Michael R Carter
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3710048 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Michael R Carter |
| NOMBRES | Michael R |
| APELLIDO | Carter |
| FIRMA | CARTER M R |
| AFILIACIONES | University of California, Davis, USA, NBER, USA & University of Cape Town |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 34 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 306 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 34 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1984 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 9 |
Insuring those who bear the risk
Get in the zone
Bundling Genetic and Financial Technologies for More Resilient and Productive Small-Scale Farmers in Africa
Using a multi-year, spatially diversified randomised controlled trial spanning two African countries, this paper explores whether a complementary bundle of genetic and financial technologies can boost the resilience and productivity of small-scale farmers. The analysis shows that both moderate droughts and more severe yield losses undermine the resilience of control-group households, and that these shocks have long-lasting effects as farmers inve…
Filling a niche? The maize productivity impacts of adaptive breeding by a local seed company in Kenya
This paper studies whether the absence of locally adapted seed varieties constrains the productivity and incomes of farm households residing in small, agro-ecological niches. We empirically examine the disruption of the maize seed market in Western Kenya that took place when public sector foundation breeding and social impact investment capital came together and allowed a local seed company to expand and target a niche area with adaptively-bred m…
The Economics of Poverty Traps
Heterogeneous impact dynamics of a rural business development program in Nicaragua
Where and how index insurance can boost the adoption of improved agricultural technologies
The Economics of Poverty Traps and Persistent Poverty
The moral and economic imperatives to intervene in poverty traps motivate the identification of poverty traps and their structural causes so as to inform the design of appropriate policy responses. However, empirical identification remains challenging because of poverty traps’ complexity. After reviewing mechanisms that can generate poverty traps, we focus on one – multiple financial market failures – emphasising its heretofore underappreciated t…
Poverty and land redistribution
Despite a theoretical literature that promises that land transfers will have large impacts on the well-being of poor households, well-identified empirical evidence on the efficacy of land redistribution is scarce. In an effort to fill this gap, this paper examines South Africa's Land Redistribution for Agricultural Development (LRAD) program. We exploit features of LRAD program implementation to extract exogenous variation in whether, and for how…
Consumption versus asset smoothing
Trustworthiness and Social Capital in South Africa
This article measures trustworthiness using an experimental protocol designed to distinguish this social norm from purely altruistic preferences. Experimental participants were drawn from South African households surveyed by a longitudinal living standards study. This procedure not only permits analysis of the impact of experimentally measured social norms on real-world outcomes but also provides a rich array of data that can be used to control f…
The Power and Pitfalls of Experiments in Development Economics
Impact evaluation based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) offers a powerful tool that has fundamentally reshaped development economics by offering novel solutions to long‐standing problems of weak causal identification. Nonetheless, RCTs suffer important and underappreciated pitfalls, some of which are intrinsic to the method when applied to economic problems, others that are the result of methodological boosterism. Among the pitfalls are et…
Investir pour innover en monde rural
La théorie de l’innovation induite, appliquée ici au domaine agricole, suggère qu’un sentier durable de modernisation technologique existe même dans des économies caractérisées par une forte croissance démographique et une raréfaction des terres arables. Des études récentes semblent indiquer que les marchés, et les signaux qu’ils donnent, ne suffisent cependant pas à eux seuls pour permettre la croissance agricole. Cet article s’intéresse aux mar…
Asset Thresholds and Social Protection
Asset Thresholds and Social Protection
The dedication of this issue of the IDS Bulletin to social protection testifies to the topic’s increasing importance in development discourse and policy. Holzmann et al. (2003) describe the rise of social protection within the World Bank. They trace its rise at least in part to the
Understanding and reducing persistent poverty in Africa
This paper introduces a special issue exploring persistent poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. As a set, these papers break new ground in exploring the dynamics of structural poverty, integrating qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis and adopting an asset-based approach to the study of changes in well-being, especially in response to a wide range of different (climatic, health, political, and other) shocks. In this introductory essay, we fr…
Exploring poverty traps and social exclusion in South Africa using qualitative and quantitative data
Recent theoretical work hypothesises that a polarised society like South Africa will suffer a legacy of ineffective social capital and blocked pathways of upward mobility that leaves large numbers of people trapped in poverty. To explore these ideas, this paper employs a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. Novel econometric analysis of asset dynamics over the 1993–98 period identifies a dynamic asset poverty threshold that signals that l…
The economics of poverty traps and persistent poverty
Longitudinal data on household living standards open the way to a deeper analysis of the nature and extent of poverty. While a number of studies have exploited this type of data to distinguish transitory from more chronic forms of income or expenditure poverty, this paper develops an asset-based approach to poverty analysis that makes it possible to distinguish deep-rooted, persistent structural poverty from poverty that passes naturally with tim…
Getting Institutions “Right” for Whom? Credit Constraints and the Impact of Property Rights on the Quantity and Composition of Investment
Property rights reform is typically hypothesized to boost investment through investment demand and credit supply effects. Yet when the credit supply effect is muted, property rights reform would be expected to induce liquidity‐constrained farms to reduce investment in movable capital even as they increase investment in attached capital. This expectation is corroborated by econometric analysis of panel data from Paraguay. While all farmers experie…
Social Capital and Coping with Economic Shocks
Asset smoothing, consumption smoothing and the reproduction of inequality under risk and subsistence constraints
The dynamic cost and persistence of asset inequality in an agrarian economy
Environment, Technology, and the Social Articulation of Risk in West African Agriculture
Financial market efficiency in an Agrarian economy
The shadow price of capital in production is a useful indicator of the efficacy of the rural financial system. Using data on participants and non‐participants in a small farm credit programme from the Pakistani Punjab, this article estimates the shadow price of capital. Endogenous switching regressions techniques are employed to control for the likely heterogeneity of borrowers versus non‐borrowers. Results indicate that an individual selected at…
Agricultural Export Booms and the Rural Poor in Chile, Guatemala, and Paraguay
The economic crisis of the 1980s and the shift to outward-looking development strategies ignited interest in promoting agricultural exports throughout Latin America. In the 1990s, export strategies continue to dominate discussion on agricultural development in the region. Especially for smaller developing countries in Latin America, agricultural and natural-resource exports appear likely to lead efforts to stimulate export growth. Extraordinarily…
Asset smoothing, consumption smoothing and the reproduction of inequality under risk and subsistence constraints
Social Capital and Coping with Economic Shocks
Consumption versus asset smoothing
Poverty and land redistribution
Despite a theoretical literature that promises that land transfers will have large impacts on the well-being of poor households, well-identified empirical evidence on the efficacy of land redistribution is scarce. In an effort to fill this gap, this paper examines South Africa's Land Redistribution for Agricultural Development (LRAD) program. We exploit features of LRAD program implementation to extract exogenous variation in whether, and for how…
Equilibrium credit rationing of small farm agriculture
Where and how index insurance can boost the adoption of improved agricultural technologies
Agro-export production and peasant land access
The dynamic cost and persistence of asset inequality in an agrarian economy
Environment, Technology, and the Social Articulation of Risk in West African Agriculture
The impact of credit on peasant productivity and differentiation in Nicaragua
Trustworthiness and Social Capital in South Africa
This article measures trustworthiness using an experimental protocol designed to distinguish this social norm from purely altruistic preferences. Experimental participants were drawn from South African households surveyed by a longitudinal living standards study. This procedure not only permits analysis of the impact of experimentally measured social norms on real-world outcomes but also provides a rich array of data that can be used to control f…
Resource Allocation and Use Under Collective Rights and Labour Management in Peruvian Coastal Agriculture
Journal Article Resource Allocation and Use Under Collective Rights and Labour Management in Peruvian Coastal Agriculture Get access Michael R. Carter Michael R. Carter Georgetown University, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 94, Issue 376, 1 December 1984, Pages 826–846, https://doi.org/10.2307/2232298 Published: 01 December 1984
Heterogeneous impact dynamics of a rural business development program in Nicaragua
The economic theory of agrarian institutions
Bundling Genetic and Financial Technologies for More Resilient and Productive Small-Scale Farmers in Africa
Using a multi-year, spatially diversified randomised controlled trial spanning two African countries, this paper explores whether a complementary bundle of genetic and financial technologies can boost the resilience and productivity of small-scale farmers. The analysis shows that both moderate droughts and more severe yield losses undermine the resilience of control-group households, and that these shocks have long-lasting effects as farmers inve…
Land policies and farm productivity in Thailand
Filling a niche? The maize productivity impacts of adaptive breeding by a local seed company in Kenya
This paper studies whether the absence of locally adapted seed varieties constrains the productivity and incomes of farm households residing in small, agro-ecological niches. We empirically examine the disruption of the maize seed market in Western Kenya that took place when public sector foundation breeding and social impact investment capital came together and allowed a local seed company to expand and target a niche area with adaptively-bred m…
Investir pour innover en monde rural
La théorie de l’innovation induite, appliquée ici au domaine agricole, suggère qu’un sentier durable de modernisation technologique existe même dans des économies caractérisées par une forte croissance démographique et une raréfaction des terres arables. Des études récentes semblent indiquer que les marchés, et les signaux qu’ils donnent, ne suffisent cependant pas à eux seuls pour permettre la croissance agricole. Cet article s’intéresse aux mar…
Asset Thresholds and Social Protection
The dedication of this issue of the IDS Bulletin to social protection testifies to the topic’s increasing importance in development discourse and policy. Holzmann et al. (2003) describe the rise of social protection within the World Bank. They trace its rise at least in part to the
Peasants, collectives and choice
Identification of the Inverse Relationship Between Farm Size and Productivity
MICHAEL R. CARTER; IDENTIFICATION OF THE INVERSE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FARM SIZE AND PRODUCTIVITY: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF PEASANT AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION, Oxfo
Resource Allocation and Use Under Collective Rights and Labour Management in Peruvian Coastal Agriculture
Journal Article Resource Allocation and Use Under Collective Rights and Labour Management in Peruvian Coastal Agriculture Get access Michael R. Carter Michael R. Carter Georgetown University, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 94, Issue 376, 1 December 1984, Pages 826–846, https://doi.org/10.2307/2232298 Published: 01 December 1984
Peasants, collectives and choice
Equilibrium credit rationing of small farm agriculture
The impact of credit on peasant productivity and differentiation in Nicaragua
Land policies and farm productivity in Thailand
The economic viability and stability of ‘capitalised family farming’
Agricultural decollectivisation in Peru created a nascent ‘Capitalist Family Farm’ sector. Does the empirical fact of parcellisation suggest that small‐scale agriculture is optimal? Will land reconcentration occur with differentiation among the parceleros? Studying the causes and consequences of parcellisation provides insight into a number of questions relating to alternative production systems. Productive efficiency is compared between the parc…
The economic theory of agrarian institutions
Agro-export production and peasant land access
Financial market efficiency in an Agrarian economy
The shadow price of capital in production is a useful indicator of the efficacy of the rural financial system. Using data on participants and non‐participants in a small farm credit programme from the Pakistani Punjab, this article estimates the shadow price of capital. Endogenous switching regressions techniques are employed to control for the likely heterogeneity of borrowers versus non‐borrowers. Results indicate that an individual selected at…
Agricultural Export Booms and the Rural Poor in Chile, Guatemala, and Paraguay
The economic crisis of the 1980s and the shift to outward-looking development strategies ignited interest in promoting agricultural exports throughout Latin America. In the 1990s, export strategies continue to dominate discussion on agricultural development in the region. Especially for smaller developing countries in Latin America, agricultural and natural-resource exports appear likely to lead efforts to stimulate export growth. Extraordinarily…
Environment, Technology, and the Social Articulation of Risk in West African Agriculture
The dynamic cost and persistence of asset inequality in an agrarian economy
Getting Institutions “Right” for Whom? Credit Constraints and the Impact of Property Rights on the Quantity and Composition of Investment
Property rights reform is typically hypothesized to boost investment through investment demand and credit supply effects. Yet when the credit supply effect is muted, property rights reform would be expected to induce liquidity‐constrained farms to reduce investment in movable capital even as they increase investment in attached capital. This expectation is corroborated by econometric analysis of panel data from Paraguay. While all farmers experie…
Social Capital and Coping with Economic Shocks
Asset smoothing, consumption smoothing and the reproduction of inequality under risk and subsistence constraints
Understanding and reducing persistent poverty in Africa
This paper introduces a special issue exploring persistent poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. As a set, these papers break new ground in exploring the dynamics of structural poverty, integrating qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis and adopting an asset-based approach to the study of changes in well-being, especially in response to a wide range of different (climatic, health, political, and other) shocks. In this introductory essay, we fr…
Exploring poverty traps and social exclusion in South Africa using qualitative and quantitative data
Recent theoretical work hypothesises that a polarised society like South Africa will suffer a legacy of ineffective social capital and blocked pathways of upward mobility that leaves large numbers of people trapped in poverty. To explore these ideas, this paper employs a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. Novel econometric analysis of asset dynamics over the 1993–98 period identifies a dynamic asset poverty threshold that signals that l…
The economics of poverty traps and persistent poverty
Longitudinal data on household living standards open the way to a deeper analysis of the nature and extent of poverty. While a number of studies have exploited this type of data to distinguish transitory from more chronic forms of income or expenditure poverty, this paper develops an asset-based approach to poverty analysis that makes it possible to distinguish deep-rooted, persistent structural poverty from poverty that passes naturally with tim…
Asset Thresholds and Social Protection
Asset Thresholds and Social Protection
The dedication of this issue of the IDS Bulletin to social protection testifies to the topic’s increasing importance in development discourse and policy. Holzmann et al. (2003) describe the rise of social protection within the World Bank. They trace its rise at least in part to the
Investir pour innover en monde rural
La théorie de l’innovation induite, appliquée ici au domaine agricole, suggère qu’un sentier durable de modernisation technologique existe même dans des économies caractérisées par une forte croissance démographique et une raréfaction des terres arables. Des études récentes semblent indiquer que les marchés, et les signaux qu’ils donnent, ne suffisent cependant pas à eux seuls pour permettre la croissance agricole. Cet article s’intéresse aux mar…
The Power and Pitfalls of Experiments in Development Economics
Impact evaluation based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) offers a powerful tool that has fundamentally reshaped development economics by offering novel solutions to long‐standing problems of weak causal identification. Nonetheless, RCTs suffer important and underappreciated pitfalls, some of which are intrinsic to the method when applied to economic problems, others that are the result of methodological boosterism. Among the pitfalls are et…
Trustworthiness and Social Capital in South Africa
This article measures trustworthiness using an experimental protocol designed to distinguish this social norm from purely altruistic preferences. Experimental participants were drawn from South African households surveyed by a longitudinal living standards study. This procedure not only permits analysis of the impact of experimentally measured social norms on real-world outcomes but also provides a rich array of data that can be used to control f…
Consumption versus asset smoothing
Economics (27 obras) · Agricultural risk and resilience (15 obras) · Economic growth (15 obras) · Agriculture (13 obras) · Geography (13 obras) · Income, Poverty, and Inequality (13 obras) · Political science (13 obras) · Microfinance and Financial Inclusion (11 obras) · Poverty (10 obras) · Sociology (10 obras)