Allan F Williams
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3787906 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Allan F Williams |
| NOMBRES | Allan F |
| APELLIDO | Williams |
| FIRMA | WILLIAMS A F |
| AFILIACIONES | Insurance Institute for Highway Safety |
| VERIFICADO | No |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 30 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 67 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 30 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1964 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1999 |
| ÍNDICE H | 5 |
Effects of ignition interlock license restrictions on drivers with multiple alcohol offenses
OBJECTIVES: This investigation sought to test the effectiveness of a statewide ignition interlock license restriction program for drivers with multiple alcohol-related traffic offenses. METHODS: A total of 1387 multiple offenders eligible for license reinstatement were randomly assigned to participate in an ignition interlock program (experimental group) or in the conventional postlicensing treatment program (control group). The arrest rates of t…
Injury control
Psychologists are inadequately represented in the injury control field, despite the size of the problem and the importance of behavioral factors in injury. Using motor vehicle injuries as an example, this article discusses modern injury control principles and the role psychologists can play in injury reduction
Injury control
Seat belt use on interstate highways
More than 5,000 miles of limited-access highways in the eastern United States and Canada were traveled to observe seat belt use. Overall belt use was 58 percent in the United States and 79 percent in Canada. The data indicate that belt use in the United States follows a different pattern on interstate highways than on other streets and roads, with relatively high belt use rates (over 50 percent) appearing to be somewhat independent of belt use la…
Seat belt use in cars with air bags
Seat belt use was observed in 1,628 cars with air bags and manual belts and 34,223 cars with manual seat belts only. Sixty-six percent of drivers in cars with air bags wore seat belts compared to 63 percent of drivers in cars with manual belts only. The study found no evidence for the speculation that drivers with air bags will reduce their seat belt use because they believe an air bag alone provides sufficient protection
Seat belt use law enforcement and publicity in Elmira, New York
A three-week belt use law publicity and enforcement campaign in Elmira, New York, in November 1985, increased use from 49 per cent to 77 per cent; four months later belt use was 66 per cent. A reminder program, in April 1986, increased belt use to 80 per cent; use declined to 69 per cent four months later and to 60 per cent eight months later. Throughout these periods, belt use in Glens Falls, a comparison community, remained stable at just over …
Long-term effects of losing a spouse or child in a motor vehicle crash
In this article we examine the long-term effects of the sudden, unexpected loss of a spouse or child. In the spouse study, interviews were conducted with 39 individuals who had lost a spouse in a motor vehicle crash 4 to 7 years ago and with 39 matched controls. In the parent study, interviews were conducted with 41 parents who had lost a child in a crash and with 41 matched controls. Control respondents were matched to bereaved respondents case-…
Child restraint laws
The limiting effects of exemptions to the coverage of child restraint laws were estimated by determining the extent to which the laws would have applied to child motor vehicle occupants, ages 0-5 years, killed before the laws were passed (1976-80). The 50 state laws would have exempted about 39 per cent of child motor vehicle occupants less than 6 years of age killed in the years immediately preceding enactment of the laws. Of those children kill…
Seat belt use laws and occupant crash protection in the United States
Current federal rule-making requires restraints such as air bags or automatic seat belts in new cars starting with model year 1987 unless states with two-thirds of the United States population enact seat belt use laws meeting certain criteria. Belt use laws have been enacted by 26 states and the District of Columbia as of July 1, 1986. The first laws to go into effect increased use from less than 20 per cent to 50-70 per cent in the first month; …
Driver licensing age and lifestyles of 16 year olds
The relationship of driver licensure rate differences to 16 year old lifestyles was assessed by surveying 15 and 16 year olds in New York, Michigan, and New Jersey. Michigan 16 year olds reported the highest rates of licensure (56 per cent), whereas New York (14 per cent licensed) and New Jersey (2 per cent licensed) had much lower rates. Teenagers in Michigan reported greater decreases in use of bicycles and reliance on parents and relatives for…
Parental role in teenage driving
The Effect of Curfew Laws on Motor Vehicle Crashes
Twelve states in the U.S. have curfew laws, which prohibit young drivers from operating motor vehicles during late evening or early morning hours. The effect of such laws on motor vehicle crashes was studied in four of these states. In each state the laws were found substantially to reduce the crashes of sixteen year olds. Sixteen year old driver crash involvements during curfew hours were reduced by an estimated 69 percent in Pennsylvania, 62 pe…
Teenage Drivers and Fatal Crash Responsibility
Data from national files on fatal crashes are analyzed to reveal that young drivers, especially sixteen and seventeen year olds, are more often responsible for fatal crashes than are older drivers. This is particularly the case for young males. Moreover, those killed in crashes for which teenagers are responsible are disproportionately people other than the teenaged drivers. A possible explanation for these facts lies in the “macho” culture of te…
Passenger car size and driver seat belt use
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) claims, on the basis of survey results, that seat belt use in small cars is twice as high as in large cars. The agency interprets this as being due in part to perceptions of higher risk by small car occupants. In fact, little is known about the factors motivating belt use, including whether risk perception is important. A reanalysis of the NHTSA data indicates that most of the differences…
The Tennessee child restraint law in its third year
Observations of child travel were made in Knoxville and Nashville, Tennessee, and Lexington and Louisville, Kentucky about two and one-half years after the Tennessee child restraint law went into force. Use of child restraints anchored by seat belts increased in Tennessee from 8 per cent prior to the law to 29 per cent, compared to a change from 11 to 14 per cent in Kentucky, which does not have a child restraint law. Travel in arms, a hazardous …
Fatal falls and jumps from motor vehicles
In 1978, 345 persons were killed in the United States in jumps and falls from non-crashing motor vehicles: 64 per cent fell; 15 per cent jumped; and it was not known whether the other 21 per cent jumped or fell. Two hundred and one people had been traveling on the exterior of vehicles, especially truck beds, and almost all of these people fell from their vehicles. The other 144 fatalities involved people in passenger compartments. Many of the fal…
Evaluation of the Rhode Island Child Restraint Law
In Rhode Island, a law went into force July 1, 1980, requiring drivers to transport children who are in the front seats of vehicles in properly used child restraints. In the fourth month of the law, restraint use and travel in rear seats had increased moderately; the net result was an increase in proper restraint use in rear seats (11 to 23 per cent) and a decrease in unrestrained, front seat travel (41 to 26 per cent). (Am J Public Health 1981;7…
Evaluation of the Tennessee Child Restraint Law
In Tennessee a law came into force January 1, 1978 requiring parents to use child restraints properly when transporting their children who are less than four years old. Alternatively, the law permits children to be held in arms, a practice known to be hazardous rather than protective. Before and after the law went into force, observations were made of children in cars exiting from shopping centers in Knoxville and Nashville, Tennessee, and in Lex…
Choice of Practice Location
Geographic maldistribution of dentists is an important aspect of the current and projected dental manpower shortage. In an effort to understand some of the factors associated with dentists' choice of practice location, approximately 2,400 dentists who graduated from selected dental schools during 1950, 1955, and 1960 through 1965, were surveyed and the relationship between their current practice location, their place of residence at the time of a…
Personality and Other Characteristics Associated with Cigarette Smoking Among Young Teenagers
Berelson, Bernard. 1952 Content Analysis in Communication Research. Glencoe: Free Press. Budd, Richard, Robert K. Thorp and Lewis Donohew. 1967 Content Analysis of Communication. New York: Macmillan. Edwards, Allan C. 1957 Techniques of Attitude Scale Construction. New York: Appleton-CenturyCrofts. Kerlinger, Fred N. 1964 Foundations of Behavioral Research. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Metsch, Jonathan M., and James E. Veney. A model of …
Incidence of Alcoholism in a State Mental Hospital Population
Among new admissions to a state mental hospital, 30% were diagnosed as alcoholics. Study of their drinking histories indicated that an additional 19% were probably alcoholics
Personality Self-Descriptions of Alcoholics and Heavy Drinkers
Heavy drinkers as well as alcoholics in several samples scored in the same direction on a variety of tests of personality characteristics. The indicated characteristics may thus identify a heavy-drinking personality syndrome which antecedes alcoholism
Motivation of Dentists to Expand Their Practice
Williams, Allan F. Ph.D.; Wechsler, Henry Ph.D.; Avery, Mary H. M.P.H. Author Information
Dental Manpower in an Urban Area
The critical health manpower problem in the United States is most evident in the field of dental health. Shortages of dentists are projected, due to rising population and income levels. This inadequacy will be accentuated by third-part payments, like Medicaid. The dental manpower situation in the Boston metropolitan area was assessed. It was found that towns that have low socioeconomic levels, compared with towns that have higher socioceonomic le…
Psychological Needs and Social Drinking among College Students
Evaluation of the Tennessee Child Restraint Law
In Tennessee a law came into force January 1, 1978 requiring parents to use child restraints properly when transporting their children who are less than four years old. Alternatively, the law permits children to be held in arms, a practice known to be hazardous rather than protective. Before and after the law went into force, observations were made of children in cars exiting from shopping centers in Knoxville and Nashville, Tennessee, and in Lex…
The Effect of Curfew Laws on Motor Vehicle Crashes
Twelve states in the U.S. have curfew laws, which prohibit young drivers from operating motor vehicles during late evening or early morning hours. The effect of such laws on motor vehicle crashes was studied in four of these states. In each state the laws were found substantially to reduce the crashes of sixteen year olds. Sixteen year old driver crash involvements during curfew hours were reduced by an estimated 69 percent in Pennsylvania, 62 pe…
The Tennessee child restraint law in its third year
Observations of child travel were made in Knoxville and Nashville, Tennessee, and Lexington and Louisville, Kentucky about two and one-half years after the Tennessee child restraint law went into force. Use of child restraints anchored by seat belts increased in Tennessee from 8 per cent prior to the law to 29 per cent, compared to a change from 11 to 14 per cent in Kentucky, which does not have a child restraint law. Travel in arms, a hazardous …
Child restraint laws
The limiting effects of exemptions to the coverage of child restraint laws were estimated by determining the extent to which the laws would have applied to child motor vehicle occupants, ages 0-5 years, killed before the laws were passed (1976-80). The 50 state laws would have exempted about 39 per cent of child motor vehicle occupants less than 6 years of age killed in the years immediately preceding enactment of the laws. Of those children kill…
Seat belt use laws and occupant crash protection in the United States
Current federal rule-making requires restraints such as air bags or automatic seat belts in new cars starting with model year 1987 unless states with two-thirds of the United States population enact seat belt use laws meeting certain criteria. Belt use laws have been enacted by 26 states and the District of Columbia as of July 1, 1986. The first laws to go into effect increased use from less than 20 per cent to 50-70 per cent in the first month; …
Teenage Drivers and Fatal Crash Responsibility
Data from national files on fatal crashes are analyzed to reveal that young drivers, especially sixteen and seventeen year olds, are more often responsible for fatal crashes than are older drivers. This is particularly the case for young males. Moreover, those killed in crashes for which teenagers are responsible are disproportionately people other than the teenaged drivers. A possible explanation for these facts lies in the “macho” culture of te…
Effects of ignition interlock license restrictions on drivers with multiple alcohol offenses
OBJECTIVES: This investigation sought to test the effectiveness of a statewide ignition interlock license restriction program for drivers with multiple alcohol-related traffic offenses. METHODS: A total of 1387 multiple offenders eligible for license reinstatement were randomly assigned to participate in an ignition interlock program (experimental group) or in the conventional postlicensing treatment program (control group). The arrest rates of t…
Evaluation of the Rhode Island Child Restraint Law
In Rhode Island, a law went into force July 1, 1980, requiring drivers to transport children who are in the front seats of vehicles in properly used child restraints. In the fourth month of the law, restraint use and travel in rear seats had increased moderately; the net result was an increase in proper restraint use in rear seats (11 to 23 per cent) and a decrease in unrestrained, front seat travel (41 to 26 per cent). (Am J Public Health 1981;7…
Personality and Other Characteristics Associated with Cigarette Smoking Among Young Teenagers
Berelson, Bernard. 1952 Content Analysis in Communication Research. Glencoe: Free Press. Budd, Richard, Robert K. Thorp and Lewis Donohew. 1967 Content Analysis of Communication. New York: Macmillan. Edwards, Allan C. 1957 Techniques of Attitude Scale Construction. New York: Appleton-CenturyCrofts. Kerlinger, Fred N. 1964 Foundations of Behavioral Research. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Metsch, Jonathan M., and James E. Veney. A model of …
Seat belt use law enforcement and publicity in Elmira, New York
A three-week belt use law publicity and enforcement campaign in Elmira, New York, in November 1985, increased use from 49 per cent to 77 per cent; four months later belt use was 66 per cent. A reminder program, in April 1986, increased belt use to 80 per cent; use declined to 69 per cent four months later and to 60 per cent eight months later. Throughout these periods, belt use in Glens Falls, a comparison community, remained stable at just over …
Long-term effects of losing a spouse or child in a motor vehicle crash
In this article we examine the long-term effects of the sudden, unexpected loss of a spouse or child. In the spouse study, interviews were conducted with 39 individuals who had lost a spouse in a motor vehicle crash 4 to 7 years ago and with 39 matched controls. In the parent study, interviews were conducted with 41 parents who had lost a child in a crash and with 41 matched controls. Control respondents were matched to bereaved respondents case-…
Driver licensing age and lifestyles of 16 year olds
The relationship of driver licensure rate differences to 16 year old lifestyles was assessed by surveying 15 and 16 year olds in New York, Michigan, and New Jersey. Michigan 16 year olds reported the highest rates of licensure (56 per cent), whereas New York (14 per cent licensed) and New Jersey (2 per cent licensed) had much lower rates. Teenagers in Michigan reported greater decreases in use of bicycles and reliance on parents and relatives for…
Parental role in teenage driving
Social drinking, anxiety, and depression
Interpersonal sensitivity under motive arousing conditions
Interpersonal sensitivity under motive arousing conditions
Self-Concepts of College Problem Drinkers. 1. A Comparison with Alcoholics
Social drinking, anxiety, and depression
Self-Concepts of College Problem Drinkers. 2. Heilbrun Need Scales
In this second study of the self-concepts of college problem drinkers, 3 samples of male college students (N=295) from 2 New England and 2 New York State colleges completed the Gough Adjective Check List and a 13-item problem-drinking questionnaire developed by Park. In each sample the top and bottom scorers on the problem-drinking measure were classified as problem and nonproblem drinkers. On the 15 need scales developed by Heilbrun from the adj…
Psychological Needs and Social Drinking among College Students
Philosophy and Evaluation of an Alcohol Education Program
Dental Manpower in an Urban Area
The critical health manpower problem in the United States is most evident in the field of dental health. Shortages of dentists are projected, due to rising population and income levels. This inadequacy will be accentuated by third-part payments, like Medicaid. The dental manpower situation in the Boston metropolitan area was assessed. It was found that towns that have low socioeconomic levels, compared with towns that have higher socioceonomic le…
Motivation of Dentists to Expand Their Practice
Williams, Allan F. Ph.D.; Wechsler, Henry Ph.D.; Avery, Mary H. M.P.H. Author Information
Incidence of Alcoholism in a State Mental Hospital Population
Among new admissions to a state mental hospital, 30% were diagnosed as alcoholics. Study of their drinking histories indicated that an additional 19% were probably alcoholics
Personality Self-Descriptions of Alcoholics and Heavy Drinkers
Heavy drinkers as well as alcoholics in several samples scored in the same direction on a variety of tests of personality characteristics. The indicated characteristics may thus identify a heavy-drinking personality syndrome which antecedes alcoholism
Choice of Practice Location
Geographic maldistribution of dentists is an important aspect of the current and projected dental manpower shortage. In an effort to understand some of the factors associated with dentists' choice of practice location, approximately 2,400 dentists who graduated from selected dental schools during 1950, 1955, and 1960 through 1965, were surveyed and the relationship between their current practice location, their place of residence at the time of a…
Personality and Other Characteristics Associated with Cigarette Smoking Among Young Teenagers
Berelson, Bernard. 1952 Content Analysis in Communication Research. Glencoe: Free Press. Budd, Richard, Robert K. Thorp and Lewis Donohew. 1967 Content Analysis of Communication. New York: Macmillan. Edwards, Allan C. 1957 Techniques of Attitude Scale Construction. New York: Appleton-CenturyCrofts. Kerlinger, Fred N. 1964 Foundations of Behavioral Research. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Metsch, Jonathan M., and James E. Veney. A model of …
Evaluation of the Tennessee Child Restraint Law
In Tennessee a law came into force January 1, 1978 requiring parents to use child restraints properly when transporting their children who are less than four years old. Alternatively, the law permits children to be held in arms, a practice known to be hazardous rather than protective. Before and after the law went into force, observations were made of children in cars exiting from shopping centers in Knoxville and Nashville, Tennessee, and in Lex…
The Tennessee child restraint law in its third year
Observations of child travel were made in Knoxville and Nashville, Tennessee, and Lexington and Louisville, Kentucky about two and one-half years after the Tennessee child restraint law went into force. Use of child restraints anchored by seat belts increased in Tennessee from 8 per cent prior to the law to 29 per cent, compared to a change from 11 to 14 per cent in Kentucky, which does not have a child restraint law. Travel in arms, a hazardous …
Fatal falls and jumps from motor vehicles
In 1978, 345 persons were killed in the United States in jumps and falls from non-crashing motor vehicles: 64 per cent fell; 15 per cent jumped; and it was not known whether the other 21 per cent jumped or fell. Two hundred and one people had been traveling on the exterior of vehicles, especially truck beds, and almost all of these people fell from their vehicles. The other 144 fatalities involved people in passenger compartments. Many of the fal…
Evaluation of the Rhode Island Child Restraint Law
In Rhode Island, a law went into force July 1, 1980, requiring drivers to transport children who are in the front seats of vehicles in properly used child restraints. In the fourth month of the law, restraint use and travel in rear seats had increased moderately; the net result was an increase in proper restraint use in rear seats (11 to 23 per cent) and a decrease in unrestrained, front seat travel (41 to 26 per cent). (Am J Public Health 1981;7…
Passenger car size and driver seat belt use
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) claims, on the basis of survey results, that seat belt use in small cars is twice as high as in large cars. The agency interprets this as being due in part to perceptions of higher risk by small car occupants. In fact, little is known about the factors motivating belt use, including whether risk perception is important. A reanalysis of the NHTSA data indicates that most of the differences…
The Effect of Curfew Laws on Motor Vehicle Crashes
Twelve states in the U.S. have curfew laws, which prohibit young drivers from operating motor vehicles during late evening or early morning hours. The effect of such laws on motor vehicle crashes was studied in four of these states. In each state the laws were found substantially to reduce the crashes of sixteen year olds. Sixteen year old driver crash involvements during curfew hours were reduced by an estimated 69 percent in Pennsylvania, 62 pe…
Teenage Drivers and Fatal Crash Responsibility
Data from national files on fatal crashes are analyzed to reveal that young drivers, especially sixteen and seventeen year olds, are more often responsible for fatal crashes than are older drivers. This is particularly the case for young males. Moreover, those killed in crashes for which teenagers are responsible are disproportionately people other than the teenaged drivers. A possible explanation for these facts lies in the “macho” culture of te…
Driver licensing age and lifestyles of 16 year olds
The relationship of driver licensure rate differences to 16 year old lifestyles was assessed by surveying 15 and 16 year olds in New York, Michigan, and New Jersey. Michigan 16 year olds reported the highest rates of licensure (56 per cent), whereas New York (14 per cent licensed) and New Jersey (2 per cent licensed) had much lower rates. Teenagers in Michigan reported greater decreases in use of bicycles and reliance on parents and relatives for…
Parental role in teenage driving
Child restraint laws
The limiting effects of exemptions to the coverage of child restraint laws were estimated by determining the extent to which the laws would have applied to child motor vehicle occupants, ages 0-5 years, killed before the laws were passed (1976-80). The 50 state laws would have exempted about 39 per cent of child motor vehicle occupants less than 6 years of age killed in the years immediately preceding enactment of the laws. Of those children kill…
Seat belt use laws and occupant crash protection in the United States
Current federal rule-making requires restraints such as air bags or automatic seat belts in new cars starting with model year 1987 unless states with two-thirds of the United States population enact seat belt use laws meeting certain criteria. Belt use laws have been enacted by 26 states and the District of Columbia as of July 1, 1986. The first laws to go into effect increased use from less than 20 per cent to 50-70 per cent in the first month; …
Seat belt use law enforcement and publicity in Elmira, New York
A three-week belt use law publicity and enforcement campaign in Elmira, New York, in November 1985, increased use from 49 per cent to 77 per cent; four months later belt use was 66 per cent. A reminder program, in April 1986, increased belt use to 80 per cent; use declined to 69 per cent four months later and to 60 per cent eight months later. Throughout these periods, belt use in Glens Falls, a comparison community, remained stable at just over …
Long-term effects of losing a spouse or child in a motor vehicle crash
In this article we examine the long-term effects of the sudden, unexpected loss of a spouse or child. In the spouse study, interviews were conducted with 39 individuals who had lost a spouse in a motor vehicle crash 4 to 7 years ago and with 39 matched controls. In the parent study, interviews were conducted with 41 parents who had lost a child in a crash and with 41 matched controls. Control respondents were matched to bereaved respondents case-…
Medicine (26 obras) · Psychology (17 obras) · Poison control (16 obras) · Injury prevention (14 obras) · Environmental health (12 obras) · Political science (11 obras) · Engineering (10 obras) · Law (10 obras) · Sociology (10 obras) · Demography (9 obras)