Petter Gottschalk
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3799407 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Petter Gottschalk |
| NOMBRES | Petter |
| APELLIDO | Gottschalk |
| FIRMA | GOTTSCHALK P |
| AFILIACIONES | BI Norwegian Business School |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8120-0308 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 81 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 156 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 82 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2002 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
The Convenience of Fraud in the Art Market
This article develops an integrated perspective on art market fraud by combining convenience theory with insights from organizational esthetics. While convenience theory explains white-collar crime through motive, opportunity, and willingness, we argue that in symbolic markets these dimensions are shaped by aestheticized forms of legitimacy, including spatial, sensory, and atmospheric cues. Drawing on a Norwegian art dealer case, the analysis sho…
Corruption, Criminal Justice, and Compliance in Sport
This book takes an in-depth look at corruption in sport and its intersection with criminal justice and governance processes. Focused on the high-profile case of alleged corruption in the International Biathlon Union (IBU), the book draws important conclusions for criminal justice as well as reform in sport and for the investigation and prosecution of white-collar crime. Adopting an innovative analytical framework based on convenience theory, the …
Trusted Chief Executives in Convenient White-Collar Crime
Convenience exists in the financial motive, the organizational opportunity, and the personal willingness for deviant behavior. These three themes can result in 14 convenience propositions as presented in this article. In cases where an offender is detected, the offense can be examined by identifying relevant convenience issues in the structural model of crime convenience. Not all of the 14 issues will be relevant to create a narrative of one spec…
Violations of the Social License to Operate
Traditionally, white-collar and corporate crime research has focused on the role of the criminal justice system in prosecuting and punishing offenders and offenses. The frequent lack of prosecution and punishment has been explained by various theoretical perspectives that reflect the legal license to operate. However, the emerging perspective of the social license to operate illustrates punishment at violations that can cause termination of execu…
To What Extent Is White-Collar Crime Understandable? An Empirical Study of Determinants Based on the Theory of Convenience
White-collar crimes (WCC) or financial crimes (FC) are the crimes that are linked with the top-level management representatives who are responsible to make the right decisions for the better functioning of the organization, these individuals are highly respectable as they hold a position of high repute. However, when the same individuals either under the pressure of performance or personal issues misuse the power and control vested on them due to…
The Transfer of Meaningfulness from Leaders to Followers as Partners in Crime
Characteristics of Crime Convenience
This article presents a review of the research addressing the seriousness of corporate crime and the convenience for corporate offenders. Insights from this review are important as detection and prevention of corporate crime is dependent on addressing convenience issues for offenders. The perspective in this article suggests that convenience is a matter of avoiding strain and pain, saving time and efforts, overcoming barriers where the fences are…
When Economic Sanctions Cause White-Collar and Corporate Crime
Sanctions have criminalizing consequences. This paper addresses the issue of Russian businesses attempting to circumvent and evade sanctions by white-collar and corporate crime. The case presented in this paper concerns a Norwegian smolt production facility owned by Russians, who suddenly transferred ownership to a Norwegian because of the sanctions. It seemed that the Russians remained the real owners since the Norwegian paid nothing for the sha…
Understanding Business Offenders
Understanding Business Offenders
Understanding Business Offenders
Moving beyond the Emancipation Hypothesis
Impression management following investigation and prosecution scandal in Norwegian police
This article presents research regarding impression management following a white-collar investigation and prosecution scandal by the National Authority for Investigation and Prosecution of Economic and Environmental Crime in Norway.The authority issued 39 press releases in one year, which communicate focus on less serious crime cases combined with deterrence by taking on cases without ever bringing them to court.Deterrence strategy by investigati…
Workplace Deviance Investigations
This article presents a case study from Norway that supplements previous research in other jurisdictions such as Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom regarding lack of justice when corporate investigators conduct internal examinations in client organizations. The case is concerned with a university researcher who was investigated after allegations of violating the national working environment act. Investigators applied likel…
The American Dream
This article presents a sample of ten American dreamers who demonstrated convenient deviance. The sample is derived from publicly available sources such as autobiographies by dreamers, media coverage, and investigation reports. The sample consists of four dreamers in the USA, two dreamers in Germany, and one dreamer in each of the countries India, Sweden, Norway, and Greece. While not at all claiming that the sample is representative of dreamers …
Perceptions of Potential White-Collar Criminals in Romania
This article presents survey research in Romania to identify support or lack of support for propositions in convenience theory as they relate to motive, opportunity, and willingness. The research is important, as convenience propositions that might find strong support among respondents indicate areas for reduction in convenience as a measure to prevent and detect white-collar crime. Convenience is a concept not only associated with savings in tim…
Convenience Theory and Cybercrime Opportunity
The private nature of business creates opportunities for financial crimes. Convenience theory suggests that opportunity, accompanied by a willingness and motive, explains financial crimes. Newer technologies have created similar private environments, which allow for criminal behavior. For example, cryptocurrencies offer a new way of generating anonymous financial transactions. This paper explores criminal opportunity using cryptocurrency and conv…
Trusted White-Collar Defendants
This book investigates how offenders of white-collar crime across the world misuse legal loopholes in the courtroom.
Fraud Examinations in White-Collar Crime Investigations
This book reviews a range of reports written by fraud examiners after completing internal investigations. These reports are normally kept secret and are the property of client organizations, which do not wish to disclose potential wrongdoing that can harm the reputation of the businesses. Fraud Examinations in White-Collar Crime Investigations was able to retrieve several recent reports, including foreign aid kickbacks, Russian favors to the Biat…
White Collar Crime
White collar crime is economically motivated crime committed by individuals in privileged positions in business and public organizations. Crime is committed by abuse of trust to benefit the individual by occupational crime or to benefit the organization by corporate crime. Perceived seriousness of white collar crime has been studied as a factor that can influence the involvement or lack of involvement of the criminal justice system. The theory of…
Attorney Fraud in the Law Firm
This article starts with a brief review of law firm business. Next, crime convenience theory is applied to the case by identifying relevant convenience themes for financial motive, organizational opportunity, and personal willingness. Then, a brief application of crime signal detection theory is presented. In the discussion, governance in the form of restrictions based on convenience theory is discussed. Prevention and detection of wrongdoing is …
Testing Convenience Theory for White-collar Crime
Convenience theory is a novel, integrated theory aimed at explaining criminal behavior, with a particular focus on white-collar crime. The current study represents a preliminary test of this theory through a survey of student perceptions of financial crimes committed by business leaders and executives. Four dimensions of the theory, including justifications, motivations, opportunities, and willingness to commit crime, are examined using an intern…
Crime Signal Detection Theory
The objective of this article is to present a study of two observers turning into whistleblowers through stages of crime signal detection, registration, interpretation, reception, and knowledge. The study applies signal detection theory emphasizing signal alertness, signal reflection, pattern recognition, and personal knowledge. The research method applied is personal interviews with the whistleblowers who noticed deviant behavior, one of which b…
Gender and Crime
Traditionally, research on the gender fraction of women in white-collar crime has focused on female lack of financial motive, organizational opportunity, and personal willingness for deviant behavior. This article applies the opposite perspective of traditional gender research on white-collar crime in terms of special female motive, opportunity, and willingness. This article challenges prior research regarding female involvement in white-collar c…
Empirical Testing of an Integrated Criminological Theory
This paper presents the integrated theory of convenience with its dimensions and structural model. Convenience statements derive from the structural model. The research suggests that offenders will find crime more convenient than non-offenders will. One hundred and eleven business students were either potential offenders or non-offenders based on their responses in survey research. Business students who found it understandable that top executives…
Convenience in White-Collar Crime
This article is concerned with white-collar criminals and considers the role of convenience in explaining crime occurrence. The article puts forward convenience as a theoretical concept that underlies existing theories and research on white-collar crime. Convenience seems present in all three dimensions of crime: economic dimension, organizational dimension, and behavioral dimension. Convenience in white-collar crime implies savings in time and e…
Maturity levels for interoperability in digital government
Reasons for Gaps in Crime Reporting
A private investigation is an examination of facts, sequence of events, causes for deviance, and responsibilities for negative incidents. Recent years have seen an increasing use of private internal investigations in terms of the assessment of financial irregularities. The form of inquiry aims to uncover vulnerabilities to unrestricted opportunities, failing internal controls, abuse of position, and any financial misconduct such as corruption, fr…
Performance evaluation of police oversight agencies
Police oversight agencies are watchdog bodies for citizens and societies, designed to ensure that the police are operating with integrity and accountability. However, performance indicators for such agencies are hard to find, meaning that evaluation and reflection over trial and errors within the police force are difficult to learn from. Or, in other words, it is challenging to learn through and from unwanted police practice without more predicta…
Gender and white-collar crime in Norway
Gender and White-Collar Crime
We find support for the idea that gender affects target selection when committing white-collar crime. Based on the theory of convenience, we argue that male and female offenders vary in their perceptions of convenience when considering alternative categories of crime and alternative categories of victims. We obtained data from Utah's White Collar Crime Offender Registry. Individuals in the state of Utah who are convicted of a second-degree white-…
Empirical Study of Convenience Theory
Convenience theory suggests that members of the elite in society commit financial crime in their professional roles when alternative actions require too much effort. Convenience is a relative concept where white-collar crime is chosen over legitimate actions when there is a strong economical motive, ample organizational opportunities, and acceptance of deviant behavior. To study convenience theory, a group of students were asked to express their …
Testing Convenience Theory for White-collar Crime
Convenience theory is a novel, integrated theory aimed at explaining criminal behavior, with a particular focus on white-collar crime. The current study represents a preliminary test of this theory through a survey of student perceptions of financial crimes committed by business leaders and executives. Four dimensions of the theory, including justifications, motivations, opportunities, and willingness to commit crime, are examined using an intern…
Modeling the Theoretical Structure of Deviant Convenience in White-Collar Crime
The research literature on the white-collar crime phenomenon has accumulated for several decades. This article attempts to organize important research contributions under the umbrella term of convenience, which implies savings in time and effort, as well as avoidance of pain and obstacles. The theoretical structure is first broken down into the motive of financial gain, the organizational opportunity, and the personal willingness for deviant beha…
Empirical Evidence of Convenience Theory
Convenience theory attempts to integrate various theoretical explanations for the occurrence of white-collar crime. Convenience theory suggests that organizational opportunity to commit and conceal financial crime is at the core of deviant behavior to avoid threats and exploit possibilities. This article presents an empirical test of convenience theory by content analysis of investigation reports by fraud examiners. Empirical evidence suggests th…
Convenience Theory and Cybercrime Opportunity
The private nature of business creates opportunities for financial crimes. Convenience theory suggests that opportunity, accompanied by a willingness and motive, explains financial crimes. Newer technologies have created similar private environments, which allow for criminal behavior. For example, cryptocurrencies offer a new way of generating anonymous financial transactions. This paper explores criminal opportunity using cryptocurrency and conv…
Gender and Crime
Traditionally, research on the gender fraction of women in white-collar crime has focused on female lack of financial motive, organizational opportunity, and personal willingness for deviant behavior. This article applies the opposite perspective of traditional gender research on white-collar crime in terms of special female motive, opportunity, and willingness. This article challenges prior research regarding female involvement in white-collar c…
Gender and white-collar crime
Using documentary research methodology, we collected empirical data from three national Norwegian newspapers to examine the issue of gender and white-collar crime to examine representations of women in the media. Only 8 out of the 179 white-collar criminals presented in Norwegian newspapers in the years from 2009 to 2011 were women. This low ratio mirrors the representation of women entrepreneurs per se in the media in general. Issues surrounding…
Attorney Fraud in the Law Firm
This article starts with a brief review of law firm business. Next, crime convenience theory is applied to the case by identifying relevant convenience themes for financial motive, organizational opportunity, and personal willingness. Then, a brief application of crime signal detection theory is presented. In the discussion, governance in the form of restrictions based on convenience theory is discussed. Prevention and detection of wrongdoing is …
Crime Signal Detection Theory
The objective of this article is to present a study of two observers turning into whistleblowers through stages of crime signal detection, registration, interpretation, reception, and knowledge. The study applies signal detection theory emphasizing signal alertness, signal reflection, pattern recognition, and personal knowledge. The research method applied is personal interviews with the whistleblowers who noticed deviant behavior, one of which b…
From Crime Convenience to Punishment Inconvenience
The theory of convenience suggests that white-collar offenders find it convenient to use illegitimate gain to explore possibilities and avoid threats. Furthermore, there is convenient access to resources to commit and financial crime, and offenders can conveniently justify crime and neutralize guilt feelings. This article extends the concept of convenience into the concept of inconvenience when white-collar offenders face detection, investigation…
Convenience orientation and white-collar criminogenity
The theory of convenience suggests that white-collar crime is committed in situations where alternative legitimate actions to avoid problems are more painful and stressful. The extent to which individuals in privileged positions choose to break the law in difficult situations is dependent on their convenience orientation. For example, people with a strong convenience orientation can have a tendency to believe that bankruptcy might be avoided thro…
Crime
White-Collar Crime and Police Crime
Crime and motive as predictors of jail sentence for police misconduct
Occupational culture as determinant of knowledge sharing and performance in police investigations
Characteristics of Crime Convenience
This article presents a review of the research addressing the seriousness of corporate crime and the convenience for corporate offenders. Insights from this review are important as detection and prevention of corporate crime is dependent on addressing convenience issues for offenders. The perspective in this article suggests that convenience is a matter of avoiding strain and pain, saving time and efforts, overcoming barriers where the fences are…
When Economic Sanctions Cause White-Collar and Corporate Crime
Sanctions have criminalizing consequences. This paper addresses the issue of Russian businesses attempting to circumvent and evade sanctions by white-collar and corporate crime. The case presented in this paper concerns a Norwegian smolt production facility owned by Russians, who suddenly transferred ownership to a Norwegian because of the sanctions. It seemed that the Russians remained the real owners since the Norwegian paid nothing for the sha…
Perceptions of Potential White-Collar Criminals in Romania
This article presents survey research in Romania to identify support or lack of support for propositions in convenience theory as they relate to motive, opportunity, and willingness. The research is important, as convenience propositions that might find strong support among respondents indicate areas for reduction in convenience as a measure to prevent and detect white-collar crime. Convenience is a concept not only associated with savings in tim…
Empirical Testing of an Integrated Criminological Theory
This paper presents the integrated theory of convenience with its dimensions and structural model. Convenience statements derive from the structural model. The research suggests that offenders will find crime more convenient than non-offenders will. One hundred and eleven business students were either potential offenders or non-offenders based on their responses in survey research. Business students who found it understandable that top executives…
Pricing public information
A paradox seems to emerge when public information is priced without associated costs of electronic distribution. This paper investigates this paradox in light of recent Norwegian government policymaking. The picture seems to be that neither pricing principles nor practices are consistent with information policies, technological advances or theories of information economics
Profiling police investigative thinking
Occupational culture as determinant of knowledge sharing and performance in police investigations
Remarks by the Guest Editors
Commentary on selection of articles in special issue : Local Research Links to Global Policing
Police officers’ professional knowledge
This paper documents knowledge applications by describing a total of 30 situations in policing where knowledge is required. In the discussion section, we allocate these knowledge applications to primary activities of the value shop. This research is important, because police knowledge tends to be implicit, tacit, and based on experience. To make knowledge available to colleagues and to promote knowledge‐sharing in general through different kinds …
Capturing knowledge of police investigations
The purpose of this paper is to articulate a set of interlinked research propositions about knowledge management systems in relation to police investigations and in particular the possibilities of capturing the investigative knowledge inherent in how experienced police understand the investigative process. Moreover, the paper addresses missing links in the literature between ‘know‐what’ and ‘know‐how’ relationships between knowledge management sy…
Organizational structure as predictor of intelligence strategy implementation in policing
Maturity levels for criminal organizations
Maturity model for email communication in knowledge organizations
Value configurations in organised crime
Based on the enterprise paradigm of organised crime, this article outlines how value configuration analysis might be applied to criminal organisations. Distinctions are made between value chains, value shops and value networks. In the value chain, police can follow flows of goods. In the value shop, police can follow knowledge work. In the value network, police can follow connections between actors. Based on this contingent approach to law enforc…
Maturity levels for interoperability in digital government
Entrepreneurship and Organised Crime
Entrepreneurship and Organised Crime provides a fresh and realistic insight into the problem of organised crime activity and the role of entrepreneurs in illegal business
Policing Organized Crime
Predictors of Police Crime Sentence
Organized Crime
Organized crime in the twenty-first century is a knowledge war that poses an incalculable global threat to the world economy and harm to society - the economic and social costs are estimated at upwards of L20 billion a year for the UK alone (SOCA 2006/7). Organized Crime: Policing Illegal Business Entrepreneurialism offers a unique approach to the tackling of this area by exploring how it works through the conceptual framework of a business enter…
Crime and motive as predictors of jail sentence for police misconduct
Stages of knowledge management systems in policing financial crime
Whistle-blowing in the police
It has been argued that police organizations make whistle-blowing very difficult. This paper reports from a study of all court cases against police employees in Norway in 2008. In the empirical study it was found that 30% of the cases originated from internal whistle-blowing while 70% of the cases originated from external complaints. Keywords: police oversightpolice complaintswhistle-blowercriminal courtNorway
Performance evaluation of police oversight agencies
Police oversight agencies are watchdog bodies for citizens and societies, designed to ensure that the police are operating with integrity and accountability. However, performance indicators for such agencies are hard to find, meaning that evaluation and reflection over trial and errors within the police force are difficult to learn from. Or, in other words, it is challenging to learn through and from unwanted police practice without more predicta…
Police criminality and neutralization
The prevalence of police deviance is a much-debated statistic and one that is often rife with problems. Based on 61 convicted police officers in Norway, court cases are analyzed in this paper to identify relationships between imprisonment days for convicted police officers and motive and brutality as determinants of each sentence. While there is a positive correlation found between severity of sentence and the extent of personal motive, there is …
White-collar criminals in Norway
White-Collar Crime and Police Crime
Financial Crime and Knowledge Workers
Financial Crime and Knowledge Workers examines the role of lawyers in court cases involving white-collar crimes, revealing fresh insights into the relationship between a lawyer's stature and a case's
Crime
Fraud Examiners in White-Collar Crime Investigations
In Fraud Examiners in White-Collar Crime Investigations, Petter Gottschalk examines and evaluates the investigative processes used to combat white-collar crime. He also presents a general theory regarding the economic, organizational, and behavioral dimensions of its perpetrators.Pool Your Resources for a Successful InvestigationGottschalk emphasiz
Criminology (64 obras) · Psychology (56 obras) · Political science (54 obras) · Business (42 obras) · Crime, Illicit Activities, and Governance (42 obras) · White-collar crime (41 obras) · Law (40 obras) · Crime Patterns and Interventions (34 obras) · Social Psychology (33 obras) · Collar (32 obras)