Eva Ruffing
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4128560 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Eva Ruffing |
| NOMBRES | Eva |
| APELLIDO | Ruffing |
| FIRMA | RUFFING E |
| AFILIACIONES | Osnabrück University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-2747-0913 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 220 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2008 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 8 |
Self‐enforcing path dependent trajectories? A comparison of the implementation of the EU energy packages in Germany and the Netherlands
Since the 1990s, the EU has attempted to create a common electricity market. However, EU legislators are unsatisfied by the results. We argue that differentiated implementation of directives over time creates path dependencies that entrench national differences. The actor constellation of parties and incumbent operators at the beginning of the liberalization path determines how well countries implement liberalizing directives. The implementation,…
Differentiated policy implementation in the European Union
This special issue analyses the patterns, causes and consequences of Differentiated Policy Implementation (DPI) in the European Union (EU). DPI is an umbrella term for the diversity in the presence and use of discretion during legal and practical policy implementation processes and outcomes in the EU. The emergent DPI research agenda emphasises differentiation in EU policy implementation beyond mere legal compliance, which is more widespread, and…
The competence‐control dilemma and the institutional design of European Union agencies
In the past decades, European Union (EU) agencies have proliferated to address a plethora of governance problems. When designing EU agencies, EU legislators confront a tension: Legislators want agencies to be competent problem‐solvers, but they also want to keep agencies under control. How do EU legislators balance these two imperatives? We argue that agencies' political principals do not necessarily have to trade competence for control, and vice…
New avenues in implementation research
The European Union has developed an ambitious tobacco policy regime. However, this area shows striking differences in national implementation. Although existing research points to some explanations for member state differences, there is still only limited understanding regarding drivers of differentiated implementation. In this study, a method of difference is followed and the article investigates two cases of 'high performers' (United Kingdom, I…
The game of energy transition
For energy transition, infrastructure construction is often indispensable but also contested and potentially problematic for social cohesion. Through a game theoretical lens, we examine the basic configuration of infrastructure conflicts. Informed by the empirical example of German electricity grid planning, we discuss three approaches to resolve multilevel infrastructure conflicts, (1) technocratic decision‐making, (2) participatory decision‐mak…
Emotional citizens, detached interest groups? The use of emotional language in public policy consultations
In public consultations, policymakers give stakeholders access to the policymaking process in exchange for technical or political information. Our article proposes to analyze not only the policy positions, but the emotional content of consultation contributions. In our descriptive study, we explore two conjectures: First, citizens contributions to public consultations display more emotions than contributions by corporate actors, and second, contr…
The European administrative space over time
Throughout the past decades, the EU's agency landscape has continuously expanded in size and scope. In this article, we address the lack of longitudinal data on EU agencies' formal independence. We introduce a newly revised index to measure the formal independence of EU agencies from other EU institutions over time. Applying a rules‐as‐data approach we coded 206 regulations and amendments to develop a new dataset covering the formal independence …
The Variance of German University Governance
Kommunale Akteur
Der Beitrag von Simon Fink und Eva Ruffing analysiert die Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung bei der Bedarfsplanung für Stromnetze. Der Beitrag analysiert dieses Beteiligungsverfahren anhand einer Kodierung aller Eingaben zur Konsultation des Netzentwicklungsplanes 2012. Er fragt, welche Akteur:innen teilnehmen, welche Argumente sie vorbringen, und ob das Verfahren Konflikte abzumildert. Ergebnis ist, dass die Konsultationen zwar von kommunalen Akteur:in…
European (networked) agencies between independence and influence
European agencies' de facto independence and influence are phenomena, which are still undertheorized and understudied. In particular broader comparisons are lacking. This article compares six regulatory agencies and argues that their role in agenda-setting (as formal or informal agenda-setter) and the degree to which agencies can draw on the resources of their networks is decisive for their actual influence and independence. The article compares …
Less complex language, more participation
Consultations are thought to increase the legitimacy of policies. However, this reasoning only holds if stakeholders really participate in the consultations. Current scholarship offers three explanations for participation patterns: Institutional rules, policy characteristics, and interest group resources determine participation. This article argues that additionally the linguistic complexity of consultation documents influences participation. Com…
Learning in iterated consultation procedures – The example of the German electricity grid demand planning
What price to pay? The trade-off between independence and influence in European regulation
This article asks whether the strengthened, institutionalised role that some European agencies play in delegated decision-making endangers their actual independence. In some particular sensitive policy domains, such as pharmaceuticals security, financial markets and energy, European agencies exist which are formal agenda-setters in delegated decision-making, meaning that the European Commission can either accept or reject their proposals but is h…
Stakeholder consultations as reputation-building
Stakeholder engagement is thought to increase the legitimacy of independent regulatory agencies (IRAs). However, there is little research on how IRAs use the information that stakeholders contribute. We argue that the organizational reputation approach can explain different reactions to stakeholder engagement. IRAs usually rely on a reputation based on technical expertise. However, if IRAs have little capacities, they fall back on procedural or m…
Going beyond dyadic consultation relationships
For decades, political scientists have observed the diffusion of complex governance arrangements including public participation procedures to ameliorate the democratic deficit inherent in these often-opaque structures. This article asks how the information provided in consultation statements is used by the consulting actors. To account for the multi-step character, the article combines exchange theory with a principal-agent approach, acknowledgin…
The Transformative Effects of Transnational Administrative Coordination in the European Multi-level System
The chapter starts by identifying the drivers of entanglement between European (supranational) and national administrations. A lack of administrative capacities and implementation competences on the Commission’s side, and member states’ interests in implementation as well as the disaggregation of the nation-state foster the development of tight administrative networks. This development has implications for the national level, the European level a…
The Differentiated Implementation of European Participation Rules in Energy Infrastructure Planning. Why Does the German Participation Regime Exceed European Requirements
The building of electricity grids is a major challenge of infrastructure planning. According to Directive 2009/72/ EU , “ten‐year network development plans” outline which grids are to be built. Regulatory agencies have to consult “actual or potential system users” on these plans. However, Germany exceeds these requirements and conducts three rounds of full‐fledged public participation. Using rational choice and sociological institutionalism, this…
Transnational Bureaucratic Politics
This contribution introduces our symposium by highlighting four distinctive aspects of transnational governance from a bureaucratic politics perspective: the emergence of transnational institutions, their functioning, their impact on the domestic level, and the diffusion of regulatory standards. The general argument is that many accounts of transnational governance seem to be overly optimistic about the conditions for effective problem‐solving an…
Inside regulatory bureaucracy
Research on the impact of European integration focuses on the external relations of national agencies. This has neglected the impact that Europeanization has on the internal operations of agencies and the way in which coordination is practiced. This article researches the impact of European integration on national agencies with regard to three dimensions: their recruitment schemes, their internal organization, and their external coordination arra…
Agencies between two worlds
European co-ordination is pivotal for an effective regulation of the common market, and European administrative networks are currently mushrooming. Recent quantitative empirical research reveals that national agencies are gaining policy autonomy from their parent ministries when they become involved in European networks. However, the quantitative approach has only partially elucidated the causal mechanisms of this effect. To close this gap, this …
The Differential Empowering Effects of E uropeanization on the Autonomy of National Agencies
This article examines the influence of E uropeanization on the relationship between ministries and agencies at the national level. The core argument is that the differentiated nature of the international environment (with policy development often transferred to the international level and policy implementation left at the national level) transforms national agencies into policy‐developing actors that shape policies without being directly influenc…
How to Become an Independent Agency
The German Federal Network Agency (FNA) was established in 2005 as multi-utilities regulator thereby creating Germany's first energy regulator. It maintains a quite exceptional position in the landscape of German agencies because of its far-reaching independence from political influence. This independence represents an empirical puzzle, because in Germany no comprehensive agencification of the federal administration can be observed and independen…
Networking for Autonomy? National Agencies in European Networks
The environment of national agencies has changed considerably in recent years as they increasingly become engaged in European Union networks. This article contributes to a growing body of literature on those networks and their effect on executive politics at the national level by asking whether and how the EU involvement of national agencies affects the agencies' autonomy in policy formulation. We develop an analytical model for explaining the ef…
When Arguments Prevail Over Power
The legitimacy and effectiveness of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) depends on problem-adequate listing decisions. Decisions are frequently highly controversial, because they commit the member states to imposing trade restrictions on listed species. We examine whether—and how—CITES' impressive institutional apparatus deprives the member states of their bargaining power and empowers actor…
Transnational Bureaucratic Politics
This contribution introduces our symposium by highlighting four distinctive aspects of transnational governance from a bureaucratic politics perspective: the emergence of transnational institutions, their functioning, their impact on the domestic level, and the diffusion of regulatory standards. The general argument is that many accounts of transnational governance seem to be overly optimistic about the conditions for effective problem‐solving an…
The Differential Empowering Effects of E uropeanization on the Autonomy of National Agencies
This article examines the influence of E uropeanization on the relationship between ministries and agencies at the national level. The core argument is that the differentiated nature of the international environment (with policy development often transferred to the international level and policy implementation left at the national level) transforms national agencies into policy‐developing actors that shape policies without being directly influenc…
Networking for Autonomy? National Agencies in European Networks
The environment of national agencies has changed considerably in recent years as they increasingly become engaged in European Union networks. This article contributes to a growing body of literature on those networks and their effect on executive politics at the national level by asking whether and how the EU involvement of national agencies affects the agencies' autonomy in policy formulation. We develop an analytical model for explaining the ef…
The Differentiated Implementation of European Participation Rules in Energy Infrastructure Planning. Why Does the German Participation Regime Exceed European Requirements
The building of electricity grids is a major challenge of infrastructure planning. According to Directive 2009/72/ EU , “ten‐year network development plans” outline which grids are to be built. Regulatory agencies have to consult “actual or potential system users” on these plans. However, Germany exceeds these requirements and conducts three rounds of full‐fledged public participation. Using rational choice and sociological institutionalism, this…
Stakeholder consultations as reputation-building
Stakeholder engagement is thought to increase the legitimacy of independent regulatory agencies (IRAs). However, there is little research on how IRAs use the information that stakeholders contribute. We argue that the organizational reputation approach can explain different reactions to stakeholder engagement. IRAs usually rely on a reputation based on technical expertise. However, if IRAs have little capacities, they fall back on procedural or m…
How to Become an Independent Agency
The German Federal Network Agency (FNA) was established in 2005 as multi-utilities regulator thereby creating Germany's first energy regulator. It maintains a quite exceptional position in the landscape of German agencies because of its far-reaching independence from political influence. This independence represents an empirical puzzle, because in Germany no comprehensive agencification of the federal administration can be observed and independen…
Agencies between two worlds
European co-ordination is pivotal for an effective regulation of the common market, and European administrative networks are currently mushrooming. Recent quantitative empirical research reveals that national agencies are gaining policy autonomy from their parent ministries when they become involved in European networks. However, the quantitative approach has only partially elucidated the causal mechanisms of this effect. To close this gap, this …
Differentiated policy implementation in the European Union
This special issue analyses the patterns, causes and consequences of Differentiated Policy Implementation (DPI) in the European Union (EU). DPI is an umbrella term for the diversity in the presence and use of discretion during legal and practical policy implementation processes and outcomes in the EU. The emergent DPI research agenda emphasises differentiation in EU policy implementation beyond mere legal compliance, which is more widespread, and…
The European administrative space over time
Throughout the past decades, the EU's agency landscape has continuously expanded in size and scope. In this article, we address the lack of longitudinal data on EU agencies' formal independence. We introduce a newly revised index to measure the formal independence of EU agencies from other EU institutions over time. Applying a rules‐as‐data approach we coded 206 regulations and amendments to develop a new dataset covering the formal independence …
European (networked) agencies between independence and influence
European agencies' de facto independence and influence are phenomena, which are still undertheorized and understudied. In particular broader comparisons are lacking. This article compares six regulatory agencies and argues that their role in agenda-setting (as formal or informal agenda-setter) and the degree to which agencies can draw on the resources of their networks is decisive for their actual influence and independence. The article compares …
Going beyond dyadic consultation relationships
For decades, political scientists have observed the diffusion of complex governance arrangements including public participation procedures to ameliorate the democratic deficit inherent in these often-opaque structures. This article asks how the information provided in consultation statements is used by the consulting actors. To account for the multi-step character, the article combines exchange theory with a principal-agent approach, acknowledgin…
Learning in iterated consultation procedures – The example of the German electricity grid demand planning
Inside regulatory bureaucracy
Research on the impact of European integration focuses on the external relations of national agencies. This has neglected the impact that Europeanization has on the internal operations of agencies and the way in which coordination is practiced. This article researches the impact of European integration on national agencies with regard to three dimensions: their recruitment schemes, their internal organization, and their external coordination arra…
When Arguments Prevail Over Power
The legitimacy and effectiveness of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) depends on problem-adequate listing decisions. Decisions are frequently highly controversial, because they commit the member states to imposing trade restrictions on listed species. We examine whether—and how—CITES' impressive institutional apparatus deprives the member states of their bargaining power and empowers actor…
The competence‐control dilemma and the institutional design of European Union agencies
In the past decades, European Union (EU) agencies have proliferated to address a plethora of governance problems. When designing EU agencies, EU legislators confront a tension: Legislators want agencies to be competent problem‐solvers, but they also want to keep agencies under control. How do EU legislators balance these two imperatives? We argue that agencies' political principals do not necessarily have to trade competence for control, and vice…
New avenues in implementation research
The European Union has developed an ambitious tobacco policy regime. However, this area shows striking differences in national implementation. Although existing research points to some explanations for member state differences, there is still only limited understanding regarding drivers of differentiated implementation. In this study, a method of difference is followed and the article investigates two cases of 'high performers' (United Kingdom, I…
Less complex language, more participation
Consultations are thought to increase the legitimacy of policies. However, this reasoning only holds if stakeholders really participate in the consultations. Current scholarship offers three explanations for participation patterns: Institutional rules, policy characteristics, and interest group resources determine participation. This article argues that additionally the linguistic complexity of consultation documents influences participation. Com…
What price to pay? The trade-off between independence and influence in European regulation
This article asks whether the strengthened, institutionalised role that some European agencies play in delegated decision-making endangers their actual independence. In some particular sensitive policy domains, such as pharmaceuticals security, financial markets and energy, European agencies exist which are formal agenda-setters in delegated decision-making, meaning that the European Commission can either accept or reject their proposals but is h…
Emotional citizens, detached interest groups? The use of emotional language in public policy consultations
In public consultations, policymakers give stakeholders access to the policymaking process in exchange for technical or political information. Our article proposes to analyze not only the policy positions, but the emotional content of consultation contributions. In our descriptive study, we explore two conjectures: First, citizens contributions to public consultations display more emotions than contributions by corporate actors, and second, contr…
The game of energy transition
For energy transition, infrastructure construction is often indispensable but also contested and potentially problematic for social cohesion. Through a game theoretical lens, we examine the basic configuration of infrastructure conflicts. Informed by the empirical example of German electricity grid planning, we discuss three approaches to resolve multilevel infrastructure conflicts, (1) technocratic decision‐making, (2) participatory decision‐mak…
The Variance of German University Governance
When Arguments Prevail Over Power
The legitimacy and effectiveness of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) depends on problem-adequate listing decisions. Decisions are frequently highly controversial, because they commit the member states to imposing trade restrictions on listed species. We examine whether—and how—CITES' impressive institutional apparatus deprives the member states of their bargaining power and empowers actor…
Networking for Autonomy? National Agencies in European Networks
The environment of national agencies has changed considerably in recent years as they increasingly become engaged in European Union networks. This article contributes to a growing body of literature on those networks and their effect on executive politics at the national level by asking whether and how the EU involvement of national agencies affects the agencies' autonomy in policy formulation. We develop an analytical model for explaining the ef…
The Differential Empowering Effects of E uropeanization on the Autonomy of National Agencies
This article examines the influence of E uropeanization on the relationship between ministries and agencies at the national level. The core argument is that the differentiated nature of the international environment (with policy development often transferred to the international level and policy implementation left at the national level) transforms national agencies into policy‐developing actors that shape policies without being directly influenc…
How to Become an Independent Agency
The German Federal Network Agency (FNA) was established in 2005 as multi-utilities regulator thereby creating Germany's first energy regulator. It maintains a quite exceptional position in the landscape of German agencies because of its far-reaching independence from political influence. This independence represents an empirical puzzle, because in Germany no comprehensive agencification of the federal administration can be observed and independen…
Inside regulatory bureaucracy
Research on the impact of European integration focuses on the external relations of national agencies. This has neglected the impact that Europeanization has on the internal operations of agencies and the way in which coordination is practiced. This article researches the impact of European integration on national agencies with regard to three dimensions: their recruitment schemes, their internal organization, and their external coordination arra…
Agencies between two worlds
European co-ordination is pivotal for an effective regulation of the common market, and European administrative networks are currently mushrooming. Recent quantitative empirical research reveals that national agencies are gaining policy autonomy from their parent ministries when they become involved in European networks. However, the quantitative approach has only partially elucidated the causal mechanisms of this effect. To close this gap, this …
Transnational Bureaucratic Politics
This contribution introduces our symposium by highlighting four distinctive aspects of transnational governance from a bureaucratic politics perspective: the emergence of transnational institutions, their functioning, their impact on the domestic level, and the diffusion of regulatory standards. The general argument is that many accounts of transnational governance seem to be overly optimistic about the conditions for effective problem‐solving an…
The Differentiated Implementation of European Participation Rules in Energy Infrastructure Planning. Why Does the German Participation Regime Exceed European Requirements
The building of electricity grids is a major challenge of infrastructure planning. According to Directive 2009/72/ EU , “ten‐year network development plans” outline which grids are to be built. Regulatory agencies have to consult “actual or potential system users” on these plans. However, Germany exceeds these requirements and conducts three rounds of full‐fledged public participation. Using rational choice and sociological institutionalism, this…
The Transformative Effects of Transnational Administrative Coordination in the European Multi-level System
The chapter starts by identifying the drivers of entanglement between European (supranational) and national administrations. A lack of administrative capacities and implementation competences on the Commission’s side, and member states’ interests in implementation as well as the disaggregation of the nation-state foster the development of tight administrative networks. This development has implications for the national level, the European level a…
Going beyond dyadic consultation relationships
For decades, political scientists have observed the diffusion of complex governance arrangements including public participation procedures to ameliorate the democratic deficit inherent in these often-opaque structures. This article asks how the information provided in consultation statements is used by the consulting actors. To account for the multi-step character, the article combines exchange theory with a principal-agent approach, acknowledgin…
Learning in iterated consultation procedures – The example of the German electricity grid demand planning
What price to pay? The trade-off between independence and influence in European regulation
This article asks whether the strengthened, institutionalised role that some European agencies play in delegated decision-making endangers their actual independence. In some particular sensitive policy domains, such as pharmaceuticals security, financial markets and energy, European agencies exist which are formal agenda-setters in delegated decision-making, meaning that the European Commission can either accept or reject their proposals but is h…
Stakeholder consultations as reputation-building
Stakeholder engagement is thought to increase the legitimacy of independent regulatory agencies (IRAs). However, there is little research on how IRAs use the information that stakeholders contribute. We argue that the organizational reputation approach can explain different reactions to stakeholder engagement. IRAs usually rely on a reputation based on technical expertise. However, if IRAs have little capacities, they fall back on procedural or m…
Less complex language, more participation
Consultations are thought to increase the legitimacy of policies. However, this reasoning only holds if stakeholders really participate in the consultations. Current scholarship offers three explanations for participation patterns: Institutional rules, policy characteristics, and interest group resources determine participation. This article argues that additionally the linguistic complexity of consultation documents influences participation. Com…
Kommunale Akteur
Der Beitrag von Simon Fink und Eva Ruffing analysiert die Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung bei der Bedarfsplanung für Stromnetze. Der Beitrag analysiert dieses Beteiligungsverfahren anhand einer Kodierung aller Eingaben zur Konsultation des Netzentwicklungsplanes 2012. Er fragt, welche Akteur:innen teilnehmen, welche Argumente sie vorbringen, und ob das Verfahren Konflikte abzumildert. Ergebnis ist, dass die Konsultationen zwar von kommunalen Akteur:in…
European (networked) agencies between independence and influence
European agencies' de facto independence and influence are phenomena, which are still undertheorized and understudied. In particular broader comparisons are lacking. This article compares six regulatory agencies and argues that their role in agenda-setting (as formal or informal agenda-setter) and the degree to which agencies can draw on the resources of their networks is decisive for their actual influence and independence. The article compares …
The game of energy transition
For energy transition, infrastructure construction is often indispensable but also contested and potentially problematic for social cohesion. Through a game theoretical lens, we examine the basic configuration of infrastructure conflicts. Informed by the empirical example of German electricity grid planning, we discuss three approaches to resolve multilevel infrastructure conflicts, (1) technocratic decision‐making, (2) participatory decision‐mak…
Emotional citizens, detached interest groups? The use of emotional language in public policy consultations
In public consultations, policymakers give stakeholders access to the policymaking process in exchange for technical or political information. Our article proposes to analyze not only the policy positions, but the emotional content of consultation contributions. In our descriptive study, we explore two conjectures: First, citizens contributions to public consultations display more emotions than contributions by corporate actors, and second, contr…
The European administrative space over time
Throughout the past decades, the EU's agency landscape has continuously expanded in size and scope. In this article, we address the lack of longitudinal data on EU agencies' formal independence. We introduce a newly revised index to measure the formal independence of EU agencies from other EU institutions over time. Applying a rules‐as‐data approach we coded 206 regulations and amendments to develop a new dataset covering the formal independence …
The Variance of German University Governance
Self‐enforcing path dependent trajectories? A comparison of the implementation of the EU energy packages in Germany and the Netherlands
Since the 1990s, the EU has attempted to create a common electricity market. However, EU legislators are unsatisfied by the results. We argue that differentiated implementation of directives over time creates path dependencies that entrench national differences. The actor constellation of parties and incumbent operators at the beginning of the liberalization path determines how well countries implement liberalizing directives. The implementation,…
Differentiated policy implementation in the European Union
This special issue analyses the patterns, causes and consequences of Differentiated Policy Implementation (DPI) in the European Union (EU). DPI is an umbrella term for the diversity in the presence and use of discretion during legal and practical policy implementation processes and outcomes in the EU. The emergent DPI research agenda emphasises differentiation in EU policy implementation beyond mere legal compliance, which is more widespread, and…
The competence‐control dilemma and the institutional design of European Union agencies
In the past decades, European Union (EU) agencies have proliferated to address a plethora of governance problems. When designing EU agencies, EU legislators confront a tension: Legislators want agencies to be competent problem‐solvers, but they also want to keep agencies under control. How do EU legislators balance these two imperatives? We argue that agencies' political principals do not necessarily have to trade competence for control, and vice…
New avenues in implementation research
The European Union has developed an ambitious tobacco policy regime. However, this area shows striking differences in national implementation. Although existing research points to some explanations for member state differences, there is still only limited understanding regarding drivers of differentiated implementation. In this study, a method of difference is followed and the article investigates two cases of 'high performers' (United Kingdom, I…
Political science (24 obras) · Law (17 obras) · Law (16 obras) · Political Influence and Corporate Strategies (16 obras) · Economics (15 obras) · Business (14 obras) · European Union Policy and Governance (14 obras) · Politics (14 obras) · Public Administration (13 obras) · Public Administration (12 obras)