Janine A Clark
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3697359 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Janine A Clark |
| NOMBRES | Janine A |
| APELLIDO | Clark |
| FIRMA | CLARK J A |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Guelph |
| ORCID | 0009-0007-3212-7072 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 280 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 28 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1995 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
South-South transnational movement building
Every other year, the Changes Faces, Changing Spaces (CFCS) conference gathers African LGBTIQ+ and sex worker activists. While the transnational activism literature documents the importance of cross-national connections for social movement success, the role of activist spaces like CFCS in their development remains undertheorized. We examine CFCS’ impact on the African LGBTIQ+ and sex worker movement and, based on forty interviews with CFCS 2023 p…
Radical movement-parties, political change and the epistemology of elections
A growing literature seeks to bring agency into the study of movement-parties (M-Ps). Yet studies pay little attention to radical M-Ps which confront acute dilemmas when deciding to contest parliamentary elections in systems they deem illegitimate. This article problematizes radical M-Ps' entry in elections and the meaning they attribute to the role and function of elections – their epistemology of elections. We examine three M-Ps – Beirut Madina…
Political and social mobilization in the Middle East and North Africa after the 2011 uprisings
While it is true that authoritarian rule has reasserted itself across the MENA and that democracy is no longer as appealing to the public as it was in 2011 and 2012, this should not lead to the conclusion that MENA societies have simply returned to pre-2011 situation. Thus, while the authors of this special issue acknowledge important elements of continuity with the pre-2011 period, the articles in this special issue focus on the social and polit…
Secular feminism in Tunisia
We argue that the ‘youth movements’ of the Arab uprisings are better understood through a political generations framework that shifts the analytical lens away from a transitional stage towards a collective identity forged as the result of a major event. We identify a pre-revolutionary generation of feminists, a political generation of the revolution – those who, as a result of the revolution identified themselves as feminist for the first time an…
Activism in the Middle East and North Africa in times of upheaval
We seek to better understand recent changes in social mobilization in the MENA region by analysing the formation and evolution of social networks. We propose an interactive perspective linking up contentious politics with routine governance through a dynamic articulation of repertoires of contention. At the heart of our analysis of social networks lie important questions regarding agency, strategic action and outcomes that have significance for s…
Not the only game in towns
This study sheds light on the relationship between local and national elites during political transitions. Examining local councils in post-revolutionary Tunisia (2011–2013), it examines why and when the composition of councils changed in the absence of local elections. The study yields two important lessons. First, changes in councils resulted from a power struggle between national and local elites. Councils were more likely to remain in place w…
Local Politics in Jordan and Morocco
Janine A. Clark examines why Morocco decentralized while Jordan did not and evaluates the impact of their divergent paths in order to explain how authoritarian regimes can use decentralization reforms to consolidate power. Local Politics in Jordan and Morocco challenges our understanding of authoritarian regimes’ resilience.
Interviewing
In chapter 9, Janine A. Clark provides a list of lessons—the dos and don’ts—she has learned conducting open-ended elite interviews based on purposive sampling. Based on the author’s experiences conducting research in six countries in the region, the chapter provides advice on topics such as how to prepare for interviewing, where to hold an interview, how to present yourself, and how to record your data. It also looks at the advantages and disadva…
Encountering the Mukhabarat State
Chapter 2 provides guidelines for how to conduct field research in states that employ extensive intelligence apparatuses to spy on, intimidate, and harass citizens and researchers. The chapter provides advice on how to protect yourself and your data and, based on the authors’ personal experiences with the intelligence apparatus in Jordan, also on what to expect should researchers fall out of favor with intelligence services. While most scholars c…
Political Science Research in the Middle East and North Africa
Based on personal accounts of their experiences conducting qualitative and quantitative research in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa, the contributors to this volume share the real-life obstacles they have encountered in applying research methods in practice and the possible solutions to overcome them. The volume is an important companion book to more standard methods books, which focus on the “how to” of methods but are often de…
Local Politics in Jordan and Morocco
Islam in a Changing Middle East
State Actor-Social Movement Coalitions and Policy-making Under Authoritarianism
This article examines the conditions under which state actor-social movement ( sasm ) coalitions form in policy-making in authoritarian states. Based on a comparison of three cases of policy reform undertaken by the Party of Justice and Development ( pjd ) in the municipality of Kenitra, Morocco, it argues: 1) in authoritarian states, we must analyse sasm interactions and the interactions between elected state actors and nominated state actors re…
Critical Junctures and Missed Opportunities
This article addresses three shortcomings in the path dependency literature on critical junctures: the neglect of negative cases, non-state actors and of power asymmetries. The 2005 Cedar Revolution had the makings of a critical juncture. Yet despite the rise of alternative nongovernmental organizations (ANGOs) seeking to change the sectarian political system, a public ready for change, renewed donor interest and funds, little came of this junctu…
Elite Strategies, Civil Society, and Sectarian Identities in Postwar Lebanon
This article explains the endurance of sectarian identities and modes of political mobilization in Lebanon after the civil war. This is done by examining three case studies that demonstrate a recursive relation between sectarian elites and civil society actors: on one side of this relation, sectarian elites pursue their political and socioeconomic interests at the expense of civil society organizations (CSOs); on the other side, civil society act…
Municipalities Go to Market
Using the case of international donors' municipal strengthening and poverty alleviation projects in Jordanian municipalities, this article traces how local elites adapt to and adapt neo-liberal reforms to local dynamics and agendas. It demonstrates how economic reforms at the municipal level are not driving forces in and of themselves, but are subordinated to established patterns of political contestation among local actors who seize on the oppor…
Threats, Structures, and Resources
Disappointments and New Directions
Young women activists in Yemen today often express a profound disappointment over the process of partisan competition, even as they continue to show a commitment to public service and civic engagement. This undoubtedly stems from nearly two decades of slowly receding rights, as the logic of multiparty competition has led political parties across the political spectrum to articulate an increasingly narrow set of views regarding the public roles of…
Women and NGO professionalisation
This article examines the impact of NGO professionalisation on the recruitment of NGO staff. Based on an in-depth survey of employees in 20 advocacy NGOs in Jordan, it demonstrates the gendered impact of professionalisation. The majority of NGO employees are highly educated women, often Western-educated, who work in NGOs primarily for career opportunities and because they are attracted by the NGO's goals. In contrast to existing literature, this …
Islamism and Family Law Reform in Morocco and Jordan
This article questions why Islamists approved family law reform in Morocco and not in Jordan. The answer entails three inter-related factors: the different relationships Islamists had with their respective monarchs; the strength of leftist parties and their ties to civil society; and how the respective reforms were presented by the two monarchs. This article contributes to a body of literature that argues, while not discounting ideology, that an …
The Conditions of Islamist Moderation
In 1989, Jordan suspended marshal law, lifted media restrictions, expanded freedoms of association, and reintroduced parliamentary elections. Although these steps ushered in a dramatic, albeit limited, political opening, by 1997, many of these measures had been reversed. Indeed, today throughout most of the Middle East, the incipient democratization processes of the 1990s are labeled as “stalled” at best. However, as Jillian Schwedler states, the…
Field Research Methods in the Middle East
In recent years, a growing chorus of voices in the political science discipline has become concerned with the balance among alternative methodological approaches in empirical research and publications. Accordingly, these scholars have issued a call to further develop and refine rigorous methods for qualitative studies, in contrast to studies that rely on quantitative methods and formal modeling (Bennett, Barth, and Rutherford 2003; Yanow 2003; Ge…
Islam, Charity, and Activism
Much of the literature on Islamic Social Institutions (ISIs) has argued that these institutions are recruiting grounds for the poor. Clark (Univ. of Guelph, Ca.), through case studies of ISIs in Egypt, Yemen, and Jordan takes this notion to task. She argues that the vertical networks (i.e. across classes) created through ISIs are weak, that the important social networks are the horizontal ones within the middle class, and that this is in keeping …
Social Movement Theory and Patron-Clientelism
This article uses social movement theory to understand the nature and significance of the networks in which Islamic social institutions (ISIs) are embedded, the types of participants, how people participate, and the extensiveness of that participation. In particular, it examines the horizontal and vertical ties within and associated with Islamic medical clinics in Cairo, the Women’s Committee of the Islah Charitable Society in Yemen, and the Isla…
"Honor Crimes" and the International Spotlight on Jordan
The Conditions of Islamist Moderation
In 1989, Jordan suspended marshal law, lifted media restrictions, expanded freedoms of association, and reintroduced parliamentary elections. Although these steps ushered in a dramatic, albeit limited, political opening, by 1997, many of these measures had been reversed. Indeed, today throughout most of the Middle East, the incipient democratization processes of the 1990s are labeled as “stalled” at best. However, as Jillian Schwedler states, the…
Who Opened the Window? Women's Activism in Islamist Parties
At the onset of political liberalization in Jordan and Yemen in 1989 and 1990, respectively, the largest Islamist group in each country expressed strong views opposing women's full and equal political participation. Yet just a decade later Jordan's Jabhat alCAmal al-Islami (Islamic Action Front, or IAF) and Yemen's Tajammac al-Yamani li-i Islah (Yemeni Reform Group, or Islah) not only have women in their highest decisionmaking bodies but have mor…
Social Movement Theory and Patron-Clientelism
This article uses social movement theory to understand the nature and significance of the networks in which Islamic social institutions (ISIs) are embedded, the types of participants, how people participate, and the extensiveness of that participation. In particular, it examines the horizontal and vertical ties within and associated with Islamic medical clinics in Cairo, the Women’s Committee of the Islah Charitable Society in Yemen, and the Isla…
Elite Strategies, Civil Society, and Sectarian Identities in Postwar Lebanon
This article explains the endurance of sectarian identities and modes of political mobilization in Lebanon after the civil war. This is done by examining three case studies that demonstrate a recursive relation between sectarian elites and civil society actors: on one side of this relation, sectarian elites pursue their political and socioeconomic interests at the expense of civil society organizations (CSOs); on the other side, civil society act…
Activism in the Middle East and North Africa in times of upheaval
We seek to better understand recent changes in social mobilization in the MENA region by analysing the formation and evolution of social networks. We propose an interactive perspective linking up contentious politics with routine governance through a dynamic articulation of repertoires of contention. At the heart of our analysis of social networks lie important questions regarding agency, strategic action and outcomes that have significance for s…
Field Research Methods in the Middle East
In recent years, a growing chorus of voices in the political science discipline has become concerned with the balance among alternative methodological approaches in empirical research and publications. Accordingly, these scholars have issued a call to further develop and refine rigorous methods for qualitative studies, in contrast to studies that rely on quantitative methods and formal modeling (Bennett, Barth, and Rutherford 2003; Yanow 2003; Ge…
Threats, Structures, and Resources
Islamism and Family Law Reform in Morocco and Jordan
This article questions why Islamists approved family law reform in Morocco and not in Jordan. The answer entails three inter-related factors: the different relationships Islamists had with their respective monarchs; the strength of leftist parties and their ties to civil society; and how the respective reforms were presented by the two monarchs. This article contributes to a body of literature that argues, while not discounting ideology, that an …
Radical movement-parties, political change and the epistemology of elections
A growing literature seeks to bring agency into the study of movement-parties (M-Ps). Yet studies pay little attention to radical M-Ps which confront acute dilemmas when deciding to contest parliamentary elections in systems they deem illegitimate. This article problematizes radical M-Ps' entry in elections and the meaning they attribute to the role and function of elections – their epistemology of elections. We examine three M-Ps – Beirut Madina…
Municipalities Go to Market
Using the case of international donors' municipal strengthening and poverty alleviation projects in Jordanian municipalities, this article traces how local elites adapt to and adapt neo-liberal reforms to local dynamics and agendas. It demonstrates how economic reforms at the municipal level are not driving forces in and of themselves, but are subordinated to established patterns of political contestation among local actors who seize on the oppor…
Critical Junctures and Missed Opportunities
This article addresses three shortcomings in the path dependency literature on critical junctures: the neglect of negative cases, non-state actors and of power asymmetries. The 2005 Cedar Revolution had the makings of a critical juncture. Yet despite the rise of alternative nongovernmental organizations (ANGOs) seeking to change the sectarian political system, a public ready for change, renewed donor interest and funds, little came of this junctu…
Women and NGO professionalisation
This article examines the impact of NGO professionalisation on the recruitment of NGO staff. Based on an in-depth survey of employees in 20 advocacy NGOs in Jordan, it demonstrates the gendered impact of professionalisation. The majority of NGO employees are highly educated women, often Western-educated, who work in NGOs primarily for career opportunities and because they are attracted by the NGO's goals. In contrast to existing literature, this …
Not the only game in towns
This study sheds light on the relationship between local and national elites during political transitions. Examining local councils in post-revolutionary Tunisia (2011–2013), it examines why and when the composition of councils changed in the absence of local elections. The study yields two important lessons. First, changes in councils resulted from a power struggle between national and local elites. Councils were more likely to remain in place w…
State Actor-Social Movement Coalitions and Policy-making Under Authoritarianism
This article examines the conditions under which state actor-social movement ( sasm ) coalitions form in policy-making in authoritarian states. Based on a comparison of three cases of policy reform undertaken by the Party of Justice and Development ( pjd ) in the municipality of Kenitra, Morocco, it argues: 1) in authoritarian states, we must analyse sasm interactions and the interactions between elected state actors and nominated state actors re…
Disappointments and New Directions
Young women activists in Yemen today often express a profound disappointment over the process of partisan competition, even as they continue to show a commitment to public service and civic engagement. This undoubtedly stems from nearly two decades of slowly receding rights, as the logic of multiparty competition has led political parties across the political spectrum to articulate an increasingly narrow set of views regarding the public roles of…
Secular feminism in Tunisia
We argue that the ‘youth movements’ of the Arab uprisings are better understood through a political generations framework that shifts the analytical lens away from a transitional stage towards a collective identity forged as the result of a major event. We identify a pre-revolutionary generation of feminists, a political generation of the revolution – those who, as a result of the revolution identified themselves as feminist for the first time an…
Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World
B
MIDDLE EAST STUDIES IN DENMARK. Edited by LARS ERSLEV ANDERSEN. Odense, Odense University Press, 1994. 215pp. DKK 200. APPROACHES TO THE HISTORY OF THE MIDDLE EAST: INTERVIEWS WITH LEADING MIDDLE EAST HISTORIANS. By NANCY ELIZABETH GALLAGHER. Reading, Garnet Publishing, 1994. viii, 197pp. A HISTORY OF THE MODERN MIDDLE EAST. By WILLIAM L. CLEVELAND. Boulder and Oxford, Westview Press, 1994. 503pp. Tables, maps, photographs, glossary, select bibli…
Economic Liberalization, Democratization and Civil Society in the Developing World
This 12 country comparative volume examines the impact of economic structural adjustment programs upon grassroots civil associations and the implications for political liberalization and democratizati
Islam in Contemporary Egypt
"Honor Crimes" and the International Spotlight on Jordan
Who Opened the Window? Women's Activism in Islamist Parties
At the onset of political liberalization in Jordan and Yemen in 1989 and 1990, respectively, the largest Islamist group in each country expressed strong views opposing women's full and equal political participation. Yet just a decade later Jordan's Jabhat alCAmal al-Islami (Islamic Action Front, or IAF) and Yemen's Tajammac al-Yamani li-i Islah (Yemeni Reform Group, or Islah) not only have women in their highest decisionmaking bodies but have mor…
Islam, Charity, and Activism
Much of the literature on Islamic Social Institutions (ISIs) has argued that these institutions are recruiting grounds for the poor. Clark (Univ. of Guelph, Ca.), through case studies of ISIs in Egypt, Yemen, and Jordan takes this notion to task. She argues that the vertical networks (i.e. across classes) created through ISIs are weak, that the important social networks are the horizontal ones within the middle class, and that this is in keeping …
Social Movement Theory and Patron-Clientelism
This article uses social movement theory to understand the nature and significance of the networks in which Islamic social institutions (ISIs) are embedded, the types of participants, how people participate, and the extensiveness of that participation. In particular, it examines the horizontal and vertical ties within and associated with Islamic medical clinics in Cairo, the Women’s Committee of the Islah Charitable Society in Yemen, and the Isla…
The Conditions of Islamist Moderation
In 1989, Jordan suspended marshal law, lifted media restrictions, expanded freedoms of association, and reintroduced parliamentary elections. Although these steps ushered in a dramatic, albeit limited, political opening, by 1997, many of these measures had been reversed. Indeed, today throughout most of the Middle East, the incipient democratization processes of the 1990s are labeled as “stalled” at best. However, as Jillian Schwedler states, the…
Field Research Methods in the Middle East
In recent years, a growing chorus of voices in the political science discipline has become concerned with the balance among alternative methodological approaches in empirical research and publications. Accordingly, these scholars have issued a call to further develop and refine rigorous methods for qualitative studies, in contrast to studies that rely on quantitative methods and formal modeling (Bennett, Barth, and Rutherford 2003; Yanow 2003; Ge…
Islamism and Family Law Reform in Morocco and Jordan
This article questions why Islamists approved family law reform in Morocco and not in Jordan. The answer entails three inter-related factors: the different relationships Islamists had with their respective monarchs; the strength of leftist parties and their ties to civil society; and how the respective reforms were presented by the two monarchs. This article contributes to a body of literature that argues, while not discounting ideology, that an …
Women and NGO professionalisation
This article examines the impact of NGO professionalisation on the recruitment of NGO staff. Based on an in-depth survey of employees in 20 advocacy NGOs in Jordan, it demonstrates the gendered impact of professionalisation. The majority of NGO employees are highly educated women, often Western-educated, who work in NGOs primarily for career opportunities and because they are attracted by the NGO's goals. In contrast to existing literature, this …
Threats, Structures, and Resources
Disappointments and New Directions
Young women activists in Yemen today often express a profound disappointment over the process of partisan competition, even as they continue to show a commitment to public service and civic engagement. This undoubtedly stems from nearly two decades of slowly receding rights, as the logic of multiparty competition has led political parties across the political spectrum to articulate an increasingly narrow set of views regarding the public roles of…
Municipalities Go to Market
Using the case of international donors' municipal strengthening and poverty alleviation projects in Jordanian municipalities, this article traces how local elites adapt to and adapt neo-liberal reforms to local dynamics and agendas. It demonstrates how economic reforms at the municipal level are not driving forces in and of themselves, but are subordinated to established patterns of political contestation among local actors who seize on the oppor…
Elite Strategies, Civil Society, and Sectarian Identities in Postwar Lebanon
This article explains the endurance of sectarian identities and modes of political mobilization in Lebanon after the civil war. This is done by examining three case studies that demonstrate a recursive relation between sectarian elites and civil society actors: on one side of this relation, sectarian elites pursue their political and socioeconomic interests at the expense of civil society organizations (CSOs); on the other side, civil society act…
Critical Junctures and Missed Opportunities
This article addresses three shortcomings in the path dependency literature on critical junctures: the neglect of negative cases, non-state actors and of power asymmetries. The 2005 Cedar Revolution had the makings of a critical juncture. Yet despite the rise of alternative nongovernmental organizations (ANGOs) seeking to change the sectarian political system, a public ready for change, renewed donor interest and funds, little came of this junctu…
State Actor-Social Movement Coalitions and Policy-making Under Authoritarianism
This article examines the conditions under which state actor-social movement ( sasm ) coalitions form in policy-making in authoritarian states. Based on a comparison of three cases of policy reform undertaken by the Party of Justice and Development ( pjd ) in the municipality of Kenitra, Morocco, it argues: 1) in authoritarian states, we must analyse sasm interactions and the interactions between elected state actors and nominated state actors re…
Islam in a Changing Middle East
Local Politics in Jordan and Morocco
Janine A. Clark examines why Morocco decentralized while Jordan did not and evaluates the impact of their divergent paths in order to explain how authoritarian regimes can use decentralization reforms to consolidate power. Local Politics in Jordan and Morocco challenges our understanding of authoritarian regimes’ resilience.
Interviewing
In chapter 9, Janine A. Clark provides a list of lessons—the dos and don’ts—she has learned conducting open-ended elite interviews based on purposive sampling. Based on the author’s experiences conducting research in six countries in the region, the chapter provides advice on topics such as how to prepare for interviewing, where to hold an interview, how to present yourself, and how to record your data. It also looks at the advantages and disadva…
Encountering the Mukhabarat State
Chapter 2 provides guidelines for how to conduct field research in states that employ extensive intelligence apparatuses to spy on, intimidate, and harass citizens and researchers. The chapter provides advice on how to protect yourself and your data and, based on the authors’ personal experiences with the intelligence apparatus in Jordan, also on what to expect should researchers fall out of favor with intelligence services. While most scholars c…
Political Science Research in the Middle East and North Africa
Based on personal accounts of their experiences conducting qualitative and quantitative research in the countries of the Middle East and North Africa, the contributors to this volume share the real-life obstacles they have encountered in applying research methods in practice and the possible solutions to overcome them. The volume is an important companion book to more standard methods books, which focus on the “how to” of methods but are often de…
Local Politics in Jordan and Morocco
Activism in the Middle East and North Africa in times of upheaval
We seek to better understand recent changes in social mobilization in the MENA region by analysing the formation and evolution of social networks. We propose an interactive perspective linking up contentious politics with routine governance through a dynamic articulation of repertoires of contention. At the heart of our analysis of social networks lie important questions regarding agency, strategic action and outcomes that have significance for s…
Political science (28 obras) · Law (25 obras) · Politics (22 obras) · Sociology (22 obras) · Jewish and Middle Eastern Studies (18 obras) · Political economy (18 obras) · Law (15 obras) · Middle East Politics and Society (11 obras) · Democracy (10 obras) · Economics (10 obras)