James Lewis
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3700219 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | James Lewis |
| NOMBRES | James |
| APELLIDO | Lewis |
| FIRMA | LEWIS J |
| AFILIACIONES | London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8603-2761 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 45 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 67 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 43 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 2 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1977 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Development and Disasters
Exploring Variations in Emotional Intelligence and Burnout Among Traditional and Accelerated Baccalaureate Nursing Students
BACKGROUND: This study aims to validate a clinical language-centric self-assessment of emotional intelligence (EI) and burnout, examining the differences in EI and burnout subscales between accelerated baccalaureate nursing students (ABSN) and traditional baccalaureate nursing students (TBSN). Findings will inform curricular changes to support EI development. METHOD: = 72) students completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Scale for E…
Associations of Perceived School and Year Group Climate with Mental Health Among Children Aged 7-to-11 Years
Schools are an important setting for interventions to improve mental health. There is growing evidence that school climate – sometimes expressed as the perceptions that children have about the relationships, safety, values, and beliefs within their school – can impact child mental health. Poor child mental health is associated with feelings of distress as well deficits in functioning. However, while most studies have focused on school climate, cl…
Insights into tuberculosis burden in Karachi, Pakistan
Pakistan is one of the five highest tuberculosis burden countries globally. We estimated prevalence of adult bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and annual risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M . tuberculosis) infection in children aged 2–4 years in Karachi, Pakistan. The survey design enabled exploration of tuberculosis burden by whether the population had previously been exposed to widespread tuberculosis active case-finding (ACF…
Mapping social capital across Wales (UK) using secondary data and spatial analysis
Social capital, a powerful community resource based on trust, relationships, norms, culture, values, networks and belonging, could shape the acceptance, cooperation, and involvement of citizens towards new policies or interventions. In past, connections of social capital have been studied in relation to human health, wellbeing, social and economic development. More recently, social capital has been studied with respect to human resilience and ada…
Protocol-driven primary care and community linkage to reduce all-cause mortality in rural Zambia
Introduction While tremendous progress has been made in recent years to improve the health of people living in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), significant challenges remain. Chief among these are poor health systems, which are often ill-equipped to respond to current challenges. It remains unclear whether intensive intervention at the health system level will result in improved outcomes, as there have been few rigorously designed compara…
Changes in Adherence and Viral Load Suppression Among People with HIV in Manila
“The state of things”
Trickle down innovation? Creativity and innovation at the margins
This paper explores the entanglement of the innovation discourse with discourses of power. Innovation is a frequent topic of archaeological research, but its implications for how we understand flows of power between individuals, groups, and regions has seen little attention. Here, we argue that our innovation narratives often blindly reproduce hierarchical relations which place dynamic cores in positions of power over their more passive peripheri…
Presymptomatic Sars-CoV-2 Infections and Transmission in a Skilled Nursing Facility
BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can spread rapidly within skilled nursing facilities. After identification of a case of Covid-19 in a skilled nursing facility, we assessed transmission and evaluated the adequacy of symptom-based screening to identify infections in residents. METHODS: We conducted two serial point-prevalence surveys, 1 week apart, in which assenting residents of the facility under…
Epidemiology of Covid-19 in a Long-Term Care Facility in King County, Washington
BACKGROUND: Long-term care facilities are high-risk settings for severe outcomes from outbreaks of Covid-19, owing to both the advanced age and frequent chronic underlying health conditions of the residents and the movement of health care personnel among facilities in a region. METHODS: After identification on February 28, 2020, of a confirmed case of Covid-19 in a skilled nursing facility in King County, Washington, Public Health-Seattle and Kin…
Application of an HIV Prevention Cascade to Identify Gaps in Increasing Coverage of Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Services in 42 Rural Zambian Communities
The fluidity of risk
Purpose Considered alone, risk is static; the purpose of this paper is to illustrate risk not as static but as a fluid condition dependent, for example, upon circumstances of its context in changeable vulnerability and behavioural responses of people facing risk. Design/methodology/approach Psychology provides strong evidence of behavioural response when facing hazards; technological disasters providing more evidence of behavioural responses to h…
The Burr Conspiracy
Suicide, Martyrdom, and Violence
Learning from the history of disaster vulnerability and resilience research and practice for climate change
Humanity has long sought to explain and understand why environmental processes and phenomena contribute to and interfere with development processes, frequently through the terms and concepts of ‘vulnerability’ and ‘resilience’. Many proven ideas and approaches from development and disaster risk reduction literature are not fully considered by contemporary climate change work. This chapter describes the importance of older vulnerability and resili…
Frequency of HIV-testing and factors associated with multiple lifetime HIV-testing among a rural population of Zambian men
Although men's levels of ever-testing for HIV have increased, strategies need to increase the lifetime frequency of HIV-testing among men at continued risk of HIV-infection
Island contributions to disaster research
Island case studies have contributed significantly to disaster research theory and application, including more recent work on climate change adaptation. Island-related work in development and disasters has been particularly adept at building on the past in order to create a better development future through disaster risk reduction, one subset of which is climate change adaptation. However, recent emphasis on climate change has to a large degree b…
Factors Associated with HIV-Testing and Acceptance of an Offer of Home-Based Testing by Men in Rural Zambia
Processes of vulnerability in England? Place, poverty and susceptibility
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to emphasise how vulnerability is not only “place-based” and to explore by example how vulnerability to hazards in England may comprise additional economic, social and psychological contributors to poverty. The mutuality of poverty and vulnerability is demonstrated, as are examples of susceptibility of the vulnerable to stigmatic disregard and cruelty. Design/methodology/approach – “Place-based” vulnerabilit…
The susceptibility of the vulnerable
Purpose This intentionally short paper considers the wide range of interpretations of “vulnerability” since its 1979 adoption in disaster studies and proposes some necessary separation and re-categorisation of its current applications
The susceptibility of the vulnerable
Purpose – This intentionally short paper considers the wide range of interpretations of “vulnerability” since its 1979 adoption in disaster studies and proposes some necessary separation and re-categorisation of its current applications. Design/methodology/approach – The short history of the use of “vulnerability” in disasters studies is examined, contrasting present day contexts with those of its earliest use. Findings – “Vulnerability” is retai…
Some realities of resilience
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reassess Chiswell's vulnerability to storm and sea flooding since an analysis made in 1979 and to identify characteristics of resilience, a more recent item of disaster studies terminology. Design/methodology/approach Chiswell's geography, geomorphology and changes affecting its vulnerability up to 1979, are described against its history of storms. Two serious storms in 1978 and 1979 drew attention to Chisw…
Some realities of resilience
Purpose – The aim of this paper is to explore community resilience during the short-term stages of recovery of Wittenberge in 1945, surrender in the final months of the Second World War and the commencement for the town of Soviet administration; with comments on longer-term contexts of continued resilience and recovery to the present day. The paper examines origins and current use of the term “resilience” for comparison with its realities that ar…
Participatory Action Research for Dealing with Disasters on Islands
Much disaster research has a basis in non-island case studies, although monodisciplinary disaster-related research across past decades has often used case studies of individual islands. Both sets of work contribute to contemporary ‘participatory action research’ which investigates ways of dealing with disasters on islands. This paper asks what might be gained through combining disaster research, island studies, and participatory action research. …
The Vulnerability of Small Island States to Sea Level Rise
There is uncertainty about climate change and its socioenvironmental implications, but the vulnerability of small island states to hazardous events is likely to become increasingly significant. It will not be a normally benign sea that rises but the incidence of storms and cyclones can be assumed to increase with tropical sea-surface temperatures. The proportional socioeconomic impact of tropical cyclone disasters makes these of crucial significa…
Participatory Action Research for Dealing with Disasters on Islands
Much disaster research has a basis in non-island case studies, although monodisciplinary disaster-related research across past decades has often used case studies of individual islands. Both sets of work contribute to contemporary ‘participatory action research’ which investigates ways of dealing with disasters on islands. This paper asks what might be gained through combining disaster research, island studies, and participatory action research. …
Age at First Sex and HIV Infection in Rural Zimbabwe
Beginning sexual activity introduces an individual to the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections. In this study, cross‐sectional behavioral data linked to HIV‐status from 4,138 men and 4,948 women interviewed in rural Zimbabwe are analyzed to investigate the distribution and consequences of early first sex. We find that age at first sex (at a median age of 19 years for males and 18 years for females) has declined among males over the p…
A multi-hazard history of Antigua
Antigua experiences earthquakes, droughts and hurricanes. To isolate for study each of these as they occur, would be to over simplify the inter-relationships between the aftereffects of one and the occurrence and the effects of the next. Moreover, there will be conditions arising from factors outside the natural disaster spectrum which bear upon, and are themselves affected by, all of these phenomena.This interplay of events and conditions is rea…
Looking and loving
Comparison of household-survey estimates with projections of mortality and orphan numbers in sub-Saharan Africa in the era of HIV/Aids
The United Nations publishes estimates of HIV prevalence, AIDS mortality, and orphan numbers for all countries of the world. It is important to assess the validity of these model-based estimates since they underpin much policy concerned with care and prevention. Household surveys that ask questions about the survival of children's parents (orphanhood) offer an independent source of data with which these estimates can be compared. Survey estimates…
Trickle down innovation? Creativity and innovation at the margins
This paper explores the entanglement of the innovation discourse with discourses of power. Innovation is a frequent topic of archaeological research, but its implications for how we understand flows of power between individuals, groups, and regions has seen little attention. Here, we argue that our innovation narratives often blindly reproduce hierarchical relations which place dynamic cores in positions of power over their more passive peripheri…
Small States Conference on Sea Level Rise, Malé, Republic of the Maldives, 14–18 November 1989
Island contributions to disaster research
Island case studies have contributed significantly to disaster research theory and application, including more recent work on climate change adaptation. Island-related work in development and disasters has been particularly adept at building on the past in order to create a better development future through disaster risk reduction, one subset of which is climate change adaptation. However, recent emphasis on climate change has to a large degree b…
Risk, vulnerability and survival
Some Aspects of Disaster Research
Some Aspects of Disaster Research
Disasters and the Small Dwelling
The Tamil Nadu Cyclone, November 1977
A multi-hazard history of Antigua
Antigua experiences earthquakes, droughts and hurricanes. To isolate for study each of these as they occur, would be to over simplify the inter-relationships between the aftereffects of one and the occurrence and the effects of the next. Moreover, there will be conditions arising from factors outside the natural disaster spectrum which bear upon, and are themselves affected by, all of these phenomena.This interplay of events and conditions is rea…
Risk, vulnerability and survival
Looking and loving
British Consultants Bureau Conference on “Disaster Relief and Mitigation”, London, 7 February 1990
Small States Conference on Sea Level Rise, Malé, Republic of the Maldives, 14–18 November 1989
The Vulnerability of Small Island States to Sea Level Rise
There is uncertainty about climate change and its socioenvironmental implications, but the vulnerability of small island states to hazardous events is likely to become increasingly significant. It will not be a normally benign sea that rises but the incidence of storms and cyclones can be assumed to increase with tropical sea-surface temperatures. The proportional socioeconomic impact of tropical cyclone disasters makes these of crucial significa…
You Must Remember This
Development in Disaster-Prone Places
This book addresses the long-overdue imbalance in disaster management: an over-emphasis on post-disaster assistance and a lack of attention to vulnerability reduction. It answers the fundamental question in this debate: how can we mould pre-disaster development initiatives to become the most appropriate means for vulnerability reduction The book reasserts and reapplies some of the basic concepts and issues which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, wi…
Quality of life improvement in treatment of psoriasis with intermittent short course cyclosporin (Neoral®)
Brief functional English proficiency measure for health survey research
Through three studies we develop a brief measure of functional English proficiency intended for use in health survey research and particularly with older adults. The samples involved in these studies included adults aged 18 to 93 years whose language of origin was Turkish (n = 497, 53% women); Macedonian (n = 209, 49% women); Spanish (n = 205, 68% women); Italian (n = 212, 52% women); Turkish (n = 201, 51% women), and Greek (n = 150, 53% women). …
Comparison of household-survey estimates with projections of mortality and orphan numbers in sub-Saharan Africa in the era of HIV/Aids
The United Nations publishes estimates of HIV prevalence, AIDS mortality, and orphan numbers for all countries of the world. It is important to assess the validity of these model-based estimates since they underpin much policy concerned with care and prevention. Household surveys that ask questions about the survival of children's parents (orphanhood) offer an independent source of data with which these estimates can be compared. Survey estimates…
HIV infection and reproductive health in teenage women orphaned and made vulnerable by Aids in Zimbabwe
AIDS has increased the number of orphans and vulnerable children (OVCs) in sub-Saharan Africa who could suffer detrimental life experiences. We investigated whether OVCs have heightened risks of adverse reproductive health outcomes including HIV infection. Data on HIV infection, sexually transmitted infection (STI) symptoms and pregnancy, and common risk factors were collected for OVCs and non-OVCs in a population survey of 1523 teenage children …
Praying for Unity or E Pluribus Unum
The closely scripted and emotionally moving state funeral of former President, Ronald Wilson Reagan, stirred a nation to reflect on both a world leader and a personable human being. The images are
HIV Decline Associated with Behavior Change in Eastern Zimbabwe
Few sub-Saharan African countries have witnessed declines in HIV prevalence, and only Uganda has compelling evidence for a decline founded on sexual behavior change. We report a decline in HIV prevalence in eastern Zimbabwe between 1998 and 2003 associated with sexual behavior change in four distinct socioeconomic strata. HIV prevalence fell most steeply at young ages—by 23 and 49%, respectively, among men aged 17 to 29 years and women aged 15 to…
Handbook of New Age
The Handbook of New Age is a comprehensive survey of alternative spiritualities: their history, their global impact, their cultural influence and how they are understood by scholars. Chapters by many of the leading scholars of the movement give the latest analysis of contemporary spiritual trends, and present up-to-date observations of the interaction between the New Age movement and many different fields of knowledge and research.
Handbook of New Age
Age at First Sex and HIV Infection in Rural Zimbabwe
Beginning sexual activity introduces an individual to the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections. In this study, cross‐sectional behavioral data linked to HIV‐status from 4,138 men and 4,948 women interviewed in rural Zimbabwe are analyzed to investigate the distribution and consequences of early first sex. We find that age at first sex (at a median age of 19 years for males and 18 years for females) has declined among males over the p…
Participatory Action Research for Dealing with Disasters on Islands
Much disaster research has a basis in non-island case studies, although monodisciplinary disaster-related research across past decades has often used case studies of individual islands. Both sets of work contribute to contemporary ‘participatory action research’ which investigates ways of dealing with disasters on islands. This paper asks what might be gained through combining disaster research, island studies, and participatory action research. …
Some realities of resilience
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to reassess Chiswell's vulnerability to storm and sea flooding since an analysis made in 1979 and to identify characteristics of resilience, a more recent item of disaster studies terminology. Design/methodology/approach Chiswell's geography, geomorphology and changes affecting its vulnerability up to 1979, are described against its history of storms. Two serious storms in 1978 and 1979 drew attention to Chisw…
Some realities of resilience
Purpose – The aim of this paper is to explore community resilience during the short-term stages of recovery of Wittenberge in 1945, surrender in the final months of the Second World War and the commencement for the town of Soviet administration; with comments on longer-term contexts of continued resilience and recovery to the present day. The paper examines origins and current use of the term “resilience” for comparison with its realities that ar…
Factors Associated with HIV-Testing and Acceptance of an Offer of Home-Based Testing by Men in Rural Zambia
Processes of vulnerability in England? Place, poverty and susceptibility
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to emphasise how vulnerability is not only “place-based” and to explore by example how vulnerability to hazards in England may comprise additional economic, social and psychological contributors to poverty. The mutuality of poverty and vulnerability is demonstrated, as are examples of susceptibility of the vulnerable to stigmatic disregard and cruelty. Design/methodology/approach – “Place-based” vulnerabilit…
Medicine (18 obras) · Disaster Management and Resilience (16 obras) · Computer Science (15 obras) · Geography (15 obras) · Psychology (14 obras) · History (13 obras) · Sociology (13 obras) · Political science (12 obras) · Environmental health (11 obras) · Population (11 obras)