We seek to account for the level of income persistence in the 1970 BCS cohort and also to explore the decline in mobility in the UK between the 1958 NCDS cohort and the 1970 cohort. The mediating factors considered are cognitive skills, non-cognitive traits, edu…
The wage scar from male youth unemployment
The Effects of a Mother’s Return to Work Decision on Child Development in the UK
The last 20 years has seen a huge increase in employment among mothers in the first year after giving birth in the UK. We examine whether early maternal employment has an adverse effect on child outcomes. We analyse rich data from a cohort of children born in the UK in the early 1990s and examine the impact of early maternal employment on three outcome variables measuring child cognitive development between four and seven years of age. We also ex…
Changes in intergenerational mobility in Britain
T he extent to which children's economic or social success is shaped by the economic or social position of their parents is a contentious and hotly debated issue, both within academic circles and in a wider policy context. There is a large body of academic work, carried out predominantly by sociologists, on social mobility – where social class of individuals is related to parental social class – and a smaller body of work which considers mobility…
Workless Households and the Recovery
By 1996 the distribution of work across households was more unequal than at any time in the previous 25 years; such that one in five households of working age had no employed adult present. Economic recovery after 1996 has reduced the share of households where no one is in work. Single parent households have been the main beneficiaries. However, the long-term increase in unequal allocation of work across households appears only to have halted ove…
Labour Market Prospects of Less Skilled Workers Over the Recovery
Unemployment among the less skilled has fallen sharply since 1993 but much of this has been because of rising inactivity rather than improved employment. Rising inactivity during a strong employment recovery is unusual and should be a major cause for concern. Less than half of all women without formal qualifications are in work and there has been no improvement relative to other women over the course of the recovery. Among less skilled men, only …
The Labour Market Under New Labour
Accounting for Intergenerational Income Persistence
We analyse in detail the factors that lead to intergenerational persistence among sons, where this is measured as the association between childhood family income and later adult earnings. We seek to account for the level of income persistence in the 1970 BCS cohort and also to explore the decline in mobility in the UK between the 1958 NCDS cohort and the 1970 cohort. The mediating factors considered are cognitive skills, non-cognitive traits, edu…
Unemployment Scarring
Unemployment Scarring Get access Wiji Arulampalam, Wiji Arulampalam University of Warwick Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Paul Gregg, Paul Gregg University of Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mary Gregory Mary Gregory St Hilda's College Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 111, Issue 475,…
The Impact of Youth Unemployment on Adult Unemployment in the NCDS
Using the National Child Development Survey, this paper looks at cumulated experience of unemployment, highlighting how unemployment experience is concentrated on a minority of the workforce over extended periods. Low educational attainment, ability not captured by education, financial deprivation and behavioural problems in childhood raise a person's susceptibility to unemployment, there is strong evidence of structural dependence induced by ear…
Early, Late or Never? When Does Parental Education Impact Child Outcomes
We estimate the causal effect of parents' education on their children's education and examine the timing of the impact. We identify the causal effect by exploiting the exogenous shift in (parents') education levels induced by the 1972 minimum school leaving age reform in England. Increasing parental education has a positive causal effect on children's outcomes that is evident in preschool assessments at age 4 and continues to be visible up to and…
Welfare Reform and Lone Parents in the UK
A series of reforms to help low income families with children were introduced in the UK in 1999, including in-work tax credits and welfare-to-work programmes. Lone parents were a key target for these reforms - they comprised 22% of all families by 1998 but 55% of families with children in poverty. Previous studies have shown that the reforms raised employment among lone parents. This article extends the analysis of the effect of the reforms to co…
The Effects of a Mother’s Return to Work Decision on Child Development in the UK
The last 20 years has seen a huge increase in employment among mothers in the first year after giving birth in the UK. We examine whether early maternal employment has an adverse effect on child outcomes. We analyse rich data from a cohort of children born in the UK in the early 1990s and examine the impact of early maternal employment on three outcome variables measuring child cognitive development between four and seven years of age. We also ex…
Reconciling workless measures at the individual and household level. Theory and evidence from the United States, Britain, Germany, Spain and Australia
Real Wages and Unemployment in the Big Squeeze
UK real wage growth has slowed down, stagnated and recently turned sharply negative. We document the nature of real wage changes across the wage distribution over the last three decades, showing that recent patterns represent a distinct break of trend that pre‐dates the onset of recession. We explore whether unemployment has become a stronger moderating influence on real wage growth and report, using aggregate economy‐wide and regional panel data…
Debate
Taking Care of Business
Journal Article Taking Care of Business: Executive Compensation in the United Kingdom Get access Martin Conyon, Martin Conyon Warwick Business School and Institute of Economics and Statistics Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Paul Gregg, Paul Gregg University of Warwick and Centre for Economic Performance, LSE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stephen Machin Stephen Mac…
The Employment of Married Mothers in Great Britain, 1974–2000
This paper analyses the increase in mothers' employment in Britain over 1974–2000 using the General Household Survey. We isolated those birth cohorts whose mothers experienced significant increases in employment and compared those increases to changes in policies. The results suggest that maternity rights have had a profound effect on employment, but this effect varies by the wage opportunities of mothers. Maternity rights have induced a behaviou…
Feature
In the past two decades, a number of industrialised countries – including the US, the UK, Canada and New Zealand – have witnessed an increasing reliance on in‐work support through tax credits and work‐conditioned transfers as a means of providing cash assistance to low‐income families with children. These Governments have used tax credits in an attempt to alleviate poverty without creating adverse incentives for participation in the labour market…
Children in jobless households across Europe
The proportion of children living in a jobless household is a key indicator of social exclusion across Europe. Yet there is little evidence on the extent to which this measure of childhood deprivation is associated with later life outcomes. We use two harmonised cross-national data sources to consider the association between children experiencing jobless households and three medium- and longterm outcomes for the first time: education, adult joble…
Signals and Cycles? Productivity Growth and Changes in Union Status in British Companies, 1984-9
Journal Article Signals and Cycles? Productivity Growth and Changes in Union Status in British Companies, 1984-9 Get access Paul Gregg, Paul Gregg National Institute of Economic and Social Research Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stephen Machin, Stephen Machin University College London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David Metcalf David Metcalf London School of Econ…
Intergenerational income mobility
Studies of intergenerational mobility have typically focused on estimating the average persistence across generations. Here, we use the relatively new unconditional quantile regression technique to consider how intergenerational persistence varies across the distribution of sons’ earnings. We find a J-shaped relationship between parental income and sons’ earnings, with parental income a strong predictor of labour market success for those at the b…
Mind the Gap, Please
We examine wages in jobs taken by those out of work—entry jobs—and the characteristics of the individuals who fill them. There are large entry wage gaps relative to other jobs. More importantly, real entry wages have fallen by around 20 log points relative to all other jobs since 1979. One‐quarter of this decline is accounted for by differences in individual and job characteristics and around 40% from an unexplained fall in the position of entry …
Parental homeownership and education
The rapid widening of wealth inequalities has led to sharp differences in living standards in Great Britain. Understanding whether and separately the rate at which individuals accumulate particular types of wealth by family background is important for improving wealth and social mobility. We show offspring wealth inequality is driven by housing wealth, and holding such wealth is becoming increasingly associated with early life circumstances relat…
New Labour and Inequality
Signals and Cycles? Productivity Growth and Changes in Union Status in British Companies, 1984-9
Journal Article Signals and Cycles? Productivity Growth and Changes in Union Status in British Companies, 1984-9 Get access Paul Gregg, Paul Gregg National Institute of Economic and Social Research Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stephen Machin, Stephen Machin University College London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar David Metcalf David Metcalf London School of Econ…
Out for the Count
Paul Gregg, Out for the Count: A Social Scientist's Analysis of Unemployment Statistics in the UK, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A (Statistics in Society), Vol. 157, No. 2 (1994), pp. 253-270
Taking Care of Business
Journal Article Taking Care of Business: Executive Compensation in the United Kingdom Get access Martin Conyon, Martin Conyon Warwick Business School and Institute of Economics and Statistics Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Paul Gregg, Paul Gregg University of Warwick and Centre for Economic Performance, LSE Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Stephen Machin Stephen Mac…
Preparing Patients for Total Hip Replacement
Previous research indicates that giving appropriate information to patients before surgery yields many benefits. This randomized controlled trial evaluated a pre admission and postadmission intervention comprising a video, booklet and plastic models for patients undergoing total hip replacement. Seventy-eight patients participated in the study and were randomized into control and intervention groups. The intervention was implemented one month bef…
Mind the Gap, Please
We examine wages in jobs taken by those out of work—entry jobs—and the characteristics of the individuals who fill them. There are large entry wage gaps relative to other jobs. More importantly, real entry wages have fallen by around 20 log points relative to all other jobs since 1979. One‐quarter of this decline is accounted for by differences in individual and job characteristics and around 40% from an unexplained fall in the position of entry …
The Dynamics of Low Pay and Inequality
R. Asplund, P. Sloane and I. Theodossiou (eds.), Low Pay and Earnings Mobility in Europe, Cheltenham and Northampton, Mass.: Edward Elgar, 1998, £55, xix+334 pp.Abigail McKnight, Peter Elias and Rob Wilson, Low Pay and the National Insurance System: A Statistical Picture, Manchester: EOC, 1998, no charge, 71 pp.These two studies bear a less close relationship to each other than might at first appear from having the words ‘Low Pay’ in both titles.…
The Impact of Youth Unemployment on Adult Unemployment in the NCDS
Using the National Child Development Survey, this paper looks at cumulated experience of unemployment, highlighting how unemployment experience is concentrated on a minority of the workforce over extended periods. Low educational attainment, ability not captured by education, financial deprivation and behavioural problems in childhood raise a person's susceptibility to unemployment, there is strong evidence of structural dependence induced by ear…
Unemployment Scarring
Unemployment Scarring Get access Wiji Arulampalam, Wiji Arulampalam University of Warwick Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Paul Gregg, Paul Gregg University of Bristol Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mary Gregory Mary Gregory St Hilda's College Oxford Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 111, Issue 475,…
Workless Households and the Recovery
By 1996 the distribution of work across households was more unequal than at any time in the previous 25 years; such that one in five households of working age had no employed adult present. Economic recovery after 1996 has reduced the share of households where no one is in work. Single parent households have been the main beneficiaries. However, the long-term increase in unequal allocation of work across households appears only to have halted ove…
Labour Market Prospects of Less Skilled Workers Over the Recovery
Unemployment among the less skilled has fallen sharply since 1993 but much of this has been because of rising inactivity rather than improved employment. Rising inactivity during a strong employment recovery is unusual and should be a major cause for concern. Less than half of all women without formal qualifications are in work and there has been no improvement relative to other women over the course of the recovery. Among less skilled men, only …
Welfare Reform and the Employment of Lone Parents
Employment rates for lone parents in the UK in the early 1990s were extremely low, when compared with those in other countries or with married women in this country, at just over 40 per cent. Since 1993 the employment of lone parents has risen by 11 percentage points to reach 53 per cent in 2002. This is more than twice the increase in employment for the population as a whole. The rate of increase in employment was notably faster after 1998 when …
The Labour Market Under New Labour
Leading experts examine, for the first time, the impact of New Labour policies on the labour market over the past 5 years. Looking behind the 'good news' implied by the lowest headline unemployment ra
Changes in intergenerational mobility in Britain
T he extent to which children's economic or social success is shaped by the economic or social position of their parents is a contentious and hotly debated issue, both within academic circles and in a wider policy context. There is a large body of academic work, carried out predominantly by sociologists, on social mobility – where social class of individuals is related to parental social class – and a smaller body of work which considers mobility…
The wage scar from male youth unemployment
The Effects of a Mother’s Return to Work Decision on Child Development in the UK
The last 20 years has seen a huge increase in employment among mothers in the first year after giving birth in the UK. We examine whether early maternal employment has an adverse effect on child outcomes. We analyse rich data from a cohort of children born in the UK in the early 1990s and examine the impact of early maternal employment on three outcome variables measuring child cognitive development between four and seven years of age. We also ex…
The Employment of Married Mothers in Great Britain, 1974–2000
This paper analyses the increase in mothers' employment in Britain over 1974–2000 using the General Household Survey. We isolated those birth cohorts whose mothers experienced significant increases in employment and compared those increases to changes in policies. The results suggest that maternity rights have had a profound effect on employment, but this effect varies by the wage opportunities of mothers. Maternity rights have induced a behaviou…
Accounting for Intergenerational Income Persistence
We analyse in detail the factors that lead to intergenerational persistence among sons, where this is measured as the association between childhood family income and later adult earnings. We seek to account for the level of income persistence in the 1970 BCS cohort and also to explore the decline in mobility in the UK between the 1958 NCDS cohort and the 1970 cohort. The mediating factors considered are cognitive skills, non-cognitive traits, edu…
Reconciling workless measures at the individual and household level. Theory and evidence from the United States, Britain, Germany, Spain and Australia
Welfare Reform and Lone Parents in the UK
A series of reforms to help low income families with children were introduced in the UK in 1999, including in-work tax credits and welfare-to-work programmes. Lone parents were a key target for these reforms - they comprised 22% of all families by 1998 but 55% of families with children in poverty. Previous studies have shown that the reforms raised employment among lone parents. This article extends the analysis of the effect of the reforms to co…
Feature
In the past two decades, a number of industrialised countries – including the US, the UK, Canada and New Zealand – have witnessed an increasing reliance on in‐work support through tax credits and work‐conditioned transfers as a means of providing cash assistance to low‐income families with children. These Governments have used tax credits in an attempt to alleviate poverty without creating adverse incentives for participation in the labour market…
New Labour and Inequality
The Labour Market in Winter
The labour market in winter
This text provides an overview of the key issues concerning the performance of the labour market and policy in the UK, with focus on the 2008 financial crisis, the ensuing recession, and its aftermath. It contains assessments of the effects of many policies introduced over the last 10 years in employment, education and welfare.
Debate
Hyphae-Specific Genes HGC1, ALS3, HWP1, and ECE1 and Relevant Signaling Pathways in Candida albicans
Fungal virulence mechanisms include adhesion to epithelia, morphogenesis, production of secretory hydrolytic enzymes, and phenotype switching, all of which contribute to the process of pathogenesis. A striking feature of the biology of Candida albicans is its ability to grow in yeast, pseudohyphal, and hyphal forms. The hyphal form plays an important role in causing disease, by invading epithelial cells and causing tissue damage. In this review, …
Economics (29 obras) · Demographic economics (17 obras) · Labour economics (17 obras) · Sociology (14 obras) · Economic growth (11 obras) · Employment and Welfare Studies (11 obras) · Labor market dynamics and wage inequality (11 obras) · Political science (9 obras) · Social Policy and Reform Studies (9 obras) · Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics (8 obras)