Jennifer M Welsh
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3744555 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Jennifer M Welsh |
| NOMBRES | Jennifer M |
| APELLIDO | Welsh |
| FIRMA | WELSH J M |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Oxford |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9019-1845 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 49 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 257 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 48 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1969 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Risky Business
Over the last decade, a range of international actors has moved away from direct forms of intervention to protect civilian populations in favor of “bottom-up” approaches that emphasize external support for civilian self-protection (CSP). While this indirect action is often perceived to be less costly, more legitimate, and potentially more effective, we argue that external support for CSP is a “risky business” that presents a significant dilemma f…
What Future for Peace Operations
Long viewed as an example of effective multilateralism, UN peace operations are facing mounting challenges. Transformations in the landscape of conflict are outpacing their ability to respond. Rising expectations of peacekeeping have led to disenchantment with what they can deliver, while dis- and misinformation tactics undermine the efforts of the UN to make and build peace. As UN peace operations risk becoming another casualty of intensifying i…
Intervention before interventionism
Conclusion
This collection of essays raises the fundamental question of whether the current infrastructure and practices of humanitarian health provision are increasingly out of step with the nature and scale of human needs generated by new forms of violence and a political context increasingly hostile to humanitarian values. The introductory essay by David Miliband and Ken Sofer articulates this challenge with clarity and power.1 It outlines in sharp relie…
The Security Council's Role in Fulfilling the Responsibility to Protect
The principle of the responsibility to protect (RtoP) conceives of a broad set of measures that can be employed in preventing and responding to atrocity crimes. Nevertheless, the UN Security Council remains an important part of the implementation architecture, given what the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty referred to as its authoritative position in international society as the “linchpin of order and stability.” As…
Unsettling times for human rights
This commentary focuses on Kratochwil's observation about the gap between the pervasiveness of human rights language and its susceptibility to perverse effects and abuse. After demonstrating that Kratochwil shares much of the contemporary skepticism about the alleged foundations and legitimacy of human rights, the comment elaborates on his claims that human rights were and are particularistic and that ‘rights talk’ produces unintended consequence…
How Democracies Die by Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt
A Scattergun Attack on Humanitarian Intervention
Early on in The Conceit of Humanitarian Intervention, Rajan Menon laments that proponents of humanitarian intervention seem to believe “that their critics either lack ethical commitment or represen
Close cousins in protection
The Protection of Civilians (PoC) in peacekeeping and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) populations from atrocity crimes are two norms that emerged at the turn of the new millennium with the aim of protecting vulnerable peoples from mass violence and/or systematic and widespread violations of human rights. To date, most scholars have analysed the discourses over the status, strength and robustness of both norms separately. And yet, the distinct…
Ludwig Camerarius (1573–1651) Eine Biographie
Norm Robustness and the Responsibility to Protect
Published: 20 February 2019
Displacement, Protection and Responsibility
This article makes the normative case for safe areas as a strategy of civilian protection in forced displacement crises. We start from the idea that the displaced—especially those who remain within the borders of their home state—are in a particularly precarious situation which can, in some circumstances, activate a remedial responsibility to provide protection on the part of the international community. We then argue that this responsibility ext…
Civil Wars
Empire and Fragmentation
This chapter challenges Bull and Watson’s 1984 account of the nature and impact of European imperialism on the so-called periphery. In contrast to a membership narrative, which analyses who became part of the expanding ‘core’ of international society and when, it draws on theories of interaction to demonstrate how the development of states in the colonial world emerged through political processes that engaged both the colonizers and the colonized…
Assessing the Risk of Atrocity Crimes
The Framework of Analysis for Atrocity Crimes is a tool developed by the United Nations Office on Genocide Prevention and the Responsibility to Protect to guide the assessment of the risk of atrocity crimes 1 worldwide. This document builds upon the previous Framework of Analysis for the risk of genocide that was developed in 2009 by the then United Nations Office of the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, in order to fulfil its early …
The Responsibility to Protect after Libya & Syria
Despite the commitment made by all heads of state attending the 2005 World Summit to uphold the principle of the responsibility to protect (R2P), atrocity crimes continue to be committed by states and nonstate actors. This essay argues that assessments of R2P's effectiveness too often overlook the political nature of the principle – with the strengths and weaknesses that this status entails – and apply rigid standards of success that both underes…
The responsibility to prevent
This article engages with the debate on the efficacy of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in the wake of the Arab Spring by articulating a defence of its role in preventing the commission, escalation, or recurrence of atrocity crimes. Taking as its starting point the claim by UN Secretary-General (UNSG) Ban Ki-moon that prevention remains the most important aspect of the principle of R2P, the article illustrates the extent to which prevention i…
Just and Unjust Military Intervention
Norm Contestation and the Responsibility to Protect
Drawing on international relations theory, this article seeks to both account for and analyze the contestation that continues to surround the norm of R2P. It begins in Section I by arguing that while the 2005 Summit Outcome Document – as an example of ‘institutionalization’ – provided greater precision about the source, scope, and bearer of the responsibility to protect, there is continuing debate about when the international community’s remedial…
The Responsibility to Protect
Although the humanitarian rationale for the use of force has gained legitimacy, the consensus around this legitimacy ... has remained both narrow and fragile
Civilian Protection in Libya
As noted by other contributors to this roundtable, the response of the international community to civilian deaths in Libya—and the threat of further mass atrocities—is unusual in two key respects. First, Security Council Resolution 1973 authorized “all necessary measures” to protect civilians without the consent of the “host” state. The Council's intentions, and actions, could not be interpreted as anything other than coercive. Second, in contras…
Understanding Nato’s Sustainability
Our assumption in this article is that sustainable peace operations require the involvement of organizations and institutions that are themselves sustainable. We begin by presenting a set of propositions regarding the sustainability of international institutions in which the capacity for adaptation and incremental change are centrally important. We then examine these propositions in relation to NATO, paying particular attention to the ways in whi…
A normative case for pluralism
While R. J. Vincent's overall goal in Human rights and International Relations was to demonstrate how human rights might be promoted in international society, there was one area in which he was sceptical about allowing human rights to serve as the basis for international conduct: military intervention. This article begins by demonstrating that Vincent's greatest fear—that legitimizing humanitarian intervention would lead to countless wars—has pro…
Turning Words into Deeds? The Implementation of the 'Responsibility to Protect
This article is part of a forum on the report of the United Nations Secretary-General, 'Implementing the Responsibility to Protect', which was released on 12 January 2009. The report was written as a response to 'one of the cardinal challenges of our time, as posed in paragraphs 138 and 139 of the 2005 World Summit Outcome: operationalizing the responsibility to protect'. The forum seeks to provide a range of perspectives on the report. It featur…
International Law and the Responsibility to Protect
The Responsibility to Protect (R2P) invokes one of the most powerful moral and legal terms in contemporary international politics – namely, responsibility. The nature of the relationship between R2P and international law and morality, however, remains contested, giving rise to questions lying at the core of R2P's normative foundations. What is the source of R2P? To whom is this responsibility attributable, and under what circumstances? Does R2P g…
Norm Contestation and the Responsibility to Protect
Drawing on international relations theory, this article seeks to both account for and analyze the contestation that continues to surround the norm of R2P. It begins in Section I by arguing that while the 2005 Summit Outcome Document – as an example of ‘institutionalization’ – provided greater precision about the source, scope, and bearer of the responsibility to protect, there is continuing debate about when the international community’s remedial…
The Responsibility to Protect
Jennifer Welsh is University Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Somerville College. Carolin Thielking is a doctoral student in International Relations at Oxford. S. Neil MacFarlane is the Lester B. Pearson Professor of International Relations at Oxford and the Director of the Centre for International Studies. The authors would like to thank Henry Shue and the two anonymous reviewers who provided commen…
The Other in European self-definition
The dominant role of the realist paradigm in international relations theory has left little room for the study of the role of cultural variables in world politics. The two central tenets of the realist theoretical game-plan—the primacy of the sovereign state system, and the autonomy of that system, from domestic political, social and moral considerations—focus our attention on the vertical division of the world into sovereign states, rather than …
The Lesser Evil
1. Political Ethics in an Age of Terror 2. The Strength of the Weak 3. The Weakness of the Strong 4. The Ethics of Emergency 5. The Temptations of Nihilism 6. The Usefulness of Ethics
Humanitarian Intervention and International Relations
The Responsibility to Protect after Libya & Syria
Despite the commitment made by all heads of state attending the 2005 World Summit to uphold the principle of the responsibility to protect (R2P), atrocity crimes continue to be committed by states and nonstate actors. This essay argues that assessments of R2P's effectiveness too often overlook the political nature of the principle – with the strengths and weaknesses that this status entails – and apply rigid standards of success that both underes…
The responsibility to prevent
This article engages with the debate on the efficacy of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in the wake of the Arab Spring by articulating a defence of its role in preventing the commission, escalation, or recurrence of atrocity crimes. Taking as its starting point the claim by UN Secretary-General (UNSG) Ban Ki-moon that prevention remains the most important aspect of the principle of R2P, the article illustrates the extent to which prevention i…
Civilian Protection in Libya
As noted by other contributors to this roundtable, the response of the international community to civilian deaths in Libya—and the threat of further mass atrocities—is unusual in two key respects. First, Security Council Resolution 1973 authorized “all necessary measures” to protect civilians without the consent of the “host” state. The Council's intentions, and actions, could not be interpreted as anything other than coercive. Second, in contras…
Implementing the “Responsibility to Protect”
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Close cousins in protection
The Protection of Civilians (PoC) in peacekeeping and the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) populations from atrocity crimes are two norms that emerged at the turn of the new millennium with the aim of protecting vulnerable peoples from mass violence and/or systematic and widespread violations of human rights. To date, most scholars have analysed the discourses over the status, strength and robustness of both norms separately. And yet, the distinct…
Norm Robustness and the Responsibility to Protect
Published: 20 February 2019
Canada in the 21st century
Canadian foreign policy has often been described in terms of ‘middle power’ status. But this description has always been problematic, and changes in the international climate now make a new paradigm necessary. The author discusses other foreign policy vocations, including the ‘soft power’ approach, and a purely regional destiny. She concludes by emphasizing the strength of internationalism in Canada, and of factors compelling the country to stake…
A Peoples' Europe? European Citizenship and European Identity
We are not forming coalitions between States, but union among people (Jean Monnet, Washington, 1952
International Law and the Responsibility to Protect
The Responsibility to Protect (R2P) invokes one of the most powerful moral and legal terms in contemporary international politics – namely, responsibility. The nature of the relationship between R2P and international law and morality, however, remains contested, giving rise to questions lying at the core of R2P's normative foundations. What is the source of R2P? To whom is this responsibility attributable, and under what circumstances? Does R2P g…
I'' is for Ideology
(2003). ''I'' is for Ideology: Conservatism in International Affairs. Global Society: Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 165-185
Edmund Burke and International Relations
The Imperative to Rebuild
The past two decades have witnessed the proliferation of comprehensive international missions of peacebuilding and reconstruction, aimed not simply at bringing conflict to an end but also at preventing its recurrence. Recent missions, ranging from relatively modest involvement to highly complex international administrations, have generated a debate about the rights and duties of international actors to reconstruct postconflict states. In view of …
From Right to Responsibility
Prediction of Failure at University—or Failure of Prediction
S ummary . The validity of a procedure for identifying students at risk of failure on the basis of first term examination results was checked by following up 188 students at risk, from a total of 1902 in Aberdeen University Arts Faculty in session 1974–5. 76 per cent of the students at risk recovered successfully, and 40 per cent of failing students were missed by the procedure. Comparison of students who fail and those who recover, and of failin…
Displacement, Protection and Responsibility
This article makes the normative case for safe areas as a strategy of civilian protection in forced displacement crises. We start from the idea that the displaced—especially those who remain within the borders of their home state—are in a particularly precarious situation which can, in some circumstances, activate a remedial responsibility to provide protection on the part of the international community. We then argue that this responsibility ext…
Turning Words into Deeds? The Implementation of the 'Responsibility to Protect
This article is part of a forum on the report of the United Nations Secretary-General, 'Implementing the Responsibility to Protect', which was released on 12 January 2009. The report was written as a response to 'one of the cardinal challenges of our time, as posed in paragraphs 138 and 139 of the 2005 World Summit Outcome: operationalizing the responsibility to protect'. The forum seeks to provide a range of perspectives on the report. It featur…
What Future for Peace Operations
Long viewed as an example of effective multilateralism, UN peace operations are facing mounting challenges. Transformations in the landscape of conflict are outpacing their ability to respond. Rising expectations of peacekeeping have led to disenchantment with what they can deliver, while dis- and misinformation tactics undermine the efforts of the UN to make and build peace. As UN peace operations risk becoming another casualty of intensifying i…
The Security Council's Role in Fulfilling the Responsibility to Protect
The principle of the responsibility to protect (RtoP) conceives of a broad set of measures that can be employed in preventing and responding to atrocity crimes. Nevertheless, the UN Security Council remains an important part of the implementation architecture, given what the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty referred to as its authoritative position in international society as the “linchpin of order and stability.” As…
Unsettling times for human rights
This commentary focuses on Kratochwil's observation about the gap between the pervasiveness of human rights language and its susceptibility to perverse effects and abuse. After demonstrating that Kratochwil shares much of the contemporary skepticism about the alleged foundations and legitimacy of human rights, the comment elaborates on his claims that human rights were and are particularistic and that ‘rights talk’ produces unintended consequence…
Assessing the Risk of Atrocity Crimes
The Framework of Analysis for Atrocity Crimes is a tool developed by the United Nations Office on Genocide Prevention and the Responsibility to Protect to guide the assessment of the risk of atrocity crimes 1 worldwide. This document builds upon the previous Framework of Analysis for the risk of genocide that was developed in 2009 by the then United Nations Office of the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide, in order to fulfil its early …
Correlates of School Attainment at Different Ability Levels
S ummary . Correlations between school attainment and various intellectual, personality and social variables are reported separately for the top and bottom thirds of the ability range. The ability groups were formed from an age‐group of 2,538 Aberdeen children, who had been given tests yearly between the ages of 11 and 14. Results suggest that secondary school attainment is more difficult to predict in the high ability group than in the low abili…
Age of Transfer to Secondary Education
S ummary . Of the year‐group of 2,900 Aberdeen children who had been the subjects of a study on the age of transfer to secondary education, about one quarter went on to the fifth and sixth years of secondary education, and their careers were examined. The best prediction of final secondary school performance was given by assessments of attainment in the first two years of secondary school; next in order were verbal reasoning tests at ages 11, 12 …
Prediction of Failure at University—or Failure of Prediction
S ummary . The validity of a procedure for identifying students at risk of failure on the basis of first term examination results was checked by following up 188 students at risk, from a total of 1902 in Aberdeen University Arts Faculty in session 1974–5. 76 per cent of the students at risk recovered successfully, and 40 per cent of failing students were missed by the procedure. Comparison of students who fail and those who recover, and of failin…
Aspects of the Hidden Curriculum
By utilising ideas about the differential effects of the "hidden curriculum", this investigation studied physical education teachers' views of pupils' physical ability and personal qualities, and pupils' perceptions of their teachers, and of themselves. The 2,619 fifteen to sixteen year old pupils selected from twelve Scottish comprehensive schools were categorized as competitive (i.e. they repre sented the school in some form of physical activit…
The PhD student at work
The most common patterns of work activity adopted by Science students during the three years of PhD study are described and their relationship to thesis submission examined. The results suggest that the organisation of PhD study, at least in Science, is an important feature of success, defined in terms of submission of a thesis
Writing and the PhD student
(1981). Writing and the PhD student. Journal of Geography in Higher Education: Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 212-214
The Rural Community and the Small School
The Other in European self-definition
The dominant role of the realist paradigm in international relations theory has left little room for the study of the role of cultural variables in world politics. The two central tenets of the realist theoretical game-plan—the primacy of the sovereign state system, and the autonomy of that system, from domestic political, social and moral considerations—focus our attention on the vertical division of the world into sovereign states, rather than …
A Peoples' Europe? European Citizenship and European Identity
We are not forming coalitions between States, but union among people (Jean Monnet, Washington, 1952
The role of the inner enemy in European self-definition
(1994). The role of the inner enemy in European self-definition: Identity, culture and international relations theory. History of European Ideas: Vol. 19, No. 1-3, pp. 53-61
Edmund Burke and International Relations
Edmund Burke and the Commonwealth of Europe
John Vincent was the first to note the neglect of Edmund Burke's mind by scholars of international relations, compared with the considerable attention that has been heaped on his ideas by biographers, historians, literary theorists, and political philosophers.1 I will not try to replicate his overview of Burke's international theory. Instead, I propose to deal more specifically with two aspects of Burke's thought which most interested Vincent in …
From Right to Responsibility
The Responsibility to Protect
Jennifer Welsh is University Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Oxford and a Fellow of Somerville College. Carolin Thielking is a doctoral student in International Relations at Oxford. S. Neil MacFarlane is the Lester B. Pearson Professor of International Relations at Oxford and the Director of the Centre for International Studies. The authors would like to thank Henry Shue and the two anonymous reviewers who provided commen…
I'' is for Ideology
(2003). ''I'' is for Ideology: Conservatism in International Affairs. Global Society: Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 165-185
Canada in the 21st century
Canadian foreign policy has often been described in terms of ‘middle power’ status. But this description has always been problematic, and changes in the international climate now make a new paradigm necessary. The author discusses other foreign policy vocations, including the ‘soft power’ approach, and a purely regional destiny. She concludes by emphasizing the strength of internationalism in Canada, and of factors compelling the country to stake…
Humanitarian Intervention and International Relations
The Lesser Evil
1. Political Ethics in an Age of Terror 2. The Strength of the Weak 3. The Weakness of the Strong 4. The Ethics of Emergency 5. The Temptations of Nihilism 6. The Usefulness of Ethics
Intervention
Intervention: Shaping the Global Order. By Karen A. Feste. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2003. 304p. $64.95. Humanitarian Intervention: Ethical, Legal, and Political Dilemmas. Edited by J. L. Holzgrefe and Robert O. Keohane. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. 362p. $75.00 cloth, $26.99 paper. To intervene or not to intervene? This question has dominated global politics over the past five years, in regions as diverse as the former Yug…
The Lesser Evil Political Ethics in an Age of Terror
The 2005 International Policy Statement
The 2005 International Policy Statement
The 2005 international policy statement (IPS), role of pride and influence in the offers a unique opportunity to see the themes of this volume at work.1 The concepts of permeability, mentor state, and human security-which in this special issue have been associated with the notion of gidsland-all played into the drafting of the IPS and the ongoing analysis of Canadian foreign policy. The picture that emerges (particularly from the IPS overview) is…
The Imperative to Rebuild
The past two decades have witnessed the proliferation of comprehensive international missions of peacebuilding and reconstruction, aimed not simply at bringing conflict to an end but also at preventing its recurrence. Recent missions, ranging from relatively modest involvement to highly complex international administrations, have generated a debate about the rights and duties of international actors to reconstruct postconflict states. In view of …
Turning Words into Deeds? The Implementation of the 'Responsibility to Protect
This article is part of a forum on the report of the United Nations Secretary-General, 'Implementing the Responsibility to Protect', which was released on 12 January 2009. The report was written as a response to 'one of the cardinal challenges of our time, as posed in paragraphs 138 and 139 of the 2005 World Summit Outcome: operationalizing the responsibility to protect'. The forum seeks to provide a range of perspectives on the report. It featur…
International Law and the Responsibility to Protect
The Responsibility to Protect (R2P) invokes one of the most powerful moral and legal terms in contemporary international politics – namely, responsibility. The nature of the relationship between R2P and international law and morality, however, remains contested, giving rise to questions lying at the core of R2P's normative foundations. What is the source of R2P? To whom is this responsibility attributable, and under what circumstances? Does R2P g…
Political science (42 obras) · Law (34 obras) · Sociology (32 obras) · Global Peace and Security Dynamics (27 obras) · Law (27 obras) · Politics (23 obras) · Psychology (18 obras) · Law and economics (17 obras) · International Law and Human Rights (15 obras) · Responsibility to Protect (13 obras)