Richard D Smith
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 3926451 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Richard D Smith |
| NOMBRES | Richard D |
| APELLIDO | Smith |
| FIRMA | SMITH R D |
| AFILIACIONES | Foreign and Commonwealth Office |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-4553-5426 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 40 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 157 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 40 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1968 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Impact of calorie labelling on online takeaway food choices
Eating out-of-home is linked to higher calorie intake and body weight, risk factors for obesity, diabetes and other diseases. This study examined whether providing calorie information on online takeaway food menus leads to lower-calorie food choices. A Menu-based Choice Experiment was conducted in November 2022 among 1040 online takeaway consumers in England (Kantar's Worldpanel Out of Home Purchase Panel). Each participant chose their preferred …
A multi-country comparison of jurisdictions with and without mandatory nutrition labelling policies in restaurants
Objective: To examine differences in noticing and use of nutrition information comparing jurisdictions with and without mandatory menu labelling policies and examine differences among sociodemographic groups. Design: Cross-sectional data from the International Food Policy Study (IFPS) online survey. Setting: IFPS participants from Australia, Canada, Mexico, United Kingdom and USA in 2019. Participants: Adults aged 18–99; n 19 393. Results: Partic…
How states engage in and exercise power in global health
While long overlooked, power is central to understand how actors engage in global health policymaking. We reviewed how the Japanese and Indonesian governments exerted power and engaged in global health diplomacy during negotiations to conceptualize the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goal for health (SDG3). We conducted deliberative policy analysis including semi-structured, in-depth, interviews with more than 71 policymakers, which we analyzed…
Like parent, like child
Objective: Most research investigating sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and health, conducted at the individual or household level, ignores potentially important intra-household dynamics. We analysed self-reported consumption relationships between children and adults, and between children of different ages, as well as the associations between intra-household consumption, BMI and sociodemographic characteristics. Design: A cross-sectional analysis …
Have socio-economic inequalities in sugar purchasing widened? A longitudinal analysis of food and beverage consumer data from British households, 2014–2017
Objective: To examine socio-economic inequalities in decreases in household sugar purchasing in Great Britain (GB). Design: Longitudinal, population-based study. Setting: Data were obtained from the GB Kantar Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) panel (2014–2017), a nationally representative panel study of food and beverages bought and brought into the home. We estimated changes in daily sugar purchases by occupational social grade from twenty-three…
Global-scale action in health
Health Policy and Planning, doi: 10.1093/heapol/czaa090 In the originally published version of this manuscript, author Robert Marten’s affiliation was incorrect. The affiliation has been changed to: “Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, WC1H 9SH, UK” in the online version.
Reducing consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages through banning price promotions
Objective: Increasing prevalence of overweight and obese people in England has led policymakers to consider regulating the use of price promotions on foods high in fat, sugar and salt content. In January 2019, the government opened a consultation programme for a policy proposal that significantly restricts the use of price promotions that can induce consumers to buy higher volumes of unhealthy foods and beverages. These proposed policies are the …
Global-scale action in health
Koplan et al. (2009) wrote of global health: The need for a commonly used and accepted definition extends beyond semantics...[A] shorthand term...might obscure important differences in philosophy, strategies, and priorities for action...If we do not clearly define what we mean..., we cannot possibly reach agreement about what we are trying to achieve, the approaches we must take, the skills that are needed, and the ways that we should use resourc…
Palm oil and dietary change
Palm oil is a cooking oil and food ingredient in widespread use in the global food system. However, as a highly saturated fat, palm oil consumption has been associated with negative effects on cardiovascular health, while large scale oil palm production has been linked to deforestation. We construct an innovative fully integrated Macroeconomic-Environmental-Demographic-health (MED-health) model to undertake integrated health, environmental, and e…
Fat tax or thin subsidy? How price increases and decreases affect the energy and nutrient content of food and beverage purchases in Great Britain
Socio-economic patterning of expenditures on 'out-of-home' food and non-alcoholic beverages by product and place of purchase in Britain
West Indian intellectuals in Britain
Established in the belief that imperialism as a cultural phenomenon had as significant an effect on the dominant as on the subordinate societies, Studies in Imperialism seeks to develop the new socio-cultural approach which has emerged through cross-disciplinary work on popular culture, media studies, art history, the study of education and religion, sports history and children's literature.The cultural emphasis embraces studies of migration and …
Viewpoint
The welfare implications of public healthcare financing
Studies on global health and development suggest that there is a strong correlation between the burden of disease and a country's level of income. Poorer countries tend to suffer more deaths from preventable causes such as communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions, compared with high-income countries. In low-income countries, the government health expenditure share in the general government budget is low and out-of-pocket payme…
The Foreign Office, Commerce and British Foreign Policy in the Twentieth Century
This book addresses the interface of the British Foreign Office, foreign policy and commerce in the twentieth century. Two related questions are considered: what did the Foreign Office do to support British commerce, and how did commerce influence British foreign policy? The editors of this work collect a range of case studies that explore the attitude of the Foreign Office towards commerce and trade promotion, against the backdrop of a century o…
How much priority is given to nutrition and health in the EU Common Agricultural Policy
Agriculture in the European Union (EU) is strongly influenced by the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). There have been repeated calls for CAP to address nutrition-related health, particularly obesity and non-communicable disease (NCD) in the EU. However, aligning agricultural policy such as CAP with nutrition is complex, not least because the aims of agricultural policy are predominantly economic, presenting a challenge for developing coherence b…
Improving regulatory capacity to manage risks associated with trade agreements
Modern trade negotiations have delivered a plethora of bilateral and regional preferential trade agreements (PTAs), which involve considerable risk to public health, thus placing demands on governments to strengthen administrative regulatory capacities in regard to the negotiation, implementation and on-going management of PTAs. In terms of risk management, the administrative regulatory capacity requisite for appropriate negotiation of PTAs is di…
Use and cumulation of evidence from modelling studies to inform policy on food taxes and subsidies
Effects estimated by simulation studies of food taxes and subsidies can be expected to diverge in potentially important ways from those that would accrue in practice because these models are simplified, typically static, representations of complex adaptive systems. The level of confidence that can be placed in modelled estimates of effects is correspondingly low, and the level of associated uncertainty is high. Moreover, evidence from food tax-su…
International patients within the NHS
Developing a Capability-Based Questionnaire for Assessing Well-Being in Patients with Chronic Pain
The UK response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
Although not unexpected, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan was still largely a shock to the West. It was the first time since the Second World War that the Soviets had directly intervened in a country outside the Warsaw Pact. Despite the intervention eventually being seen as Moscow's ‘Vietnam’ the West was initially unsure about what the invasion meant for stability in the region or the future conduct of East–West relations. In response to the c…
How is Telemedicine perceived? A qualitative study of perspectives from the UK and India
BACKGROUND: Improvements in communication and information technologies have allowed for the globalisation of health services, especially the provision of health services from other countries, such as the use of telemedicine. This has led countries to evaluate their position on whether and to what extent they should open their health systems to trade. This often takes place from the context of multi-lateral trade agreements (under the auspices of …
The potential for bi-lateral agreements in medical tourism
BACKGROUND: Globalisation has prompted countries to evaluate their position on trade in health services. However, this is often done from a multi-lateral, rather than a regional or bi-lateral perspective. In a previous review, we concluded that most of the issues raised could be better addressed from a bi-lateral relationship. We report here the results of a qualitative exercise to assess stakeholders' perceptions on the prospects for such a bi-l…
Estimating the economic impact of pandemic influenza
Concepts of Capability and Overlooked Applications
We read with interest the recent paper by Ruger on conceptualizing and operationalizing health capability. She stated that ‘‘No work to date has developed a conceptual model or health capability profile leading to methods for addressing health capability deprivations,’’ and then goes on to develop such a model and profile. We agree that literature in this area is limited but draw readers’ attention to a number of articles from the health economic…
Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks
Welfarism, extra-welfarism and capability
International patients within the NHS
Developing a Capability-Based Questionnaire for Assessing Well-Being in Patients with Chronic Pain
The changing urban hierarchy
Smith R. D. P. (1968) The changing urban hierarchy, Reg. Studies 2, 1–19. An attempt to identify changes in the ranking of towns as central places in England (outside Greater London) since 1938. A ranking in nine Sub-orders for 1965 is compared with a five-order ranking devised by Prof. A. E. Smailes using pre-war data. A wide range of indicators is studied, excluding Local Government administration which is under review. Principal conclusions ar…
Estimating the economic impact of pandemic influenza
Viewpoint
The changing urban hierarchy in Wales
Smith R. D. P. (1970) The changing urban hierarchy in Wales, Reg. Studies 4, 85–96. An extension of a recently-published study relating to England, with which it is uniform. A ranking of central places for 1965 is compared with pre-war data. Major centres have held or gained status and new regional centres are indicated. Minor centres tend to be weak and becoming weaker, particularly those which are not centres of bus services. Welsh-speaking are…
Fat tax or thin subsidy? How price increases and decreases affect the energy and nutrient content of food and beverage purchases in Great Britain
Socio-economic patterning of expenditures on 'out-of-home' food and non-alcoholic beverages by product and place of purchase in Britain
West Indian intellectuals in Britain
Established in the belief that imperialism as a cultural phenomenon had as significant an effect on the dominant as on the subordinate societies, Studies in Imperialism seeks to develop the new socio-cultural approach which has emerged through cross-disciplinary work on popular culture, media studies, art history, the study of education and religion, sports history and children's literature.The cultural emphasis embraces studies of migration and …
Palm oil and dietary change
Palm oil is a cooking oil and food ingredient in widespread use in the global food system. However, as a highly saturated fat, palm oil consumption has been associated with negative effects on cardiovascular health, while large scale oil palm production has been linked to deforestation. We construct an innovative fully integrated Macroeconomic-Environmental-Demographic-health (MED-health) model to undertake integrated health, environmental, and e…
How much priority is given to nutrition and health in the EU Common Agricultural Policy
Agriculture in the European Union (EU) is strongly influenced by the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). There have been repeated calls for CAP to address nutrition-related health, particularly obesity and non-communicable disease (NCD) in the EU. However, aligning agricultural policy such as CAP with nutrition is complex, not least because the aims of agricultural policy are predominantly economic, presenting a challenge for developing coherence b…
On the numerical forms of contingent valuation responses
The changing urban hierarchy in Scotland
Smith R. D. P. (1978) The changing urban hierarchy in Scotland, Reg. Studies 12, 331–351. An extension of earlier studies relating to England and Wales with which it is as uniform as the different conditions in Scotland permit. All significant centres are identified as at 1951 and 1971 and changes recorded. Results indicate a slow fall in the number of significant centres and in the role of three of the four city centres. The growth of a number o…
Impact of calorie labelling on online takeaway food choices
Eating out-of-home is linked to higher calorie intake and body weight, risk factors for obesity, diabetes and other diseases. This study examined whether providing calorie information on online takeaway food menus leads to lower-calorie food choices. A Menu-based Choice Experiment was conducted in November 2022 among 1040 online takeaway consumers in England (Kantar's Worldpanel Out of Home Purchase Panel). Each participant chose their preferred …
The welfare implications of public healthcare financing
Studies on global health and development suggest that there is a strong correlation between the burden of disease and a country's level of income. Poorer countries tend to suffer more deaths from preventable causes such as communicable, maternal, perinatal and nutritional conditions, compared with high-income countries. In low-income countries, the government health expenditure share in the general government budget is low and out-of-pocket payme…
Concepts of Capability and Overlooked Applications
We read with interest the recent paper by Ruger on conceptualizing and operationalizing health capability. She stated that ‘‘No work to date has developed a conceptual model or health capability profile leading to methods for addressing health capability deprivations,’’ and then goes on to develop such a model and profile. We agree that literature in this area is limited but draw readers’ attention to a number of articles from the health economic…
Trade and public health
It is vital that public health professionals engage with issues concerning trade organisations and treaties
The changing urban hierarchy
Smith R. D. P. (1968) The changing urban hierarchy, Reg. Studies 2, 1–19. An attempt to identify changes in the ranking of towns as central places in England (outside Greater London) since 1938. A ranking in nine Sub-orders for 1965 is compared with a five-order ranking devised by Prof. A. E. Smailes using pre-war data. A wide range of indicators is studied, excluding Local Government administration which is under review. Principal conclusions ar…
The changing urban hierarchy in Wales
Smith R. D. P. (1970) The changing urban hierarchy in Wales, Reg. Studies 4, 85–96. An extension of a recently-published study relating to England, with which it is uniform. A ranking of central places for 1965 is compared with pre-war data. Major centres have held or gained status and new regional centres are indicated. Minor centres tend to be weak and becoming weaker, particularly those which are not centres of bus services. Welsh-speaking are…
The changing urban hierarchy in Scotland
Smith R. D. P. (1978) The changing urban hierarchy in Scotland, Reg. Studies 12, 331–351. An extension of earlier studies relating to England and Wales with which it is as uniform as the different conditions in Scotland permit. All significant centres are identified as at 1951 and 1971 and changes recorded. Results indicate a slow fall in the number of significant centres and in the role of three of the four city centres. The growth of a number o…
The Use of Memory
Journal Article The Use of Memory Get access R D Smith R D Smith Correspondence: R. D. Smith, School of Education, University of Durham, Leazes Road, Durham DH1 IT A, England. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Philosophy of Education, Volume 17, Issue 1, July 1983, Pages 85–96, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9752.1983.tb00018.x Published: 30 May 2006
Foreign direct investment and trade in health services
Trade and public health
It is vital that public health professionals engage with issues concerning trade organisations and treaties
Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks
Grand challenges in chronic non-communicable diseases
Blackwell Guide to the Philosophy of Education
Global public goods and the global health agenda
The 'global public good' (GPG) concept has gained increasing attention, in health as well as development circles. However, it has suffered in finding currency as a general tool for global resource mobilisation, and is at risk of being attached to almost anything promoting development. This overstretches and devalues the validity and usefulness of the concept. This paper first defines GPGs and describes the policy challenge that they pose. Second,…
Self-Reported Mental Health-Related Quality of Life and Mortality in Men and Women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (Epic-Norfolk)
Objective: To explore the relationship between self-reported mental functional health and mortality. Methods: Participants included 17,777 men and women aged 40 to 79 years at baseline who lived in Norfolk, UK, and had no known cardiovascular disease or cancer, and completed the anglicized Short Form 36-item questionnaire (UK SF-36) during 1996 to 2000 in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk prospective population study. We …
Fruit and vegetable consumption and self-reported functional health in men and women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer–Norfolk (Epic–Norfolk)
Objectives To investigate the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and self-reported physical and mental functional health measured by an anglicised short-form 36-item questionnaire (UK SF-36). Design Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting General community in Norfolk, UK. Subjects A total of 16 792 men and women aged 40–79 years recruited from general practice population registers as part of the European Prospective Inves…
On the numerical forms of contingent valuation responses
Food Security and International Fisheries Policy in Japan's Postwar Planning
Japanese fisheries and food-security policy objectives of the postwar era were first conceived during the Allied Occupation and negotiations for the San Francisco Treaty. Official Japanese planning was largely concerned with food security, involving a high degree of self-sufficiency in fisheries in order to reduce the economic burden imposed by importing necessary food resources. The San Francisco Treaty provided the architecture for internationa…
Welfarism, extra-welfarism and capability
Concepts of Capability and Overlooked Applications
We read with interest the recent paper by Ruger on conceptualizing and operationalizing health capability. She stated that ‘‘No work to date has developed a conceptual model or health capability profile leading to methods for addressing health capability deprivations,’’ and then goes on to develop such a model and profile. We agree that literature in this area is limited but draw readers’ attention to a number of articles from the health economic…
How is Telemedicine perceived? A qualitative study of perspectives from the UK and India
BACKGROUND: Improvements in communication and information technologies have allowed for the globalisation of health services, especially the provision of health services from other countries, such as the use of telemedicine. This has led countries to evaluate their position on whether and to what extent they should open their health systems to trade. This often takes place from the context of multi-lateral trade agreements (under the auspices of …
The potential for bi-lateral agreements in medical tourism
BACKGROUND: Globalisation has prompted countries to evaluate their position on trade in health services. However, this is often done from a multi-lateral, rather than a regional or bi-lateral perspective. In a previous review, we concluded that most of the issues raised could be better addressed from a bi-lateral relationship. We report here the results of a qualitative exercise to assess stakeholders' perceptions on the prospects for such a bi-l…
Estimating the economic impact of pandemic influenza
The UK response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
Although not unexpected, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan was still largely a shock to the West. It was the first time since the Second World War that the Soviets had directly intervened in a country outside the Warsaw Pact. Despite the intervention eventually being seen as Moscow's ‘Vietnam’ the West was initially unsure about what the invasion meant for stability in the region or the future conduct of East–West relations. In response to the c…
Improving regulatory capacity to manage risks associated with trade agreements
Modern trade negotiations have delivered a plethora of bilateral and regional preferential trade agreements (PTAs), which involve considerable risk to public health, thus placing demands on governments to strengthen administrative regulatory capacities in regard to the negotiation, implementation and on-going management of PTAs. In terms of risk management, the administrative regulatory capacity requisite for appropriate negotiation of PTAs is di…
Use and cumulation of evidence from modelling studies to inform policy on food taxes and subsidies
Effects estimated by simulation studies of food taxes and subsidies can be expected to diverge in potentially important ways from those that would accrue in practice because these models are simplified, typically static, representations of complex adaptive systems. The level of confidence that can be placed in modelled estimates of effects is correspondingly low, and the level of associated uncertainty is high. Moreover, evidence from food tax-su…
International patients within the NHS
Developing a Capability-Based Questionnaire for Assessing Well-Being in Patients with Chronic Pain
The Foreign Office, Commerce and British Foreign Policy in the Twentieth Century
This book addresses the interface of the British Foreign Office, foreign policy and commerce in the twentieth century. Two related questions are considered: what did the Foreign Office do to support British commerce, and how did commerce influence British foreign policy? The editors of this work collect a range of case studies that explore the attitude of the Foreign Office towards commerce and trade promotion, against the backdrop of a century o…
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