Enrique Vargas
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4285784 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Enrique Vargas |
| NOMBRES | Enrique |
| APELLIDO | Vargas |
| FIRMA | VARGAS E |
| AFILIACIONES | Instituto Boliviano de Ciencia y Tecnología Nuclear |
| ORCID | 0000-0003-2974-5359 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 22 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 16 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1992 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2022 |
| ÍNDICE H | 1 |
La oferta de pódcast nativo en Puerto Rico
El podcasting se debate entre posibilitar las culturas participativas gracias a la expresión personal y cultural de podcasters independientes o ser una industria promovida desde los medios periodísticos y la “plataformización” del mercado de la comunicación. El caso del contexto sociocultural de Puerto Rico también enfrenta esta cuestión y es de interés identificar la oferta estable y regular de pódcast nativos realizada por los sectores del podc…
Andean and Tibetan patterns of adaptation to high altitude
OBJECTIVES: High-altitude hypoxia, or decreased oxygen levels caused by low barometric pressure, challenges the ability of humans to live and reproduce. Despite these challenges, human populations have lived on the Andean Altiplano and the Tibetan Plateau for millennia and exhibit unique circulatory, respiratory, and hematological adaptations to life at high altitude. We and others have identified natural selection candidate genes and gene region…
Lowland origin women raised at high altitude are not protected against lower uteroplacental O 2 delivery during pregnancy or reduced birth weight
OBJECTIVE: Maternal physiologic responses to pregnancy promoting fetal oxygen and nutrient delivery are important determinants of reproductive success. Incomplete physiologic compensation for reduced oxygen availability at high altitude (≥2,500 m) compromises fetal growth. Populations of highland (e.g., Andeans, Tibetans) compared with lowland origin groups (e.g., Europeans, Han Chinese) are protected from this altitude-associated decrease in bir…
Seasonal and circadian variation in salivary testosterone in rural Bolivian men
Testosterone (T) plays a key role in the increase and maintenance of muscle mass and bone density in adult men. Life history theory predicts that environmental stress may prompt a reallocation of such investments to those functions critical to survival. We tested this hypothesis in two studies of rural Bolivian adult men by comparing free T levels and circadian rhythms during late winter, which is especially severe, to those in less arduous seaso…
Evidence that parent‐of‐origin affects birth‐weight reductions at high altitude
Hypoxia exerts a profound depressant effect on fetal growth, lowering birth weight, and raising mortality risk. Multigenerational high‐altitude populations are relatively protected from this birth‐weight decline, leading us to hypothesize that genetic factors were involved. We asked if the amount of high‐ versus low‐altitude ancestry influenced birth weight at high altitude and, specifically, whether such influences were affected by parent‐of‐ori…
Preference for sons and sex ratio in two non‐western societies
Moroccan Berbers and the Bolivian Aymara are two unrelated peasant groups living in adverse environments with a still rather traditional agriculture. Precarious life conditions may be responsible for the importance given to male labor and hence for the cultural preference conferred on male descent. This preference, expressed in the social valorization of sons to the detriment of daughters, is more emphasized if the socioeconomic status of the fam…
Human physiological adaptation to pregnancy
Reproductive success requires successful maternal physiological adaptation to pregnancy. An interspecific perspective reveals that the human species has modified features of our haplorhine heritage affecting the uteroplacental circulation. We speculate that such modifications — including early implantation and deep, widespread invasion of fetal (trophoblast cells) into and resultant remodeling of maternal uterine vessels — are responses to or com…
Reproduction in High Altitude Aymara
Reproductive characteristics at high altitude are described based on the reproductive histories of 720 Aymara women, collected in 1998 and 1999 in a group of twelve peasant communities at a mean altitude of 4000 m in the Bolivian Altiplano. The reproductive pattern is shaped by a late onset of childbearing, associated with a rather short reproductive span and large birth intervals. Environmental conditions could explain the particularly late age …
Helping patterns and reproductive success in Aymara communities
"Helpers at the nest," young adults remaining in their parents home to take care of younger siblings, are known in many species of birds and mammals. Similar behaviors are occasionally observed in human societies but their frequency and significance for parental reproductive success are still not fully appraised. This study was designed to document this issue in a traditional Aymara peasant society of the Bolivian Altiplano, It is based on 359 re…
Role of genetic and environmental factors in the increased blood pressures of Bolivian blacks
The tendency toward hypertension or higher blood pressure is more common in blacks than whites. The factors that account for these differences are attributed to both environmental and genetic factors. To clarify this issue, an anthropological study of black and nonblack populations in the lowland village of Chicaloma, northeastern Bolivia at a midaltitude of 1,800 m was conducted. The study included 159 subjects, of which 79 were black and 80 wer…
Role of genetic and environmental factors in the increased blood pressures of Bolivian blacks
The tendency toward hypertension or higher blood pressure is more common in blacks than whites. The factors that account for these differences are attributed to both environmental and genetic factors. To clarify this issue, an anthropological study of black and nonblack populations in the lowland village of Chicaloma, northeastern Bolivia at a midaltitude of 1,800 m was conducted. The study included 159 subjects, of which 79 were black and 80 wer…
Percent of oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin among Bolivian Aymara at 3,900-4,000 m
A range of variation in percent of oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin (SaO2) among healthy individuals at a given high altitude indicates differences in physiological hypoxemia despite uniform ambient hypoxic stress. In populations native to the Tibetan plateau, a significant portion of the variance is attributable to additive genetic factors, and there is a major gene influencing SaO2. To determine whether there is genetic variance in othe…
Developmental components of resting ventilation among high‐ and low‐altitude Andean children and adults
This paper evaluates the age-associated changes of resting ventilation of 115 high- and low-altitude Aymara subjects, of whom 61 were from the rural Aymara village of Ventilla situated at an average altitude of 4,200 m and 54 from the rural village of Caranavi situated at an average altitude of 900 m. Comparison of the age patterns of resting ventilation suggests the following conclusions: 1) the resting ventilation (ml/kg/min) of high-altitude n…
Developmental components of resting ventilation among high- and low-altitude Andean children and adults
This paper evaluates the age-associated changes of resting ventilation of 115 high- and low-altitude Aymara subjects, of whom 61 were from the rural Aymara village of Ventilla situated at an average altitude of 4,200 m and 54 from the rural village of Caranavi situated at an average altitude of 900 m. Comparison of the age patterns of resting ventilation suggests the following conclusions: 1) the resting ventilation (ml/kg/min) of high-altitude n…
Percent of oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin among Bolivian Aymara at 3,900–4,000 m
A range of variation in percent of oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin (SaO2) among healthy individuals at a given high altitude indicates differences in physiological hypoxemia despite uniform ambient hypoxic stress. In populations native to the Tibetan plateau, a significant portion of the variance is attributable to additive genetic factors, and there is a major gene influencing SaO2. To determine whether there is genetic variance in othe…
Hemoglobin concentration of high-altitude Tibetans and Bolivian Aymara
Elevated hemoglobin concentrations have been reported for high-altitude sojourners and Andean high-altitude natives since early in the 20th century. Thus, reports that have appeared since the 1970s describing relatively low hemoglobin concentration among Tibetan high-altitude natives were unexpected. These suggested a hypothesis of population differences in hematological response to high-altitude hypoxia. A case of quantitatively different respon…
Hemoglobin concentration of high‐altitude Tibetans and Bolivian Aymara
Elevated hemoglobin concentrations have been reported for high-altitude sojourners and Andean high-altitude natives since early in the 20th century. Thus, reports that have appeared since the 1970s describing relatively low hemoglobin concentration among Tibetan high-altitude natives were unexpected. These suggested a hypothesis of population differences in hematological response to high-altitude hypoxia. A case of quantitatively different respon…
Developmental, genetic, and environmental components of lung volumes at high altitude
of body surface area) of 357 subjects (205 males, 152 females) was evaluated in La Paz, Bolivia, situated at 3,750 m. The sample included: (1) 37 high altitude rural natives (all male), (2) 125 high altitude urban natives (69 male, 58 female), (3) 85 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude since birth (40 male, 45 female), (4) 63 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude during growth (30 male, 33 female), an…
Ventilation and hypoxic ventilatory response of Tibetan and Aymara high altitude natives
Ventilation and hypoxic ventilatory response of Tibetan and Aymara high altitude natives
Newcomers acclimatizing to high altitude and adult male Tibetan high altitude natives have increased ventilation relative to sea level natives at sea level. However, Andean and Rocky Mountain high altitude natives have an intermediate level of ventilation lower than that of newcomers and Tibetan high altitude natives although generally higher than that of sea level natives at sea level. Because the reason for the relative hypoventilation of some …
Developmental, genetic, and environmental components of aerobic capacity at high altitude
The aerobic capacity of 268 subjects (158 males and 110 females) was evaluated in La Paz, Bolivia situated at 3,750 m. The sample included 1) 39 high altitude rural natives (all male); 2) 67 high altitude urban natives (32 male, 35 female); 3) 69 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude since birth (37 male, 32 female); 4) 50 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude during growth (25 male, 25 female); and 5) …
Respiratory and hematological adaptations of young and older Aymara men native to 3600M
This paper reports the results of a study designed to test the hypothesis that an inevitable concomitant of aging at high altitudes is chronic mountain sickness resulting from excess erythrocytosis secondary to exaggerated hypoxemia caused by aging processes in the respiratory system. It compares age differences in respiratory system function in oxygenating the blood measured as percent O 2 saturation of arterial hemoglobin during wakefulness and…
Developmental, genetic, and environmental components of aerobic capacity at high altitude
The aerobic capacity of 268 subjects (158 males and 110 females) was evaluated in La Paz, Bolivia situated at 3,750 m. The sample included 1) 39 high altitude rural natives (all male); 2) 67 high altitude urban natives (32 male, 35 female); 3) 69 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude since birth (37 male, 32 female); 4) 50 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude during growth (25 male, 25 female); and 5) …
Respiratory and hematological adaptations of young and older Aymara men native to 3600M
This paper reports the results of a study designed to test the hypothesis that an inevitable concomitant of aging at high altitudes is chronic mountain sickness resulting from excess erythrocytosis secondary to exaggerated hypoxemia caused by aging processes in the respiratory system. It compares age differences in respiratory system function in oxygenating the blood measured as percent O 2 saturation of arterial hemoglobin during wakefulness and…
Developmental, genetic, and environmental components of aerobic capacity at high altitude
The aerobic capacity of 268 subjects (158 males and 110 females) was evaluated in La Paz, Bolivia situated at 3,750 m. The sample included 1) 39 high altitude rural natives (all male); 2) 67 high altitude urban natives (32 male, 35 female); 3) 69 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude since birth (37 male, 32 female); 4) 50 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude during growth (25 male, 25 female); and 5) …
Developmental, genetic, and environmental components of lung volumes at high altitude
of body surface area) of 357 subjects (205 males, 152 females) was evaluated in La Paz, Bolivia, situated at 3,750 m. The sample included: (1) 37 high altitude rural natives (all male), (2) 125 high altitude urban natives (69 male, 58 female), (3) 85 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude since birth (40 male, 45 female), (4) 63 Bolivians of foreign ancestry acclimatized to high altitude during growth (30 male, 33 female), an…
Ventilation and hypoxic ventilatory response of Tibetan and Aymara high altitude natives
Ventilation and hypoxic ventilatory response of Tibetan and Aymara high altitude natives
Newcomers acclimatizing to high altitude and adult male Tibetan high altitude natives have increased ventilation relative to sea level natives at sea level. However, Andean and Rocky Mountain high altitude natives have an intermediate level of ventilation lower than that of newcomers and Tibetan high altitude natives although generally higher than that of sea level natives at sea level. Because the reason for the relative hypoventilation of some …
Hemoglobin concentration of high-altitude Tibetans and Bolivian Aymara
Elevated hemoglobin concentrations have been reported for high-altitude sojourners and Andean high-altitude natives since early in the 20th century. Thus, reports that have appeared since the 1970s describing relatively low hemoglobin concentration among Tibetan high-altitude natives were unexpected. These suggested a hypothesis of population differences in hematological response to high-altitude hypoxia. A case of quantitatively different respon…
Hemoglobin concentration of high‐altitude Tibetans and Bolivian Aymara
Elevated hemoglobin concentrations have been reported for high-altitude sojourners and Andean high-altitude natives since early in the 20th century. Thus, reports that have appeared since the 1970s describing relatively low hemoglobin concentration among Tibetan high-altitude natives were unexpected. These suggested a hypothesis of population differences in hematological response to high-altitude hypoxia. A case of quantitatively different respon…
Role of genetic and environmental factors in the increased blood pressures of Bolivian blacks
The tendency toward hypertension or higher blood pressure is more common in blacks than whites. The factors that account for these differences are attributed to both environmental and genetic factors. To clarify this issue, an anthropological study of black and nonblack populations in the lowland village of Chicaloma, northeastern Bolivia at a midaltitude of 1,800 m was conducted. The study included 159 subjects, of which 79 were black and 80 wer…
Role of genetic and environmental factors in the increased blood pressures of Bolivian blacks
The tendency toward hypertension or higher blood pressure is more common in blacks than whites. The factors that account for these differences are attributed to both environmental and genetic factors. To clarify this issue, an anthropological study of black and nonblack populations in the lowland village of Chicaloma, northeastern Bolivia at a midaltitude of 1,800 m was conducted. The study included 159 subjects, of which 79 were black and 80 wer…
Percent of oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin among Bolivian Aymara at 3,900-4,000 m
A range of variation in percent of oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin (SaO2) among healthy individuals at a given high altitude indicates differences in physiological hypoxemia despite uniform ambient hypoxic stress. In populations native to the Tibetan plateau, a significant portion of the variance is attributable to additive genetic factors, and there is a major gene influencing SaO2. To determine whether there is genetic variance in othe…
Developmental components of resting ventilation among high‐ and low‐altitude Andean children and adults
This paper evaluates the age-associated changes of resting ventilation of 115 high- and low-altitude Aymara subjects, of whom 61 were from the rural Aymara village of Ventilla situated at an average altitude of 4,200 m and 54 from the rural village of Caranavi situated at an average altitude of 900 m. Comparison of the age patterns of resting ventilation suggests the following conclusions: 1) the resting ventilation (ml/kg/min) of high-altitude n…
Developmental components of resting ventilation among high- and low-altitude Andean children and adults
This paper evaluates the age-associated changes of resting ventilation of 115 high- and low-altitude Aymara subjects, of whom 61 were from the rural Aymara village of Ventilla situated at an average altitude of 4,200 m and 54 from the rural village of Caranavi situated at an average altitude of 900 m. Comparison of the age patterns of resting ventilation suggests the following conclusions: 1) the resting ventilation (ml/kg/min) of high-altitude n…
Percent of oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin among Bolivian Aymara at 3,900–4,000 m
A range of variation in percent of oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin (SaO2) among healthy individuals at a given high altitude indicates differences in physiological hypoxemia despite uniform ambient hypoxic stress. In populations native to the Tibetan plateau, a significant portion of the variance is attributable to additive genetic factors, and there is a major gene influencing SaO2. To determine whether there is genetic variance in othe…
Reproduction in High Altitude Aymara
Reproductive characteristics at high altitude are described based on the reproductive histories of 720 Aymara women, collected in 1998 and 1999 in a group of twelve peasant communities at a mean altitude of 4000 m in the Bolivian Altiplano. The reproductive pattern is shaped by a late onset of childbearing, associated with a rather short reproductive span and large birth intervals. Environmental conditions could explain the particularly late age …
Helping patterns and reproductive success in Aymara communities
"Helpers at the nest," young adults remaining in their parents home to take care of younger siblings, are known in many species of birds and mammals. Similar behaviors are occasionally observed in human societies but their frequency and significance for parental reproductive success are still not fully appraised. This study was designed to document this issue in a traditional Aymara peasant society of the Bolivian Altiplano, It is based on 359 re…
Human physiological adaptation to pregnancy
Reproductive success requires successful maternal physiological adaptation to pregnancy. An interspecific perspective reveals that the human species has modified features of our haplorhine heritage affecting the uteroplacental circulation. We speculate that such modifications — including early implantation and deep, widespread invasion of fetal (trophoblast cells) into and resultant remodeling of maternal uterine vessels — are responses to or com…
Preference for sons and sex ratio in two non‐western societies
Moroccan Berbers and the Bolivian Aymara are two unrelated peasant groups living in adverse environments with a still rather traditional agriculture. Precarious life conditions may be responsible for the importance given to male labor and hence for the cultural preference conferred on male descent. This preference, expressed in the social valorization of sons to the detriment of daughters, is more emphasized if the socioeconomic status of the fam…
Evidence that parent‐of‐origin affects birth‐weight reductions at high altitude
Hypoxia exerts a profound depressant effect on fetal growth, lowering birth weight, and raising mortality risk. Multigenerational high‐altitude populations are relatively protected from this birth‐weight decline, leading us to hypothesize that genetic factors were involved. We asked if the amount of high‐ versus low‐altitude ancestry influenced birth weight at high altitude and, specifically, whether such influences were affected by parent‐of‐ori…
Seasonal and circadian variation in salivary testosterone in rural Bolivian men
Testosterone (T) plays a key role in the increase and maintenance of muscle mass and bone density in adult men. Life history theory predicts that environmental stress may prompt a reallocation of such investments to those functions critical to survival. We tested this hypothesis in two studies of rural Bolivian adult men by comparing free T levels and circadian rhythms during late winter, which is especially severe, to those in less arduous seaso…
Lowland origin women raised at high altitude are not protected against lower uteroplacental O 2 delivery during pregnancy or reduced birth weight
OBJECTIVE: Maternal physiologic responses to pregnancy promoting fetal oxygen and nutrient delivery are important determinants of reproductive success. Incomplete physiologic compensation for reduced oxygen availability at high altitude (≥2,500 m) compromises fetal growth. Populations of highland (e.g., Andeans, Tibetans) compared with lowland origin groups (e.g., Europeans, Han Chinese) are protected from this altitude-associated decrease in bir…
Andean and Tibetan patterns of adaptation to high altitude
OBJECTIVES: High-altitude hypoxia, or decreased oxygen levels caused by low barometric pressure, challenges the ability of humans to live and reproduce. Despite these challenges, human populations have lived on the Andean Altiplano and the Tibetan Plateau for millennia and exhibit unique circulatory, respiratory, and hematological adaptations to life at high altitude. We and others have identified natural selection candidate genes and gene region…
La oferta de pódcast nativo en Puerto Rico
El podcasting se debate entre posibilitar las culturas participativas gracias a la expresión personal y cultural de podcasters independientes o ser una industria promovida desde los medios periodísticos y la “plataformización” del mercado de la comunicación. El caso del contexto sociocultural de Puerto Rico también enfrenta esta cuestión y es de interés identificar la oferta estable y regular de pódcast nativos realizada por los sectores del podc…
Demography (14 obras) · Medicine (14 obras) · Effects of high altitude on humans (13 obras) · High Altitude and Hypoxia (12 obras) · Biology (11 obras) · Altitude (triangle) (9 obras) · Geography (8 obras) · Internal Medicine (8 obras) · Population (8 obras) · Internal Medicine (6 obras)