Robert M Kaplan
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3759972 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Robert M Kaplan |
| NOMBRES | Robert M |
| APELLIDO | Kaplan |
| FIRMA | KAPLAN R M |
| AFILIACIONES | University of California San Diego |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-0229-0200 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 64 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 99 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 64 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1972 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Continuous monitoring of eating and sleeping behaviors in the home environments of older adults
Accurate observation of patient functioning is necessary for rigorous clinical research and for improving the quality of patient care. However, clinic or laboratory environments systematically differ from the contexts of everyday life. Further, assessments that are completed in a single institutional session may not be generalizable. Here, we describe a computer vision methodology that measures human functioning continuously in the environments w…
The Man Who Killed Apartheid
Assassination is not uncommon in South African politics. Zulu kings were regularly turned over on this basis. In recent times, there has been the killing of Chris Hani and political figures in the
Economic Benefit of “Modern” Nonemergency Medical Transportation That Utilizes Digital Transportation Networks
Objectives. To determine the economic benefit of “modern” nonemergency medical transportation (NEMT) that utilizes digital transportation networks compared with traditional NEMT in the United States. Methods. We used the National Academies’ NEMT cost-effectiveness model to perform a baseline cost savings analysis for provision of NEMT for transportation-disadvantaged Medicaid beneficiaries. On the basis of a review of the literature, commercial i…
Social Participation Modifies the Effect of a Structured Physical Activity Program on Major Mobility Disability Among Older Adults
Our findings suggest that baseline social participation is an important factor for the success of a PA intervention aimed at delaying mobility disability
Health Outcomes, Assessment of
Non-normal Screening Mammography Results, Lumpectomies, and Breast Cancer Reported by California Women, 2001–2009
Was Hitler Ill? A Reply to Eberle and Neumann
Hitler’s health, both physical and mental, remains a contentious topic with regular attempts to reach a finding. Was Hitler Ill: A Final Diagnosis? published in 2012 by Henrik Eberle and Hans-Joachim Neumann with a review of the latest documentation, claims to be the definitive account, finding that, aside from routine illness at times, he did not have any health problems.1 This account, however, is challenged by the evidence—documented on film a…
Educational attainment and life expectancy
Advancing Scientific Inquiry by Blurring Research Boundaries
Psychological testing
Estimates of Smoking-Related Property Costs in California Multiunit Housing
We systematically evaluated smoking-related costs in multiunit housing. From 2008 to 2009, we surveyed California multiunit housing owners or managers on their past-year smoking-related costs and smoke-free policies. A total of 27.1% of respondents had incurred smoking-related costs (mean $4935), and 33.5% reported complete smoke-free policies, which lowered the likelihood of incurring smoking-related costs. Implementing statewide complete smoke-…
National Institutes of Health Approaches to Dissemination and Implementation Science
To address the vast gap between current knowledge and practice in the area of dissemination and implementation research, we address terminology, provide examples of successful applications of this research, discuss key sources of support, and highlight directions and opportunities for future advances. There is a need for research testing approaches to scaling up and sustaining effective interventions, and we propose that further advances in the f…
Gender Differences in Multiple Underlying Dimensions of Health-related Quality of Life Are Associated with Sociodemographic and Socioeconomic Status
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to examine whether gender differences in summary health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are due to differences in specific dimensions of health, and whether they are explained by sociodemographic and socioeconomic (SES) variation. METHODS: The National Health Measurement Study collected cross-sectional data on a national sample of 3648 black and white noninstitutionalized adults ages 35 to 89 years. Data incl…
Psychological testing
"Psychological Testing: Principles, Applications, and Issues, Seventh Edition is organized into three parts. Part I focuses on the core concepts that affect the evaluation of all tests. Part II discusses the major types of psychological tests, while Part III looks at present-day issues affecting testing such as bias, laws and ethics. The text features a multitude of test profiles and sample items, demonstrating how psychological testing is used a…
US Norms for Six Generic Health-Related Quality-of-Life Indexes From the National Health Measurement Study
BACKGROUND: A number of indexes measuring self-reported generic health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) using preference-weighted scoring are used widely in population surveys and clinical studies in the United States. OBJECTIVE: To obtain age-by-gender norms for older adults on 6 generic HRQoL indexes in a cross-sectional US population survey and compare age-related trends in HRQoL. METHODS: The EuroQol EQ-5D, Health Utilities Index Mark 2, Healt…
Modeling Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy Loss Resulting from Tobacco use in the United States
The Neuropsychiatry of Shamanism
The shamanic state is a human constant, arising from the substrate of the brain. Hunter-gatherer shamanism is based on altered states of consciousness, induced by a variety of means
Marital status and longevity in the United States population
Purpose: To investigate the relation between marital status and survival. Data sources: The US 1989 national health interview survey (NHIS) merged with the 1997 US national death index. Results: Among 1989 NHIS respondents, 5876 (8.77%) died before 1997 and 61 123 (91.23%) were known to be alive. Controlling for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, the death rate for people who were unmarried was significantly higher than it was for tho…
Utilities For Prostate Cancer Health States in Men Aged 60 and Older
PURPOSE: We sought to measure utilities for prostate cancer health states in older men. METHODS: A total of 162 men aged 60 years or older (52% of whom had been diagnosed with prostate cancer) provided standard gamble utilities for 19 health states associated with prostate cancer or its treatment using an interactive, computer-based utility assessment program. Demographics and experience with specific health states were examined as predictors of …
Arthritis Impact on U.S. Life Quality
Diagnostic and Treatment Decisions in US Healthcare
The practice of medicine links diagnosis to treatment. However, for many diagnosed conditions diagnosis and treatment may not affect health outcome. Examples include low-grade cancers that do not influence life expectancy or quality of life. Further, there is considerable uncertainty about the point along a biologic continuum where treatment should begin. Changes in diagnostic thresholds often increase healthcare costs even though the benefit of …
Cost-effectiveness of statin medications
Cost-effectiveness of statin medications
Two pathways to prevention
Health promotion and disease prevention programs are becoming important components of contemporary health care. There are at least 2 pathways to the enhancement of population health status through disease prevention. The first pathway requires the early diagnosis and treatment of disease. The second pathway promotes healthy lifestyles and disregards the requirement that a condition must be diagnosed before intervention is recommended. Data from s…
Two pathways to prevention
Marital status and longevity in the United States population
Purpose: To investigate the relation between marital status and survival. Data sources: The US 1989 national health interview survey (NHIS) merged with the 1997 US national death index. Results: Among 1989 NHIS respondents, 5876 (8.77%) died before 1997 and 61 123 (91.23%) were known to be alive. Controlling for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, the death rate for people who were unmarried was significantly higher than it was for tho…
National Institutes of Health Approaches to Dissemination and Implementation Science
To address the vast gap between current knowledge and practice in the area of dissemination and implementation research, we address terminology, provide examples of successful applications of this research, discuss key sources of support, and highlight directions and opportunities for future advances. There is a need for research testing approaches to scaling up and sustaining effective interventions, and we propose that further advances in the f…
Women's Health Initiative
Validity of the Quality of Well-Being Scale for Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
The Quality of Well-Being (QWB) Scale is a utility-weighted measure of health-related quality of life that can be used in clinical trials, population studies, and cost/utility analyses. This article reports evidence for the validity of the QWB in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The subjects were 211 patient-spouse dyads and control dyads recruited from the University of California, San Diego, Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC) and from…
Television Violence and Viewer Aggression
Studies of the effects of fantasy violent content in television on aggressive behavior are reviewed and used to assess three positions: (a) an activation view that watching televised fantasy violence causes aggressive behavior, (b) a catharsis view that aggression in some groups may be decreased following the observation of such violence, and (c) a null view that such violence on television has not been demonstrated to have significant effects on…
Counseling Psychology in Health Settings
Educational attainment and life expectancy
Interracial perception among black, white, and Mexican-American high school students
On television as a cause of aggression
Diagnostic and Treatment Decisions in US Healthcare
The practice of medicine links diagnosis to treatment. However, for many diagnosed conditions diagnosis and treatment may not affect health outcome. Examples include low-grade cancers that do not influence life expectancy or quality of life. Further, there is considerable uncertainty about the point along a biologic continuum where treatment should begin. Changes in diagnostic thresholds often increase healthcare costs even though the benefit of …
Using quality of life information to set priorities in health policy
A two-process theory of learned helplessness
Social Participation Modifies the Effect of a Structured Physical Activity Program on Major Mobility Disability Among Older Adults
Our findings suggest that baseline social participation is an important factor for the success of a PA intervention aimed at delaying mobility disability
Advancing Scientific Inquiry by Blurring Research Boundaries
Modeling Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy Loss Resulting from Tobacco use in the United States
The Neuropsychiatry of Shamanism
The shamanic state is a human constant, arising from the substrate of the brain. Hunter-gatherer shamanism is based on altered states of consciousness, induced by a variety of means
Nursing Home Utilization in Adults
Rates of nursing home utilization between 1972 and 1986 were determined for 1,302 men and women living in an upper-middle-class community in Southern California. Leading diagnostic reasons for admission were dementia, cancer, and stroke, and the leading nondiagnostic reason for admission was an inability to carry out activities of daily living. In this cohort, rates of nursing home utilization increased with age. Women at all ages used nursing ho…
On television as a cause of aggression
Interracial perception among black, white, and Mexican-American high school students
Television Violence and Viewer Aggression
Studies of the effects of fantasy violent content in television on aggressive behavior are reviewed and used to assess three positions: (a) an activation view that watching televised fantasy violence causes aggressive behavior, (b) a catharsis view that aggression in some groups may be decreased following the observation of such violence, and (c) a null view that such violence on television has not been demonstrated to have significant effects on…
A two-process theory of learned helplessness
English for Specific Purposes
Health Status Index
Levels of Well-Being are social preferences, or weights that members of society associate with time-specific states of function. A Weighted Life Expectancy, which can be used to measure program outputs, is created by summing the levels across diverse cases and multiplying them by probable transitions (prognoses) among the states and levels. This operation requires however, that the Levels of Well-Being be measured on underlying metric scale. The …
TV violence and aggression revisited again
Nader's raid on the testing industry
Nader's raid on the testing industry
TV violence and aggression revisited again
Counterintuitive??? Preferences in Health-Related Quality-of-Life Measurement
The published preferences for scale steps in a health-related quality-of-life scale have been noted to be contrary to some prior assumptions about their rank ordering. The differences noted are actually statistically nonsignificant, and the observed ordering has a clear intuitive explanation. Several alternative explanations, including vagueness in the case descriptions, inaccuracy in the scaling method, the presence of interactions in the subjec…
Brief Cognitive and Relaxation Training Increases Tolerance for a Painful Clinical Electromyographic Examination
We examined the effect of cognitive and/or relaxation training on the tolerance for a painful one and one-half hour clinical electromyographic (EMG) examination, which includes multiple electric shocks to nerves and multiple insertions of needle electrodes into muscles. Four groups of 10 males each received training as follows: (i) cognitive only, (ii) relaxation only, (iii) cognitive plus relaxation, and (iv) neither cognitive nor relaxation (co…
Do Category Rating Scales Produce Biased Preference Weights for a Health Index
Category rating scales are frequently used to measure social preferences in health decision models. The use of category rating scale methods has been questioned because subjects allegedly attempt to use rating scale categories equally often. This results in scale values that are contingent upon the context in which a stimulus is presented. In Experiment 1, subjects were randomly divided into five groups that rated a series of health case descript…
The connection between clinical health promotion and health status
The connection between clinical health promotion and health status
The Costs and Effects of Behavioral Programs in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
This paper uses a General Health Policy Model to determine the cost-effectiveness of an experimental behavioral program for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients were randomly assigned to either experimental or control groups, and only those in the experimental groups were given the behavioral strategies. Health status information was collected over 18 months, and the Health Policy Model translated program outcomes …
Behavioral Epidemiology, Health Promotion, and Health Services
From the Center for Behavioral Medicine, San Diego State University and Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of California, San Diego
Health promotion and coronary heart disease
Health promotion and coronary heart disease
Health promotion and coronary heart disease
The cost-utility of diet and exercise interventions in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
Substantial evidence suggests that obesity is associated with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and that weight reduction precedes improvements in glucose intolerance. However, achieving weight loss requires labour-intensive behavioural interventions. We evaluated the cost-utility of behavioural interventions in an experimental study of 76 NIDDM adults. In comparison with an education control group, adults randomly assigned to a die…
New health promotion indicators
This article provides an overview of a general health policy model and associated measures of health status. It describes some pervasive issues in health measurement, the applications of the model in screening, prevention and in tertiary care and discusses the studies of cost-benefit and cost-utility in policy analysis. The author gives examples from primary, secondary and tertiary prevention studies that suggest the general applicability of the …
The Quality of Well-Being Scale
The Quality of Well-being (QWB) Scale combines preference-weighted measures of symptoms and functioning to provide a numerical point in-time expression of well-being that ranges from zero (0) for death to 1.0 for asymptomatic optimum functioning. The QWB includes three scales of function: mobility, physical activity, and social activity. Each step of these scales is associated with preference weights. Preference adjustments for symptoms are also …
Interday Reliability of Function Assessment for a Health Status Measure
Anderson, John P. PhD; Kaplan, Robert M. PhD; Berry, Charles C. PhD; Bush, James W. MD; Rumbaut, Ruben G. PhD Author Information
Using Composite Health Status Measures to Assess the Nation??s Health
Research in progress at the National Center for Health Statistics for evaluating the usefulness of composite measures of health status for assessing the nation's health is described. Three measures suitable for use in the general population, the Health Insurance Experiment-Functional Limitations (HIE-FL), the Health Utility Index (HUI), and the Quality of Well-being (QWB) scale, have been mapped to data collected in the 1980 National Health Inter…
Medicine (45 obras) · Psychology (38 obras) · Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life (21 obras) · Gerontology (20 obras) · Nursing (19 obras) · Political science (17 obras) · Environmental health (14 obras) · Internal Medicine (14 obras) · Gerontology (12 obras) · Internal Medicine (12 obras)