J A Schneider
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3659 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | J A Schneider |
| NOMBRES | J A |
| APELLIDO | Schneider |
| FIRMA | SCHNEIDER J A |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Chicago |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7870-5639 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 72 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 47 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 72 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1986 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Public Support for Harm Reduction Strategies to Address the Opioid Pandemic in the United States
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Harm reduction represents an approach that aims to reduce risk, promote safety, and prevent disease or disability, and has proven to be effective in preventing overdose death. However, public perceptions are mixed. Past studies have not examined public perceptions across a range of different types of harm reduction strategies. We examine public support for five different types of common harm reduction strategies, including th…
Opioid Message Fatigue in the United States
Background The opioid crisis has generated widespread public attention and messaging. However, persistent messaging may contribute to message fatigue, i.e., feelings of exhaustion and boredom due to excessive and redundant exposure. This study investigates the prevalence of opioid message fatigue among American adults, its association with individual characteristics, and its connection with opioid use disorder (OUD) stigma and policy support for …
A taxonomy of social support interventions for People experiencing a syndemic of substance use disorder, criminal legal involvement, and downstream Health sequelae
This article proposes a new taxonomy and framework for social support interventions for PWUD and PCLI—organized by endogenous, exogenous, and hybrid support agents—and outlines future priorities for implementation, effectiveness, and supporting supporters
Collaboration and growth in a large research cooperative
Racial discrimination and mental health in the context of anti-Asian xenophobia
The COVID-19 pandemic, polarized politics, and heightened stigma and discrimination are salient drivers for negative mental health outcomes, particularly among marginalized racial and ethnic minoritized groups. Intersectionality of race, ethnicity, foreign-born status, and educational attainment may distinctively shape an individual's experience of discrimination and mental health during such unprecedented time. The present study examines the dif…
Effective Messages to Reduce Stigma among People Newly Diagnosed with HIV during Rapid ART Initiation
HIV stigma has a negative influence on antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and persistence and viral suppression. Immediate access to ART (RAPID ART) has been shown to accelerate viral suppression (VS) that is sustained up to one year after HIV diagnosis. Little is known about the role of RAPID ART in reducing individual-level stigma. We explored how stigma manifests in RAPID ART encounters and whether RAPID ART interventions influence indivi…
Adverse childhood experiences among black sexually minoritized men and Black transgender women in Chicago
The BRFFS ACE measure had adequate reliability, a well-replicated structure and some moderate evidence of concurrent validity among Black SMM and TW. The parental separation domain does not discriminate between those with high and low ACE experiences in this population. With changing population demographics and trends in marriage, further examination of this item beyond the current study is warranted to improve health equity research for all
Social Network Characteristics Associated with More Frequent HIV and STI Prevention Conversations
Not the Mobile Van! Antiretroviral Delivery Preferences Among Young Black Sexual Minority Men Along a Status-Neutral HIV Care Continuum
Introducing a Sexual Wellness Clinic to an At-Risk Population Through the Emergency Department
Rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States have continued to increase for nearly a decade as state and local health departments across the country have divested from sexual health services. The resulting closure of municipal STI clinics has led many uninsured and underinsured patients to rely on emergency departments for their sexual health needs. The authors describe the creation of the novel Sexual Wellness Clinic at U…
Factors associated with HIV testing and treatment among young Black MSM and trans women in three jail systems
Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) and transgender women (BTW) are disproportionately affected by incarceration and HIV. We assessed factors associated with HIV testing and viral suppression among 176 incarcerated BMSM and BTW in Chicago, IL; Los Angeles, CA; and Houston, TX. In multivariable logistic regression, having a sexual orientation of bisexual, heterosexual, or other vs. gay or same-gender loving was associated with higher odds of te…
Multi-Level and Intersectional Stigma Experienced by Black Transgender Women in Chicago
Racial-ethnic, gender identity, and sexual orientation disparities in Covid-19-related social and health outcomes
Despite the growing literature on racial-ethnic disparities during the pandemic, less is known about the explanatory mechanisms of these disparities and inequalities across other axes, such as gender and sexual identities. We studied the levels and sources of racial-ethnic, gender identity, and sexual minority disparities in social (i.e., unmet resource needs) and health (i.e., hospitalization) outcomes among individuals diagnosed with COVID-19, …
Ending the HIV Epidemic
The rapid implementation of molecular HIV surveillance (MHS) has resulted in significant challenges for local health departments to develop real-time cluster detection and response (CDR) interventions for priority populations impacted by HIV. This study is among the first to explore professionals' strategies to implement MHS and develop CDR interventions in real-world public health settings. Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were co…
Latent Profile Patterns of Network-Level Norms and Associations with Individual-Level Sexual Behaviors
Community-clinic linkages for promoting HIV prevention
Community-clinic linkages may help communities increase HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake. Referrals from community-based organizations may be particularly important for linking Black men who have sex with men (MSM) to PrEP. This study describes PrEP referral and HIV/STI prevention networks among organizations that serve MSM in Houston, TX (N = 40), and Chicago, IL (N = 28), and compares network positions of organizations based on percen…
“Everything…Fell Apart Once Covid-19 Hit”—Leveraging the Covid-19 Response to Strengthen Public Health Activities toward Ending the HIV Epidemic
COVID-19 caused widespread disruption of activities for Ending the HIV Epidemic (EHE). In this study we assessed public health perspectives on leveraging the COVID-19 response to advance the goals of EHE. We conducted a qualitative study with 33 public health partners in the Midwestern and Southern United States from October 2020 to February 2022. Participants were asked how the strategies developed for COVID-19 could be applied to the HIV epidem…
I Just Don’t Know What to Believe”
During the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, those involved with the criminal legal system experience disproportionate vulnerability to infection, transmission, and mortality, facing additional systemic barriers due to criminal legal involvement (CLI) (e.g., prior incarcerations or probationary status affecting employability or housing security). We use Weick's (1979) model of sensemaking as a theoretical framework to inform our examination…
A Network Approach to Determine Optimization of PrEP Uptake in Athens, Greece
PrEP Use and Adherence among Transgender Persons in Chicago, IL (SHIPP Study, 2014–2018, USA)
Individual, interpersonal, and neighborhood measures associated with opioid use stigma
Despite growing awareness of opioid use disorder (OUD), fatal overdoses and downstream health conditions (e.g., hepatitis C and HIV) continue to rise in some populations. Various interrelated structural forces, together with social and economic determinants, contribute to this ongoing crisis; among these, access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and stigma towards people with OUD remain understudied. We combined data on methadone, bup…
You're friends until everybody runs out of dope
Sociometric Risk Network Structure, HIV Prevalence, and Drug Injection-Related Norms among People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) in Athens, Greece
Background: Structural properties of sociometric networks have been associated with behaviors related to HIV transmission. Very few studies, however, have explored the correlation between sociometric network factors and drug injection-related norms. Methods: This exploratory work: (i) describes basic structural qualities of a sociometric risk network of participants in the Transmission Reduction Intervention Project (TRIP) in Athens, Greece, in t…
Social Stigma toward Persons with Opioid Use Disorder
Our data provide guidance to policymakers concerning individuals with certain characteristics to target for public education efforts to reduce stigma and draw more support for public heath interventions for OUD. Our data also suggest that the content of this education should include improving understanding of OUD as a medical condition
Covid‐19 During the Opioid Epidemic – Exacerbation of Stigma and Vulnerabilities
The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented event in modern American history. It has the potential to impact nearly every American community significantly regardless of its size. As of this writing (1 PM CST; 31 March 2020), the United States has had 174,467 confirmed cases and 3,461 deaths associated with COVID-19.1 A majority of the states are in some form of “lockdown” to increase social isolation in order to flatten the infection curve and fore…
Stigmatize the use, not the user? Attitudes on opioid use, drug injection, treatment, and overdose prevention in rural communities
Network dynamics of HIV risk and prevention in a population-based cohort of young Black men who have sex with men
Critical to the development of improved HIV elimination efforts is a greater understanding of how social networks and their dynamics are related to HIV risk and prevention. In this paper, we examine network stability of confidant and sexual networks among young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM). We use data from uConnect (2013–2016), a population-based, longitudinal cohort study. We use an innovative approach to measure both sexual and conf…
The relationship between Black and gay community involvement and HIV-related risk behaviors among Black men who have sex with men
Blackgay men must navigate identities and stigmas related to being gay and Black, and report higher HIV incidence relative to their white male counterparts although they report lower rates of drug use and risky sexual behaviors. This study examined whether closeness to the gay or Black community correlated with HIV related risk and protective behaviors. Data were drawn from uConnect, a population-based cohort study of YBMSM on Chicago's South Sid…
You're friends until everybody runs out of dope
Social-Environmental Resilience, PrEP Uptake, and Viral Suppression among Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men and Young Black Transgender Women
Implementation of a Socio-structural Demonstration Project to Improve HIV Outcomes Among Young Black Men in the Deep South
Covid-19 Contact Tracing Conundrums
COVID-19 contact tracing is an induction social network intervention in which the structure of the social network is leveraged to deploy proven COVID-19 interventions such as testing and social distancing. The Howard Brown Health organization has rapidly expanded to include COVID-19 testing, contact tracing, and linkage to resources since the first cases were identified in Chicago, Illinois. COVID-19 is penetrating the most vulnerable networks in…
Individual, interpersonal, and neighborhood measures associated with opioid use stigma
Despite growing awareness of opioid use disorder (OUD), fatal overdoses and downstream health conditions (e.g., hepatitis C and HIV) continue to rise in some populations. Various interrelated structural forces, together with social and economic determinants, contribute to this ongoing crisis; among these, access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) and stigma towards people with OUD remain understudied. We combined data on methadone, bup…
Social-spatial network structures and community ties of egocentric sex and confidant networks
Exploring how sexual and confidant networks overlap spatially and socially could facilitate a better understanding of sexually transmitted infection risk, as well as help identify areas for interventions. This study aims to examine how a sexual and peer-affiliate network is impacted or shaped by interconnected social relationships and spatial patterns. We used data collected from a sample of 618 young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) and t…
A Social Network Analysis of Cooperation and Support in an HIV Service Delivery Network for Young Latino MSM in Miami
Purpose: The study aimed to identify HIV prevention, testing, and care services prioritizing young Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) in an HIV service delivery network in Miami-Dade County, Florida, by visually describing structural features and processes of collaboration within and between health and social venues.Methods: The study used cross-sectional data from 40 social and healthcare venues providing goods and services to young Latino M…
Are Anal Sex Roles Associated with Preferences for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Administration Modalities Among Men Who Have Sex with Men
The current study sought to examine awareness of, willingness to use, and preferences for available and theoretical administration modalities for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and the association of anal sex roles with these concepts among a sample of men who have sex with men (MSM) in Paris, France. Broadcast advertisements were placed on a popular geosocial-networking smartphone application for MSM to direct users to complete a Web-based …
Social Amnesia
Relaxation training for essential hypertension at the worksite
This article reports the findings of a study designed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of an industry-based relaxation training program in the treatment of hypertensives whose blood pressures were not well controlled by antihypertensive medication. Following a three-stage screening process, 137 participants were randomly allocated to either relaxation training (RT) or to blood pressure monitoring (BPM) at two worksites. Participants contin…
Better physician-patient relationships are associated with higher reported adherence to antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection
Intensive Care Unit Utilization and Interhospital Transfers As Potential Indicators of Rural Hospital Quality
Context: Obtaining meaningful information from statistically valid and reliable measures of the quality of care for disease‐specific care provided in small rural hospitals is limited by small numbers of cases and different definitive care capacities. An alternative approach may be to aggregate and analyze patient services that reflect more generalized care processes. Purpose: To evaluate the applicability of intensive care unit (ICU) utilization …
HIV infection dynamics in rural Andhra Pradesh south India
The southern state of Andhra Pradesh (AP) has one of the highest rates of HIV-1 infection in India. Estimates of HIV infection in rural areas have begun to approximate the urban. Methods of HIV transmission in rural India are poorly understood. We examined risk factors for HIV transmission in a group of rural villages in AP through the use of a sexual-network analysis survey - the Indian Health and Family Life Survey (IHFLS). The study sample inc…
Effects of Specialty Hospitals on the Financial Performance of General Hospitals, 1997–2004
Hospital specialization has become a controversial topic, culminating in a moratorium issued in 2003 by Congress directing the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to cease payments to new physician-owned specialty hospitals for those Medicare and Medicaid patients referred by physicians with a financial interest in the facility. This paper focuses on one important economic question: does the presence of specialty hospitals in a market affe…
Converting to Critical Access Status
To improve rural access to care, the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 allowed eligible rural hospitals to convert to critical access hospitals (CAHs), which changed their Medicare payment from a prospective payment system (PPS) to a cost-based system. The objective of this paper is to examine the effects of CAH conversion on rural hospital operating revenues, operating expenses, and operating margins using an eight-year panel of 89 rural hospitals in …
Tobacco litter costs and public policy
Tobacco litter abatement costs to cities can be substantial, even when the costs of potential environmental pollution and tourism effects are excluded. One public policy option to address tobacco litter is levying of fees on cigarettes sold. The methodology described here for calculating TPL costs and abatement fees may be useful to state and local authorities who are considering adoption of this policy initiative
Differential Access to Digital Communication Technology
Wives without husbands
Using population-based and family structural data from a high HIV-prevalence district of Southern India, this paper considers four suggested social scenarios used to explain the positive correlation between HIV prevalence and previously married status among Indian women: (1) infection from and then bereavement of an infected husband; (2) abandonment after husbands learn of their wives' HIV status; (3) economic instability after becoming previousl…
A Pilot Study of Real-Time Experience Sampling Method to Evaluate Student Engagement in a Global Health Rotation
International experiences are increasingly popular among medical students, but few have been rigorously evaluated. We used ESM to characterize the experience of medical students participating in the one-month University of Chicago Geographic Medicine Scholars Program (GMSP) in Hyderabad, India. Participants wore watches programmed to randomly beep eight times daily, during the first and third weeks. When alerted, students reported their activity …
Dynamic social support networks of younger black men who have sex with men with new HIV infection
Rising rates of HIV infection among younger black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) in the USA have generated a public health emergency. Living with HIV requires deep and persistent social support often available only from close confidants. Enlisting endogenous support network members into the care of HIV-infected YBMSM may help shape sustainable supportive environments, leading to long-term improvements in mental and HIV-specific health outcomes…
Patterns of User Disclosure of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Use
OBJECTIVE: To investigate patterns of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use disclosure across medical and sociobehavioral factors and to provide a model that takes into account factors in explaining those patterns. SUBJECTS: A total of 21,849 CAM use episodes from 7347 respondents in the 2007 US National Health Interview Survey which involves the latest survey on CAM use. RESEARCH DESIGN: Respondents were a representative sample of US …
Marijuana Use as a Sex-Drug is Associated with HIV Risk Among Black MSM and Their Network
Psychological distress, drug use, sexual risks and medication adherence among young HIV-positive Black men who have sex with men
In the USA, Black males are disproportionately affected by community violence and HIV. The aim of this study was to assess whether exposures to community violence are related to psychological distress, drug use, sexual risk behaviors, and medication adherence among a sample of HIV-positive young Black men who had sex with men (YBMSM). Data are from 98 YBMSM ages 18-29 years recruited from Chicago who completed measures on demographics, exposures …
Multiple Dimensions of Stigma and Health Related Factors Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men
The relationship between life stressors and drug and sexual behaviors among a population-based sample of young Black men who have sex with men in Chicago
Younger Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) have the highest rates of HIV incidence in the U.S. and are also exposed to high life stressors (e.g., unemployment, incarceration, and exposure to communality). This study assessed whether life stressors were related to drug use and sexual risk behaviors among a representative sample of YBMSM. The South Side of Chicago and selected adjacent suburbs represents the most populous contiguous Black comm…
A longitudinal examination of factors associated with social support satisfaction among HIV-positive young Black men who have sex with men
This study examined the long-term predictors of social support satisfaction among HIV-positive young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM). Data were collected across three waves between October 2012 and November 2014 as part of the baseline assessment from Project nGage, a preliminary efficacy randomized control study examining the role of social support in improving HIV care among YBMSM. The sample included 92 YBMSM aged 18-29. Major results …
At the intersection of criminal justice involvement and sexual orientation
Use of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in Young Men Who Have Sex with Men is Associated with Race, Sexual Risk Behavior and Peer Network Size
Sex Behaviors as Social Cues Motivating Social Venue Patronage Among Young Black Men Who Have Sex with Men
Project nGage
The relationship between Black and gay community involvement and HIV-related risk behaviors among Black men who have sex with men
Blackgay men must navigate identities and stigmas related to being gay and Black, and report higher HIV incidence relative to their white male counterparts although they report lower rates of drug use and risky sexual behaviors. This study examined whether closeness to the gay or Black community correlated with HIV related risk and protective behaviors. Data were drawn from uConnect, a population-based cohort study of YBMSM on Chicago's South Sid…
Network dynamics of HIV risk and prevention in a population-based cohort of young Black men who have sex with men
Critical to the development of improved HIV elimination efforts is a greater understanding of how social networks and their dynamics are related to HIV risk and prevention. In this paper, we examine network stability of confidant and sexual networks among young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM). We use data from uConnect (2013–2016), a population-based, longitudinal cohort study. We use an innovative approach to measure both sexual and conf…
Travel Time to Clinic but not Neighborhood Crime Rate is Associated with Retention in Care Among HIV-Positive Patients
Medicine (64 obras) · Psychology (47 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (43 obras) · HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk (42 obras) · Family medicine (35 obras) · Men who have sex with men (29 obras) · Public health (28 obras) · Sociology (28 obras) · Demography (26 obras) · Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV (26 obras)