Margaret W Gichane
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4220064 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Margaret W Gichane |
| NOMBRES | Margaret W |
| APELLIDO | Gichane |
| FIRMA | GICHANE M W |
| AFILIACIONES | University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8499-154X |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 24 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 4 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2017 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
Men’s understanding of three different measures of transactional sex
Lack of valid and reliable measures and inconsistent transactional sex measurement has resulted in poor understanding of the practice, particularly among men. To improve transactional sex measurement and facilitate comparison across studies, we examined how men comprehend and respond to three common transactional sex measures. Cognitive interviews were conducted with 25 sexually active adult men in Rakai, Uganda and data were thematically analyse…
“Money is everything. If you don’t have cash, no one will come to you
Previous studies have reported a positive association between socioeconomic status (SES) and HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This contradicts widespread understandings of how health disparities are created and sustained through socioeconomic disparity. The nature of high HIV prevalence in SSA among wealthier individuals, especially those aged 15–24 who experience wealth and HIV risk differently than other age groups, is less understood…
Hoping to Adhere? Examining the Relationship Between Hope and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Willingness, Adherence, and Persistence Among Young Women in South Africa and Zimbabwe (HPTN 082)
Hope is a powerful psychological construct which is linked to positive health. Greater hope is associated with improved antiretroviral therapy adherence; however, less is known about the impact of hope on oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) outcomes. HIV Prevention Trials Network 082, was an open-label PrEP study among young women (ages 16-25) in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Hope was measured at baseline and follow-up using a subset of the Hope fo…
Virtual Research Prioritization
Involving communities in research prioritization is an important component of developing relevant research, policy, and healthcare questions. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to an increased need for research prioritization methods which align with public health protections. The Research Prioritization by Affected Communities (RPAC) protocol is a participatory method which directly involves historically excluded communitie…
Understanding Patients’ Experiences with a Brief Alcohol Reduction Intervention among People Living with HIV in Uganda
Background: Brief alcohol reduction interventions for people living with HIV (PLWH) have resulted in mixed findings with some studies showing null or limited treatment effects. To better understand factors that may contribute to their success or failure, this qualitative study sought to explore participants’ experiences in a randomized trial (RCT) of a brief counseling-based alcohol reduction intervention, including challenges that may have imped…
Dismantling and reimagining global health education
Global health emerged as a distinct public health discipline within the last two decades. With over 95% of Masters of Global Health degree programmes located in high-income countries (HICs), the area of study has been primarily pursued by White, middle and upperclass, citizens of Europe and North America. In turn, the global health workforce and leadership reflect these same demographics. In this article, we present several key arguments against …
‘We have goals but [it is difficult]’. Barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence among women using alcohol and other drugs living with HIV in South Africa
BACKGROUND: Women living with HIV who misuse alcohol and live in economically disadvantaged settings in South Africa experience a multitude of contextual barriers as they navigate the HIV care continuum. The Women's Health CoOp (WHC), a brief, woman-focused, behavioural, evidence-based intervention, has been shown to be effective in reducing heavy drinking and improving HIV-related outcomes among this key population. However, these women face oth…
Social Determinants of Alcohol and Other Drug Misuse Among Women Living with HIV in Economically Underserved Communities in Cape Town, South Africa
The influence of cash transfers on engagement in transactional sex and partner choice among adolescent girls and young women in Northwest Tanzania
Cash transfers are theorised to reduce adolescent girls and young women's economic vulnerability and engagement in transactional sex; however, the processes involved remain unclear. We conducted longitudinal cross-sectional, and narrative timeline in-depth interviews with young women aged 15-23 years in northern Tanzania enrolled in a cash transfer intervention. We analysed data using a thematic approach guided by the transactional sex framework.…
Alcohol, drug use, and sexual risk among young African American women in North Carolina
Previous research shows that educational attainment is a protective factor for substance use and sexual risk among adolescents and young adults. Evidence also shows that this relationship may differ by race/ethnicity and gender. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between educational attainment, substance use and sexual risk among African American women in emerging adulthood. This study uses cross-sectional data from 646 African Americ…
“Because all mothers is not the same”
INTRODUCTION: South Africa has one of the highest incidences of HIV among adolescent girls and young women (AGW), ages 15-24, and recent research has focused on developing interventions for HIV prevention. However, the South African National Health Act requires those under 18 years of age to obtain a guardian's permission to participate in research. Limiting research enrolment to AGYW who can obtain guardian consent may lead to non-representative…
Sustainability of a gender-focused HIV and alcohol risk-reduction intervention in usual care settings in South Africa
Intervention sustainability is a critical yet understudied aspect of implementation science research. To address this gap, we examined the sustainability of the Women’s Health CoOp (WHC), a gender-focused, evidence-based, HIV and alcohol risk-reduction intervention, after an implementation trial. We used a mixed methods design consisting of questionnaires (n = 12), 3 focus groups (n = 11), and a semistructured interview conducted with interventio…
Developing a framework for cash transfer programs that foster sustained economic empowerment to reduce sexual risk among adolescent girls and young women
Our findings suggest that providing economic resources to AGYW through CT without ensuring self-agency is unlikely to be an effective long-term intervention for economic empowerment. Using these findings we developed a framework for CT programs with three key pillars for developing self-agency: 1) emotional efficacy, to increase AGYW's perception of rewards associated with developing self-agency; 2) social efficacy, to build constructive relation…
Individual and Relationship-Level Correlates of Transactional Sex Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Malawi
Transactional sex increases HIV risk among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Understanding the individual and dyadic nature of transactional sex may provide evidence for risk reduction interventions. Multilevel logistic regression was used to cross-sectionally examine correlates of transactional sex among AGYW in Lilongwe, Malawi. Participants (N = 920) reported 1227 relationships. Individual-level associations were found between being div…
Outcomes of Implementing in the Real World the Women's Health CoOp Intervention in Cape Town, South Africa
Women in South Africa living with HIV who use alcohol may not adhere to ART, affecting the country's 90-90-90 targets. The Women's Health CoOp (WHC), a woman-focused HIV intervention, has shown efficacy in numerous trials with key populations of women in South Africa who use alcohol and drugs. In a hybrid implementation effectiveness study, the WHC was implemented in usual care clinics by healthcare providers in a modified stepped-wedge design. W…
Impact of Women’s Home Environment on Use of the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring for HIV Prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa
Contraceptive Conversations among Adolescent Girls and Young Women and Their Partners, Peers, and Older Female Family Members in Lilongwe, Malawi
In sub‐Saharan Africa, adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) have high levels of unmet need for contraception, particularly those who are unmarried or nulliparous. Conversations with partners, peers, and family members influence AGYW contraceptive decision‐making yet little is known about conversation content and impact or how they vary by relationship status and parity. This paper draws on qualitative data from 60 AGYW (aged 15–24) participati…
Conceptualization of Empowerment and Pathways Through Which Cash Transfers Work to Empower Young Women to Reduce HIV Risk
Although cash transfers (CT) are hypothesized to reduce AGYW's HIV risk, little is known about the mechanisms through which CT empower AGYW. We explored the impact of a CT intervention on AGYW's sexual decision-making in order to describe the pathways through which the cash may influence risk behavior. The study employed qualitative methods involving: 20 longitudinal in-depth interviews (IDIs), 40 cross-sectional IDIs, 20 narrative IDIs, and two …
Socioeconomic Predictors of Transactional Sex in a Cohort of Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Malawi
If the Big Fish are Doing It Then Why Not Me Down Here ?”
Informal fees are payments made by patients to their health care provider that are over and above the official cost of services. Payments may be motivated by a combination of factors such as low supervision, weak sanctions, and inadequate provider salaries. The practice of soliciting informal fees from patients may result in restricted access to medical care and reduced care‐seeking behavior among vulnerable populations. The objective of this stu…
Assessing the Impact of a Small-Group Behavioral Intervention on Sexual Behaviors Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Lilongwe Malawi
Pregnancy experiences of women in rural Romania
Women in rural Romania face significant health disadvantages. This qualitative pilot study describes the structural disadvantage experienced during pregnancy by women in rural Romania, focusing on the lived experiences of Roma women. We explore how women in rural communities experience pregnancy, their interactions with the healthcare system, and the role that ethnic and social factors play in pregnancy and childbearing. We conducted 42 semi-stru…
Caregiver role in HIV medication adherence among HIV-infected orphans in Tanzania
Youth living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa face numerous challenges in adhering to HIV treatment. The AIDS epidemic has left many of these youth orphaned due to AIDS-related death of one or both parents. It is imperative to understand the family context of youth living with HIV in order to develop responsive interventions to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy. We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews with 17 HIV-infected AIDS orphan…
Lost to Care and Back Again
Alcohol, drug use, and sexual risk among young African American women in North Carolina
Previous research shows that educational attainment is a protective factor for substance use and sexual risk among adolescents and young adults. Evidence also shows that this relationship may differ by race/ethnicity and gender. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between educational attainment, substance use and sexual risk among African American women in emerging adulthood. This study uses cross-sectional data from 646 African Americ…
Contraceptive Conversations among Adolescent Girls and Young Women and Their Partners, Peers, and Older Female Family Members in Lilongwe, Malawi
In sub‐Saharan Africa, adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) have high levels of unmet need for contraception, particularly those who are unmarried or nulliparous. Conversations with partners, peers, and family members influence AGYW contraceptive decision‐making yet little is known about conversation content and impact or how they vary by relationship status and parity. This paper draws on qualitative data from 60 AGYW (aged 15–24) participati…
If the Big Fish are Doing It Then Why Not Me Down Here ?”
Informal fees are payments made by patients to their health care provider that are over and above the official cost of services. Payments may be motivated by a combination of factors such as low supervision, weak sanctions, and inadequate provider salaries. The practice of soliciting informal fees from patients may result in restricted access to medical care and reduced care‐seeking behavior among vulnerable populations. The objective of this stu…
Lost to Care and Back Again
Caregiver role in HIV medication adherence among HIV-infected orphans in Tanzania
Youth living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa face numerous challenges in adhering to HIV treatment. The AIDS epidemic has left many of these youth orphaned due to AIDS-related death of one or both parents. It is imperative to understand the family context of youth living with HIV in order to develop responsive interventions to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy. We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews with 17 HIV-infected AIDS orphan…
Assessing the Impact of a Small-Group Behavioral Intervention on Sexual Behaviors Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Lilongwe Malawi
Pregnancy experiences of women in rural Romania
Women in rural Romania face significant health disadvantages. This qualitative pilot study describes the structural disadvantage experienced during pregnancy by women in rural Romania, focusing on the lived experiences of Roma women. We explore how women in rural communities experience pregnancy, their interactions with the healthcare system, and the role that ethnic and social factors play in pregnancy and childbearing. We conducted 42 semi-stru…
Conceptualization of Empowerment and Pathways Through Which Cash Transfers Work to Empower Young Women to Reduce HIV Risk
Although cash transfers (CT) are hypothesized to reduce AGYW's HIV risk, little is known about the mechanisms through which CT empower AGYW. We explored the impact of a CT intervention on AGYW's sexual decision-making in order to describe the pathways through which the cash may influence risk behavior. The study employed qualitative methods involving: 20 longitudinal in-depth interviews (IDIs), 40 cross-sectional IDIs, 20 narrative IDIs, and two …
Socioeconomic Predictors of Transactional Sex in a Cohort of Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Malawi
If the Big Fish are Doing It Then Why Not Me Down Here ?”
Informal fees are payments made by patients to their health care provider that are over and above the official cost of services. Payments may be motivated by a combination of factors such as low supervision, weak sanctions, and inadequate provider salaries. The practice of soliciting informal fees from patients may result in restricted access to medical care and reduced care‐seeking behavior among vulnerable populations. The objective of this stu…
“Because all mothers is not the same”
INTRODUCTION: South Africa has one of the highest incidences of HIV among adolescent girls and young women (AGW), ages 15-24, and recent research has focused on developing interventions for HIV prevention. However, the South African National Health Act requires those under 18 years of age to obtain a guardian's permission to participate in research. Limiting research enrolment to AGYW who can obtain guardian consent may lead to non-representative…
Sustainability of a gender-focused HIV and alcohol risk-reduction intervention in usual care settings in South Africa
Intervention sustainability is a critical yet understudied aspect of implementation science research. To address this gap, we examined the sustainability of the Women’s Health CoOp (WHC), a gender-focused, evidence-based, HIV and alcohol risk-reduction intervention, after an implementation trial. We used a mixed methods design consisting of questionnaires (n = 12), 3 focus groups (n = 11), and a semistructured interview conducted with interventio…
Developing a framework for cash transfer programs that foster sustained economic empowerment to reduce sexual risk among adolescent girls and young women
Our findings suggest that providing economic resources to AGYW through CT without ensuring self-agency is unlikely to be an effective long-term intervention for economic empowerment. Using these findings we developed a framework for CT programs with three key pillars for developing self-agency: 1) emotional efficacy, to increase AGYW's perception of rewards associated with developing self-agency; 2) social efficacy, to build constructive relation…
Individual and Relationship-Level Correlates of Transactional Sex Among Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Malawi
Transactional sex increases HIV risk among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Understanding the individual and dyadic nature of transactional sex may provide evidence for risk reduction interventions. Multilevel logistic regression was used to cross-sectionally examine correlates of transactional sex among AGYW in Lilongwe, Malawi. Participants (N = 920) reported 1227 relationships. Individual-level associations were found between being div…
Outcomes of Implementing in the Real World the Women's Health CoOp Intervention in Cape Town, South Africa
Women in South Africa living with HIV who use alcohol may not adhere to ART, affecting the country's 90-90-90 targets. The Women's Health CoOp (WHC), a woman-focused HIV intervention, has shown efficacy in numerous trials with key populations of women in South Africa who use alcohol and drugs. In a hybrid implementation effectiveness study, the WHC was implemented in usual care clinics by healthcare providers in a modified stepped-wedge design. W…
Impact of Women’s Home Environment on Use of the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring for HIV Prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa
Contraceptive Conversations among Adolescent Girls and Young Women and Their Partners, Peers, and Older Female Family Members in Lilongwe, Malawi
In sub‐Saharan Africa, adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) have high levels of unmet need for contraception, particularly those who are unmarried or nulliparous. Conversations with partners, peers, and family members influence AGYW contraceptive decision‐making yet little is known about conversation content and impact or how they vary by relationship status and parity. This paper draws on qualitative data from 60 AGYW (aged 15–24) participati…
Dismantling and reimagining global health education
Global health emerged as a distinct public health discipline within the last two decades. With over 95% of Masters of Global Health degree programmes located in high-income countries (HICs), the area of study has been primarily pursued by White, middle and upperclass, citizens of Europe and North America. In turn, the global health workforce and leadership reflect these same demographics. In this article, we present several key arguments against …
‘We have goals but [it is difficult]’. Barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence among women using alcohol and other drugs living with HIV in South Africa
BACKGROUND: Women living with HIV who misuse alcohol and live in economically disadvantaged settings in South Africa experience a multitude of contextual barriers as they navigate the HIV care continuum. The Women's Health CoOp (WHC), a brief, woman-focused, behavioural, evidence-based intervention, has been shown to be effective in reducing heavy drinking and improving HIV-related outcomes among this key population. However, these women face oth…
Social Determinants of Alcohol and Other Drug Misuse Among Women Living with HIV in Economically Underserved Communities in Cape Town, South Africa
The influence of cash transfers on engagement in transactional sex and partner choice among adolescent girls and young women in Northwest Tanzania
Cash transfers are theorised to reduce adolescent girls and young women's economic vulnerability and engagement in transactional sex; however, the processes involved remain unclear. We conducted longitudinal cross-sectional, and narrative timeline in-depth interviews with young women aged 15-23 years in northern Tanzania enrolled in a cash transfer intervention. We analysed data using a thematic approach guided by the transactional sex framework.…
Alcohol, drug use, and sexual risk among young African American women in North Carolina
Previous research shows that educational attainment is a protective factor for substance use and sexual risk among adolescents and young adults. Evidence also shows that this relationship may differ by race/ethnicity and gender. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between educational attainment, substance use and sexual risk among African American women in emerging adulthood. This study uses cross-sectional data from 646 African Americ…
Understanding Patients’ Experiences with a Brief Alcohol Reduction Intervention among People Living with HIV in Uganda
Background: Brief alcohol reduction interventions for people living with HIV (PLWH) have resulted in mixed findings with some studies showing null or limited treatment effects. To better understand factors that may contribute to their success or failure, this qualitative study sought to explore participants’ experiences in a randomized trial (RCT) of a brief counseling-based alcohol reduction intervention, including challenges that may have imped…
Hoping to Adhere? Examining the Relationship Between Hope and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Willingness, Adherence, and Persistence Among Young Women in South Africa and Zimbabwe (HPTN 082)
Hope is a powerful psychological construct which is linked to positive health. Greater hope is associated with improved antiretroviral therapy adherence; however, less is known about the impact of hope on oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) outcomes. HIV Prevention Trials Network 082, was an open-label PrEP study among young women (ages 16-25) in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Hope was measured at baseline and follow-up using a subset of the Hope fo…
Virtual Research Prioritization
Involving communities in research prioritization is an important component of developing relevant research, policy, and healthcare questions. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to an increased need for research prioritization methods which align with public health protections. The Research Prioritization by Affected Communities (RPAC) protocol is a participatory method which directly involves historically excluded communitie…
Men’s understanding of three different measures of transactional sex
Lack of valid and reliable measures and inconsistent transactional sex measurement has resulted in poor understanding of the practice, particularly among men. To improve transactional sex measurement and facilitate comparison across studies, we examined how men comprehend and respond to three common transactional sex measures. Cognitive interviews were conducted with 25 sexually active adult men in Rakai, Uganda and data were thematically analyse…
“Money is everything. If you don’t have cash, no one will come to you
Previous studies have reported a positive association between socioeconomic status (SES) and HIV infection in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This contradicts widespread understandings of how health disparities are created and sustained through socioeconomic disparity. The nature of high HIV prevalence in SSA among wealthier individuals, especially those aged 15–24 who experience wealth and HIV risk differently than other age groups, is less understood…
Medicine (20 obras) · Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health (16 obras) · HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions (13 obras) · Psychology (13 obras) · Environmental health (11 obras) · Nursing (11 obras) · Public health (11 obras) · Sociology (11 obras) · Health psychology (9 obras) · Population (9 obras)