Tatjana Schnell
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4496377 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Tatjana Schnell |
| NOMBRES | Tatjana |
| APELLIDO | Schnell |
| FIRMA | SCHNELL T |
| AFILIACIONES | Universität Innsbruck |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7991-2242 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 33 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 31 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 33 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1999 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Search for Meaning in the Anthropocene
Background for the article: We have composed this article as a dialogue between a psychologist and a philosopher of religion. We believe that our various disciplines may contribute to a varied and nuanced understanding of what meaning entails in the context that the Anthropocene represents. Tatjana has done much research on meaning in life, whereas Jan-Olav is concerned with the meaning of religion in a contemporary context. We continue to discov…
Disentangling Dimensions of Workplace Spirituality Among Teachers in Poland
Is the degree of religiosity related to community belonging and trust in society? A cross-sectional study among Muslims in Norway
It is unclear if the degree of religiosity within Muslim minority groups causes health inequality because of poor community belonging and lack of trust in society. We aimed to investigate the association of the degree of Muslim religiosity with community belonging and trust in society, including general trust and trust in political authorities, political power, media and monarchy. This study had a cross-sectional design, including a random sample…
Meaning in life after cancer
Cancer survivors may be struggling to re‐create meaning in life. Addressing their personal sources of meaning can support them in this process. The sources of meaning card method (SoMeCaM) aims to map and explore personal sources of meaning in a 1‐h session. It includes 26 cards, each with a statement on a source of meaning. The purpose of this study was to validate the statements on the sources of meaning cards for use among participants in canc…
Meaning in Life and Care for the Environment
This article discusses the role of meaning in life (meaningfulness and crisis of meaning) and various sources of meaning in predicting and explaining people’s commitment toward enhancing the environmental quality at both the global (ecological) and local (residential) levels. An online questionnaire, including measures of meaningfulness, crisis of meaning, and multiple sources of meaning from the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnai…
Worlds apart? Atheist, agnostic, and humanist worldviews in three European countries
Secular worldviews are widespread and growing. What are the differences between secular self-identifications? This study examined if self-identified atheists, agnostics, and humanists differed systematically with regard to worldview dimensions. Cultural and gender effects were examined as secondary study objectives. A total of 1,814 nonreligious individuals from Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands completed questionnaires measuring degrees of a…
The Meaning and Purpose Scales (Maps)
As this series of studies demonstrates, the MAPS provide a highly economic and valid assessment of two qualities of meaning, Meaningfulness and Crisis of Meaning, and five sources of purpose: Sustainability, Faith, Security, Community, and Personal Growth
Experiences of meaning in life in urban and rural Zambia
Meaning in life has become an important topic in empirical research in the psychology of religion. Although it has been studied and found applicable in many different contexts, research on meaning in life and sources of meaning in African countries is scarce. This study qualitatively investigates understandings and experiences of meaning in life and sources of meaning among urban and village dwellers with different educational backgrounds in Zamb…
The Uncertain Certainty
The present mixed methods study investigated personal meanings of death, i.e., concepts, views, and expectations associated with one's own death, and explored their relation to worldview. To this end, a sample of 202 young, German-speaking adults completed the Death Statements Test , a new qualitative assessment tool, as well as quantitative measures of religiosity, spirituality, atheism, and agnosticism. Qualitative data was transformed to enabl…
Compliance with Covid-19 public health guidelines
OBJECTIVE: This study examined predictors of compliance with public health guidelines to curb transmission of COVID-19. DESIGN: = 431) from Germany and Austria completed surveys in April/May 2020 (T1) and July/August 2020 (T2). MEASURES: Three outcome measures operationalised compliance with public health guidelines at T2: self-reported adherence (behavioural), agreement and opposition (attitudinal). At T1, demographics, perceived distress (PHQ-4…
Worldview Under Stress
This study reports preliminary findings on the hypothesis that worldview can predict cardiovascular and cortisol responses to social stress. Based on theory and previous findings, we assumed that worldview security would provide a basis for stress resilience. Accordingly, religious and atheist individuals were expected to show higher stress resilience than spiritual and agnostic participants. Likewise, dimensional measures of religiosity and athe…
Meaning in Life and Self-Control Buffer Stress in Times of Covid-19
Also in the present study among German-speaking participants, general mental distress was high. Scores were higher after than during the lockdown, indicating an ongoing destabilization for a significant part of the population. People who saw a meaning in their lives and who were capable of self-control reported substantially less mental distress. Meaningfulness and self-control also served as buffers between COVID-19 stress and general mental dis…
Effects of mortality awareness on attitudes toward dying and death and meaning in life—a randomized controlled trial
A randomized controlled trial was carried out to investigate effects of heightened mortality awareness on meaning in life and attitudes toward dying and death. An intervention group ( n = 51) completed questionnaires and participated in interventions to increase mortality awareness; a control group ( n = 47) only completed the questionnaires. Longitudinal analyses revealed a decrease in the intervention group's fear of dying and an increase in th…
The existential dimension of the pandemic
A cross-sectional survey to investigate relationships between coronavirus anxiety, individual death attitudes, and personal worldview was conducted among 202 German-speaking adults in Central Europe. Results indicated that death anxiety significantly predicts coronavirus anxiety beyond sociodemographic variables. Women reported higher coronavirus anxiety than men. Against expectations, dimensions of personal worldview were hardly related to coron…
Psychology of Meaning in Life
“Belonging” and its Relationship to the Experience of Meaningful Work
This chapter explores the connections between belonging, meaningful work, and the ability of people to fulfill their potential. Drawing on the nexus of two core human qualities, the social and the productive, it is proposed that meaningful work constitutes an arena of practice where this sense of belonging is evoked. Although psychological studies have not focused extensively on the construct of belonging, research has examined similar notions su…
The Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire in the Norwegian Context
The Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe) offers dimensional measures of meaningfulness, crisis of meaning, and 26 sources of meaning. It allows for a clearer understanding of the variety of existential orientations, which are known to be linked to both mental and physical health. The Norwegian version of the SoMe was validated by testing 925 randomly selected individuals who were representative for the Norwegian population.…
Presentation of the Sources of Meaning Card Method
Existential themes and meaning in life are often embedded in all types of psychotherapy, but can be difficult to handle in a systematic way. This article presents a method of assessing and exploring sources of personal meaning with a client during a 1-hour session. The method is rooted in existential theory as well in contemporary empirical psychology on sources of meaning. The Sources of Meaning Card Method comprises three stages. (a) From a tot…
Dimensions of Secularity (DoS)
Beliefs about the world affect experiences and behavior. Although much is known about beliefs pertaining to religion, or the supernatural, secular identifies have, to date, remained largely neglected. To allow for dimensional assessment of different aspects of secular identities, the Dimensions of Secularity (DoS) inventory has been developed. It measures degrees of atheism, agnosticism and several philosophic orientations (scientism, personal re…
On Method
Implicit Religion can be used as a hermeneutical tool for interpreting reality (IR-as-tool), or it can aim to describe, explain and predict aspects of the social world (IR-as-theory). The second approach demands the formulation of a theory, including a definitional core and related assumptions. IR-as-theory can be evaluated through methodical empirical investigation. In this article, a foundation for empirical research on IR is outlined. A post-e…
Pilgrimage today
Pilgrimage on the Road to Santiago is flourishing, even in late modern times characterised by detraditionalisation, individualism and pluralism. A large number of these pilgrims is either not explicitly religious at all, or only moderately religious. Why, then, do they submit to this ancient Christian ritual, and what are the psychological consequences? After a short introduction to the study of implicit religiosity and different perspectives on …
Meaningful commitment
This study tests the hypothesis that volunteer work is associated with various aspects of meaning making by employing a multi-dimensional model of meaning operationalized by the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe). An empirical study comparing 168 volunteers with a representative sample of the general population (N = 603) shows that generativity and social commitment are more prominent among volunteers, as are – among othe…
Spirituality with and without Religion—Differential Relationships with Personality
This study contributes to the exploration of self-rated spirituality by anchoring self-ratings of spirituality and religiosity in an integrative model of personality. For the measurement of personality dispositions and characteristic adaptations, the NEO Personality Inventory Revised (NEO-PI-R, German version) and the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe) have been administered to a sample ( N = 135) of German-speaking stude…
Individual differences in meaning-making
Psychological Perspectives on Implicit Religion
Existential Indifference
Existential indifference is characterized by a state of low meaningfulness that is not associated with a crisis of meaning. In the existentialist tradition, this condition has been generally acknowledged, but quantitative measurement has not been available. By using and combining both the meaningfulness and crisis of meaning scale of the SoMe, the existentially indifferent can be identified empirically. According to data from a representative sam…
Dimensions of Secularity (DoS)
Beliefs about the world affect experiences and behavior. Although much is known about beliefs pertaining to religion, or the supernatural, secular identifies have, to date, remained largely neglected. To allow for dimensional assessment of different aspects of secular identities, the Dimensions of Secularity (DoS) inventory has been developed. It measures degrees of atheism, agnosticism and several philosophic orientations (scientism, personal re…
The Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire in the Norwegian Context
The Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe) offers dimensional measures of meaningfulness, crisis of meaning, and 26 sources of meaning. It allows for a clearer understanding of the variety of existential orientations, which are known to be linked to both mental and physical health. The Norwegian version of the SoMe was validated by testing 925 randomly selected individuals who were representative for the Norwegian population.…
The existential dimension of the pandemic
A cross-sectional survey to investigate relationships between coronavirus anxiety, individual death attitudes, and personal worldview was conducted among 202 German-speaking adults in Central Europe. Results indicated that death anxiety significantly predicts coronavirus anxiety beyond sociodemographic variables. Women reported higher coronavirus anxiety than men. Against expectations, dimensions of personal worldview were hardly related to coron…
Effects of mortality awareness on attitudes toward dying and death and meaning in life—a randomized controlled trial
A randomized controlled trial was carried out to investigate effects of heightened mortality awareness on meaning in life and attitudes toward dying and death. An intervention group ( n = 51) completed questionnaires and participated in interventions to increase mortality awareness; a control group ( n = 47) only completed the questionnaires. Longitudinal analyses revealed a decrease in the intervention group's fear of dying and an increase in th…
Report of 'The Centrality of the Concept of Implicit Religion for Teaching Religious Studies' by J. Badertscher, Middlesex University Seminar, 13 May 1999
I Believe in Love
Love in personal relationships is one of the central issues in contemporary society or maybe the most central of all, as the sociologist Ulrich Beck holds. He claims that love has reached the status of a "secular religion", following institutional religion and class to provide the "focal point" for society. As such, he holds, it serves as a grande narrative to compensate for the process of individualisation, one of the main characteristics of mod…
A Framework for the Study of Implicit Religion
A basic, inter-disciplinarily developed theory of implicit religiosity is introduced. Three structures common to all explicit religions are identified: they are myth, ritual, and experience of transcendence. Independent of a content, they can be viewed as patterns of thinking (myth), acting (rituals) and feeling (experiences of transcendence) underlying all kinds of—implicitly or explicitly—religious conduct. Only when associated with personally …
The Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe)
Shortfalls of widely used measures of meaning in life are described. Their use results in biased correlations and restriction of the complexity inherent in experiences of meaning. To qualify results, the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe) is employed. It offers separate scales to measure a positive and a negative dimension of meaning: meaningfulness–a fundamental sense of meaning and belonging, and crisis of meaning–the e…
Existential Indifference
Existential indifference is characterized by a state of low meaningfulness that is not associated with a crisis of meaning. In the existentialist tradition, this condition has been generally acknowledged, but quantitative measurement has not been available. By using and combining both the meaningfulness and crisis of meaning scale of the SoMe, the existentially indifferent can be identified empirically. According to data from a representative sam…
Individual differences in meaning-making
Psychological Perspectives on Implicit Religion
Experiential Validity
After giving a short introduction to Implicit Religion, this paper points out mutual benefits from linking psychology to the study of Implicit Religion. By employing accumulated knowledge of human cognition, behaviour and emotion, and making use of the apparatus of validated methodology, psychology can facilitate access to individual perceptions of the sacred and explore their consequences on attitudes, action, and personal well-being. Brief insi…
Report from the XXXIV Denton Conference on the Study of Implicit Religion
Meaning-Making in an Atheist World
This article explores atheist meaning-making by employing a multidimensional model of meaning operationalized by the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe). When compared to a representative sample of “religionists” ( N = 390) and “nones” ( N = 178), atheists ( N = 102) show lower degrees of meaningfulness, but they do not suffer from crises of meaning more frequently. However, subsequent cluster analysis reveals that heterog…
Meaningful commitment
This study tests the hypothesis that volunteer work is associated with various aspects of meaning making by employing a multi-dimensional model of meaning operationalized by the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe). An empirical study comparing 168 volunteers with a representative sample of the general population (N = 603) shows that generativity and social commitment are more prominent among volunteers, as are – among othe…
Spirituality with and without Religion—Differential Relationships with Personality
This study contributes to the exploration of self-rated spirituality by anchoring self-ratings of spirituality and religiosity in an integrative model of personality. For the measurement of personality dispositions and characteristic adaptations, the NEO Personality Inventory Revised (NEO-PI-R, German version) and the Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe) have been administered to a sample ( N = 135) of German-speaking stude…
On Method
Implicit Religion can be used as a hermeneutical tool for interpreting reality (IR-as-tool), or it can aim to describe, explain and predict aspects of the social world (IR-as-theory). The second approach demands the formulation of a theory, including a definitional core and related assumptions. IR-as-theory can be evaluated through methodical empirical investigation. In this article, a foundation for empirical research on IR is outlined. A post-e…
Pilgrimage today
Pilgrimage on the Road to Santiago is flourishing, even in late modern times characterised by detraditionalisation, individualism and pluralism. A large number of these pilgrims is either not explicitly religious at all, or only moderately religious. Why, then, do they submit to this ancient Christian ritual, and what are the psychological consequences? After a short introduction to the study of implicit religiosity and different perspectives on …
Dimensions of Secularity (DoS)
Beliefs about the world affect experiences and behavior. Although much is known about beliefs pertaining to religion, or the supernatural, secular identifies have, to date, remained largely neglected. To allow for dimensional assessment of different aspects of secular identities, the Dimensions of Secularity (DoS) inventory has been developed. It measures degrees of atheism, agnosticism and several philosophic orientations (scientism, personal re…
Presentation of the Sources of Meaning Card Method
Existential themes and meaning in life are often embedded in all types of psychotherapy, but can be difficult to handle in a systematic way. This article presents a method of assessing and exploring sources of personal meaning with a client during a 1-hour session. The method is rooted in existential theory as well in contemporary empirical psychology on sources of meaning. The Sources of Meaning Card Method comprises three stages. (a) From a tot…
The Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire in the Norwegian Context
The Sources of Meaning and Meaning in Life Questionnaire (SoMe) offers dimensional measures of meaningfulness, crisis of meaning, and 26 sources of meaning. It allows for a clearer understanding of the variety of existential orientations, which are known to be linked to both mental and physical health. The Norwegian version of the SoMe was validated by testing 925 randomly selected individuals who were representative for the Norwegian population.…
“Belonging” and its Relationship to the Experience of Meaningful Work
This chapter explores the connections between belonging, meaningful work, and the ability of people to fulfill their potential. Drawing on the nexus of two core human qualities, the social and the productive, it is proposed that meaningful work constitutes an arena of practice where this sense of belonging is evoked. Although psychological studies have not focused extensively on the construct of belonging, research has examined similar notions su…
Worldview Under Stress
This study reports preliminary findings on the hypothesis that worldview can predict cardiovascular and cortisol responses to social stress. Based on theory and previous findings, we assumed that worldview security would provide a basis for stress resilience. Accordingly, religious and atheist individuals were expected to show higher stress resilience than spiritual and agnostic participants. Likewise, dimensional measures of religiosity and athe…
Meaning in Life and Self-Control Buffer Stress in Times of Covid-19
Also in the present study among German-speaking participants, general mental distress was high. Scores were higher after than during the lockdown, indicating an ongoing destabilization for a significant part of the population. People who saw a meaning in their lives and who were capable of self-control reported substantially less mental distress. Meaningfulness and self-control also served as buffers between COVID-19 stress and general mental dis…
Effects of mortality awareness on attitudes toward dying and death and meaning in life—a randomized controlled trial
A randomized controlled trial was carried out to investigate effects of heightened mortality awareness on meaning in life and attitudes toward dying and death. An intervention group ( n = 51) completed questionnaires and participated in interventions to increase mortality awareness; a control group ( n = 47) only completed the questionnaires. Longitudinal analyses revealed a decrease in the intervention group's fear of dying and an increase in th…
The existential dimension of the pandemic
A cross-sectional survey to investigate relationships between coronavirus anxiety, individual death attitudes, and personal worldview was conducted among 202 German-speaking adults in Central Europe. Results indicated that death anxiety significantly predicts coronavirus anxiety beyond sociodemographic variables. Women reported higher coronavirus anxiety than men. Against expectations, dimensions of personal worldview were hardly related to coron…
Psychology of Meaning in Life
Compliance with Covid-19 public health guidelines
OBJECTIVE: This study examined predictors of compliance with public health guidelines to curb transmission of COVID-19. DESIGN: = 431) from Germany and Austria completed surveys in April/May 2020 (T1) and July/August 2020 (T2). MEASURES: Three outcome measures operationalised compliance with public health guidelines at T2: self-reported adherence (behavioural), agreement and opposition (attitudinal). At T1, demographics, perceived distress (PHQ-4…
Worlds apart? Atheist, agnostic, and humanist worldviews in three European countries
Secular worldviews are widespread and growing. What are the differences between secular self-identifications? This study examined if self-identified atheists, agnostics, and humanists differed systematically with regard to worldview dimensions. Cultural and gender effects were examined as secondary study objectives. A total of 1,814 nonreligious individuals from Germany, Austria, and the Netherlands completed questionnaires measuring degrees of a…
Psychology (27 obras) · Social Psychology (21 obras) · Epistemology (17 obras) · Psychotherapist (14 obras) · Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology (14 obras) · Sociology (14 obras) · Philosophy (13 obras) · Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction (12 obras) · Meaning (existential (11 obras) · Social Psychology (10 obras)