Neil J Loader
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4456563 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Neil J Loader |
| NOMBRES | Neil J |
| APELLIDO | Loader |
| FIRMA | LOADER N J |
| AFILIACIONES | Swansea University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6841-1813 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 36 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 60 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 36 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1995 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 4 |
An absolutely dated mid-Holocene English yew chronology offers new opportunities for archaeological and palaeoenvironmental research
Research on Holocene climate variability and human history greatly benefits from annually resolved and absolutely dated tree-ring chronologies. The quality and quantity of such records, however, decline back in time, with little tree-ring evidence available for the Early and Middle Holocene. Here, we present a tree-ring width (TRW) chronology from 100 subfossil yews ( Taxus baccata L.) excavated from peat-rich soils in the Fenland region of easte…
Ring‐Width Dendrochronology, Isotopic Dendrochronology and Radiocarbon Dating of Timbers From the Spire Scaffold of Salisbury Cathedral, Wiltshire, England
Ten timbers from the spire scaffold of Salisbury Cathedral were dated using a combination of ring‐width dendrochronology, stable oxygen isotopic dendrochronology and radiocarbon dating. Seven timbers were coeval and assigned a combined empirical felling date range of 1352–1378, which was further refined to 1351–1359 (OxCal 95.4%). These results would indicate that the scaffold was not a 1320s construction but instead built later in the 14th centu…
Looking at the Wood, Seeing the Trees and More
The Australia-New Zealand Tree-Ring Conference was held January 21–23, 2025, at Waipapa Taumata Rau/University of Auckland, in Aotearoa/New Zealand. It was intended to provide an opportunity for the Australian and New Zealand dendrochronological researchers to meet, present current research, and discuss the challenges and opportunities in working with Southern Hemisphere tree species, but it was open to others outside of Australasia, including so…
Stable isotope tree-ring dates
The precise and accurate dating of medieval bridge remains at Ancrum, Scottish Borders, using stable isotope dendrochronology
Stable oxygen isotope dendrochronology applied to timbers from Ancrum Old Bridge (River Teviot, Scotland). • A felling date of winter AD 1428/29 identified and verified. • Result differs from the most probable (95.4 %) wiggle match radiocarbon date. • Confirmed as a rare example of medieval bridge construction methods in Scotland. The discovery of Ancrum Old Bridge (River Teviot, Scotland) in 2018 was a significant archaeological finding for Scot…
Inter-Genus Oxygen Isotope Dendrochronology of the Newport Medieval Ship Keel
International audience
Stable isotope tree-ring dates
Oxygen Isotope Dendrochronology of the Newport Medieval Ship
Since the discovery of the Newport Medieval Ship in 2002, many studies have tried to establish a chronology for its construction and subsequent abandonment.Whilst conventional ringwidth dendrochronology has been able to identify the provenance and provide a terminus post quem for the ship, until now a felling date for timbers associated with the original construction of the vessel has proved elusive.This study reports results from the application…
Stable Isotope Tree-Ring Dates
Stable Isotope Tree-Ring Dates
Batch Processing of Tree-Ring Samples for Radiocarbon Analysis
We here present a comparison of methods for the pretreatment of a batch of tree rings for high-precision measurement of radiocarbon at the Aarhus AMS Centre (AARAMS), Aarhus University, Denmark. The aim was to develop an efficient and high-throughput method able to pretreat ca. 50 samples at a time. We tested two methods for extracting α-cellulose from wood to find the most optimal for our use. One method used acetic acid, the other used HCl acid…
Oxygen isotope dating of oak and elm timbers from the portcullis windlass, Byward Tower, Tower of London
A new isotopic method for dating oak and non-oak (elm) timbers is applied to samples from the portcullis windlass mechanism in the Byward Tower, Tower of London. This structure was previously sampled for ring width dendrochronology but failed to date. Successful application of the stable oxygen isotope dating method returns a felling date of winter AD 1656/7 for the oak timbers used to construct the gear wheel and a date of after AD 1648 (terminu…
Are there enormous age-trends in stable carbon isotope ratios of oak tree rings
We test a recent prediction that stable carbon isotope ratios from UK oaks will display age-trends of more than 4‰ per century by measuring >5400 carbon isotope ratios from the late-wood alpha-cellulose of individual rings from 18 modern oak trees and 50 building timbers spanning the 9th-21st centuries. After a very short (c.5 years) juvenile phase with slightly elevated values, the number of series that show rising and falling trends is almost e…
Stable Isotope Tree-Ring Dates
Recent developments in UK dendrochronology have shown that cross-dating of annually resolved tree-ring stable isotope sequences from oak latewood cellulose provides an extremely effective precision
Stable Isotope Tree-Ring Dates
Recent developments in UK dendrochronology have shown that cross-dating of annually resolved tree-ring stable-isotope sequences from oak latewood cellulose provides an extremely effective precision
Stable Isotope Dating of Historic Buildings
The recent development of an oxygen isotope (δ18O) master chronology for south central England (1200–2000 AD) has successfully demonstrated reliable cross-dating between the master chronology and undated samples from vernacular and high-status buildings. The method is well suited to complacent, wide-ringed samples, which are commonplace throughout the UK historic buildings archive and often fail to date by ring-width dendrochronology, or remain u…
Impact of pre-Columbian “geoglyph” builders on Amazonian forests
Significance Amazonian rainforests once thought to be pristine wildernesses are increasingly known to have been inhabited by large populations before European contact. How and to what extent these societies impacted their landscape through deforestation and forest management is still controversial, particularly in the vast interfluvial uplands that have been little studied. In Brazil, the groundbreaking discovery of hundreds of geometric earthwor…
Measuring the skill of variance-scaled climate reconstructions and a test for the capture of extremes
Climate reconstructions produced using regression, with a proxy as the independent variable, are inevitably biased towards the mean, exhibit reduced variance and underestimate extremes. Scaling the mean and variance to fit those of the target climate data produces a more realistic range of reconstructed values but the cost, in terms of inflated error, is seldom assessed. We provide a simple metric that allows the loss of skill because of scaling …
Late-Holocene climate dynamics recorded in the peat bogs of Tierra del Fuego, South America
The ombrotrophic peat bogs of Tierra del Fuego are located within the southern westerly wind belt (SWWB), which dominates climate variability in this region. We have reconstructed late-Holocene water-table depths from three peat bogs and aimed to relate these records to shifts in regional climate. Water-table depths were quantified by the analysis of testate amoeba assemblages, and a regional transfer function was used to infer past water-table d…
An Extractor Device for Stuck or Broken Increment Borers
A lightweight, portable device for extracting stuck or broken increment borers is presented and its operation described. The “Decorum” extractor is compact and weighs less than 400 g. It is easily carried in a belt pouch or pocket and is both reliable and easy to operate. The extractor does not require fixed tie points nor does it damage the tree. It offers an effective solution to a widely occurring problem in dendrochronology and forest researc…
Quantifying uncertainty in isotope dendroclimatology
To maximise the potential of the tree-ring isotopic signal for palaeoclimate research it is essential to understand and characterise the natural variability between individual trees. This study explores the nature of inter-tree isotopic variability and evaluates the implications for developing robust palaeoclimate reconstructions. We confirm levels of natural inter-tree variability similar to those reported in previous studies, but demonstrate, u…
A 1200-year multiproxy record of tree growth and summer temperature at the northern pine forest limit of Europe
Combining nine tree growth proxies from four sites, from the west coast of Norway to the Kola Peninsula of NW Russia, provides a well replicated (> 100 annual measurements per year) mean index of tree growth over the last 1200 years that represents the growth of much of the northern pine timberline forests of northern Fennoscandia. The simple mean of the nine series, z-scored over their common period, correlates strongly with mean June to August …
Blue Intensity In Pinus sylvestris Tree Rings
Minimum blue intensity is a reflected light imaging technique that provides an inexpensive, robust and reliable surrogate for maximum latewood density. In this application it was found that temperature reconstructions from resin-extracted samples of Pinus sylvestris (L.) from Fennoscandia provide results equivalent to conventional x-ray densitometry. This paper describes the implementation of the blue intensity method using commercially available…
An annually resolved bristlecone pine carbon isotope chronology for the last millennium
We present the first near millennium-length, annually resolved stable isotope record from bristlecone pines ( Pinus longaeva , D.K Bailey). The carbon isotope ratios from the cellulose of seven trees from the White Mountains of California, corrected for anthropogenic changes in atmospheric chemistry, are used to reconstruct growing season (June through August) precipitation back to AD 1085. Extremely negative isotope results are strongly correlat…
Reconstructing Holocene climate from tree rings
Despite promising research in the 1980s showing the potential of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) for the reconstruction of past summer temperatures in the Scottish Highlands, little dendroclimatic work has been attempted in this region since. This reflects, in part, the limited number of sparsely distributed remnant natural/semi-natural pine woodlands in the Scottish Highlands and the lack of old growth forest therein. On average, most of the p…
A 1200-year multiproxy record of tree growth and summer temperature at the northern pine forest limit of Europe
Combining nine tree growth proxies from four sites, from the west coast of Norway to the Kola Peninsula of NW Russia, provides a well replicated (> 100 annual measurements per year) mean index of tree growth over the last 1200 years that represents the growth of much of the northern pine timberline forests of northern Fennoscandia. The simple mean of the nine series, z-scored over their common period, correlates strongly with mean June to August …
Blue intensity in Pinus sylvestris tree-rings
Minimum blue intensity measurements of resin-extracted Pinus sylvestris (L.) samples, conducted using a flat-bed scanner and commercially available software, are shown to provide a robust and reliable surrogate for maximum latewood density. Blue intensity data from 15 trees, from three stands, are reported relative to a standard blue-scale in a manner similar to grey-scale calibration in x-ray densitometry. The resulting time series are highly co…
Batch Processing of Tree-Ring Samples for Radiocarbon Analysis
We here present a comparison of methods for the pretreatment of a batch of tree rings for high-precision measurement of radiocarbon at the Aarhus AMS Centre (AARAMS), Aarhus University, Denmark. The aim was to develop an efficient and high-throughput method able to pretreat ca. 50 samples at a time. We tested two methods for extracting α-cellulose from wood to find the most optimal for our use. One method used acetic acid, the other used HCl acid…
Exorcising the `segment length curse
Stable carbon isotope ratios from the latewood cellulose of 12 trees from two sites in northern Finland are used to construct an isotope chronology covering AD 1640 to 2002. By measuring isotopic ratios of every sample independently it is possible to identify and remove the juvenile portion of each δ 13 C series, correct the individual series for anthropogenic changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide isotopic ratios and concentrations, and to quanti…
Quantifying uncertainty in isotope dendroclimatology
To maximise the potential of the tree-ring isotopic signal for palaeoclimate research it is essential to understand and characterise the natural variability between individual trees. This study explores the nature of inter-tree isotopic variability and evaluates the implications for developing robust palaeoclimate reconstructions. We confirm levels of natural inter-tree variability similar to those reported in previous studies, but demonstrate, u…
A 500-year record of summer near-ground solar radiation from tree-ring stable carbon isotopes
Tree-ring stable carbon isotope ratios (d 13 C) in environments of low moisture stress are likely to be controlled primarily by photosynthetic rate. Therefore, sunshine, rather than temperature, represents the more direct controlling factor. Temperature reconstructions based on tree-ring d 13 C results thus rest on the assumption that temperature and sunshine are strongly coupled. This assumption is tested using a d 13 C series from pine trees in…
Characterizing carbon isotopic variability in Sphagnum
To understand more fully the nature of isotopic fractionation in mosses and to explore the potential of stable isotope analyses of selected peat constituents for palaeoenvironmental research, we present results from a study of inter- and intra-plant δ 13 C variability in Sphagnum spp. Subdivisions of stem, pendant and horizontal branch elements of modern Sphagnum capillifolium plants revealed consistent and statistically significant differences i…
Stable Isotope Dating of Historic Buildings
The recent development of an oxygen isotope (δ18O) master chronology for south central England (1200–2000 AD) has successfully demonstrated reliable cross-dating between the master chronology and undated samples from vernacular and high-status buildings. The method is well suited to complacent, wide-ringed samples, which are commonplace throughout the UK historic buildings archive and often fail to date by ring-width dendrochronology, or remain u…
Reconstructing Holocene climate from tree rings
Despite promising research in the 1980s showing the potential of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) for the reconstruction of past summer temperatures in the Scottish Highlands, little dendroclimatic work has been attempted in this region since. This reflects, in part, the limited number of sparsely distributed remnant natural/semi-natural pine woodlands in the Scottish Highlands and the lack of old growth forest therein. On average, most of the p…
Towards a reconstruction of Blue Nile baseflow from Ethiopian tree rings
Most of the water in the River Nile originates from monsoonal rainfall over the Ethiopian Highlands. Despite warnings of future climate change, little is known about the historical variability in this supply, particularly at annual resolution. Development of tree-ring records in this region has been limited by the occurrence of bi- or multimodal rainfall regimes, causing the development of multiple growth rings that cannot be dated with confidenc…
High-resolution stable isotope analysis of tree rings
High-resolution stable isotope analyses were carried out on a sample of oak (Quercus petraea) from Cultra, Co Down, UK. A sampling strategy of unparallelled resolution was adopted in an attempt to reconstruct short-term climatic changes during the growing season. The results display a surprising clarity of signal and suggest a significant relationship between δ 13 C and relative humidity and, to a lesser extent, temperature. This preliminary stud…
Late-Holocene climate dynamics recorded in the peat bogs of Tierra del Fuego, South America
The ombrotrophic peat bogs of Tierra del Fuego are located within the southern westerly wind belt (SWWB), which dominates climate variability in this region. We have reconstructed late-Holocene water-table depths from three peat bogs and aimed to relate these records to shifts in regional climate. Water-table depths were quantified by the analysis of testate amoeba assemblages, and a regional transfer function was used to infer past water-table d…
Oxygen Isotope Dendrochronology of the Newport Medieval Ship
Since the discovery of the Newport Medieval Ship in 2002, many studies have tried to establish a chronology for its construction and subsequent abandonment.Whilst conventional ringwidth dendrochronology has been able to identify the provenance and provide a terminus post quem for the ship, until now a felling date for timbers associated with the original construction of the vessel has proved elusive.This study reports results from the application…
Measuring the skill of variance-scaled climate reconstructions and a test for the capture of extremes
Climate reconstructions produced using regression, with a proxy as the independent variable, are inevitably biased towards the mean, exhibit reduced variance and underestimate extremes. Scaling the mean and variance to fit those of the target climate data produces a more realistic range of reconstructed values but the cost, in terms of inflated error, is seldom assessed. We provide a simple metric that allows the loss of skill because of scaling …
Spatial variation in pollen δ13C correlates with temperature and seasonal development timing
Stable carbon isotope analyses were performed on the sporopollenin of modern Pinus sylvestris pollen (δ 13 Cpollen) from a network of sites across Europe. A strong linear relationship (r 2 = 0.68 P 0.001) is observed between δ 13 Cpollen and mean temperature during the month prior to efflorescence. Although the duration of pollen development almost certainly varies between sites, these results support observations that the majority of pollen mass…
High-resolution stable isotope analysis of tree rings
High-resolution stable isotope analyses were carried out on a sample of oak (Quercus petraea) from Cultra, Co Down, UK. A sampling strategy of unparallelled resolution was adopted in an attempt to reconstruct short-term climatic changes during the growing season. The results display a surprising clarity of signal and suggest a significant relationship between δ 13 C and relative humidity and, to a lesser extent, temperature. This preliminary stud…
Variations in the carbon isotope composition of late-Holocene plant macrofossils
Stable carbon isotope measurements (δ 13 C) made on Quaternary sequences of terrestrial plant subfos sils are frequently used to infer palaeoclimatic trends. However, differential decomposition of individual con stituents during incorporation of plant material into lake sediments could influence these interpretations. There fore, we investigated down-core variations in the carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C) of subfossil leaves of Salix herbacea …
Spatial variation in pollen δ13C correlates with temperature and seasonal development timing
Stable carbon isotope analyses were performed on the sporopollenin of modern Pinus sylvestris pollen (δ 13 Cpollen) from a network of sites across Europe. A strong linear relationship (r 2 = 0.68 P 0.001) is observed between δ 13 Cpollen and mean temperature during the month prior to efflorescence. Although the duration of pollen development almost certainly varies between sites, these results support observations that the majority of pollen mass…
Stable isotopes in tree rings
Characterizing carbon isotopic variability in Sphagnum
To understand more fully the nature of isotopic fractionation in mosses and to explore the potential of stable isotope analyses of selected peat constituents for palaeoenvironmental research, we present results from a study of inter- and intra-plant δ 13 C variability in Sphagnum spp. Subdivisions of stem, pendant and horizontal branch elements of modern Sphagnum capillifolium plants revealed consistent and statistically significant differences i…
Exorcising the `segment length curse
Stable carbon isotope ratios from the latewood cellulose of 12 trees from two sites in northern Finland are used to construct an isotope chronology covering AD 1640 to 2002. By measuring isotopic ratios of every sample independently it is possible to identify and remove the juvenile portion of each δ 13 C series, correct the individual series for anthropogenic changes in atmospheric carbon dioxide isotopic ratios and concentrations, and to quanti…
Blue intensity in Pinus sylvestris tree-rings
Minimum blue intensity measurements of resin-extracted Pinus sylvestris (L.) samples, conducted using a flat-bed scanner and commercially available software, are shown to provide a robust and reliable surrogate for maximum latewood density. Blue intensity data from 15 trees, from three stands, are reported relative to a standard blue-scale in a manner similar to grey-scale calibration in x-ray densitometry. The resulting time series are highly co…
A 500-year record of summer near-ground solar radiation from tree-ring stable carbon isotopes
Tree-ring stable carbon isotope ratios (d 13 C) in environments of low moisture stress are likely to be controlled primarily by photosynthetic rate. Therefore, sunshine, rather than temperature, represents the more direct controlling factor. Temperature reconstructions based on tree-ring d 13 C results thus rest on the assumption that temperature and sunshine are strongly coupled. This assumption is tested using a d 13 C series from pine trees in…
Temporal stability in bristlecone pine tree-ring stable oxygen isotope chronologies over the last two centuries
The absolutely dated bristlecone pine ( Pinus longaeva) tree-ring chronology spans almost 9000 years, offering great potential for inferring past environmental change. Existing ring width chronologies have been widely used to produce some of the most influential millennial length temperature reconstructions for the Northern Hemisphere. A recently published δ 18 O record from two bristlecone pine trees growing at Methuselah Walk in the White Mount…
Twentieth-century summer temperature variability in the southern Altai Mountains
The Altai mountains, southern Siberia, represent an area of significant scientific interest and exceptional palaeoecological potential. To assess the influence of climate on the stable isotopic composition of tree-ring cellulose and the potential of this record as a palaeoclimate proxy, replicated stable oxygen and carbon isotope time-series were developed for the twentieth century from four Siberian Pine ( Pinus sibirica Du Tour) trees growing n…
Towards a reconstruction of Blue Nile baseflow from Ethiopian tree rings
Most of the water in the River Nile originates from monsoonal rainfall over the Ethiopian Highlands. Despite warnings of future climate change, little is known about the historical variability in this supply, particularly at annual resolution. Development of tree-ring records in this region has been limited by the occurrence of bi- or multimodal rainfall regimes, causing the development of multiple growth rings that cannot be dated with confidenc…
Blue Intensity In Pinus sylvestris Tree Rings
Minimum blue intensity is a reflected light imaging technique that provides an inexpensive, robust and reliable surrogate for maximum latewood density. In this application it was found that temperature reconstructions from resin-extracted samples of Pinus sylvestris (L.) from Fennoscandia provide results equivalent to conventional x-ray densitometry. This paper describes the implementation of the blue intensity method using commercially available…
An annually resolved bristlecone pine carbon isotope chronology for the last millennium
We present the first near millennium-length, annually resolved stable isotope record from bristlecone pines ( Pinus longaeva , D.K Bailey). The carbon isotope ratios from the cellulose of seven trees from the White Mountains of California, corrected for anthropogenic changes in atmospheric chemistry, are used to reconstruct growing season (June through August) precipitation back to AD 1085. Extremely negative isotope results are strongly correlat…
Reconstructing Holocene climate from tree rings
Despite promising research in the 1980s showing the potential of Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) for the reconstruction of past summer temperatures in the Scottish Highlands, little dendroclimatic work has been attempted in this region since. This reflects, in part, the limited number of sparsely distributed remnant natural/semi-natural pine woodlands in the Scottish Highlands and the lack of old growth forest therein. On average, most of the p…
Quantifying uncertainty in isotope dendroclimatology
To maximise the potential of the tree-ring isotopic signal for palaeoclimate research it is essential to understand and characterise the natural variability between individual trees. This study explores the nature of inter-tree isotopic variability and evaluates the implications for developing robust palaeoclimate reconstructions. We confirm levels of natural inter-tree variability similar to those reported in previous studies, but demonstrate, u…
A 1200-year multiproxy record of tree growth and summer temperature at the northern pine forest limit of Europe
Combining nine tree growth proxies from four sites, from the west coast of Norway to the Kola Peninsula of NW Russia, provides a well replicated (> 100 annual measurements per year) mean index of tree growth over the last 1200 years that represents the growth of much of the northern pine timberline forests of northern Fennoscandia. The simple mean of the nine series, z-scored over their common period, correlates strongly with mean June to August …
An Extractor Device for Stuck or Broken Increment Borers
A lightweight, portable device for extracting stuck or broken increment borers is presented and its operation described. The “Decorum” extractor is compact and weighs less than 400 g. It is easily carried in a belt pouch or pocket and is both reliable and easy to operate. The extractor does not require fixed tie points nor does it damage the tree. It offers an effective solution to a widely occurring problem in dendrochronology and forest researc…
Measuring the skill of variance-scaled climate reconstructions and a test for the capture of extremes
Climate reconstructions produced using regression, with a proxy as the independent variable, are inevitably biased towards the mean, exhibit reduced variance and underestimate extremes. Scaling the mean and variance to fit those of the target climate data produces a more realistic range of reconstructed values but the cost, in terms of inflated error, is seldom assessed. We provide a simple metric that allows the loss of skill because of scaling …
Late-Holocene climate dynamics recorded in the peat bogs of Tierra del Fuego, South America
The ombrotrophic peat bogs of Tierra del Fuego are located within the southern westerly wind belt (SWWB), which dominates climate variability in this region. We have reconstructed late-Holocene water-table depths from three peat bogs and aimed to relate these records to shifts in regional climate. Water-table depths were quantified by the analysis of testate amoeba assemblages, and a regional transfer function was used to infer past water-table d…
Impact of pre-Columbian “geoglyph” builders on Amazonian forests
Significance Amazonian rainforests once thought to be pristine wildernesses are increasingly known to have been inhabited by large populations before European contact. How and to what extent these societies impacted their landscape through deforestation and forest management is still controversial, particularly in the vast interfluvial uplands that have been little studied. In Brazil, the groundbreaking discovery of hundreds of geometric earthwor…
Stable Isotope Tree-Ring Dates
Recent developments in UK dendrochronology have shown that cross-dating of annually resolved tree-ring stable-isotope sequences from oak latewood cellulose provides an extremely effective precision
Stable Isotope Dating of Historic Buildings
The recent development of an oxygen isotope (δ18O) master chronology for south central England (1200–2000 AD) has successfully demonstrated reliable cross-dating between the master chronology and undated samples from vernacular and high-status buildings. The method is well suited to complacent, wide-ringed samples, which are commonplace throughout the UK historic buildings archive and often fail to date by ring-width dendrochronology, or remain u…
Oxygen isotope dating of oak and elm timbers from the portcullis windlass, Byward Tower, Tower of London
A new isotopic method for dating oak and non-oak (elm) timbers is applied to samples from the portcullis windlass mechanism in the Byward Tower, Tower of London. This structure was previously sampled for ring width dendrochronology but failed to date. Successful application of the stable oxygen isotope dating method returns a felling date of winter AD 1656/7 for the oak timbers used to construct the gear wheel and a date of after AD 1648 (terminu…
Are there enormous age-trends in stable carbon isotope ratios of oak tree rings
We test a recent prediction that stable carbon isotope ratios from UK oaks will display age-trends of more than 4‰ per century by measuring >5400 carbon isotope ratios from the late-wood alpha-cellulose of individual rings from 18 modern oak trees and 50 building timbers spanning the 9th-21st centuries. After a very short (c.5 years) juvenile phase with slightly elevated values, the number of series that show rising and falling trends is almost e…
Stable Isotope Tree-Ring Dates
Recent developments in UK dendrochronology have shown that cross-dating of annually resolved tree-ring stable isotope sequences from oak latewood cellulose provides an extremely effective precision
Geography (27 obras) · Dendrochronology (25 obras) · Geology (25 obras) · Tree-ring climate responses (25 obras) · Geology and Paleoclimatology Research (22 obras) · Archaeology (17 obras) · Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics (17 obras) · Paleontology (16 obras) · Environmental Science (14 obras) · Physical geography (14 obras)