Gerben J N Bruinsma

Datos Biográficos

ID4201066
NOMBREGerben J N Bruinsma
NOMBRESGerben J N
APELLIDOBruinsma
FIRMABRUINSMA G J N
AFILIACIONESNetherlands Institute for the Study of Crime and Law Enforcement (NSCR), Amsterdam, the Netherlands
VERIFICADONo
TOTAL DE OBRAS31
TOTAL DE CITAS56
TOTAL COMO AUTOR6
TOTAL COMO EDITOR25
PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN1992
AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN2018
ÍNDICE H4

  • The Oxford Handbook of Environmental Criminology

    Gerben J N Bruinsma, Shane D JohnsonBOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    The study of how the environment, local geography, and physical locations influence crime has a long history that stretches across a number of research traditions. These include the neighborhood-effects approach developed by the Chicago school of sociology in the 1920s; modern environmental criminology that explains the geographic distribution of crime; the criminology of place, which focuses on crime rates at specific places over time; and a new…

  • Computer Simulations

    DANIEL BIRKS, Gerben J N Bruinsma et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    In recent years, the field of social simulation has been dominated by the individual, or agent-based, computational model (ABM). ABMs provide unique means to explore complex social systems by allowing researchers to construct explicit models of the individual actors and interactions that make them up - people, peer groups, companies, nations, trade, reproduction, victimization, and so on, This chapter aims to provide the reader with a primer in t…

  • Egohoods

    J R Hipp, Chris Bates et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter focuses on a different conception of ecological space known as egohoods. It motivates the use of egohoods regarding the three features of routine activities theory: suitable targets, motivated offenders, and capable guardians. It discusses the spatial patterns of these three concepts and how egohoods as a geographic unit are well suited to capture their dynamic processes. It asks: what are the consequences of sociodemographic and bus…

  • Organized Crime and Places

    Edward R Kleemans, Gerben J N Bruinsma et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter begins by discussing the three types of organized crime—racketeering, transit crime, and the local provision of illegal goods and services—and the significance of place. It then considers the role of places and the (built) environment for organized crime. The main message is that place has a different meaning for these three types of organized crime and raises several theoretical challenges. As these types of organized crime often re…

  • What Have We Learned from Environmental Criminology for the Prevention of Crime?

    Brandon C Welsh, Sema A Taheri et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    A recent study of the role of theory in modern-day crime prevention makes the case that situational crime prevention (SCP), compared to the two other major crime prevention strategies of developmental and community prevention, has had a greater influence on practice. This chapter surveys environmental criminology’s contribution to the prevention of crime. It does so through the lens of SCP and its highly influential classification system. As one …

  • Mobility and Location Choice of Offenders

    Wim Bernasco, Gerben J N Bruinsma et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter analyzes the main topics and questions about offender mobility and crime location choice in terms of individual motivations, resources, constraints, and decisions. It begins with a brief overview of the four main frameworks that have been used to theorize offender mobility and crime location choice. This is followed by a characterization of general human mobility as a series of cyclical movements between a limited set of anchor point…

  • Do We Really Need Collective Social Process to Understand Why Crime Occurs and Offenders Commit Crime?

    Elizabeth R Groff, Gerben J N Bruinsma et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter examines the potential role of social process in contributing to our understanding of why crime occurs where it does. It focuses on the role of social process in explaining crime that occurs at microplaces; in “small-scale social systems whose components include people and inanimate objects” known as behavior settings. Behavior settings emphasize the situational and dynamic nature of interactions between the social and physical envir…

  • GIS and Spatial Analysis

    M A Andresen, Martin Andresen et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    The importance of spatial-temporal dimension(s) within environmental criminology has made the use and applications of geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial analysis rather widespread. This chapter covers some of the principles and advancements in the use of crime mapping and spatial analysis to study the spatial distribution of crime, primarily through the lens of environmental criminology. Crime mapping is defined as the spatial repre…

  • Systematic Social Observation

    Ian Brunton-Smith, Gerben J N Bruinsma et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    Systematic social observation (SSO) is the application of rigorous, replicable, and generalizable approaches from survey methodology to field observation (ethnography). SSO provides researchers with independent, robust, and quantifiable data about the forms of social interactions most commonly obtained through qualitative inquiry. This chapter begins with a general overview of the SSO approach. Section 14.3 describes the application of SSO approa…

  • Advances in Visualization for Theory Testing in Environmental Criminology

    Patricia L Brantingham, P Jeffrey Brantingham et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter discusses advances in visualization for environmental criminology. The environment within which people move has many dimensions that influence or constrain decisions and actions by individuals and by groups. This complexity creates a challenge for theoreticians and researchers in presenting their research results in a way that conveys the dynamic spatiotemporal aspects of crime and actions by offenders in a clearly understandable way…

  • Riots, Space, and Place

    Peter Baudains, Gerben J N Bruinsma et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter reanalyzes data concerning the 2011 riots in Greater London. The authors extended prior work in a number of directions, using variables more representative of the areas in which rioting took place, using smaller geographical units of analysis, and extending the analysis to examine the role of risky facilities. The results show support for crime pattern and social disorganization theories, as well as the precipitating influence of cro…

  • Street Networks and Crime

    Toby Davies, Kate J Bowers et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    Street networks are the primary structures around which urban areas are arranged. Perhaps more significantly, though, the network acts as a substrate for movement, and defines the paths that can be taken between locations. It therefore determines, among other things, how far places are from each other, and the extent to which different features will be used in the course of movement activity. In this way, street networks play a key role in shapin…

  • Four Images of the Delinquency Area

    M Felson, Gerben J N Bruinsma et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter sorts out some of the ideas that are sometimes mixed together under the rubric of “social disorganization.” It argues that (1) social disorganization is really not an independent variable or a theory; (2) rather, it is a composite image of the “delinquency area”—the part of town that also has very high crime rates; and (3) this composite image can be disentangled and then clarified, allowing students to learn it and researchers to sh…

  • Place Management

    John E Eck, TAMARA D MADENSEN et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    The theory of place management explains why some properties have a great deal of crime or disorder and most others have little or no crime or disorder. This chapter first provides a background necessary for understanding place management. It then describes place managers: who they are and how they differ from others involved in crime or its suppression. This is followed by discussions of what place managers do that is important for preventing or …

  • Research on Neighborhoods in European Cities

    Lieven J R Pauwels, Lieven Pauwels et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter provides an overview of European neighborhood studies of crime, victimization, and delinquency that were explicitly guided or inspired by social disorganization theory. Although the origin of social disorganization theory lies in the United States with a long-lasting tradition in urban research, considerable attention has also been given to this perspective in Europe, as well as in other parts of the world. In Europe, a long research…

  • Testing Theories of Social Disorganization in Nigeria

    Faisal Umar, James Cheshire et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter focuses on the social disorganization approach to understanding variations in area-level rates of crime. It first provides context through a brief description of the study area, Badarawa-Malali, an urban district in the city of Kaduna, Nigeria (Section 17.2). Section 17.3 provides a review of the different components of social disorganization theory, the mechanisms through which they are believed to operate, how they have been estima…

  • Crime Concentrations

    Dainis Ignatans, Ken Pease et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter begins by sketching out where the practice of policing may be heading, and what we need to do differently, so as to arrive at a roughly envisioned future ethically and in good order. A police presence at all places at all times being impossible, the practical issue is where and when to place officers or their technological surrogates. It then considers optimized distribution of effort and resource, given the central aim of fairness i…

  • Crime Concentrations at Places

    Cody W Telep, David Weisburd et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    Every research enterprise takes place in a context, political, economic, and technological context. So it is with policing research. This chapter begins by sketching out where the practice of policing is heading, and what we need to do differently, so as to arrive at a roughly envisioned future ethically and in good order. A police presence at all places at all times being impossible, the practical issue is where and when to place officers or the…

  • Gated Communities and Crime in the United States

    Nicholas Branic, Charis E Kubrin et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    The rapid expansion and growing pervasiveness of gated communities across the United States in recent decades has made it essential for researchers to consider the implications of this emerging trend for various facets of social life. This chapter analyzes the relationship between gated communities and crime across neighborhoods in Orange County, California, a county with a large number of gated communities and considerable diversity in terms of …

  • Studying Situational Effects of Setting Characteristics

    FRANK M WEERMAN, Evelien M Hoeben et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter addresses methods to study situational influences of setting characteristics on adolescent offending. In particular, it describes data collection methods (space-time budget interviews, census data, community surveys, and systematic social observations) that enable precise measurement of what respondents do, with whom they undertake these activities, and in what kind of places (both the geographical area and the function of the locati…

  • Time and Opportunity

    Lisa Tompson, TIMOTHY COUPE et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter provides insights into often-observed temporal regularities of different types of crime. It begins by briefly appraising relevant theories that explain variations in time incidence. It then discusses methodological issues that are unique to temporal analysis. The bulk of the next section presents temporal patterns from four years of crime data recorded by West Yorkshire Police, UK. Several units of analysis are considered: years, mon…

  • The Role of Innovative Data Collection Methods in Advancing Criminological Understanding

    Reka Solymosi, Kate J Bowers et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    Environmental criminology emphasizes the importance of situational factors associated with increased risk in terms of crime opportunities. One branch of research in this field is oriented toward strengthening the scientific approach to understanding the link between exposure to risk and crime. To achieve this, we need data about how potential victims and potential offenders spend their time, and what places they visit as part of their daily activ…

  • Gangs and Space

    Matthew Valasik, George Tita et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter explores the ways in which space shapes the territoriality of urban street gang members as well as the ways in which a gang exploits the local landscape. It begins by providing a brief overview of the classic works on the emergence of gangs, paying particular attention both to the literature on human terrain/territoriality and to the ecological studies of place, especially the Chicago school. It then looks at the criminal enterprises…

  • Macro-Level Generators of Crime, Including Parks, Stadiums, and Transit Stations

    Andrew Newton, Gerben J N Bruinsma et al.BOOKOxford Handbook of Environmental…2018

    This chapter examines the occurrence of crime at particular places that bring together lots of people in time and place, namely macro crime generators. Examples of these include hospitals, parks, large transit stations and interchanges, entertainment districts, and shopping malls. It begins by defining crime attractors and crime generators, and explores the subtle difference between them. It then examines why crime hotspots and crime generators t…

  • A Between- and Within-Person Analysis of Parenting and Time Spent in Criminogenic Settings During Adolescence

    Open AccessHeleen Janssen, Heleen J Janssen et al.ARTICLEYouth & Society2018Citada por: 4Referencias: 51

    Although spending time in criminogenic settings is increasingly recognized as an explanation for adolescent delinquency, little is known about its determinants. The current study aims to examine the extent to which (change in) self-control and (change in) delinquent attitudes relate to (change in) time spent in criminogenic settings, and the extent to which they mediate the effects of (change in) parenting. Time spent in criminogenic settings was…