Gérard Duménil
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3673619 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Gérard Duménil |
| NOMBRES | Gérard |
| APELLIDO | Duménil |
| FIRMA | DUMENIL G |
| AFILIACIONES | Renault (France) |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 69 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 116 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 69 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1975 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2023 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
La valeur travail à l’intersection de l’économie politique et de la théorie de l’histoire de Marx
Rejetant la controverse connue comme « problème de la transformation », qui voit, de manière erronée, dans la théorie de la valeur le fondement de la théorie des prix relatifs, l’accent est placé sur le rôle central de la valeur dans l’analyse de l’exploitation dans le capitalisme, ce qui en situe la théorie à l’intersection de l’économie politique et de la théorie de l’histoire de Marx. Sur cette base, nous traçons les frontières d’applicabilité…
Capitalisme managérial. Le pourquoi et le comment dans la formation des revenus
Cet article constitue la réponse à une note critique publiée dans le n° 71 d’ Actuel Marx , dans laquelle Fabien Foureault discutait les travaux de G. Duménil et D. Lévy concernant l’actuelle transition entre le capitalisme et un nouveau mode de production, le managérialisme. Le premier argument est le fait que les hauts managers sont rétribués par la distribution de stock-options, considérés comme des revenus du capital par Foureault bien que ce…
Le managérialisme est un mode de production
Dans cet entretien consacré à leur livre Managerial Capitalism : Ownership, management and the coming new mode of production (Pluto Press, 2018), G. Duménil et D. Lévy reviennent sur les implications de leur analyse du capitalisme managérial pour l’étude du capitalisme historique, de ses structures de classes fondamentales, et de ses alliances de pouvoirs variables. La thèse du marxisme traditionnel identifiant les managers à une fraction de clas…
Managerial Capitalism
The debate around growing inequality is raging amongst economists, and Marxists are finding new ways to map-out the modern economy. Managerial Capitalism introduces a new way of understanding the changing structure of our economy through the emergence and behaviour of a new class – managers. \n\nIn the post war years as social democracy reigned, managers tended to form compromises with workers. However, under neoliberalism, allegiances have shift…
Managerial Capitalism
Marxist analysis has traditionally been built on a two-class framework: workers and capitalists. With Managerial Capitalism , Gerard Duménil and Dominique Lévy mount a powerful argument that such a framework is outdated—we are in fact amid a transition to a new mode of production, one that is fundamentally shaped by a third, intermediary class: managerialism. Drawing examples from the United States and Europe, the authors offer a historically roo…
Les canaux de l’extraction du surtravail dans le capitalisme managerial
Dans les sociétés contemporaines avancées, notamment aux États-Unis, qui montrent la voie, le principal canal d’extraction du surtravail est devenu le paiement de hauts salaires aux cadres des secteurs privé et public. Corrélativement, la hausse des inégalités de revenus au cours des dernières décennies est surtout due à la croissance des inégalités salariales. Ces tendances manifestent le développement graduel de relations propres à un nouveau m…
Classes supérieures de tous les pays unissez-vous sous une bannière impériale
Class patterns (capitalists and managers) in contemporary managerial capitalism are analyzed in relation to financial globalization. At the center of the global network of ownership relationships (defined by the holding of corporate equity), one can locate a tightly intertwined set of financial institutions, overseen by the managers of these corporations and the managers sitting on the boards of transnational nonfinancial corporations. This netwo…
Thomas Piketty's Historical Macroeconomics
There has been a great deal of interest in the data on income and wealth inequality collected by Thomas Piketty. This paper does not question that data; rather, it questions the framework of Piketty's analysis, both theoretically and empirically—namely the alleged upward tendency of the ratio of wealth to national income and the rise of wealth inequality. First, in the mechanism put forward, wealth can only grow as a result of savings, thus rulin…
Technology and Distribution in Managerial Capitalism
Neoliberal Managerial Capitalism
The paper first documents income and wealth inequalities since World War I in the United States, a pattern in three stages, with a reduction of inequality since the Great Depression from the high predepression levels, stagnation at diminished levels up to 1980, and a dramatic restoration in neoliberalism. Underlying these three phases, we show the continuous transformation of the composition of the income of the top 1 percent to the benefit of “w…
A Reply to William Lazonick’s Comment on our “Neoliberal Managerial Capitalism
This paper is a reply to William Lazonick’s criticism of our analysis of managerial capitalism and its later phase in neoliberalism, based on the data on income distribution put forward by T. Piketty, E. Saez, and G. Zucman. Two of these criticisms are the expressions of basic misunderstandings. First, we do not believe the managerial revolution occurred against the will of capitalist classes, although, in various later decades, the income and we…
Économie et politique des thèses de Thomas Piketty
The main purpose of this second article devoted to T. Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-First Century (the first was published in the previous issue of Actuel Marx) is to introduce our alternative reading of history. The tendencies manifest during the last decades of the 20th century and the early 21st century are not, it is argued, the replication of the tendencies which prevailed prior to World War I. The starting-point for our analysis is the be…
La grande bifurcation
Les économies et les sociétés des États-Unis et de l’Europe sont aujourd’hui au seuil d’une grande bifurcation. À droite, de nouvelles configurations sociales se dessinent sous nos yeux, prolongeant, en dépit de la crise, les voies néolibérales au bénéfice des plus favorisés. L’urgence est grande du basculement vers l’autre branche de l’alternative, à gauche cette fois. Tel est le constat de ce livre, nourri par une enquête sur la dynamique histo…
Économie et politique des thèses de Thomas Piketty. I. Analyse critique
This the first part of a study (in two parts) devoted to Piketty’s theses on the history of capitalism. A summary of Pikety’s analysis is first presented, concerning the dynamics of total wealth (measured as a ratio to national income) and its components, and the tendency of wealth and income inequalities within major capitalist countries. The amplitude of the fall of total wealth in the United-Kingdom and France during World War I is questioned.…
Le capital de Marx, quelle interprétation et quel usage
In their debate here Jacques Bidet, Gérard Duménil and Urs Lindner confront their interpretations of Marx's Capital, discussing the usages to be made of it today. Questions addressed here include the place of the philosophy, economics, and social sciences, in the critique of political economy. They examine the points where Marx's analysis has been reformulated or completed, to what extent it has been rendered obsolete by historical evolutions, an…
À propos de la grande bifurcation. En finir avec le néolibéralisme
Bruno Tinel questions Dumenil and Levy (DL) about their new book, La Decouverte. Besides the paths currently taken by the United-States and Europe in the wake of the 2008 crisis —the continuation of a dynamics weighted in favour of upper classes —there is an alternative path to the left that is here opened up : hence the “bifurcation”. DL go further in their Marxist-inspired diagnosis. Neoliberalism is described as a social order strategically bi…
The Crisis of Neoliberalism
This book examines “the great contraction” of 2007–2010 within the context of the neoliberal globalization that began in the early 1980s. This new phase of capitalism greatly enriched the top 5 percent of Americans, including capitalists and financial managers, but at a significant cost to the country as a whole. Declining domestic investment in manufacturing, unsustainable household debt, rising dependence on imports and financing, and the growt…
La stratégie altermondialiste
In an interview dealing with his latest book, The Alterglobalist strategy, Gustave Massiah answers a series of questions dealing with the crisis of neoliberal capitalism and with the specific agenda of alterglobalist strategies. The main topic of the interview is the relation between antineoliberal and anticapitalist struggles and the question of the possible and the desirable scenarios emerging from the crisis
Crise et horizons post-néolibéraux
The central issue in this paper is the overtaking of neoliberalism by a possible new “social order”, a new phase in the history of capitalism. In contemporary capitalism, the “upper classes”—capitalist classes, the classes of managers and officials—jointly ensure the control of the means of production. Their common hegemony in neoliberalism is supported by the alliance at the top of the social hierarchies, under the leadership of capitalist class…
Les courants anticapitalistes en Chine. Le point de vue d'une philosophe
Vus de l’Ouest, les débats et événements politiques en Chine ne sont pas toujours faciles à déchiffrer. Au mois de mars 2012, la chute de Bo Xilai, le leader de la municipalité autonome de Chongqing (de près de 30 millions d’habitants), surprit moins que la découverte que Bo était le leader des « néomaoïstes » en Chine. En cet automne de l’année 2012, se tient le 18 e Congrès du Parti Communiste à Pékin. Même en interrogeant des gens bien informé…
Dettes souveraines
Why were several years of stimulation of demand by very large fiscal deficits not sufficient to allow the economies of the old centres (the United States and Europe) to recover their autonomous capability to grow? From this lack of capability results the contradictory character of the present situation. On the one hand, the deficits are still required in order to maintain the general level of activity; on the other hand, the unbounded growth of g…
Dynamiques des modes de production et des ordres sociaux
Marx’s conceptualization of history emphasizes the succession of modes of production. However, the dynamics of productive forces and relations of production are continuous. Central to this analysis is the “socialization of production” and the rise of the managerial class. These trends require the adjustment of institutions, notably those in which the ownership of the means of production is expressed, an adjustment that is often implemented under …
Unproductive Labor as Profit-Rate-Maximizing Labor
Too often, Marxist economists approach the notion of "unproductive labor" negatively. Unproductive labor within enterprises is, however, not useless. Its purpose is the maximization of the profit rate. In Marx's analysis of capital, the entire process is divided into the valorization of capital (the extraction of surplus value) and the circulation of capital. Unproductive labor does not create new value or surplus value, but contributes to the tw…
Crises de l'économie-monde et dépassement du capitalisme
The current crisis of neoliberalism can only be understood if we resituate it within the context of the historical dynamic of the capitalist mode of production. The precedent most often cited is that of the 1929 crash. There is however another comparison which is equally apposite, the comparison with the structural crisis of the 1970s. How are we to compare the economic factors which are involved here, the conditions which led to the crisis and t…
Marxian Political Economy
The article discusses the relevance of a reference to the framework(s) of analysis of capitalism developed by Marx during the second half of the 19th century in the analysis of contemporary capitalism. The perspective is simultaneously the history of modern human societies and, more technically, the economy of capitalism. The contention is that, in both instances, a Marxian political economy provides the foundations of our understanding, but a nu…
Costs and benefits of neoliberalism. A class analysis
Neoliberalism is the ideological expression of the return to hegemony of the financial fraction of ruling classes. The meaning of this movement can only be understood from a historical perspective. Modern finance, linked to the real economy, appeared in the wake of the structural crisis of the late nineteenth century. It lost its unrivalled domination, when the Keynesian compromise was ushered in by the succession of the great depression and Worl…
The Economics of the Profit Rate
Journal Article The Economics of the Profit Rate: Competition, Crises and Historical Tendencies in Capitalism The Economics of the Profit Rate: Competition, Crises and Historical Tendencies in Capitalism. By Dumenil (Gerard) and Levy (Dominique). (Aldershot and Brookfield, VT: Edward Elgar, 1993. Pp. xii + 390. £49.95 hardback. ISBN 1 85278 760 0.) Duncan Foley Duncan Foley Barnard College, Columbia University Search for other works by this autho…
The economics of US imperialism at the turn of the 21st century
At the turn of the 21st century, US imperialism appears very strong. The paper focuses on economic mechanisms. Both direct investment abroad and portfolio investment contribute extensively to the remuneration of capital in the United States, under the form of interest, dividends and profits of transnational corporations retained abroad. The rates of return on these investments are high, in particular when compared to the returns of foreigners whe…
Unproductive Labor as Profit-Rate-Maximizing Labor
Too often, Marxist economists approach the notion of "unproductive labor" negatively. Unproductive labor within enterprises is, however, not useless. Its purpose is the maximization of the profit rate. In Marx's analysis of capital, the entire process is divided into the valorization of capital (the extraction of surplus value) and the circulation of capital. Unproductive labor does not create new value or surplus value, but contributes to the tw…
O imperialismo na era neoliberal
Jamais existiu na história do capitalismo período de harmonia ou de não-violência. Os primeiros decênios que sucederam à II Guerra Mundial - os chamados "trinta gloriosos" - são retrospectivamente pintados de paraíso perdido. Entretanto, não foram eles palco do colonialismo e das guerras de independência, da guerra supostamente fria e dos conflitos incendiários suscitados por eles na Coréia ou no Vietnã
Neoliberal Income Trends
A dramatic shift in the distribution of property and income to the very richest layers of US society has been a notorious trend of the past quarter-century, reaching dizzying peaks in the Clinton years. But these Himalayan heights of wealth and power are now surrounded by lower ridges of enrichment, with the formation of a new upper salariat stabilizing the post-Keynesian social order
Neoliberal Managerial Capitalism
The paper first documents income and wealth inequalities since World War I in the United States, a pattern in three stages, with a reduction of inequality since the Great Depression from the high predepression levels, stagnation at diminished levels up to 1980, and a dramatic restoration in neoliberalism. Underlying these three phases, we show the continuous transformation of the composition of the income of the top 1 percent to the benefit of “w…
Une théorie marxiste du néolibéralisme
A Marxian Theory of Neoliberalism One can locate in Marx's work important theoretical foundations for the analysis of neoliberalism : theories of the state (its relation to class patterns), of the transformation of the institutions in which the ownership of the means of production is expressed (the separation between ownership and management, loan capital), and banking capital (as administrator of loan capital). These theoretical frameworks are h…
Technology and Distribution in Managerial Capitalism
A Reply to William Lazonick’s Comment on our “Neoliberal Managerial Capitalism
This paper is a reply to William Lazonick’s criticism of our analysis of managerial capitalism and its later phase in neoliberalism, based on the data on income distribution put forward by T. Piketty, E. Saez, and G. Zucman. Two of these criticisms are the expressions of basic misunderstandings. First, we do not believe the managerial revolution occurred against the will of capitalist classes, although, in various later decades, the income and we…
Économie et politique des thèses de Thomas Piketty
The main purpose of this second article devoted to T. Piketty’s Capital in the Twenty-First Century (the first was published in the previous issue of Actuel Marx) is to introduce our alternative reading of history. The tendencies manifest during the last decades of the 20th century and the early 21st century are not, it is argued, the replication of the tendencies which prevailed prior to World War I. The starting-point for our analysis is the be…
L'« absolutisme bureaucratique » selon Moshe Lewin
This brief article comments on Moshe Lewin’s last book (Le siècle soviétique, Fayard, Paris, 2003). The book can be considered as the best documented study of Soviet Union. Lewin’s characterisation of the soviet system as bureaucratic absolutism is, however, disappointing, and contrasts with the identification of the new “managerial” ruling class, its grip on resourses and state power
Brenner on Distribution
This paper discusses one important component of the analysis of the decline of the profit rate in recent decades in Robert Brenner's Economics of Global Turbulence. Our single focus in this paper is Brenner's implicit theory of distribution
Thomas Piketty's Historical Macroeconomics
There has been a great deal of interest in the data on income and wealth inequality collected by Thomas Piketty. This paper does not question that data; rather, it questions the framework of Piketty's analysis, both theoretically and empirically—namely the alleged upward tendency of the ratio of wealth to national income and the rise of wealth inequality. First, in the mechanism put forward, wealth can only grow as a result of savings, thus rulin…
Économie et politique des thèses de Thomas Piketty. I. Analyse critique
This the first part of a study (in two parts) devoted to Piketty’s theses on the history of capitalism. A summary of Pikety’s analysis is first presented, concerning the dynamics of total wealth (measured as a ratio to national income) and its components, and the tendency of wealth and income inequalities within major capitalist countries. The amplitude of the fall of total wealth in the United-Kingdom and France during World War I is questioned.…
Les courants anticapitalistes en Chine. Le point de vue d'une philosophe
Vus de l’Ouest, les débats et événements politiques en Chine ne sont pas toujours faciles à déchiffrer. Au mois de mars 2012, la chute de Bo Xilai, le leader de la municipalité autonome de Chongqing (de près de 30 millions d’habitants), surprit moins que la découverte que Bo était le leader des « néomaoïstes » en Chine. En cet automne de l’année 2012, se tient le 18 e Congrès du Parti Communiste à Pékin. Même en interrogeant des gens bien informé…
Dynamiques des modes de production et des ordres sociaux
Marx’s conceptualization of history emphasizes the succession of modes of production. However, the dynamics of productive forces and relations of production are continuous. Central to this analysis is the “socialization of production” and the rise of the managerial class. These trends require the adjustment of institutions, notably those in which the ownership of the means of production is expressed, an adjustment that is often implemented under …
Um novo salariado? Debate em torno do livro de Jean Lojkine
O livro de Jean Lojkine se intitula L'adieu à la classe moyenne. Trata-se da nova classe média, em oposição às camadas de artesãos e pequenos comerciantes, à antiga pequena burguesia. Mas o personagem central do grande painel que o livro nos apresenta não é propriamente essa classe controversa, mas o salariado considerado em seu conjunto. Gérard Duménil e Michel Vakaloulis questionam aqui o autor sobre as observações econômicas e sociológicas, as…
Néolibéralisme
In the analysis of contemporary capitalism, it is important to combine neoliberalism (the strengthening of the power of the capitalist class, in a new phase) and imperialism (the exploitation of peripherical countries). The contradictions of this newsocial order are numerous: first, the resistances that it fosters, then the desquilibria evident, in particular, in the United States. But imperialism at the age of neoliberalism also manifests itself…
Crises et renouveau du capitalisme. Le 20e siècle en perspective
Brenner on Competition
This paper criticizes Brenner's emphasis on competition within Manufacturing in his analysis of the falling profit rate, and the subsequent extension of this fall to the entire economy. His assumptions concerning price competition appear arbitrary and proofs are deficient. Brenner cannot escape the reliance on the rise of wages, contrary to what he contends in his criticism of profit-squeeze theory. Several basic theoretical issues, such as adjus…
Le profit et les crises
L'expression du taux de profit dans « Le Capital »
[fre] Les économistes, marxistes ou non marxistes, ont coutume de se référer au taux de profit tel qu'il est présenté dans Le Capital de Karl Marx, selon la formule pl/c+v. Au dénominateur de cette fraction est inscrite une grandeur qui a la nature d'un « flux », alors que le taux de profit devrait rapporter l'ensemble de la plus-value accaparée au cours de la période au « stock » moyen de capital accumulé. Cet article expose dans ses trois premi…
Le profit et les crises
"L'expression du taux de profit dans " Le Capital
Marx et Keynes face à la crise
Cette édition numérique a été réalisée à partir d’un support physique, parfois ancien, conservé au sein du dépôt légal de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, conformément à la loi n° 2012-287 du 1er mars 2012 relative à l’exploitation des Livres indisponibles du XXe siècle.
Valeurs et prix de production
Valeurs et prix de production. Le cas des productions jointes
[fre] Les systèmes de prix de production fondés sur le formalisme des productions jointes posent encore aux économistes de nombreux problèmes. On sait que, dans ces hypothèses, les prix et les valeurs auxquels conduit la résolution des équations, ne sont pas nécessairement positifs. Dans certains cas, l'existence de prix de proproduction positifs s'associe à celle des valeurs négatives. Ces résultats ont donc été à l'origine de nouvelles attaque…
The so-called “transformation problem” revisited
La grande dépression, énigme d'hier ou d'aujourd'hui
Duménil Gérard, Glick Mark, Rangel José. La grande dépression, énigme d'hier ou d'aujourd'hui ?. In: Revue économique, volume 37, n°3, 1986. pp. 381-428
Équilibre de long terme, déséquilibre stationnaire et crise
Equilibre de long terme, déséquilibre stationnaire et crise Dans cet article, on montre que l'analyse que les classiques (Smith, Ricardo, Marx) donnèrent des mécanismes concurrentiels (formation des prix de production, etc.) peut servir de point de départ à l'élaboration d'une micro-économie de déséquilibre. Sur cette base, on construit un modèle dynamique (avec capital fixe) dont un point fixe est l'équilibre classique de long terme. La stabilit…
Post Depression Trends in the Economic Rate of Return for U.S. Manufacturing
La dynamique classique et la macro-économie. Réponse à la note de Dos Santos Ferreira
[fre] La dynamique classique et la macro-économie. Réponse à la note de Dos Santos Ferreira La question posée par Dos Santos Ferreira dans sa note (Dos Santos Ferreira R. [1989]) publiée dans le numéro de septembre 1989 de cette revue est parfaitement explicite : « La dynamique classique est-elle une alternative à la macro-économie traditionnelle ? ». Tout en reconnaissant la pertinence de notre modélisation de l'analyse classique de la concurren…
La dynamique classique et la macro-économie Réponse à la note de Dos Santos Ferreira
The classical legacy and beyond
The Rise of the Rate of Profit During World War II
This study analyzes the important increase in the rate of profit which occurred in the United States during World War II. The gap between the predepression trend line, from 1900 to 1929, and the postwar line, from 1946 to 1989, is estimated as a shift of 15.8 percent in absolute terms (to be compared with an average of 29.0 percent over the whole period). Using a production function analysis, the authors demonstrate that this transformation can b…
The Economics of the Profit Rate
Journal Article The Economics of the Profit Rate: Competition, Crises and Historical Tendencies in Capitalism The Economics of the Profit Rate: Competition, Crises and Historical Tendencies in Capitalism. By Dumenil (Gerard) and Levy (Dominique). (Aldershot and Brookfield, VT: Edward Elgar, 1993. Pp. xii + 390. £49.95 hardback. ISBN 1 85278 760 0.) Duncan Foley Duncan Foley Barnard College, Columbia University Search for other works by this autho…
Chine
Introduction
La Chine en mutation
Keynésianisme américain et social-démocratie suédoise. Quels compromis
Brenner on Distribution
This paper discusses one important component of the analysis of the decline of the profit rate in recent decades in Robert Brenner's Economics of Global Turbulence. Our single focus in this paper is Brenner's implicit theory of distribution
Le régime Dollar-Wall Street d'hégémonie mondiale
Periodizing Capitalism
Few, if any, would contend that nothing has changed within capitalism, or assert that historical change can be assessed on purely quantitative grounds. Rather, the major difficulty in periodizing capitalism is the existence of various competing criteria. Many will insist the central factor to consider is the metamorphosis of institutions, firms in particular (their size and the related forms of competition, the division of labour, and so on), but…
Costs and benefits of neoliberalism. A class analysis
Neoliberalism is the ideological expression of the return to hegemony of the financial fraction of ruling classes. The meaning of this movement can only be understood from a historical perspective. Modern finance, linked to the real economy, appeared in the wake of the structural crisis of the late nineteenth century. It lost its unrivalled domination, when the Keynesian compromise was ushered in by the succession of the great depression and Worl…
Brenner on Competition
This paper criticizes Brenner's emphasis on competition within Manufacturing in his analysis of the falling profit rate, and the subsequent extension of this fall to the entire economy. His assumptions concerning price competition appear arbitrary and proofs are deficient. Brenner cannot escape the reliance on the rise of wages, contrary to what he contends in his criticism of profit-squeeze theory. Several basic theoretical issues, such as adjus…
Production and Management
Yes, the labor theory of value is relevant to the analysis of contemporary capitalism. Apart from the so-called transformation problem, there are grounds for a discussion concerning the nature of various categories of labor such as productive and unproductive labor.
Political science (48 obras) · Economics (37 obras) · Political Economy and Marxism (34 obras) · Economic Theory and Policy (31 obras) · Humanities (27 obras) · Philosophy (22 obras) · Capitalism (19 obras) · Law (19 obras) · Law (17 obras) · Philosophy (17 obras)