Yannis Papadopoulos
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 388182 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Yannis Papadopoulos |
| NOMBRES | Yannis |
| APELLIDO | Papadopoulos |
| FIRMA | PAPADOPOULOS Y |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Lausanne |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-5462-3228 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 57 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 746 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 56 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 1 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1989 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 15 |
Trust Me, I'm an Expert
Trust is central to research on regulatory governance, underpinning both the legitimacy and effectiveness of regulatory bodies. Yet, while its importance is often assumed, less is known about its organizational drivers. Departing from the idea that regulatory agencies are expert‐based organizations within their fields, we argue that trust depends on the composition of regulators' staff, through the mechanisms of competence and goodwill. Using sur…
Does the Background of the Regulator Matter? The Role of Expertise and Diversity on the Perceived Competence of Regulatory Bodies
This paper examines expertise and professional diversity within new (agencies and central banks) and traditional (ministries) regulatory bodies (RBs) and assesses their effect on the perceived competence of RBs. In particular, we address the following research questions: To what extent do members of RBs have expertise and display diversity in terms of their professional trajectories? How do expertise and professional diversity affect the perceive…
Advancing the Understanding of Accountability Processes in Collaborative Governance
Collaborative governance and the delegation of tasks to independent agencies are among the most important governance trends in recent years. However, these trends have given rise to separate literatures that do not engage with each other. Research on collaborative governance shows the complexity of accountability relations and uncovers the factors that undermine accountability. However, it fails to consider some relevant findings from research on…
Trust and distrust in public governance settings
The relationship between trust and distrust in public governance is still an open question. In the literature, three different perspectives on how trust and distrust are related are intensively debated: (1) trust and distrust as two ends of the same conceptual continuum; (2) trust and distrust as opposites, but with neutral ground in between; and (3) trust and distrust as related, yet distinct concepts. Employing a new measure for distrust and by…
Taking stock of the multilevel governance research programme
Multilevel governance (MLG) is one of the most successful ideas in contemporary political scholarship. Coined in the early 1990s by Gary Marks to examine developments in the European Union's regional policy, MLG has since been adopted and further elaborated in numerous publications, which have expanded the concept well beyond its initial context, and afforded it wide currency in academic and policy-making circles. As the term turns thirty, this a…
Why do populists scorn compromises (and how do they live with them)
Both political theorists and scholars working on populism with an ideational approach have frequently noted that populists are averse to compromise. However, the negative relationship between populism and compromise has not been analyzed in detail. In this paper, we offer a comprehensive account of the reasons behind this oft-repeated conflict between populist narratives and the practice of compromise, disentangling the various dimensions of such…
Introduction to the Debate
This debate aims at discussing the broader social relevance of political science research, a debate that has not yet taken place in Switzerland although it has been ongoing internationally. In this introduction, we highlight the main questions raised by the debate and illustrate the various contributions. With this debate we hope to stimulate further contributions on the topic in the future
Happily unaccountable? Perceptions of accountability by public managers
This paper opens up the black box of agencies’ accountability relationships and zooms in on their top managers and the perceptions of accountability thereof. So far, very few studies have examined how agency managers perceive and experience attempts to control the public sector organizations that they manage. The paper seeks to address this gap through a focus on “felt” accountability, denoting (1) a manager’s (more or less high) expectation to h…
Understanding Accountability in Democratic Governance
This Element comprehensively scrutinizes the key issue of the accountability of policy-makers in democratic governance. The electoral punishment of the incumbents, parliamentary control of the government, and sanctions in the case of administrative misconduct or negligence are the most visible manifestations of accountability in politics. However, the phenomenon is much more complex, and fully understanding such a multifaceted object requires bri…
Public sector accountability styles in Europe comparing accountability and control of agencies in the Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland and the UK
This paper develops and applies the concept of accountability styles for analyzing and comparing accountability practices in different countries. This is relevant as there is considerable scholarship on public sector accountability but only very few comparative studies. Extant studies have shown that national styles of accountability are both marked by convergence as well as the resilience of national differences. The concept of accountability st…
The impact of direct democracy on policy change
Scholarship about both politics and policy tends to represent tools of direct democracy as veto points that are used to prevent policy change. In this study, we move beyond this unidimensional view and explain the conditions under which instruments of direct democracy can be conducive to policy change. We investigate both the direct and indirect effects of citizens’ initiatives to show that, under certain conditions, these can provide an opportun…
Against compromise in democracy? A plea for a fine‐grained assessment
This paper disentangles the multiple facets of the ambivalent evaluation of compromise in politics. It identifies five main objections against compromises and their rebuttals. The first two objections are classic, and they both appeal to adherence to values, in terms of either their inviolability or their consistency. Another objection asserts the irreducibility of conflicts, and it is driven by hostility to a conception of politics that favors m…
Conflictual Accountability
In contemporary public governance, leaders of public organizations are faced with multiple, and oftentimes conflictual, accountability claims. Drawing upon a survey of CEO’s of agencies in seven countries, we explore whether and how conflictual accountability regimes relate to strategic behaviors by agency-CEO’s and their political principals. The presence of conflictual accountability is experienced as a major challenge and is associated with im…
Understanding Felt Accountability
The literature on autonomous public agencies often adopts a top‐down approach, focusing on the means with which those agencies can be steered and controlled. This article opens up the black box of the agencies and zooms in on their CEO's and their perceptions of hierarchical accountability. The article focuses on felt accountability, denoting the manager's (a) expectation to have to explain substantive decisions to a parent department perceived t…
The European Semester
In this contribution to the symposium “What's the problem? Multilevel governance and problem‐solving,” we discuss possible reasons that make difficult for the European Semester to achieve the goals of developing mutual learning and the acquisition of “ownership” over fiscal restraint, budgetary coordination and structural reforms. We underscore the uneasy coupling of a “soft” multilevel governance mode with “hard” forms of governance associated w…
Regulating Human Mobility through Networking and Outsourcing
The Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration ( icem ) was founded in 1952 to manage the migration of migrants and refugees of European origin to overseas countries. Its foundation was part of the effort during the Post-war period to find supranational solutions to global problems and can be considered as the first to achieve ‘migration management’. icem was also part of the US propaganda mechanism during the Cold War aiming at proving t…
The Principal–Agent Framework and Independent Regulatory Agencies
The goal of this contribution is to discuss the application of the principal–agent framework to the study of interactions between elected politicians – the principal – and independent regulatory agencies – the agent. Through a review of recent research we suggest that the principal–agent framework, despite its parsimony and analytical leverage, requires considerable refinement to make sense of these relations. Indeed, evidence on the functioning …
How does knowledge circulate in a regulatory network? Observing a European Platform of Regulatory Authorities meeting
Multi‐level networks of regulatory authorities are considered as vectors of knowledge circulation, norm diffusion, and regulatory coordination. However, this is often assumed without empirical scrutiny of the concrete “micro‐dynamics” between individual participants in networks, which remain a “black box” for analysts. This paper is mainly based on direct observation and informal interviews conducted during a meeting of the European Platform of R…
Le regard de l’analyste des politiques publiques sur les transformations du monde
Transparency
There is growing enthusiasm for transparency in public affairs. Discourses idealising the value of transparency are part of the rhetoric of advocates of ‘good governance’. However, there is little discussion of the justifications for transparency. The view that transparency underpins legitimacy is similar to that of the advocates for ‘publicity’ in the initial era of representative government, when transparency (or publicity) became a crucial iss…
How party linkages shape austerity politics
Drawing on an analysis of austerity reforms in Greece and Portugal during the sovereign debt crisis from 2009 onwards, we show how the nature of the linkages between parties and citizens shapes party strategies of fiscal retrenchment. We argue that parties which rely to a greater extent on the selective distribution of state resources to mobilize electoral support (clientelistic linkages) are more reluctant to agree to fiscal retrenchment because…
How the Populist Radical Right Transformed Swiss Welfare Politics
This paper shows how the rise of the Swiss People's Party (SVP) has affected welfare state reforms in Switzerland between the 1990s and the 2000s. In the 1990s, welfare state reforms drew on “modernizing” coalitions between FDP (Liberals), CVP (Christian Democrats) and SP (Social Democrats) combining retrenchment and “recalibration”. In the 2000s the FDP and CVP increasingly sided with the SVP in right‐wing coalitions pushing retrenchment alone. …
Accountability and European Governance
The Europeanisation of Swiss Decision‐Making in Comparative Perspective
Switzerland is often considered as an anomaly in the middle of Europe, with its set of bizarre political institutions preventing it from joining the European Union. In many respects, the institution of direct democracy and the obligation to ratify each EU-related decision via compulsory referendums have made the emergence of a “permissive consensus” over European integration very difficult. While the de-politicisation of EU matters has been under…
Les processus de décision fédéraux en Suisse
Are innovative, participatory and deliberative procedures in policy making democratic and effective
The overall project aims to establish a dialogue between normative democratic theory and research on policy formulation and implementation. This introductory article first notes the growth of various participatory and deliberative procedures in policy making, portrays the context of this growth and justifies the cases selected. It then presents the conceptual framework used for the study of these procedures, which mainly draws on participatory an…
Cooperative forms of governance
Various schools of research in public policy (the literature on ‘governance’ and its continental counterparts) are converging to focus on the growth of policy styles based on cooperation and partnership in networks, instead of on vertical control by the state. This article focuses on issues of democratic accountability and responsiveness with these governance arrangements. It argues that until recently the legitimacy of governance networks was no…
Accountability and Multi-level Governance
This paper seeks to explain why the trend towards more cooperative forms of policy-making, though in all likelihood necessary for policy efficiency and even at first glance promising with respect to inclusiveness and pluralism, can have negative consequences for democratic accountability. The paper first explores the properties of multi-level governance that lead to a deficit in democratic accountability (lack of visibility, uncoupling from repre…
How party linkages shape austerity politics
Drawing on an analysis of austerity reforms in Greece and Portugal during the sovereign debt crisis from 2009 onwards, we show how the nature of the linkages between parties and citizens shapes party strategies of fiscal retrenchment. We argue that parties which rely to a greater extent on the selective distribution of state resources to mobilize electoral support (clientelistic linkages) are more reluctant to agree to fiscal retrenchment because…
How does direct democracy matter? The impact of referendum votes on politics and policy‐making
2001). How does direct democracy matter? The impact of referendum votes on politics and policy‐making. West European Politics: Vol. 24, The Swiss Labyrinth Institutions, Outcomes and Redesign, pp. 35-58
The Principal–Agent Framework and Independent Regulatory Agencies
The goal of this contribution is to discuss the application of the principal–agent framework to the study of interactions between elected politicians – the principal – and independent regulatory agencies – the agent. Through a review of recent research we suggest that the principal–agent framework, despite its parsimony and analytical leverage, requires considerable refinement to make sense of these relations. Indeed, evidence on the functioning …
How the Populist Radical Right Transformed Swiss Welfare Politics
This paper shows how the rise of the Swiss People's Party (SVP) has affected welfare state reforms in Switzerland between the 1990s and the 2000s. In the 1990s, welfare state reforms drew on “modernizing” coalitions between FDP (Liberals), CVP (Christian Democrats) and SP (Social Democrats) combining retrenchment and “recalibration”. In the 2000s the FDP and CVP increasingly sided with the SVP in right‐wing coalitions pushing retrenchment alone. …
From Corporatism to Partisan Politics
The literature on neo‐corporatist agreements in social and labor market policy in the 1990s points to a decline of concertation in European countries with a long‐standing tradition of corporatist negotiation. This article identifies a similar trend in Switzerland and argues that three destabilizing factors account for it: 1) retrenchment pressure and ideological polarization prevent compromises; 2) the emergence of new social demands and interest…
How Democratic Is “Governance”? Lessons from Swiss Drug Policy
Public action increasingly takes place in self‐organizing networks that are remote from direct governmental control. While these transformations have been subject to scrutiny in regard to their efficiency, less attention has been paid to their democratic quality. This article discusses governance‐induced problems of democracy by isolating two major criticisms. Deliberative criticism argues that governance, rather than allowing for true deliberati…
How does knowledge circulate in a regulatory network? Observing a European Platform of Regulatory Authorities meeting
Multi‐level networks of regulatory authorities are considered as vectors of knowledge circulation, norm diffusion, and regulatory coordination. However, this is often assumed without empirical scrutiny of the concrete “micro‐dynamics” between individual participants in networks, which remain a “black box” for analysts. This paper is mainly based on direct observation and informal interviews conducted during a meeting of the European Platform of R…
On the Politicisation of the European Union
The debate on the politicisation of the EU should consider its consociational nature. Comparing the EU to Switzerland and Belgium, this article discusses S. Hix's and S. Bartolini's contrasting views on politicisation. S. Hix's recipe for bipolar politicisation is based on some incorrect assumptions. It is not obvious that the EU is evolving towards more Left-Right polarisation. Even if this were the case, the nature of the EU implies that compro…
Economic regulatory reforms in Switzerland
During the 1990s, despite not being a member of the EU and despite the existence of numerous veto-points, Switzerland displayed an unexpectedly high degree of adjustment to inter- and supranational regulations, particularly in the field of economic regulatory reforms. The article explains this high capacity of adjustment by focusing on three major cases: the reform of competition policy, the liberalization of the telecom sector and the reforms of…
Understanding Felt Accountability
The literature on autonomous public agencies often adopts a top‐down approach, focusing on the means with which those agencies can be steered and controlled. This article opens up the black box of the agencies and zooms in on their CEO's and their perceptions of hierarchical accountability. The article focuses on felt accountability, denoting the manager's (a) expectation to have to explain substantive decisions to a parent department perceived t…
Analysis of Functions and Dysfunctions of Direct Democracy
Understanding Accountability in Democratic Governance
This Element comprehensively scrutinizes the key issue of the accountability of policy-makers in democratic governance. The electoral punishment of the incumbents, parliamentary control of the government, and sanctions in the case of administrative misconduct or negligence are the most visible manifestations of accountability in politics. However, the phenomenon is much more complex, and fully understanding such a multifaceted object requires bri…
Positioning Accountability in European Governance
The special issue of which this paper forms the introduction takes as its central focus one particular aspect of democratic governance: accountability. It attempts to position a broad understanding of the notion of accountability within the overall context of the evolving political system of governance in Europe and in particular of the European Union. With accountability at the centre, we consider its relationship to a fairly wide range of other…
Parties, the state and society in Greece
The new Greek party system which emerged after the restoration of democracy in 1974 is characterised by a combination of features indicative of both continuity and change in comparison with the party system that existed before the military coup of 1967. This article concludes that in the present phase the contribution of parties to institutional consolidation and the stability of party identification, though not negligible, remains uncertain. It …
The empirical assessment of agency accountability
Regulation has in many cases been delegated to independent agencies, which has led to the question of how democratic accountability of these agencies is ensured. There are few empirical approaches to agency accountability. We offer such an approach, resting upon three propositions. First, we scrutinize agency accountability both de jure (accountability is ensured by formal rights of accountability ‘fora’ to receive information and impose conseque…
The impact of direct democracy on policy change
Scholarship about both politics and policy tends to represent tools of direct democracy as veto points that are used to prevent policy change. In this study, we move beyond this unidimensional view and explain the conditions under which instruments of direct democracy can be conducive to policy change. We investigate both the direct and indirect effects of citizens’ initiatives to show that, under certain conditions, these can provide an opportun…
Europeanization? Two Logics of Change of Policy-Making Patterns in Switzerland
This article is based on a comparison of changes of policy-making patterns in Switzerland between the strongly Europeanized sector of economic regulatory policy (in spite of Switzerland not being a EU member state) and the weakly Europeanized sector of social policy (as a control case). We observe in both sectors the erosion of the traditional Swiss concensual pattern that was used to imply a strong influence for the interest groups at the expens…
Putting the Special Case in Its Place
This research note presents a set of strategies to conduct small‐N comparisons in policy research including the Swiss case. Even though every country can be considered “special” to some extent, the Swiss political system is often viewed as a particularly difficult case for comparison because of the impact of its idiosyncratic institutional features (most notably direct democracy). In order to deal with this problem, our note sets out two possible…
Connecting Minorities to the Swiss Federal System
Heterogeneous Switzerland is often portrayed as a model of successful nation-building. Two major institutions ensure the representation of federal units within the federal political system: the Council of States branch of the bicameral legislature, and the “double majority” of popular and cantonal votes needed in constitutional referenda. It was expected that both mechanisms would counter centrifugal forces possibly created by the self-government…
The European Semester
In this contribution to the symposium “What's the problem? Multilevel governance and problem‐solving,” we discuss possible reasons that make difficult for the European Semester to achieve the goals of developing mutual learning and the acquisition of “ownership” over fiscal restraint, budgetary coordination and structural reforms. We underscore the uneasy coupling of a “soft” multilevel governance mode with “hard” forms of governance associated w…
Major findings and paths for research
In this concluding note, the editors of this special issue first produce a synthesis of the findings of the empirical cases. Regarding delegation problems in the participatory devices under scrutiny, the conclusions are contrasting, and the outcome depends very much on the institutional design of each procedure, and on the kind of skills that are necessary to participate. Regarding the quality of deliberations, moderately positive conclusions are…
Taking Stock of Multi-Level Governance Networks
This article begins by describing the major characteristics and the origins of multi-level governance (MLG). It then discusses the alleged novelty of MLG practices, whether MLG achieves its goals in terms of policy efficiency and acceptance, and the possible consequences of governance networks for the democratic quality of political decisions. In relation to these matters, it concludes that there is a gap between the intensity of theoretical deba…
Parties, the state and society in Greece
The new Greek party system which emerged after the restoration of democracy in 1974 is characterised by a combination of features indicative of both continuity and change in comparison with the party system that existed before the military coup of 1967. This article concludes that in the present phase the contribution of parties to institutional consolidation and the stability of party identification, though not negligible, remains uncertain. It …
De l'opposition au gouvernement
Papadopoulos Yannis. De l'opposition au gouvernement : l'évolution idéologique du PASOK. In: Revue française de science politique, 40e année, n°1, 1990. pp. 98-124
Mario Caciagli, Pier Vincenzo Uleri (dir.), Democrazie e referendum
Papadopoulos Yannis, Moroni Isabelle. Mario Caciagli, Pier Vincenzo Uleri (dir.), Democrazie e referendum. In: Revue française de science politique, 45e année, n°5, 1995. pp. 876-879
Democrazia E Referendum
Precisazioni concettualiGli strumenti referendari rappresentano un tentativo di conciliare i limiti posti dalle grandi dimensioni del corpo elettorale – che rendono impossibili vere e proprie assemblee popolari del tipoLandsgemeinde– e l'esigenza di una partecipazione diretta dei cittadini ai processi decisionali. Di questi strumenti analizzerò in questa sede i più «democratici», quelli cioè che sono il prodotto di spinte «dal basso», frutto di r…
Analysis of Functions and Dysfunctions of Direct Democracy
Les mécanismes du vote référendaire en Suisse
Papadopoulos Yannis. Les mécanismes du vote référendaire en Suisse : l'impact de l'offre politique. In: Revue française de sociologie, 1996, 37-1. pp. 5-35
Transformations of Party Clientelism in Southern Europe in a Phase of Democratic Consolidation
This note presents some findings from a cross‐country study on the transformations of party clientelism in recently consolidated democracies of Southern Europe, comparing Greece, Portugal and Spain. The results produced here focus on clientelism in employment policies. A number of comparable institutions have been selected in the three countries and in‐depth interviews with actors and experts have been conducted. We discuss the role of ideologica…
Governance, Coordination and Legitimacy in Public Policies
How does direct democracy matter? The impact of referendum votes on politics and policy‐making
2001). How does direct democracy matter? The impact of referendum votes on politics and policy‐making. West European Politics: Vol. 24, The Swiss Labyrinth Institutions, Outcomes and Redesign, pp. 35-58
Gouvernance et légitimité
Cet article traite des problèmes liés à la coordination de l'action publique dans des environnements complexes et fragmentés, à l'exemple de la politique de la drogue dans les principales agglomérations suisses. Deux lignes de conflit principales sont identifiées : les tensions résultant de l'implication de services administratifs et de groupes professionnels aux systèmes de valeurs différents ; et celles entre communes concernant la prise en cha…
Niklas Luhmann et la gouvernance
Niklas Luhmann and gouvernance Dietmar Braun et Yannis Papadopoulos The legacy of the sociologist Niklas Luhmann's work still has an important influence on the public policy analysis in Germany, mainly on the debates and critics implicated by his approach in terms of tuning. After having shortly presented Luhmann's approach of social differentiation into different social sub-systems, this paper sums up some aspects about German controversies on t…
Populism, the Democratic Question, and Contemporary Governance
There is now a substantial body of research on populism which focuses, in particular, on what motivates people to support successful national -populist parties, such as ‘Verdrossenheit’ (frustration) with established parties (Schedler 1996), reactions against the success of ‘left-libertarian’ movements (Kitschelt and McGann 1995), or the concern of the losers in the modernisation process triggered by internationalisation (Kriesi 1999), and the fe…
Connecting Minorities to the Swiss Federal System
Heterogeneous Switzerland is often portrayed as a model of successful nation-building. Two major institutions ensure the representation of federal units within the federal political system: the Council of States branch of the bicameral legislature, and the “double majority” of popular and cantonal votes needed in constitutional referenda. It was expected that both mechanisms would counter centrifugal forces possibly created by the self-government…
Economic regulatory reforms in Switzerland
During the 1990s, despite not being a member of the EU and despite the existence of numerous veto-points, Switzerland displayed an unexpectedly high degree of adjustment to inter- and supranational regulations, particularly in the field of economic regulatory reforms. The article explains this high capacity of adjustment by focusing on three major cases: the reform of competition policy, the liberalization of the telecom sector and the reforms of…
Cooperative forms of governance
Various schools of research in public policy (the literature on ‘governance’ and its continental counterparts) are converging to focus on the growth of policy styles based on cooperation and partnership in networks, instead of on vertical control by the state. This article focuses on issues of democratic accountability and responsiveness with these governance arrangements. It argues that until recently the legitimacy of governance networks was no…
How Democratic Is “Governance”? Lessons from Swiss Drug Policy
Public action increasingly takes place in self‐organizing networks that are remote from direct governmental control. While these transformations have been subject to scrutiny in regard to their efficiency, less attention has been paid to their democratic quality. This article discusses governance‐induced problems of democracy by isolating two major criticisms. Deliberative criticism argues that governance, rather than allowing for true deliberati…
From Corporatism to Partisan Politics
The literature on neo‐corporatist agreements in social and labor market policy in the 1990s points to a decline of concertation in European countries with a long‐standing tradition of corporatist negotiation. This article identifies a similar trend in Switzerland and argues that three destabilizing factors account for it: 1) retrenchment pressure and ideological polarization prevent compromises; 2) the emergence of new social demands and interest…
Implementing (and radicalizing) art. I-47.4 of the Constitution
This contribution scrutinizes how the Swiss approach towards democratization, which not only combines representative and direct democracy, but also includes federalist provisions and implies consociational practices similar to those in the EU, can reduce its democratic deficit. It proposes as a means of implementing art. I-47.4 of the Constitutional Treaty referendums that would be initiated ‘from below’ by citizens' petitions (with balanced geog…
Taking Stock of Multi-Level Governance Networks
This article begins by describing the major characteristics and the origins of multi-level governance (MLG). It then discusses the alleged novelty of MLG practices, whether MLG achieves its goals in terms of policy efficiency and acceptance, and the possible consequences of governance networks for the democratic quality of political decisions. In relation to these matters, it concludes that there is a gap between the intensity of theoretical deba…
Problems of Democratic Accountability in Network and Multilevel Governance
Most studies converge on the growth of processes of ‘multilevel governance’ (MLG) in policy making, related to the often combined trends towards supranationalism and regionalism. Such processes are usually analysed under the angle of their efficiency, while their impact on the quality of democracy is neglected. This article first defines the concepts of multilevel governance and accountability, and then identifies the various dimensions of the la…
Major findings and paths for research
In this concluding note, the editors of this special issue first produce a synthesis of the findings of the empirical cases. Regarding delegation problems in the participatory devices under scrutiny, the conclusions are contrasting, and the outcome depends very much on the institutional design of each procedure, and on the kind of skills that are necessary to participate. Regarding the quality of deliberations, moderately positive conclusions are…
Are innovative, participatory and deliberative procedures in policy making democratic and effective
The overall project aims to establish a dialogue between normative democratic theory and research on policy formulation and implementation. This introductory article first notes the growth of various participatory and deliberative procedures in policy making, portrays the context of this growth and justifies the cases selected. It then presents the conceptual framework used for the study of these procedures, which mainly draws on participatory an…
Europeanization? Two Logics of Change of Policy-Making Patterns in Switzerland
This article is based on a comparison of changes of policy-making patterns in Switzerland between the strongly Europeanized sector of economic regulatory policy (in spite of Switzerland not being a EU member state) and the weakly Europeanized sector of social policy (as a control case). We observe in both sectors the erosion of the traditional Swiss concensual pattern that was used to imply a strong influence for the interest groups at the expens…
Putting the Special Case in Its Place
This research note presents a set of strategies to conduct small‐N comparisons in policy research including the Swiss case. Even though every country can be considered “special” to some extent, the Swiss political system is often viewed as a particularly difficult case for comparison because of the impact of its idiosyncratic institutional features (most notably direct democracy). In order to deal with this problem, our note sets out two possible…
On the Politicisation of the European Union
The debate on the politicisation of the EU should consider its consociational nature. Comparing the EU to Switzerland and Belgium, this article discusses S. Hix's and S. Bartolini's contrasting views on politicisation. S. Hix's recipe for bipolar politicisation is based on some incorrect assumptions. It is not obvious that the EU is evolving towards more Left-Right polarisation. Even if this were the case, the nature of the EU implies that compro…
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