Steven Bird
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3843354 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Steven Bird |
| NOMBRES | Steven |
| APELLIDO | Bird |
| FIRMA | BIRD S |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Edinburgh |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-3782-7733 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 12 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 21 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 12 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1990 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 2 |
Understanding how language revitalisation works
Indigenous communities, linguists, teachers, and language activists have been developing methods to revitalise endangered languages over several decades. Not only are these methods diverse, they are usually implemented in various ways according to local needs and aspirations. Language revitalisation methods focus on proficiency, but there is also interest in strengthening identity, resilience, and wellbeing. Aside from a handful of successes, pro…
“We are reconciliators”
The notion that Indigenous tourism can advance reconciliation contrasts with prevailing ‘tourism as industry’ discourses. Commodification processes treat tourists as consumers, rather than as visitors to a place, or visitors to the people of a place. How can Indigenous tourism deliver sustainable benefits to the hosts and communities that receive visitors? This study adopts critical Indigenous methodology with constructivist grounded theory, as w…
Sparse Transcription
The transcription bottleneck is often cited as a major obstacle for efforts to document the world's endangered languages and supply them with language technologies. One solution is to extend methods from automatic speech recognition and machine translation, and recruit linguists to provide narrow phonetic transcriptions and sentence-aligned translations. However, I believe that these approaches are not a good fit with the available data and skill…
Natural Language Processing and Linguistic Fieldwork
March 2009 marked an important milestone: the First International Conference on Language Documentation and Conservation, held at the University of Hawai‘i.1 The scale of the event was striking, with five parallel tracks running over three days. The organizers coped magnificently with three times the expected participation (over 300). The buzz among the participants was that we were at the start of something big, that we were already part of a sig…
Seven Dimensions of Portability for Language Documentation and Description
The process of documenting and describing the world's languages is undergoing radical transformation with the rapid uptake of new digital technologies for capture, storage, annotation, and dissemination. While these technologies greatly enhance our ability to create digital data, their uncritical adoption has compromised our ability to preserve this data. Consequently, new digital language resources of all kinds-lexicons, interlinear texts, gramm…
Orthography and identity in Cameroon
The tone languages of sub-Saharan Africa raise challenging questions for the design of new writing systems. Marking too much or too little tone can have grave consequences for the usability of an orthography. Orthography development, past and present, rests on many sociolinguistic issues having little to do with the technical phonological concerns that usually preoccupy orthographers. Some of these issues are familiar from the spelling reforms wh…
Strategies for Representing Tone in African Writing Systems
Tone languages provide some interesting challenges for the designers of new orthographies. One approach is to omit tone marks, just as stress is not marked in English (zero marking). Another approach is to do phonemic tone analysis, and then make heavy use of diacritic symbols to distinguish the "tonemes" (shallow marking). While orthographies based on either system have been successful, this may be thanks to our ability to manage inadequate orth…
When Marking Tone Reduces Fluency
Should an alphabetic orthography for a tone language include tone marks? Opinion and practice are divided along three lines: zeromarking, phonemic marking and various reduced marking schemes. This paper examines the success of phonemic tone marking for Dschang, a Grassfields Bantu language which uses tone to distinguish lexical items and some grammatical constructions. Participants with a variety of ages and educational backgrounds, and having di…
Education and Media
Feature structures and indices
Hayes (1990) proposes the adoption of a new notation for representing hierarchical phonological structure, in response to a notational problem which he calls the DIPHTHONGISATION PARADOX. More generally, he seeks to find a replacement for the current method of depicting feature trees, which is not ideally suited to the clear expression of rules and derivations. While I am in complete agreement with this standpoint and fully support Hayes' asserti…
Presenting autosegmental phonology
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Phonological events
One of the major innovations within post-SPE generative phonology has been the development of frameworks where phonological units are organized in a non-linear fashion. Taking autosegmental phonology (Goldsmith, 1976) as our main exemplar of such frameworks, we wish to address the following question: What is the appropriate interpretation of autosegmental representations? There is, of course, a further question about what we mean by INTERPRETATIO…
Seven Dimensions of Portability for Language Documentation and Description
The process of documenting and describing the world's languages is undergoing radical transformation with the rapid uptake of new digital technologies for capture, storage, annotation, and dissemination. While these technologies greatly enhance our ability to create digital data, their uncritical adoption has compromised our ability to preserve this data. Consequently, new digital language resources of all kinds-lexicons, interlinear texts, gramm…
Phonological events
One of the major innovations within post-SPE generative phonology has been the development of frameworks where phonological units are organized in a non-linear fashion. Taking autosegmental phonology (Goldsmith, 1976) as our main exemplar of such frameworks, we wish to address the following question: What is the appropriate interpretation of autosegmental representations? There is, of course, a further question about what we mean by INTERPRETATIO…
Understanding how language revitalisation works
Indigenous communities, linguists, teachers, and language activists have been developing methods to revitalise endangered languages over several decades. Not only are these methods diverse, they are usually implemented in various ways according to local needs and aspirations. Language revitalisation methods focus on proficiency, but there is also interest in strengthening identity, resilience, and wellbeing. Aside from a handful of successes, pro…
Natural Language Processing and Linguistic Fieldwork
March 2009 marked an important milestone: the First International Conference on Language Documentation and Conservation, held at the University of Hawai‘i.1 The scale of the event was striking, with five parallel tracks running over three days. The organizers coped magnificently with three times the expected participation (over 300). The buzz among the participants was that we were at the start of something big, that we were already part of a sig…
When Marking Tone Reduces Fluency
Should an alphabetic orthography for a tone language include tone marks? Opinion and practice are divided along three lines: zeromarking, phonemic marking and various reduced marking schemes. This paper examines the success of phonemic tone marking for Dschang, a Grassfields Bantu language which uses tone to distinguish lexical items and some grammatical constructions. Participants with a variety of ages and educational backgrounds, and having di…
Sparse Transcription
The transcription bottleneck is often cited as a major obstacle for efforts to document the world's endangered languages and supply them with language technologies. One solution is to extend methods from automatic speech recognition and machine translation, and recruit linguists to provide narrow phonetic transcriptions and sentence-aligned translations. However, I believe that these approaches are not a good fit with the available data and skill…
Presenting autosegmental phonology
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Phonological events
One of the major innovations within post-SPE generative phonology has been the development of frameworks where phonological units are organized in a non-linear fashion. Taking autosegmental phonology (Goldsmith, 1976) as our main exemplar of such frameworks, we wish to address the following question: What is the appropriate interpretation of autosegmental representations? There is, of course, a further question about what we mean by INTERPRETATIO…
Feature structures and indices
Hayes (1990) proposes the adoption of a new notation for representing hierarchical phonological structure, in response to a notational problem which he calls the DIPHTHONGISATION PARADOX. More generally, he seeks to find a replacement for the current method of depicting feature trees, which is not ideally suited to the clear expression of rules and derivations. While I am in complete agreement with this standpoint and fully support Hayes' asserti…
Presenting autosegmental phonology
An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content
Education and Media
Strategies for Representing Tone in African Writing Systems
Tone languages provide some interesting challenges for the designers of new orthographies. One approach is to omit tone marks, just as stress is not marked in English (zero marking). Another approach is to do phonemic tone analysis, and then make heavy use of diacritic symbols to distinguish the "tonemes" (shallow marking). While orthographies based on either system have been successful, this may be thanks to our ability to manage inadequate orth…
When Marking Tone Reduces Fluency
Should an alphabetic orthography for a tone language include tone marks? Opinion and practice are divided along three lines: zeromarking, phonemic marking and various reduced marking schemes. This paper examines the success of phonemic tone marking for Dschang, a Grassfields Bantu language which uses tone to distinguish lexical items and some grammatical constructions. Participants with a variety of ages and educational backgrounds, and having di…
Orthography and identity in Cameroon
The tone languages of sub-Saharan Africa raise challenging questions for the design of new writing systems. Marking too much or too little tone can have grave consequences for the usability of an orthography. Orthography development, past and present, rests on many sociolinguistic issues having little to do with the technical phonological concerns that usually preoccupy orthographers. Some of these issues are familiar from the spelling reforms wh…
Seven Dimensions of Portability for Language Documentation and Description
The process of documenting and describing the world's languages is undergoing radical transformation with the rapid uptake of new digital technologies for capture, storage, annotation, and dissemination. While these technologies greatly enhance our ability to create digital data, their uncritical adoption has compromised our ability to preserve this data. Consequently, new digital language resources of all kinds-lexicons, interlinear texts, gramm…
Natural Language Processing and Linguistic Fieldwork
March 2009 marked an important milestone: the First International Conference on Language Documentation and Conservation, held at the University of Hawai‘i.1 The scale of the event was striking, with five parallel tracks running over three days. The organizers coped magnificently with three times the expected participation (over 300). The buzz among the participants was that we were at the start of something big, that we were already part of a sig…
Sparse Transcription
The transcription bottleneck is often cited as a major obstacle for efforts to document the world's endangered languages and supply them with language technologies. One solution is to extend methods from automatic speech recognition and machine translation, and recruit linguists to provide narrow phonetic transcriptions and sentence-aligned translations. However, I believe that these approaches are not a good fit with the available data and skill…
“We are reconciliators”
The notion that Indigenous tourism can advance reconciliation contrasts with prevailing ‘tourism as industry’ discourses. Commodification processes treat tourists as consumers, rather than as visitors to a place, or visitors to the people of a place. How can Indigenous tourism deliver sustainable benefits to the hosts and communities that receive visitors? This study adopts critical Indigenous methodology with constructivist grounded theory, as w…
Understanding how language revitalisation works
Indigenous communities, linguists, teachers, and language activists have been developing methods to revitalise endangered languages over several decades. Not only are these methods diverse, they are usually implemented in various ways according to local needs and aspirations. Language revitalisation methods focus on proficiency, but there is also interest in strengthening identity, resilience, and wellbeing. Aside from a handful of successes, pro…
Linguistics (8 obras) · Computer Science (7 obras) · Natural Language Processing Techniques (4 obras) · Philosophy (4 obras) · Phonetics and Phonology Research (4 obras) · Psychology (4 obras) · Sociology (4 obras) · Artificial Intelligence (3 obras) · Linguistic Variation and Morphology (3 obras) · Orthography (3 obras)