Florian Van Leeuwen
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4379130 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Florian Van Leeuwen |
| NOMBRES | Florian |
| APELLIDO | Van Leeuwen |
| FIRMA | VAN LEEUWEN F |
| AFILIACIONES | Tilburg University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-9694-8300 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 22 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 36 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 22 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2009 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
A developmental map of pathogen-avoidance behaviors
Linking anger and disgust to motives and anticipations of aggression in the East
Anger and disgust often underlie responses to social transgressions, yet their links to aggressive punishments have been primarily studied in Western populations.Across two studies sampling from Japan, we tested a socio-functional account of these two other-condemning moral emotions, which predicts differential associations of anger and disgust with direct versus indirect aggression.Study 1 (N = 1,231) revealed that anger relates to motives to ag…
What made people (more) positive toward the Covid-19 vaccine? Exploring positive and negative deviance perspectives
This study demonstrates the applicability of traditional health psychology models, such as the health belief model, in explaining deviant vaccination behavior. Additionally, leveraging prosocial motivations and imposing restrictions on non-vaccinated individuals have been effective strategies for promoting vaccination uptake, albeit restricted to pandemic contexts. As some individuals will remain resistant to vaccination efforts, tailored interve…
The smoke-detector principle of pathogen avoidance
Motivations to avoid infectious disease seem to influence prejudice toward some groups, including groups not explicitly associated with infectious disease. The standard explanation for this phenomenon is based on signal detection theory and proposes that some prejudices partially arise from pathogen detection mechanisms that are biased toward making false alarms (false positives) in order to minimize misses (false negatives). Therefore, pathogen …
What traits do citizens value in leaders during war? Experimental and panel-based evidence from Ukraine in 2022
When do citizens want a dominant political leader? A prominent Conflict-Sensitivity Hypothesis suggests such preferences arise during intergroup conflict, yet it remains untested in a real war. We report results from an experiment embedded in a two-wave panel survey with 1,081 Ukrainians (811 re-interviewed) at the start of Russia’s 2022 invasion. We find that respondents generally value competence and warmth over dominance in leaders. Yet, war i…
Do Experimental Manipulations of Pathogen Avoidance Motivations Influence Conformity
By conforming to ingroup norms, individuals coordinate with other group members, preserve cohesion, and avoid costs of exclusion. Previous experiments have shown that increased concerns about infectious disease increase conformity. However, coordination with other group members has multiple benefits, most of which exist independent of pathogenic infection. Hence, a strong causal effect of pathogen avoidance motivations on conformity seems unlikel…
Exposure to Immigrants Does Not Moderate the Relationship Between Disgust Sensitivity and Opposition to Immigration
Individuals who are more motivated to avoid pathogenic infection tend to be more opposed to immigrants. Explanations for this relation emphasize lack of familiarity, with people who are more unfamiliar with ethnic outgroups being more likely to perceive them as a possible infection risk and therefore oppose immigration. Exposure to immigrants can increase familiarity with outgroup members. This suggests that exposure to immigrants attenuates the …
War and food insecurity in Ukraine
Do cues of infectious disease shape people’s affective responses to social exclusion
Social exclusion triggers aversive reactions (e.g., increased negative affect), but being excluded may bring substantial benefits by reducing pathogen exposure associated with social interactions. Is exclusion less aversive when cues of infectious diseases are salient in the environment? We conducted two preregistered experiments with a 2 (belonging status: included vs. excluded) × 2 (disease salience: low vs. high) design, using scenarios (Study…
Disgust sensitivity relates to attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women across 31 nations
Previous work has reported a relation between pathogen-avoidance motivations and prejudice toward various social groups, including gay men and lesbian women. It is currently unknown whether this association is present across cultures, or specific to North America. Analyses of survey data from adult heterosexuals ( N = 11,200) from 31 countries showed a small relation between pathogen disgust sensitivity (an individual-difference measure of pathog…
Poor Prospects—Not Inequality—Motivate Political Violence
Despite extensive scholarly interest in the association between economic inequality and political violence, the micro-level mechanisms through which the former influences the latter are not well understood. Drawing on pioneering theories of political violence, social psychological research on relative deprivation, and prospect theory from behavioral economics, we examine individual-level processes that underpin the relationship between inequality…
The Association Between Threat and Politics Depends on the Type of Threat, the Political Domain, and the Country
Theories link threat with right-wing political beliefs. We use the World Values Survey (60,378 participants) to explore how six types of threat (e.g., economic, violence, and surveillance) are associated with multiple political beliefs (e.g., cultural, economic, and ideological identification) in 56 countries/territories. Multilevel models with individuals nested in countries revealed that the threat-political belief association depends on the ty…
Fairness matters when responding to disasters
Governments worldwide are regularly faced with severe weather conditions and disasters caused by natural hazards. Does the way in which governments respond to disasters affect their legitimacy? The current study investigated how evaluations of authorities were influenced by four aspects of a governmental response to a hypothetical disaster. In a survey experiment participants read a scenario in which a government distributed aid in the aftermath …
The behavioral immune system is designed to avoid infected individuals, not outgroups
What is the adapted structure of the behavioral immune system? By definition, the behavioral immune system motivates pathogen avoidance. One prominent suggestion is that the behavioral immune system also contains an additional component that generates motivation to avoid individuals from unfamiliar outgroups. The evolvability of this component has recently been questioned, however, and it has been noted that all supportive evidence stems from WEI…
Individual Choose-to-Transmit Decisions Reveal Little Preference for Transmitting Negative or High-Arousal Content
Research on social transmission suggests that people preferentially transmit information about threats and social interactions. Such biases might be driven by the arousal that is experienced as part of the emotional response triggered by information about threats or social relationships. The current studies tested whether preferences for transmitting threat-relevant information are consistent with a functional motive to recruit social support. US…
Aggression
Parasite stress and pathogen avoidance relate to distinct dimensions of political ideology across 30 nations
Significance Pathogens, and antipathogen behavioral strategies, affect myriad aspects of human behavior. Recent findings suggest that antipathogen strategies relate to political attitudes, with more ideologically conservative individuals reporting more disgust toward pathogen cues, and with higher parasite stress nations being, on average, more conservative. However, no research has yet adjudicated between two theoretical accounts proposed to exp…
Moral concerns across the United States
Regional variation in pathogen prevalence predicts endorsement of group-focused moral concerns
Homeliness is in the disgust sensitivity of the beholder
Another fundamental social category? Spontaneous categorization of people who uphold or violate moral norms
Perceptions of social dangers, moral foundations, and political orientation
Fairness matters when responding to disasters
Governments worldwide are regularly faced with severe weather conditions and disasters caused by natural hazards. Does the way in which governments respond to disasters affect their legitimacy? The current study investigated how evaluations of authorities were influenced by four aspects of a governmental response to a hypothetical disaster. In a survey experiment participants read a scenario in which a government distributed aid in the aftermath …
Another fundamental social category? Spontaneous categorization of people who uphold or violate moral norms
Disgust sensitivity relates to attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women across 31 nations
Previous work has reported a relation between pathogen-avoidance motivations and prejudice toward various social groups, including gay men and lesbian women. It is currently unknown whether this association is present across cultures, or specific to North America. Analyses of survey data from adult heterosexuals ( N = 11,200) from 31 countries showed a small relation between pathogen disgust sensitivity (an individual-difference measure of pathog…
Poor Prospects—Not Inequality—Motivate Political Violence
Despite extensive scholarly interest in the association between economic inequality and political violence, the micro-level mechanisms through which the former influences the latter are not well understood. Drawing on pioneering theories of political violence, social psychological research on relative deprivation, and prospect theory from behavioral economics, we examine individual-level processes that underpin the relationship between inequality…
What traits do citizens value in leaders during war? Experimental and panel-based evidence from Ukraine in 2022
When do citizens want a dominant political leader? A prominent Conflict-Sensitivity Hypothesis suggests such preferences arise during intergroup conflict, yet it remains untested in a real war. We report results from an experiment embedded in a two-wave panel survey with 1,081 Ukrainians (811 re-interviewed) at the start of Russia’s 2022 invasion. We find that respondents generally value competence and warmth over dominance in leaders. Yet, war i…
War and food insecurity in Ukraine
Individual Choose-to-Transmit Decisions Reveal Little Preference for Transmitting Negative or High-Arousal Content
Research on social transmission suggests that people preferentially transmit information about threats and social interactions. Such biases might be driven by the arousal that is experienced as part of the emotional response triggered by information about threats or social relationships. The current studies tested whether preferences for transmitting threat-relevant information are consistent with a functional motive to recruit social support. US…
Perceptions of social dangers, moral foundations, and political orientation
Regional variation in pathogen prevalence predicts endorsement of group-focused moral concerns
Homeliness is in the disgust sensitivity of the beholder
Another fundamental social category? Spontaneous categorization of people who uphold or violate moral norms
Moral concerns across the United States
Aggression
Parasite stress and pathogen avoidance relate to distinct dimensions of political ideology across 30 nations
Significance Pathogens, and antipathogen behavioral strategies, affect myriad aspects of human behavior. Recent findings suggest that antipathogen strategies relate to political attitudes, with more ideologically conservative individuals reporting more disgust toward pathogen cues, and with higher parasite stress nations being, on average, more conservative. However, no research has yet adjudicated between two theoretical accounts proposed to exp…
The behavioral immune system is designed to avoid infected individuals, not outgroups
What is the adapted structure of the behavioral immune system? By definition, the behavioral immune system motivates pathogen avoidance. One prominent suggestion is that the behavioral immune system also contains an additional component that generates motivation to avoid individuals from unfamiliar outgroups. The evolvability of this component has recently been questioned, however, and it has been noted that all supportive evidence stems from WEI…
Individual Choose-to-Transmit Decisions Reveal Little Preference for Transmitting Negative or High-Arousal Content
Research on social transmission suggests that people preferentially transmit information about threats and social interactions. Such biases might be driven by the arousal that is experienced as part of the emotional response triggered by information about threats or social relationships. The current studies tested whether preferences for transmitting threat-relevant information are consistent with a functional motive to recruit social support. US…
Fairness matters when responding to disasters
Governments worldwide are regularly faced with severe weather conditions and disasters caused by natural hazards. Does the way in which governments respond to disasters affect their legitimacy? The current study investigated how evaluations of authorities were influenced by four aspects of a governmental response to a hypothetical disaster. In a survey experiment participants read a scenario in which a government distributed aid in the aftermath …
The Association Between Threat and Politics Depends on the Type of Threat, the Political Domain, and the Country
Theories link threat with right-wing political beliefs. We use the World Values Survey (60,378 participants) to explore how six types of threat (e.g., economic, violence, and surveillance) are associated with multiple political beliefs (e.g., cultural, economic, and ideological identification) in 56 countries/territories. Multilevel models with individuals nested in countries revealed that the threat-political belief association depends on the ty…
Do cues of infectious disease shape people’s affective responses to social exclusion
Social exclusion triggers aversive reactions (e.g., increased negative affect), but being excluded may bring substantial benefits by reducing pathogen exposure associated with social interactions. Is exclusion less aversive when cues of infectious diseases are salient in the environment? We conducted two preregistered experiments with a 2 (belonging status: included vs. excluded) × 2 (disease salience: low vs. high) design, using scenarios (Study…
Disgust sensitivity relates to attitudes toward gay men and lesbian women across 31 nations
Previous work has reported a relation between pathogen-avoidance motivations and prejudice toward various social groups, including gay men and lesbian women. It is currently unknown whether this association is present across cultures, or specific to North America. Analyses of survey data from adult heterosexuals ( N = 11,200) from 31 countries showed a small relation between pathogen disgust sensitivity (an individual-difference measure of pathog…
Poor Prospects—Not Inequality—Motivate Political Violence
Despite extensive scholarly interest in the association between economic inequality and political violence, the micro-level mechanisms through which the former influences the latter are not well understood. Drawing on pioneering theories of political violence, social psychological research on relative deprivation, and prospect theory from behavioral economics, we examine individual-level processes that underpin the relationship between inequality…
Do Experimental Manipulations of Pathogen Avoidance Motivations Influence Conformity
By conforming to ingroup norms, individuals coordinate with other group members, preserve cohesion, and avoid costs of exclusion. Previous experiments have shown that increased concerns about infectious disease increase conformity. However, coordination with other group members has multiple benefits, most of which exist independent of pathogenic infection. Hence, a strong causal effect of pathogen avoidance motivations on conformity seems unlikel…
Exposure to Immigrants Does Not Moderate the Relationship Between Disgust Sensitivity and Opposition to Immigration
Individuals who are more motivated to avoid pathogenic infection tend to be more opposed to immigrants. Explanations for this relation emphasize lack of familiarity, with people who are more unfamiliar with ethnic outgroups being more likely to perceive them as a possible infection risk and therefore oppose immigration. Exposure to immigrants can increase familiarity with outgroup members. This suggests that exposure to immigrants attenuates the …
War and food insecurity in Ukraine
Linking anger and disgust to motives and anticipations of aggression in the East
Anger and disgust often underlie responses to social transgressions, yet their links to aggressive punishments have been primarily studied in Western populations.Across two studies sampling from Japan, we tested a socio-functional account of these two other-condemning moral emotions, which predicts differential associations of anger and disgust with direct versus indirect aggression.Study 1 (N = 1,231) revealed that anger relates to motives to ag…
What made people (more) positive toward the Covid-19 vaccine? Exploring positive and negative deviance perspectives
This study demonstrates the applicability of traditional health psychology models, such as the health belief model, in explaining deviant vaccination behavior. Additionally, leveraging prosocial motivations and imposing restrictions on non-vaccinated individuals have been effective strategies for promoting vaccination uptake, albeit restricted to pandemic contexts. As some individuals will remain resistant to vaccination efforts, tailored interve…
The smoke-detector principle of pathogen avoidance
Motivations to avoid infectious disease seem to influence prejudice toward some groups, including groups not explicitly associated with infectious disease. The standard explanation for this phenomenon is based on signal detection theory and proposes that some prejudices partially arise from pathogen detection mechanisms that are biased toward making false alarms (false positives) in order to minimize misses (false negatives). Therefore, pathogen …
What traits do citizens value in leaders during war? Experimental and panel-based evidence from Ukraine in 2022
When do citizens want a dominant political leader? A prominent Conflict-Sensitivity Hypothesis suggests such preferences arise during intergroup conflict, yet it remains untested in a real war. We report results from an experiment embedded in a two-wave panel survey with 1,081 Ukrainians (811 re-interviewed) at the start of Russia’s 2022 invasion. We find that respondents generally value competence and warmth over dominance in leaders. Yet, war i…
A developmental map of pathogen-avoidance behaviors
Psychology (18 obras) · Social Psychology (17 obras) · Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment (16 obras) · Cultural Differences and Values (10 obras) · Social and Intergroup Psychology (9 obras) · Developmental psychology (8 obras) · Political science (8 obras) · Politics (7 obras) · Social Psychology (6 obras) · Disgust (5 obras)