M De Bruijn
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 46506 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | M De Bruijn |
| NOMBRES | M |
| APELLIDO | De Bruijn |
| FIRMA | DE BRUIJN M |
| AFILIACIONES | Leiden University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-0499-8758 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 44 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 101 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 44 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1994 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2026 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Digital Dimensions of Conflict. Analyzing Malian conflict and violence through Social Media and Mixed-Methods Approach
Hashtags, Hatetags and social media campaigns in Ethiopia's Tigray conflict
This article examines the role of social media, specifically Twitter, in the amplification of violent divisive discourse during Ethiopia's Tigray conflict (2020–2022), introducing the concept of Hatetags to analyze the transforming of hashtags into vehicles of digital conflict. Through a mixed-method approach combining explorative digital methods, qualitative content analysis and qualitative interviews, the study investigates how hashtags evolved…
The Smartphone Connects in Violent Conflicts
The Mali conflict that erupted in 2012 has developed simultaneously with the advancement of new information and communication technologies (ICTs). In this article, we research how digital communication (i.e. mobile phones and smartphones) and the conflict dynamics co-constitute each other. We analyse ethnographic data gathered during the conflict, from both off- and online sources, and view these data through the lens of ‘digital participatory wa…
The Messenger (not the Medium) Is the Message? Uncovering Journalists’ Perceptions of Digital Disinformation in Conflict Countries
While research on disinformation in Africa is starting to gain attention, only a few of these studies have sought to uncover its connection to conflict contexts, an important area we seek to draw attention to with this study. Furthermore, barely any studies have uncovered journalists and other media workers’ perceptions of disinformation, particularly in countries dominated by conflict. This article uses participatory action research, specificall…
Aren’t we all journalists?” Citizen journalism, disinformation and the weaponization of social media in conflict torn Mali
The study combines domain expertise and computational community detection to uncover what role citizen journalists and social media platforms play in mediating the dynamics of conflict in Mali. Under conditions of the growing conflict in Mali, citizen journalists are opening Twitter (rebranded as X) accounts to stay updated and tweet about the ongoing socio-political tensions, chronicling life in a conflict-ravaged context. This article conceptua…
Conflict Continuities
It is tempting to interpret the eruption of armed violence in various parts of the world as a break with the past. However, in this special section, we call for attention to “conflict continuities” to understand contemporary violence. Challenging the conventional focus on causes or consequences, we argue that past violent conflict may serve to generate new conflict, in reworked forms. We foreground the psychosocial dynamics of conflict, particula…
Social Media, Duress and the Malian Conflict
This article examines the relationship between social media usage and duress in Mali, focusing on Twitter, TikTok, and WhatsApp. The violent conditions Malians face influence online discourse, with each platform having distinct dynamics. We address how Malians have responded to the country’s conflict since 2012 by looking at the discussion, embodiment, and expression of the conflict by various actors. Online social manifestations parallel long-ex…
Pastoralism is facing existential threat in West Africa
Les réseaux sociaux dans la dynamique des conflits au centre du Mali
Les nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication (NTIC) ouvrent un espace d’expression à tous. Cet article ébauche les pratiques des réseaux sociaux (RS) numériques dans les conflits au centre du Mali en montrant comment le phénomène en ligne joue dans la création et la polarisation des discours ethniques. Peut-on comprendre ces RS comme des acteurs de médias parallèles sous forme de journalisme citoyen? Les auteurs ont suivi pe…
Questioning Social Security in the Study of Religion in Africa
6. Questioning Social Security in the Study of Religion in Africa: The Ambiguous Meaning of the Gift in African Pentecostalism and Islam was published in Social Security in Religious Networks on page 105.
Connected Sahel-Sahara in Turmoil
Can we understand the future better when we consider the past? One way of comprehending the present-day turmoil in the Sahel is to consider how colonial, even pre-colonial, social inequalities inform the socially and politically marginalized positions of some social groups. Also, considering the new connectivities of the Sahel-Sahara space as a continuity of past connectivities explains how information travels and informs positions. Based on long…
Slam Poetry in Chad
How can we explain the increasing popularity of slam poetry among youth in societies colored by long histories of conflict and political repression? This article explores this question for the rise of slam poetry in Chad, since 2014, a conflict-ridden country with an authoritarian regime and deep poverty, characteristics of a society in duress. In Francophone Africa we can speak of a slam poetry movement, where slam as a form of expression and th…
Marie-Soleil Frère
The untimely death of Marie-Soleil Frere, the soft-spoken Canadian-born Belgian journalism and media researcher, who made a name for her long-standing commitment to empirically driven research in F
Female slam poets of francophone Africa
Slam poets in Africa are part of an emerging social movement. In this article, the focus is on women in this upcoming slam movement in francophone Africa. For these women, slam has meant a change in their lives as they have found words to describe difficult experiences that were previously shrouded in silence. Their words, performances and engaged actions are developing into a body of popular knowledge that questions the status quo and relates to…
Conflits et violences dans le bassin du lac Tchad
De Boko Haram à la guerre en Centrafrique, les insécurités constituent un facteur majeur de recomposition des sociétés dans le bassin du lac Tchad (Cameroun, Centrafrique, Niger, Nigeria, Tchad). Peu connus, difficiles d’accès, les espaces de conflits et de violences de cette région se prêtent difficilement aux analyses des chercheurs et des acteurs du développement. D’où l’intérêt des enquêtes de terrain longues et approfondies présentées dans c…
Climate migration myths
Expressions of Duress on Facebook by Chadian Urban Youth in the Diaspora and N’Djaména
Africa is at the lower end of internet use, but Facebook connectivity is rapidly increasing, linking diaspora and local people in mainly urban regions in Africa. A survey conducted in N’Djaména revealed that 1 in 10 people uses Facebook, which is an important platform for these connected Chadians to express feelings, write thoughts, and create networks (i.e., to create a social life). In countries where daily conflict, oppression, insecurity, and…
The mobile phone and society in South Sudan
This article outlines the development of mobile telephony in the nascent Republic of South Sudan (ROSS). We focus specifically on Juba, during turbulent times from the end of the second Sudanese Civil War in 2005 to just after independence in 2011. We highlight the complicated political relations behind the establishment of mobile networks and the main functions and importance of the mobile phone throughout this period. Despite major technical ob…
Youth Between State and Rebel (Dis)Orders
The Sahel has gained attention in international politics as one of the central theatres in the war on terrorism. International actors in this war seek alliances with states in the region, reinforcing the latter’s military strength and their legitimacy from outside. At the same time, increasingly-connected young populations question the legitimacy of their states, and contest that legitimacy from within and below. In the absence of states deliveri…
Communicating war in Mali, 2012
The Arab Spring raised high expectations for political freedom, especially for situations in which the rapid development of ICT intersects with political oppression and rebellion, as was the case in Mali, West Africa. In 2012 the country’s northern part fell into the hands of ‘rebels’ and jihadists were on the rise. This article tries to understand the development of political agency in relation to the unprecedented access to new ICT of the Fulan…
Nomadism and mobility in the Sahara-Sahel
The articles compiled in this issue are based on contributions to the workshop “Nomades et migrants dans l'espace Sahara-Sahel: Mobilite, ressources et developpement”, held in Bamako, January 2011
Connecting in mobile communities
African geographical mobilities should be understood in terms of their increasingly global development over the last two decades, and as an interplay of scales of mobility between continents and between African regions or nations. The relationship between these various times and scales of mobility shape mobile communities as a daily reality for many Africans. African family histories and personal lives are full of connecting with those who have l…
Human Telephone Lines”
The flag post mail relay runners, a communications system established in Cameroon during British colonial rule, laid the foundations for the communications structure of this colonial state. They were a remnant of a pre-colonial communications system and, with the advancement of “modern” communications structures such as roads, telephone lines, and post houses, the flag post runner gradually disappeared. This article explores the role of the runne…
Robin Jeffrey and Assa Doron, The Great Indian Phone Book
Mobile Africa
The case studies in this book on mobility in sub-Saharan Africa critically discuss dichotomous interpretations of mobility and reject the idea that migration indicates a breakdown in society. They adopt the approach that sedentary and mobile worlds converge and that mobility is part of the livelihood system of African people. Contents: Mobile Africa: an introduction (Mirjam de Bruijn, Rijk van DijkandDick Foeken) - Population mobility in Africa: …
Changing population mobility in West Africa
Mobility is the most important response by the inhabitants of the Sahel to climatic adversity. This ‘condition sahélienne’, characterized by unstable climatic circumstances, irregular rainfall patterns and periods of drought, has an important influence on people's decision‐making processes regarding their livelihood. Migration studies mainly focus on labour migration to urban areas. Although mobility is part of the repertoire of Sahelian people, …
Facing Dilemmas
RésuméCet article illustre d'une part, la manière dont les hiérarchies Fulbe traditionnelles au centre du Mali ont clairement défini les relations de dépendance sociale, d'autre part leur rôle important dans la politique locale. Les anciens esclaves, les Riimaybe, luttent pour trouver une nouvelle place dans la société, en essayant de réconcilier passé et présent. Les récits historiques de trois groupes différents de Riimaybe dans des colonies di…
Youth Between State and Rebel (Dis)Orders
The Sahel has gained attention in international politics as one of the central theatres in the war on terrorism. International actors in this war seek alliances with states in the region, reinforcing the latter’s military strength and their legitimacy from outside. At the same time, increasingly-connected young populations question the legitimacy of their states, and contest that legitimacy from within and below. In the absence of states deliveri…
L'image des Fulbe. Analyse critique de la construction du concept de pulaaku
Peut-on considérer que les Fulbe forment un peuple unique, malgré leur dispersion, dans la mesure où ils partagent la même langue ? En comparant le discours des anthropologues et des linguistes à propos du concept de pulaaku, nous avons voulu soulever la question de la complexité qu'il y a à définir l'ethnicité peule. Alors que certains y voient une sorte d'invariant du monde peul lorsque pulaaku signifie « code moral » ou « comportement », dans …
Communicating war in Mali, 2012
The Arab Spring raised high expectations for political freedom, especially for situations in which the rapid development of ICT intersects with political oppression and rebellion, as was the case in Mali, West Africa. In 2012 the country’s northern part fell into the hands of ‘rebels’ and jihadists were on the rise. This article tries to understand the development of political agency in relation to the unprecedented access to new ICT of the Fulan…
Pastoralists under Pressure? Fulbe Societies Confronting Change in West Africa
Victor Azarya, Anneke Breedveld, Mirjam de Bruijn, and Han Van Dijk (eds) Pastoralists Under Pressure? Fulbe societies confronting change in West Africa. Leiden, Boston, and Köln: Brill, 1999, 454pp., €57.20, ISBN 90 04 11364 9 (hard covers). - Volume 73 Issue 3
Ecology and Power in the Periphery of Maasina
This article explores political tensions between successive nineteenth-century rulers of the inland delta of the Niger in central Mali (the Fulbe Diina of Hamdullahi and the Futanke successors of al-Hajj Umar) and the pastoral interests of the Fulbe chiefdoms on their eastern periphery, in a region known as the Hayre. A close study of changing forms of local governance and natural resource management demonstrates that although different strategie…
The hearthhold in pastoral Fulbe society, central Mali
In pastoral Fulbe society in central Mali women had and in some degree still have an important social and economic role, concentrated on a milk economy organised through a special female-headed, women-centred unit called by the Fulbe fayannde, or 'hearthhold'. In a society of semi-nomadic pastoralists who live most of the year in small social units, social relations and networks are very important, perhaps even crucial to the success of their mai…
Drought and Coping Strategies in Fulbe Society in the Haayre (Central Mali)
De Bruijn Mirjam, Van Dijk Han. Drought and Coping Strategies in Fulbe Society in the Haayre (Central Mali) : A Historical Perspective. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 34, n°133-135, 1994. L'archipel peul. pp. 85-108
Violences structurelles et violences systémiques. La violence ordinaire des rapports sociaux en Afrique
L'étude de la violence ordinaire s'est développée dans les années 90, principalement dans les cercles d'ONGs et de mouvements militants. Pour les sciences sociales, c'est un nouveau terrain de recherche qui a besoin d'investigations approfondies. Dans cette introduction du bulletin de l'APAD sur les « violences ordinaires », nous explorons différentes réflexions théoriques sur l'étude de la violence au quotidien. Un des principaux arguments est q…
Insecurity and Pastoral Development in the Sahel
In this article it is argued that conventional agro-ecological and organizational concepts used in pastoral development are strongly biased towards the formulation and enforcement of norms. This leads development experts to attempts to control pastoralists and their herds. The policies and development interventions based on these assumptions have been largely unsuccessful. As a consequence attention for dryland areas and pastoral development has …
Aren’t we all journalists?” Citizen journalism, disinformation and the weaponization of social media in conflict torn Mali
The study combines domain expertise and computational community detection to uncover what role citizen journalists and social media platforms play in mediating the dynamics of conflict in Mali. Under conditions of the growing conflict in Mali, citizen journalists are opening Twitter (rebranded as X) accounts to stay updated and tweet about the ongoing socio-political tensions, chronicling life in a conflict-ravaged context. This article conceptua…
Connecting in mobile communities
African geographical mobilities should be understood in terms of their increasingly global development over the last two decades, and as an interplay of scales of mobility between continents and between African regions or nations. The relationship between these various times and scales of mobility shape mobile communities as a daily reality for many Africans. African family histories and personal lives are full of connecting with those who have l…
Fulbe Mobility
FULBE MOBILITY: MIGRATION AND TRAVEL INTO MANDE Mirjam De Bruijn and Han Van Dijk ThehistorytheyFulbeexpandedtheyarehavefamoustheirspreadlife-worldforovertheirmostmigratoryfromofSenegalWestmovements.Africa.andMaliInpre-colonialInoverthethecourseresttimesofof historytheyhavespreadovermostofWestAfrica.Inpre-colonialtimes theyexpandedtheirlife-worldfromSenegalandMaliovertherestof theWestAfricanSahelandevenasfarasSudanandEthiopia.Theyestablished stat…
Female slam poets of francophone Africa
Slam poets in Africa are part of an emerging social movement. In this article, the focus is on women in this upcoming slam movement in francophone Africa. For these women, slam has meant a change in their lives as they have found words to describe difficult experiences that were previously shrouded in silence. Their words, performances and engaged actions are developing into a body of popular knowledge that questions the status quo and relates to…
Drought and Coping Strategies in Fulbe Society in the Haayre (Central Mali)
De Bruijn Mirjam, Van Dijk Han. Drought and Coping Strategies in Fulbe Society in the Haayre (Central Mali) : A Historical Perspective. In: Cahiers d'études africaines, vol. 34, n°133-135, 1994. L'archipel peul. pp. 85-108
L'image des Fulbe. Analyse critique de la construction du concept de pulaaku
Peut-on considérer que les Fulbe forment un peuple unique, malgré leur dispersion, dans la mesure où ils partagent la même langue ? En comparant le discours des anthropologues et des linguistes à propos du concept de pulaaku, nous avons voulu soulever la question de la complexité qu'il y a à définir l'ethnicité peule. Alors que certains y voient une sorte d'invariant du monde peul lorsque pulaaku signifie « code moral » ou « comportement », dans …
Arid Ways
The hearthhold in pastoral Fulbe society, central Mali
In pastoral Fulbe society in central Mali women had and in some degree still have an important social and economic role, concentrated on a milk economy organised through a special female-headed, women-centred unit called by the Fulbe fayannde, or 'hearthhold'. In a society of semi-nomadic pastoralists who live most of the year in small social units, social relations and networks are very important, perhaps even crucial to the success of their mai…
Fulbe Mobility
FULBE MOBILITY: MIGRATION AND TRAVEL INTO MANDE Mirjam De Bruijn and Han Van Dijk ThehistorytheyFulbeexpandedtheyarehavefamoustheirspreadlife-worldforovertheirmostmigratoryfromofSenegalWestmovements.Africa.andMaliInpre-colonialInoverthethecourseresttimesofof historytheyhavespreadovermostofWestAfrica.Inpre-colonialtimes theyexpandedtheirlife-worldfromSenegalandMaliovertherestof theWestAfricanSahelandevenasfarasSudanandEthiopia.Theyestablished stat…
People are Not the Same
Africa Today - Volume 46, Number 2, Spring 1999
Insecurity and Pastoral Development in the Sahel
In this article it is argued that conventional agro-ecological and organizational concepts used in pastoral development are strongly biased towards the formulation and enforcement of norms. This leads development experts to attempts to control pastoralists and their herds. The policies and development interventions based on these assumptions have been largely unsuccessful. As a consequence attention for dryland areas and pastoral development has …
Fulbe Presence in Sierra Leone
Ecology and Power in the Periphery of Maasina
This article explores political tensions between successive nineteenth-century rulers of the inland delta of the Niger in central Mali (the Fulbe Diina of Hamdullahi and the Futanke successors of al-Hajj Umar) and the pastoral interests of the Fulbe chiefdoms on their eastern periphery, in a region known as the Hayre. A close study of changing forms of local governance and natural resource management demonstrates that although different strategie…
Resistance to Fulbe hegemony in nineteenth-century West Africa
African history of the Sahel and Sudan zone appears to have been marked by political instability. Resistance to Fulbe empires was more common than the main literature suggests. The Fulbe are pastoralists and the empires of nomadic pastoralists are inherently unstable. The Fulbe emirates are often described as having been born out of the revolts of religiously inspired nomadic pastoralists against oppressive sedentary regimes. However, the resista…
Pastoralists under Pressure? Fulbe Societies Confronting Change in West Africa
Victor Azarya, Anneke Breedveld, Mirjam de Bruijn, and Han Van Dijk (eds) Pastoralists Under Pressure? Fulbe societies confronting change in West Africa. Leiden, Boston, and Köln: Brill, 1999, 454pp., €57.20, ISBN 90 04 11364 9 (hard covers). - Volume 73 Issue 3
Changing population mobility in West Africa
Mobility is the most important response by the inhabitants of the Sahel to climatic adversity. This ‘condition sahélienne’, characterized by unstable climatic circumstances, irregular rainfall patterns and periods of drought, has an important influence on people's decision‐making processes regarding their livelihood. Migration studies mainly focus on labour migration to urban areas. Although mobility is part of the repertoire of Sahelian people, …
Facing Dilemmas
RésuméCet article illustre d'une part, la manière dont les hiérarchies Fulbe traditionnelles au centre du Mali ont clairement défini les relations de dépendance sociale, d'autre part leur rôle important dans la politique locale. Les anciens esclaves, les Riimaybe, luttent pour trouver une nouvelle place dans la société, en essayant de réconcilier passé et présent. Les récits historiques de trois groupes différents de Riimaybe dans des colonies di…
Human Rights in Africa
Reviewed by: Human Rights in Africa: From the Oau to the African Union Mirjam de Bruijn Rachel Murray . 2004. Human Rights in Africa: From the Oau to the African Union. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 34 pp. $85.00 (cloth). This book explains the integration of human rights in African politics by analyzing the bureaucracy of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) and its successor, the African Union (AU). As with other political instituti…
Violences structurelles et violences systémiques. La violence ordinaire des rapports sociaux en Afrique
L'étude de la violence ordinaire s'est développée dans les années 90, principalement dans les cercles d'ONGs et de mouvements militants. Pour les sciences sociales, c'est un nouveau terrain de recherche qui a besoin d'investigations approfondies. Dans cette introduction du bulletin de l'APAD sur les « violences ordinaires », nous explorons différentes réflexions théoriques sur l'étude de la violence au quotidien. Un des principaux arguments est q…
The mobile phone, ‘modernity’ and change in Khartoum, Sudan
Mobile interconnections
Communities in the western Cameroonian Grassfields have always been mobile and migratory and this has been facilitated over the years by innovations in information and communication technologies (ICT). Since 2003, rural areas have become gradually more linked to mobile phone networks and the costs of telephony have decreased. The phone is increasingly accessible, but what does this new accessibility to information and communication technology mea…
Conflict mobility and the search for peace in Africa
This chapter summarizes the discussions that could have developed in the clash between the idea of the constitutional state and conflict resolution in relation to conflict mobilities. It presents the initial findings of research on conflict mobilities and peace in Africa but does not (yet) offer a complete overview or a theoretically decisive analysis. Conflicts are seen as an essential part of social dynamics in both Gerti's analysis and in the …
Communicating Africa”. Researching Mobile Kin Communities Communication Technologies, and Social Transformation in Angola and Cameroon
Robin Jeffrey and Assa Doron, The Great Indian Phone Book
Nomadism and mobility in the Sahara-Sahel
The articles compiled in this issue are based on contributions to the workshop “Nomades et migrants dans l'espace Sahara-Sahel: Mobilite, ressources et developpement”, held in Bamako, January 2011
Connecting in mobile communities
African geographical mobilities should be understood in terms of their increasingly global development over the last two decades, and as an interplay of scales of mobility between continents and between African regions or nations. The relationship between these various times and scales of mobility shape mobile communities as a daily reality for many Africans. African family histories and personal lives are full of connecting with those who have l…
Human Telephone Lines”
The flag post mail relay runners, a communications system established in Cameroon during British colonial rule, laid the foundations for the communications structure of this colonial state. They were a remnant of a pre-colonial communications system and, with the advancement of “modern” communications structures such as roads, telephone lines, and post houses, the flag post runner gradually disappeared. This article explores the role of the runne…
Communicating war in Mali, 2012
The Arab Spring raised high expectations for political freedom, especially for situations in which the rapid development of ICT intersects with political oppression and rebellion, as was the case in Mali, West Africa. In 2012 the country’s northern part fell into the hands of ‘rebels’ and jihadists were on the rise. This article tries to understand the development of political agency in relation to the unprecedented access to new ICT of the Fulan…
The mobile phone and society in South Sudan
This article outlines the development of mobile telephony in the nascent Republic of South Sudan (ROSS). We focus specifically on Juba, during turbulent times from the end of the second Sudanese Civil War in 2005 to just after independence in 2011. We highlight the complicated political relations behind the establishment of mobile networks and the main functions and importance of the mobile phone throughout this period. Despite major technical ob…
Political science (32 obras) · Sociology (26 obras) · Geography (17 obras) · African Studies and Geopolitics (15 obras) · Law (15 obras) · African Studies and Ethnography (12 obras) · History (11 obras) · Ethnology (10 obras) · Politics (10 obras) · Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology (9 obras)