James F Blanchard

Datos Biográficos

ID	3930472
NOMBRE	James F Blanchard
NOMBRES	James F
APELLIDO	Blanchard
FIRMA	BLANCHARD J F
AFILIACIONES	Tara S. H. Beattie, Lori Heise, Peter Vickerman, Charlotte Watts, and Sudha Chandrashekar are with the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Harnalli L. Mohan, Parinita Bhattacharjee, Shajy Isac, and Ravi Prakash are with the Karnataka Health Promotion Trust (KHPT), Bangalore, India. Tisha Wheeler is with the Futures Group, Durham, NC. Banadakoppa M. Ramesh, James F. Blanchard, and Stephen Moses are with The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg.
VERIFICADO	No
TOTAL DE OBRAS	20
TOTAL DE CITAS	21
TOTAL COMO AUTOR	20
TOTAL COMO EDITOR	0
PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN	2002
AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN	2025
ÍNDICE H	2

The Role of Public Health Services in Reducing Maternal and Newborn Health Inequalities in Urban India
Open AccessAndrea Katryn Blanchard, Ramesh Banadakoppa Manjappa et al.ARTICLEJournal of Urban Health2025
India has experienced rapid urbanisation, straining the healthcare system. The National Urban Health Mission was launched in 2013 to improve access to public healthcare, particularly among socio-economically disadvantaged urban populations. This study aimed to assess whether inequalities in maternal and newborn health (MNH) service coverage and outcomes between richer and poorer groups have improved at public and private sources across urban Indi…
Assessing awareness and use of HIV self-testing kits after the introduction of a community-based HIV self-testing programme among men who have sex with men in Kenya
Open AccessSouradet Y Shaw, Stella Leung et al.ARTICLEPLOS Global Public Health2023
Men who have sex with men (MSM) bear a disproportionate burden of new HIV infections in Kenya, while experiencing discrimination, leading to suboptimal levels of HIV care. HIV self-testing (HIVST) is a tool to increase HIV screening and earlier diagnosis; however, questions remain regarding how best to scale-up HIVST to MSM in Kenya. The main objective of this study was to examine changes in knowledge and use of HIVST after implementation of a co…
Leaving no one behind? An equity analysis of the HIV care cascade among a cohort of people living with HIV in Manitoba, Canada
Open AccessLeigh M McClarty, Jenny Blanchard et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2021
Inequalities exist across the cascade for different groups of Manitobans living with HIV; equiplots are an innovative method for visualizing these inequalities. Alongside future research aiming to understand why inequalities exist across the cascade in Manitoba, our equity analyses can generate hypotheses and provide evidence to inform patient-centred care plans that meet the needs of diverse client subgroups and advocate for policy changes that …
Heterogeneity in geographical trends of HIV epidemics among key populations in Pakistan
Open AccessDessalegn Y Melesse, Leigh Anne Shafer et al.ARTICLEJournal of Global Health2018
BACKGROUND: /transgender/male sex workers (H/MSWs), in Pakistan. METHODS: The UNAIDS Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) mathematical model was used to explore geographical trends in HIV epidemics. Four rounds of mapping and surveillance data collected among key populations (KPs) across 20 cities in Pakistan between 2005-2011 was used for modeling. Empirical estimates of HIV prevalence of each KP in each city were used to fit the model to est…
Prior history of testing for syphilis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C among a population-based cohort of HIV-positive individuals and their HIV-negative controls
Souradet Y Shaw, Laurie Ireland et al.ARTICLEAIDS Care2017
Understanding patterns of serological testing for hepatitis B & C, and syphilis among HIV-positive individuals, prior to HIV diagnosis, can inform HIV diagnosis, engagement and prevention strategies. This was a population-based, retrospective analysis of prior serological testing among HIV-positive individuals in Manitoba, Canada. HIV cases were age-, sex- and region-matched to HIV-negative controls at a 1:5 ratio. Conditional logistic regression…
Increasing incidence of anogenital warts with an urban–rural divide among males in Manitoba, Canada, 1990–2011
Open AccessLaura H Thompson, Zoann Nugent et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2016
There is a need for education about AGW in male population. The upcoming initiation of HPV vaccination among boys may reduce the incidence and should be evaluated
Reducing violence and increasing condom use in the intimate partnerships of female sex workers
Open AccessTara Beattie, Tara S Beattie et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2016
Clinical Trials NCT02807259 Jun 24 2016 (retrospectively registered)
Supporting adolescent girls to stay in school, reduce child marriage and reduce entry into sex work as HIV risk prevention in north Karnataka, India
Open AccessTara Beattie, Tara S Beattie et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2015
ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT01996241 . 16th November 2013
Pregnancy wastage among HIV infected women in a high HIV prevalence district of India
Open AccessShiva S Halli, C G Hussain Khan et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2015
HIV prevention and care programs need to consider the reproductive health needs of HIV infected married women as a priority area since large proportion of these women reported negative pregnancy outcomes. There is also a need to explore ways to raise the age at marriage in order to stop women getting married before the legal age at marriage
Relationship between exposure to the Avahan intervention and levels of reported condom use among men who have sex with men in southern India
Open AccessKate M Mitchell, Anna M Foss et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2014
Direct contact with Avahan program staff is associated with increased reported condom use among men who have sex with men in Bangalore. Reported consistent condom use and condom use at last sex act are associated with contacts involving demonstrations of correct condom use, and with receiving condoms, respectively
Circumstances, experiences and processes surrounding women's entry into sex work in India
Leigh M McClarty, Parinita Bhattacharjee et al.ARTICLECulture Health & Sexuality2014
Evidence suggests that in India, the early stages of a woman's career as a sex worker may be an important period to target for HIV and sexually transmitted infection prevention. Before such an intervention is designed and implemented, it is necessary to first understand the life circumstances of women at the start of their sex work careers. We performed a review to bring together available literature pertaining to entry into sex work in India and…
Community Mobilization and Empowerment of Female Sex Workers in Karnataka State, South India
Tara Beattie, Tara S H Beattie et al.ARTICLEAmerican Journal of Public Health2014Citada por: 2Referencias: 48
Objectives. We examined the impact of community mobilization (CM) on the empowerment, risk behaviors, and prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infection in female sex workers (FSWs) in Karnataka, India. Methods. We conducted behavioral–biological surveys in 2008 and 2011 in 4 districts of Karnataka, India. We defined exposure to CM as low, medium (attended nongovernmental organization meeting or drop-in centre), or high (member of collectiv…
Community mobilization, empowerment and HIV prevention among female sex workers in south India
Open AccessAndrea Katryn Blanchard, Haranahalli Lakkappa Mohan et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2013
These findings support the hypothesis that community mobilization has benefits for empowering FSWs both individually and collectively. HIV prevention is strengthened by improving their ability to address different psycho-social and community-level sources of their vulnerability. Future challenges include the need to develop social, political and legal contexts that support community mobilization of FSWs, and to prospectively measure the impact of…
Characterizing sexual histories of women before formal sex-work in south India from a cross-sectional survey
Open AccessSharmistha Mishra, Satyanarayana Ramanaik et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2012
FSWs identify as sex-workers several years after becoming sexually active, even when the first-sex is commercial in nature. Long-term partnerships are common after a commercial first-sex, and are associated with a delay in formally entering the sex-trade. The findings call for a better understanding of HIV/STI risk before FSWs identify as sex-workers, and an adaptive programme to reach this period of vulnerability
An integrated structural intervention to reduce vulnerability to HIV and sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Karnataka state, south India
Open AccessVandana Gurnani, Tara Beattie et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2011
Stigma, discrimination, violence, harassment and social equity issues are critical concerns of FSWs. This report demonstrates that it is possible to address these broader structural factors as part of large-scale HIV prevention programming. Although assessing the impact of the various components of a structural intervention on reducing HIV vulnerability is difficult, addressing the broader structural factors contributing to FSW vulnerability is c…
Prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among clients of female sex workers in Karnataka, India
Open AccessSouradet Y Shaw, K Deering et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2011
This study fills in important gaps in knowledge regarding clients in southern India. The strong association between HIV and HSV-2 infections highlights the complications in designing effective prevention, intervention and management programs of this well-hidden population
Heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic in the general population of Karnataka state, south India
Open AccessPradeep Banandur, Subramanian Rajaram et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2011
The HIV epidemic in Karnataka shows considerable heterogeneity, and there appears to be an increasing gradient in HIV prevalence from south to north. The sex work structure in the northern districts may explain the higher prevalence of HIV in northern Karnataka. The higher prevalence of HIV and HSV-2 and lower prevalence of curable STIs in Belgaum suggests a later epidemic phase. Similarly, higher prevalence of curable STIs and lower HIV and HSV-…
Violence against female sex workers in Karnataka state, south India
Open AccessTara Beattie, Tara SH Beattie et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2010
This program demonstrates that a structural approach to addressing violence can be effectively delivered at scale. Addressing violence against FSWs is important for the success of HIV prevention programs, and for protecting their basic human rights
Dhandha, dharma and disease
Open AccessJohn O’neil, Treena Orchard et al.ARTICLESocial Science & Medicine2004Citada por: 19Referencias: 16
Preventable Feto-infant Mortality
Open AccessMaureen Heaman, Lawrence Elliott et al.ARTICLECanadian Journal of Public Health2002Referencias: 12

Preventable Feto-infant Mortality
Open AccessMaureen Heaman, Lawrence Elliott et al.ARTICLECanadian Journal of Public Health2002Referencias: 12
Dhandha, dharma and disease
Open AccessJohn O’neil, Treena Orchard et al.ARTICLESocial Science & Medicine2004Citada por: 19Referencias: 16
Violence against female sex workers in Karnataka state, south India
Open AccessTara Beattie, Tara SH Beattie et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2010
This program demonstrates that a structural approach to addressing violence can be effectively delivered at scale. Addressing violence against FSWs is important for the success of HIV prevention programs, and for protecting their basic human rights
An integrated structural intervention to reduce vulnerability to HIV and sexually transmitted infections among female sex workers in Karnataka state, south India
Open AccessVandana Gurnani, Tara Beattie et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2011
Stigma, discrimination, violence, harassment and social equity issues are critical concerns of FSWs. This report demonstrates that it is possible to address these broader structural factors as part of large-scale HIV prevention programming. Although assessing the impact of the various components of a structural intervention on reducing HIV vulnerability is difficult, addressing the broader structural factors contributing to FSW vulnerability is c…
Prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among clients of female sex workers in Karnataka, India
Open AccessSouradet Y Shaw, K Deering et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2011
This study fills in important gaps in knowledge regarding clients in southern India. The strong association between HIV and HSV-2 infections highlights the complications in designing effective prevention, intervention and management programs of this well-hidden population
Heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic in the general population of Karnataka state, south India
Open AccessPradeep Banandur, Subramanian Rajaram et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2011
The HIV epidemic in Karnataka shows considerable heterogeneity, and there appears to be an increasing gradient in HIV prevalence from south to north. The sex work structure in the northern districts may explain the higher prevalence of HIV in northern Karnataka. The higher prevalence of HIV and HSV-2 and lower prevalence of curable STIs in Belgaum suggests a later epidemic phase. Similarly, higher prevalence of curable STIs and lower HIV and HSV-…
Characterizing sexual histories of women before formal sex-work in south India from a cross-sectional survey
Open AccessSharmistha Mishra, Satyanarayana Ramanaik et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2012
FSWs identify as sex-workers several years after becoming sexually active, even when the first-sex is commercial in nature. Long-term partnerships are common after a commercial first-sex, and are associated with a delay in formally entering the sex-trade. The findings call for a better understanding of HIV/STI risk before FSWs identify as sex-workers, and an adaptive programme to reach this period of vulnerability
Community mobilization, empowerment and HIV prevention among female sex workers in south India
Open AccessAndrea Katryn Blanchard, Haranahalli Lakkappa Mohan et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2013
These findings support the hypothesis that community mobilization has benefits for empowering FSWs both individually and collectively. HIV prevention is strengthened by improving their ability to address different psycho-social and community-level sources of their vulnerability. Future challenges include the need to develop social, political and legal contexts that support community mobilization of FSWs, and to prospectively measure the impact of…
Relationship between exposure to the Avahan intervention and levels of reported condom use among men who have sex with men in southern India
Open AccessKate M Mitchell, Anna M Foss et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2014
Direct contact with Avahan program staff is associated with increased reported condom use among men who have sex with men in Bangalore. Reported consistent condom use and condom use at last sex act are associated with contacts involving demonstrations of correct condom use, and with receiving condoms, respectively
Circumstances, experiences and processes surrounding women's entry into sex work in India
Leigh M McClarty, Parinita Bhattacharjee et al.ARTICLECulture Health & Sexuality2014
Evidence suggests that in India, the early stages of a woman's career as a sex worker may be an important period to target for HIV and sexually transmitted infection prevention. Before such an intervention is designed and implemented, it is necessary to first understand the life circumstances of women at the start of their sex work careers. We performed a review to bring together available literature pertaining to entry into sex work in India and…
Community Mobilization and Empowerment of Female Sex Workers in Karnataka State, South India
Tara Beattie, Tara S H Beattie et al.ARTICLEAmerican Journal of Public Health2014Citada por: 2Referencias: 48
Objectives. We examined the impact of community mobilization (CM) on the empowerment, risk behaviors, and prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infection in female sex workers (FSWs) in Karnataka, India. Methods. We conducted behavioral–biological surveys in 2008 and 2011 in 4 districts of Karnataka, India. We defined exposure to CM as low, medium (attended nongovernmental organization meeting or drop-in centre), or high (member of collectiv…
Supporting adolescent girls to stay in school, reduce child marriage and reduce entry into sex work as HIV risk prevention in north Karnataka, India
Open AccessTara Beattie, Tara S Beattie et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2015
ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT01996241 . 16th November 2013
Pregnancy wastage among HIV infected women in a high HIV prevalence district of India
Open AccessShiva S Halli, C G Hussain Khan et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2015
HIV prevention and care programs need to consider the reproductive health needs of HIV infected married women as a priority area since large proportion of these women reported negative pregnancy outcomes. There is also a need to explore ways to raise the age at marriage in order to stop women getting married before the legal age at marriage
Increasing incidence of anogenital warts with an urban–rural divide among males in Manitoba, Canada, 1990–2011
Open AccessLaura H Thompson, Zoann Nugent et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2016
There is a need for education about AGW in male population. The upcoming initiation of HPV vaccination among boys may reduce the incidence and should be evaluated
Reducing violence and increasing condom use in the intimate partnerships of female sex workers
Open AccessTara Beattie, Tara S Beattie et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2016
Clinical Trials NCT02807259 Jun 24 2016 (retrospectively registered)
Prior history of testing for syphilis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C among a population-based cohort of HIV-positive individuals and their HIV-negative controls
Souradet Y Shaw, Laurie Ireland et al.ARTICLEAIDS Care2017
Understanding patterns of serological testing for hepatitis B & C, and syphilis among HIV-positive individuals, prior to HIV diagnosis, can inform HIV diagnosis, engagement and prevention strategies. This was a population-based, retrospective analysis of prior serological testing among HIV-positive individuals in Manitoba, Canada. HIV cases were age-, sex- and region-matched to HIV-negative controls at a 1:5 ratio. Conditional logistic regression…
Heterogeneity in geographical trends of HIV epidemics among key populations in Pakistan
Open AccessDessalegn Y Melesse, Leigh Anne Shafer et al.ARTICLEJournal of Global Health2018
BACKGROUND: /transgender/male sex workers (H/MSWs), in Pakistan. METHODS: The UNAIDS Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) mathematical model was used to explore geographical trends in HIV epidemics. Four rounds of mapping and surveillance data collected among key populations (KPs) across 20 cities in Pakistan between 2005-2011 was used for modeling. Empirical estimates of HIV prevalence of each KP in each city were used to fit the model to est…
Leaving no one behind? An equity analysis of the HIV care cascade among a cohort of people living with HIV in Manitoba, Canada
Open AccessLeigh M McClarty, Jenny Blanchard et al.ARTICLEBMC Public Health2021
Inequalities exist across the cascade for different groups of Manitobans living with HIV; equiplots are an innovative method for visualizing these inequalities. Alongside future research aiming to understand why inequalities exist across the cascade in Manitoba, our equity analyses can generate hypotheses and provide evidence to inform patient-centred care plans that meet the needs of diverse client subgroups and advocate for policy changes that …
Assessing awareness and use of HIV self-testing kits after the introduction of a community-based HIV self-testing programme among men who have sex with men in Kenya
Open AccessSouradet Y Shaw, Stella Leung et al.ARTICLEPLOS Global Public Health2023
Men who have sex with men (MSM) bear a disproportionate burden of new HIV infections in Kenya, while experiencing discrimination, leading to suboptimal levels of HIV care. HIV self-testing (HIVST) is a tool to increase HIV screening and earlier diagnosis; however, questions remain regarding how best to scale-up HIVST to MSM in Kenya. The main objective of this study was to examine changes in knowledge and use of HIVST after implementation of a co…
The Role of Public Health Services in Reducing Maternal and Newborn Health Inequalities in Urban India
Open AccessAndrea Katryn Blanchard, Ramesh Banadakoppa Manjappa et al.ARTICLEJournal of Urban Health2025
India has experienced rapid urbanisation, straining the healthcare system. The National Urban Health Mission was launched in 2013 to improve access to public healthcare, particularly among socio-economically disadvantaged urban populations. This study aimed to assess whether inequalities in maternal and newborn health (MNH) service coverage and outcomes between richer and poorer groups have improved at public and private sources across urban Indi…