Kirchengast
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3867 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Kirchengast |
| APELLIDO | Kirchengast |
| FIRMA | KIRCHENGAST |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Vienna |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-3220-7271 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 103 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 34 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 103 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1992 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Climate Matters—Association Between Ambient Temperature During Pregnancy and Birth Length in Austria Between 1984 and 2014—A Population‐Based Study
OBJECTIVES: The impact of ambient temperature on fetal growth was tested using a data set of 1 208 491 singleton births taking place in Austria between 1984 and 2014. It was hypothesized that higher ambient temperature during pregnancy would be associated with shorter birth length. METHODS: Daily ambient temperature data spanning 1983 to 2014 from 39 Austrian districts were retrieved and used for analysis. A Dynamic-Lag-Non-linear (DLNM) model wa…
Shorter maternal body height increases the risk of emergency caesarean section in a population with a high standard of prenatal care
Caesarean sections (CS) are the most common surgical procedures performed on women of reproductive age. They should only be performed when medically indicated or in case of acute birth complications. Assessing risk factors that could necessitate a CS is therefore of great interest. The aim of this retrospective medical record-based study was to analyse the significance of maternal height as a risk factor for emergency CS using a data set of 11,11…
A comparative approach to bony changes in maxillary and frontal sinuses as indicators of upper respiratory health
OBJECTIVE: The central aspect of this study is to provide a detailed comparison of bony changes in the maxillary and frontal sinuses in human skeletal remains in an effort to assist researchers record lesions and assist with potential diagnoses. MATERIALS: 198 adult human remains from a medieval Avar population from Vienna, Austria. METHODS: Analysis of bony changes using an endoscopic multifunctional camera with an ultra-small lens and adjustabl…
Delaying Motherhood—An Increasingly Common but Risky Trend in High‐Income Countries
OBJECTIVES: Maternal age at first birth is increasing in most high-income countries. The associations between advanced maternal age and perinatal complications, as well as newborn parameters, were analyzed using a dataset of 6831 singleton births among first-time mothers taking place in Vienna, Austria, between 2010 and 2019. METHODS: In this single-center medical records-based retrospective study, the following obstetrical parameters have been i…
Early Pregnancy in Times of Climate Change
OBJECTIVES: This study focused on the association between fetal crown-rump length (CRL) in the 12th/13th gestational week and the number of 1st trimester heat days to assess the impact of rising temperature on intrauterine growth in early pregnancy. METHODS: = 4857) taking place in Vienna, Austria between 2011 and 2019. The sonographic determination of CRL took place routinely during the 12th or 13th gestational week. Linear regression analyses w…
The effect of birth month on body height of Austrian conscripts varies according to educational level
An association between birth month and height has been repeatedly described, but no consistent seasonal patterns can be observed. In this study, the significance of educational level as a modulating cofactor for the association between body height and birth month was analysed using an anonymous data set from 1,179,600 male conscripts born in Austria between 1971 and 2002. A distinct seasonal trend was observed. Conscripts born from June to Decemb…
Kin investment biases of aunts and uncles
Higher investment in maternal than paternal aunts and uncles is explained by the "paternity uncertainty hypothesis". Regardless of laterality, however, aunts show a greater degree of investment than uncles, which is attributed to sex-specific reproductive strategies. Resemblance cues can be used as indicators of genetic relatedness. The central hypothesis of the current study was that perceived phenotypic resemblance between aunts/uncles and nibl…
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is not an independent risk factor for breech presentation among singleton term births in Vienna, Austria
Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) such as in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) are still discussed critically, as there is no consensus on whether these treatments could be the cause of risk factors for obstetric problems such as breech presentation. The aim of this study was to test the association between ART and breech presentation among 11920 singleton term births taking place in Vienna from 2010 to…
Evidence of non-adult vitamin C deficiency in three early medieval sites in the Jaun/Podjuna Valley, Carinthia, Austria
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine and discuss the prevalence of non-adult scurvy cases from the early medieval Jaun/Podjuna Valley in southern Austria. MATERIALS: 86 non-adult individuals were assessed from three early medieval sites. METHODS: Morphological characteristics associated with suggestive and probable scurvy were observed macroscopically and under 20-40x magnification. RESULTS: A significant relationship between the prevalence of…
Effect of Month of Birth on Mean Birth Length in Austrian Newborns Born Between 1984 and 2021
OBJECTIVE: The length of newborns shows seasonal fluctuations, but the patterns of these fluctuations vary greatly. This study analyses the fluctuation in birth length by birth month and temporal changes in Austrian newborns from the 1984 to 2021 birth cohorts. METHODS: A total of 2 317 927 singleton-term births between 1984 and 2021 in Austria were included in this retrospective population-based cohort study. A strict inclusion criterion was the…
The Impact of Higher Than Recommended Gestational Weight Gain on Fetal Growth and Perinatal Risk Factors—The IOM Criteria Reconsidered
A too-high gestational weight gain, in combination with steadily increasing obesity rates among women of reproductive age, represents an enormous obstetrical problem, as obesity and high gestational weight gain are associated with enhanced fetal growth, low vital parameters, and increased cesarean section rates. This medical record-based study investigates the association patterns between too-low as well as too-high gestational weight gain, accor…
Secular trends and regional pattern in body height of Austrian conscripts born between 1961 and 2002
The human growth process is influenced not only by genetic factors but also by environmental factors. Therefore, regional differences in mean body heights may exist within a population or a state. In the present study, we described and evaluated the regional trends in mean body heights in the nine Austrian provinces over a period spanning more than four decades. Body height data of 1734569 male conscripts born in Austria with Austrian citizenship…
Double feature
First genetic mother-daughter burial evidence in Roman Austria. • Integrated scientific and archaeological approach. • Revised historical interpretations through modern techniques. • Roman burial unveils familial and emotional relationships. • Interdisciplinary work advances Roman archaeological findings. A human double burial combined with a horse interment, discovered in 2004 in the eastern cemetery of the Roman town of Ovilava (today Wels/AUT)…
Fetal size at the 32nd gestational week is associated with the risk of breech presentation at term birth
Fetuses who remain in a breech presentation until term birth (≥37 gestational weeks) differed significantly in head and abdominal dimensions from cephalic fetuses from the 32nd gestational week onwards
An increase in the developmental tempo affects the secular trend in height in male Austrian conscripts birth cohorts 1951–2002
OBJECTIVES: Using population-based data on height in Austria from birth cohort 1951 to 2002, we aim to evaluate the secular trends in height and developmental tempo among Austrian young men. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Austrian conscription medical examination. We included 1 205 112 conscripts (18-<20 years) who were born between 1951 and 2002 and 853 645 conscripts (17-<19 years) who were born between 1961 and 2002. Height was measured …
Where are the Roman women of Ovilava? A spatio-temporal approach to interpret the female deficit at the eastern Roman cemetery (Gräberfeld Ost) of Ovilava, Austria
In historic and prehistoric populations, the sex ratio can often only be determined based on bioarchaeological analyses of cemeteries. In this context, a so-called female deficit has been described, which clearly contrasts the sex ratio typical of recent populations. The present study aims to analyze the sex ratio in the eastern cemetery (‘Gräberfeld Ost’) of the Roman town Ovilava. This site is located beneath today’s city of Wels in Upper Austr…
Maternal Prepregnancy Obesity Affects Foetal Growth, Birth Outcome, Mode of Delivery, and Miscarriage Rate in Austrian Women
The increasing obesity rates among women of reproductive age create a major obstetrical problem as obesity during pregnancy is associated with many complications, such as a higher rate of caesarean sections. This medical record-based study investigates the effects of maternal prepregnancy obesity on newborn parameters, birth mode, and miscarriage rate. The data of 15,404 singleton births that had taken place between 2009 and 2019 at the public Da…
Lower educational level remains associated with lower body height among Austrian conscripts born from 1961 through 2002
Growth patterns and final body height are influenced by genetic and socio-environmental factors. A major impact of education on growth has been documented. Body height increases with an increasing educational level.The present study focuses on the association patterns between body height and educational level among 1,734,569 Austrian male conscripts aged 17 to <19 born between 1961 and 2002. Four levels of education were classified to examine the…
Asymmetry in body composition parameters of the upper and lower extremity among healthy Austrian women
Humans typically have bilateral symmetry, however, deviations from perfect symmetry can be observed. In the case of the upper extremities, mostly a right-biased asymmetry in the length or strength of the bones, but also lean body mass was reported. Regarding the lower extremities, the asymmetry patterns are weaker. The aim of this study is to analyze directional and cross-asymmetry in body composition parameters among healthy non-athletic women. …
High-status Avar warriors identified. Differences in the prevalence of the horse riding syndrome in “high-status” vs. “low-status” adult male burials in the Avar cemetery of Wien 11-Csokorgasse (seven…
Bioarchaeology can contribute to interdisciplinary research on the social organization of the Avar Empire (568 AD to around 800 AD) by providing information on the health, lifestyle and habitual activity patterns of Avar populations, thus offering an important, additional perspective to traditional archaeological methods focusing on material culture. The so-called horse riding syndrome refers to a combination of changes on the human skeleton, whi…
Horse-riding as a habitual activity among the early medieval Avar population of the cemetery of Csokorgasse (Vienna)
Little is known about sex and gender differences in the daily life activities of early medieval Avar populations. Of particular interest is habitual horse-riding, which is assumed to be typical for these populations. Importantly, fundamental changes in the "Avar lifestyle" occurred over time and this may have led to less horse-riding. This study identifies possible sex and chronological differences in the prevalence of metric and nonmetric traits…
Does grandpa care, too? - Discriminative grandparental investment is associated with phenotypic resemblance and sociodemographic parameters in an Austrian sample
Typical patterns of discriminative grandparental investment i.e. high investment provided by the maternal grandmother and low investment provided by the paternal grandfather, are mainly interpreted based on the "paternity uncertainty hypothesis". Accordingly, especially paternal grandfathers are confronted with a double risk of investing in genetically unrelated grandchildren. The present study focuses on the impact of phenotypic resemblance betw…
A life on horseback? Prevalence and correlation of metric and non-metric traits of the "horse-riding syndrome" in an Avar population (7th-8th century AD) in Eastern Austria
Musculoskeletal stress markers allow the reconstruction of occupational and habitual activity patterns in historical populations. The so-called horse-riding syndrome summarizes several musculoskeletal markers which are commonly interpreted as indicators of habitual horse riding. The individual symptoms of the horse-riding syndrome, however, are still critically discussed. The skeletal remains of mounted warriors are especially suited for the anal…
Pregnancy Outcome during the First Covid 19 Lockdown in Vienna, Austria
The COVID 19 pandemic represents a major stress factor for non-infected pregnant women. Although maternal stress during pregnancy increases the risk of preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction, an increasing number of studies yielded no negative effects of COVID 19 lockdowns on pregnancy outcome. The present study focused on pregnancy outcome during the first COVID 19 lockdown phase in Austria. In particular, it was hypothesized that the…
Low digit ratio (2D
OBJECTIVES: Intrauterine environmental conditions may affect the number of primordial follicles and in this way the timing of menopause. The aim of the present study was to investigate association patterns between right hand digit ratio, that is, 2D:4D - as an indicator of prenatal androgen and estrogen exposure, and age at menopause. METHODS: One hundred sixty-nine women, who had experienced natural menopause, were enrolled in the study. Length …
Menopause
Menopause:. Biocultural Perspective. Lynette Leidy Sievert. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2006, ix. 220 pp
Nutritional status as indicator for reproductive success in !Kung San and Kavango females from Namibia
The interaction between nutritional status, estimated by using Body mass index, and fertility outcome was tested in two female samples from Northern Namibia. It turned out, that !Kung San undernourished females had significantly more total and surviving offspring than well-nourished and overweight females of these population. In contrast within the Kavango group well-nourished females had the highest reproductive success. These group specific dif…
Dog Handlers' and Dogs' Emotional and Cortisol Secretion Responses Associated with Animal-Aassisted Therapy Sessions
The study investigated 13 dog handlers and 18 companion dogs (Canis familiaris) working as teams in nonhuman animal-assisted service. The handlers described in questionnaires what emotions they chose to associate with their daily life and therapeutic work. They described their emotional condition before and after therapeutic sessions, giving analogous descriptions for their dogs. Handlers collected saliva samples from themselves and their dogs (6…
Pregnancy outcome is associated with maternal marital status in Austria - even at the beginning of the 21st century
Human reproduction is a biological phenomenon, however, sociocultural factors such as marital status influence pregnancy outcome and reproductive success. In the present study the impact of maternal marital status on pregnancy outcome was tested for all births, which had taken place in Austria between 1999 and 2004, which met the following criteria: single births, nulliparity, mothers older than 19 years (n = 179 830). The rate of preterm deliver…
Human sexual dimorphism - a sex and gender perspective
The term gender is essential in recent biological anthropology. After decades of critical discussion the differentiation into biological sex and social gender is accepted as especially useful. The distinction into sex and gender makes a more complex view at biological phenomenon such a sexual size dimorphism typical of Homo sapiens possible. Although sexual size dimorphism has a clear evolutionary basis and is caused by genetic and hormonal facto…
Study on sex hormone levels and body dimensions of postmenopausal Austrian women in correlation to their age at menarche
The present study focused on the correlations between age at menarche and body dimensions as well as sex hormone levels in 142 postmenopausal Austrian women. Statistically significant correlations occurred between the age at menarche and levels of the sex hormones estradiol, progesterone, testosterone and androstenedione as well as several cephalic and post-cephalic length- and height dimensions. Women with a late menarche showed lower sex hormon…
Horse-riding as a habitual activity among the early medieval Avar population of the cemetery of Csokorgasse (Vienna)
Little is known about sex and gender differences in the daily life activities of early medieval Avar populations. Of particular interest is habitual horse-riding, which is assumed to be typical for these populations. Importantly, fundamental changes in the "Avar lifestyle" occurred over time and this may have led to less horse-riding. This study identifies possible sex and chronological differences in the prevalence of metric and nonmetric traits…
Metric and morphological analysis of pelvic scars in a historical sample from Lithuania
The theory behind the formation and manifestation of pelvic scars, sometimes called 'scars of parturition', and particularly their potential use in determining parity history has been a debated issue among anthropologists for nearly 50 years. To date, the association between parity and scar formation still remains unclear. The present study tests the effects of sex, age, body size and pelvic dimensions on the morphological and metric features of …
Are natural scientists more masculine than humanists? The association patterns between 2D
0.037). Female scientists and female humanists however, did not differ significantly in 2D:4D ratio. Both showed a typical female 2D:4D ratio. This was also true of male humanists. Consequently low prenatal androgen exposure may be associated with the choice of humanities among male students.
Differential grandparental investment - the impact of phenotypic resemblance
Differential grandparental investment is mainly explained as a result of paternity uncertainty. Phenotypic resemblance may be interpreted as an indicator of genetically relatedness. Consequently the present study focused on the impact of phenotypic resemblance on grandparental investment, i.e. solicitude, contact frequency and quality of relationship. 213 adults persons between the age 19 and 32 years (x = 25.5; SD = 3.4) were enrolled in the stu…
Gender differences in nutritional behavior and weight status during early and late adolescence
The current study aimed to determine gender differences in nutritional habits, eating behaviour, weight status, body image and weight control practices during early and late adolescence. 677 Viennese pupils (253 boys and 424 girls) between the ages 10 and 18 years (x = 14.1 yrs; +/- 2.2) were enrolled in the study. Weight status was determined by means of body mass index percentiles. To assess eating behavior, food preferences, body image and wei…
Austrian and American approaches to animal-based health care services
Animal-based health care services in Austria originate from models used in the New World. This study compares the main organizations in the USA and Austria, Delta Society and Tiere als Therapie. It investigates how the original American animal-based health care models of animal-assisted activities and animal-assisted therapy have been adopted to suit local and cultural conditions in Austria. Information was gathered from the organizations' homepa…
Psychosocial and sociocultural aspects of infertility - a comparison between Austrian women and immigrant women
The polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder affecting female fertility. In this study we examined psychosocial parameters caused by infertility in PCOS women with different socio-cultural background. Symptomatology of PCOS, body composition characteristics as well as psychosocial parameters were examined in 49 PCOS infertility patients of the University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics in Vienna, who originate…
Fat distribution patterns in young amenorrheic females
Relations between fertility, body shape and menopause in Austrian women
The influence of number and date of pregnancies, births, and spontaneous and induced abortions on body shape, age at menopause and menopausal symptoms have been studied for 110 postmenopausal Viennese women. A significant correlation between fertility and age at menopause was not found, but several menopausal symptoms showed statistically significant correlations with fertility. With a higher number of pregnancies the individual symptoms became m…
Anthropometric-hormonal correlation patterns in fertile and post-menopausal women from Austria
Correlations between sex-hormone levels and body dimensions were investigated in a group of women from Vienna. Since sex-hormone concentrations in women are subject to dramatic changes with increasing age, both 124 fertile and 142 postmenopausal women were examined. Twenty-nine anthropometric traits were correlated with oestradiol, the gonadotrophins luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), the gestagens progesterone, 17-h…
Study on sex hormone levels and body dimensions of postmenopausal Austrian women in correlation to their age at menarche
The present study focused on the correlations between age at menarche and body dimensions as well as sex hormone levels in 142 postmenopausal Austrian women. Statistically significant correlations occurred between the age at menarche and levels of the sex hormones estradiol, progesterone, testosterone and androstenedione as well as several cephalic and post-cephalic length- and height dimensions. Women with a late menarche showed lower sex hormon…
Intercorrelations between menstrual cycle patterns and body dimensions in Austrian women
The relationships between 29 cephalic and post-cephalic body dimensions and the length and regularity of the menstrual cycle, as well as the duration of menstrual bleeding, have been investigated in 327 Austrian women. Five of the eight head measurements and seventeen of the 21 body measurements correlated statistically significantly with the individual menstrual variables. Measures of facial and post-cephalic robustness and the amount of subcuta…
Body dimensions and differential fertility in !Kung San males from Namibia
The relationship between paternal somatic morphology and number and sex of the offspring was investigated with 114 !Kung San males from Namibia. Significant correlations were observed between measures of facial and distal robustness and the total number of sons and daughters as well as for the sex ratio of children and the ratio of living to dead children. Anthropometric characteristics of !Kung San men correlated with the number of daughters mor…
Body dimensions and thyroid hormone levels in premenopausal and postmenopausal women from Austria
Correlations between thyroid hormone levels and body dimensions were investigated in a group of 124 premenopausal (ages 16–40 years) and 142 postmenopausal (ages 38–61 years) women from Vienna, Austria. Twenty‐nine absolute body dimensions and thirteen anthropometric indices were correlated with the serum levels of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroid‐stimulating hormone, and thyroid‐hormone‐binding globulin as well as three hormone ratios (T3/T4…
Differential fertility and body shapes of fertile and postmenopausal women from eastern Austria
With 156 fertile and 171 postmenopausal patients of the I. Universitäts-Frauenklinik in Vienna the intercorrelations between 29 cephalic and postcephalic body measures, 34 anthropometric indices and number and date of pregnancies, spontaneous abortions as well as births were computed. For both proband groups typical correlation patterns between the two trait systems could be observed. It turned out, that small, robust women with a high amount of …
Anthropometric characteristics and pulsatile growth hormone secretion patterns in premenopausal and postmenopausal women from Austria
The intercorrelations between 18 anthropometric variables, describing amount and distribution of subcutaneous fat tissue, and 12 growth hormone (GH) levels which had been obtained at intervals of 2 hours over a period of 24 hours, were tested in 25 premenopausal and 23 postmenopausal women from Austria. The 12 GH levels were included in the analyses because the GH shows typical pulsatile secretion patterns with peak values about midnight. Initial…
Differential fertility and body build in !Kung San and Kavango females from northern Namibia
The study examines the impact of body build on differential fertility patterns in 93 !Kung San and 85 Kavango females from northern Namibia. In both groups shorter females had more offspring, but also more dead offspring, than taller females. The interaction between body weight and fertility was different in both groups and may be due to different nursing behaviour. There was a positive relationship between the typical pedomorphy and fertility in…
Serum levels of sex hormones, thyroid hormones, growth hormone, IGF I, and cortisol and their relations to body fat distribution in healthy women dependent on their menopausal status
The relations between 10 anthropometric variables describing the amount of adipose tissue and the serum levels of thyroxine, triiodothyronin, thyroid stimulating hormone, estradiol, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, prolactin, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, DHEA-S, androstendion, testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, growth hormone, IGF I as well as cortisol were investigated in 39 premenopausal and 38 postmenopausal…
Nutritional status as indicator for reproductive success in !Kung San and Kavango females from Namibia
The interaction between nutritional status, estimated by using Body mass index, and fertility outcome was tested in two female samples from Northern Namibia. It turned out, that !Kung San undernourished females had significantly more total and surviving offspring than well-nourished and overweight females of these population. In contrast within the Kavango group well-nourished females had the highest reproductive success. These group specific dif…
Menopause-associated differences in female fat patterning estimated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
The aim of the present study was to describe and quantify the typical changes in fat patterning from premenopause to postmenopause. The absolute and relative fat and lean body mass were estimated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 461 healthy non-obese females between the ages of 18 and 64 years (x = 43.2). Significant differences (p < 0.001) in absolute and relative fat mass, body weight and body mass index between pre-, peri- and postmen…
Interactions between circadianic secretion patterns of estradiol, growth hormone, IGF I, prolactin, DHEA-S and cortisol and the amount and distribution of subcutaneous body fat with postmenopausal and…
With 23 postmenopausal and 33 premenopausal females the interactions between circadianic secretion patterns of estradiol, growth hormone, IGF I, prolactin, DHEA-S as well as cortisol and the amount and distribution of subcutaneous body fat, estimated by using 10 absolute body measures and 10 anthropometric indices were tested. Premenopausal and postmenopausal women differed regarding the secretion patterns of estradiol and growth hormone signific…
The Impact of Nutritional Status on Body Fat Distribution Patterns in Pre- And Postmenopausal Females
This study examines the impact of nutritional status, classified by body mass index, on sex specific fat distribution patterns dependent on menopausal status in 467 pre-, peri- or postmenopausal females. Absolute and relative amounts of upper and lower body fat were estimated by means of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. It was found that low weight, independent of menopausal status, leads to the typical gynoid pattern of fat distribution while e…
Impact of the age at menarche on adult body composition in healthy pre‐ and postmenopausal women
Impact of the age at menarche on adult body composition in healthy pre- and postmenopausal women
The present study focuses on the impact of age at menarche on body composition development during adulthood. With 459 healthy middle-class women between 18 and 67 years (x = 41.5) the association between age at menarche and body composition was tested. Body composition, described by absolute and relative amount of fat mass, lean body mass, and bone mass, was estimated by means of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. In order to exclude the influence…
Weight status of adult !Kung San and Kavango people from northern Namibia
An anthropometric assessment was conducted at 238 !Kung San hunter-gatherers aged between 18 and 65 years (mean = 30.8 years), 156 Kavango horticultural pastoralists aged between 18 and 61 years (mean = 29.2 years) and for 87 urbanized Kavango people aged between 18 and 61 years (mean = 29.3 years) living as wage earning employees in northern Namibia. Weight status was estimated by using body mass index categories according to the recommendations…
Maternal prepregnancy weight status and pregnancy weight gain as major determinants for newborn weight and size
The impact of maternal anthropometric characteristics, above all prepregnancy weight status and pregnancy weight gain, on newborn size was tested using 10,240 single births in the University Hospital of Vienna, Austria. Highly significant relations between maternal prepregnancy weight status and newborn size were observed. With higher maternal prepregnancy body mass index, higher birthweight, length, head circumference, acromial circumference and…
Interactions between somatometric parameters and endogenous hormone levels as well as hormonal induced events in females
The present paper contains the results of a five year research project focusing on the complex interaction between body build and endogenous hormone levels as well as on hormonal induced events in 1095 healthy adult females from Austria. It could be demonstrated that even long after termination of the pubertal growth phase significant associations exist between body dimensions as well as body composition compartments and endogenous hormone levels…
The individual age at menopause — An appropriate indicator of postmenopausal body composition
The interaction between age at menopause and postmenopausal body composition development was tested with in 178 Viennese women aged 47 to 68 years (x=55.4 yr). Postmenopausal body composition was described using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry by absolute fat and lean mass and bone mineral content of the whole body, the arms, legs, the trunk and the head. Upper and lower amount of body fat, the fat percentages of the individual body compartments…
Hysterectomy Is Associated With Postmenopausal Body Composition Characteristics
The impact of hysterectomy without oophorectomy and with no malignant purpose on body composition and postmenopausal weight gain was tested in 184 Viennese females aged between 47 and 57 years (mean 52·9). Hysterectomized women were significantly heavier than those who experienced a spontaneous menopause (controls). The amount of fat tissue, especially in the abdominal region, was significantly higher in hysterectomized women. Furthermore, they w…
Association between maternal age at menarche and newborn size
The impact of maternal age at menarche on newborn size was tested using data from 4,996 single births taking place at Vienna, Austria, between 1985 and 1995--so-called teenager pregnancies were excluded from the present analyses. All women experienced pregnancies between the ages of 19 to 42 years. Maturational time was related significantly to infant weight and length independent of maternal age and behavioral variables such as smoking. Early ma…
Fat distribution patterns in young amenorrheic females
Protective effect of moderate overweight on bone density of the hip joint in elderly and old Austrians
The effect of weight, classified by body mass index (BMI), on bone mass (BMC) of the whole body and on bone mineral density BMD of the hip joint was analysed in a sample of 120 Austrians of Vienna and surroundings. The 68 females and 52 males of this cross sectional study ranged in age between 60 and 92 years (x = 71.7 +/- 7.7). Age distribution was not significantly different between sexes. The WHO (1997) classification of body mass index (BMI) …
Nicotine Consumption Before and During Pregnancy Affects Not Only Newborn Size but Also Birth Modus
The associations between cigarette smoking before and during pregnancy and maternal body size (pre-pregnancy weight status, end of pregnancy weight status, weight gain during pregnancy) and newborn size (birth weight, length, head circumference, arcomial circumference), as well as birth modus, were tested in 7803 single full-term births in Vienna. Nicotine consumption before and during pregnancy was found to be associated with smaller and lighter…
Medicine (76 obras) · Demography (53 obras) · Biology (40 obras) · Sociology (37 obras) · Pregnancy (26 obras) · Psychology (26 obras) · Population (22 obras) · Body weight (21 obras) · Internal Medicine (21 obras) · Obstetrics (21 obras)