R M Medel
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 48796 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | R M Medel |
| NOMBRES | R M |
| APELLIDO | Medel |
| FIRMA | MEDEL R M |
| AFILIACIONES | Universidad Andres Bello |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-6610-3809 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 20 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 88 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 20 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2012 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 3 |
Profile
This profile examines Peru's unexpected popular uprising of 2022–23, which is distinct from its neighbors due to decades of relative calm. We combine three concepts emphasizing time-varying processes: deep-rooted societal inequality across class, ethnicity, and regions resulting in a fragmented civil society (long term); a mounting crisis in political representation (medium term); and the immediate trigger, namely, the removal of President Pedro …
The 'Withdrawn Citizen
Chile's recent constitutional process (2019-2023) is a case in point of a democratic, bottom-up collective effort of constitution-making. It was also an opportunity to bring to closure Chile's long transition to democracy, in which the Constitution - written during the military dictatorship of General Pinochet - had remained in place. As a response to large-scale social unrest, the process was set in motion after a referendum in favour of constit…
Evangelicals and Support for the (Far)Right in Chile's Rural South
Mapping Unionism in Latin America
This study introduces a novel approach to measuring the evolution of union power in Latin America. Using an original dataset covering ten dimensions of union activity across 17 countries from 1990 to 2020, it addresses shortcomings in prior research based on overly broad indicators or narrow case studies. In line with the specialized literature, factor analysis identifies four distinct dimensions of union power-associational, structural, institut…
Justification of violence, ideological preferences, and exposure to protests
We examine the relationship between proximity to actively policed protest events and people's willingness to justify violence against police forces. Focusing on the Chilean social uprising, a series of massive protests between 2019 and 2020, this study highlights the significant implications of law enforcement issues on government legitimacy and the potential for protest policing to escalate violence. To conduct our research, we use a difference-…
Revoltas urbanas na América Latina
En América Latina las revueltas urbanas son cada vez más frecuentes y tienen importantes consecuencias. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las investigaciones existentes se basan en estudios de caso, lo cual impide obtener generalizaciones sobre sus causas, dinámicas y consecuencias. En este artículo discutimos la literatura sobre revueltas urbanas en América Latina y proponemos un marco conceptual para estudiarlas. Definimos las revueltas urbanas con ba…
When do active citizens abstain from the polls? Civic associations, non-electoral participation, and voting in 21st-century democracies
The Nexus between Protest and Electoral Participation
The literature on political participation has consistently found that protest positively and significantly correlates with voting. However, Chile can be considered a deviant case to this pattern. During the last decade, Chileans who participated in street demonstrations were unlikely to participate in elections. What explains this anomaly? We argue that this rupture between participation in protest and in elections results from an effective dista…
Uneven States, Unequal Societies, and Democracy's Unfulfilled Promises
In contemporary Latin America, deep-seated social discontent with political elites and institutions has been, paradoxically, the counterpart of democratic stability and resilience. This paradox suggests that scholarly assessments of democracy are, at least partially, at odds with citizens' own views of democracy. This article thus develops a framework to describe citizens' everyday experience with civil, political, and social entitlements associa…
Politization in Labor Conflict
By examining the demands of labor strikes in the private sector, this article claims that Chilean trade unions have experienced a politization process from the transition to democracy to our days (1990-2019). Assuming a Marxist perspective on the labor process, we propose operationalizing politization into three levels based on the nature of demands: (1) remunerative, (2) related to work conditions, and (3) related to the organization of the labo…
Represión policial y grupos de protesta en Chile
La represión es el resultado de acciones policiales y una herramienta de poder del gobierno para relacionarse con la sociedad movilizada. Ésta ha sido bastante estudiada en contextos anglosajones, pero menos en América Latina y Chile. Por ello, este artículo buscó responder si algunos grupos movilizados son más reprimidos que otros y si los gobiernos de centro-derecha reprimen más o menos que los gobiernos de centro-izquierda. Para esto, se usó u…
Political Strikes in Latin America
Why do people engage in violent tactics during a protest campaign? Understanding radical activist through regionalist mobilizations in Chile
Objective This article seeks to better understand the differences between radical and moderate activists who come from the same mobilization process. Methods Using an original survey data of participants in a regionalist movement in Chile, we employed latent class analysis on 15 different tactics. We found support for a radical, a moderate, and a non‐activist profile. Next, we applied multinomial logistic regression models to explain differences …
No water in the oasis
We analyse the Chilean Spring of 2019-2020 – the fiercest social outburst in Chile during the last three decades. After discussing the combined role of long-standing grievances, political attitudes, and cultural change in triggering the outburst, we study the interplay among peaceful and violent protests and criminal activity. We argue that brutal police repression and governmental mismanagement contributed to deepening the crisis once it explode…
La CUT y los clivajes sindicales en Chile. Entre la pretensión transformadora y la estrategia defensiva
Este artículo plantea que, desde el retorno a la democracia en Chile, la Central Unitaria de Trabajadores (CUT) ha desempeñado un doble papel para el sindicalismo. Por una parte, ha buscado promover, con muy pocos recursos y poco éxito, una nueva legislación para el sector privado del sindicalismo y; por otro, ha defendido, con muchos recursos y éxito, la autonomía y los intereses del sector público. ¿Cómo ha impactado en las identidades y prácti…
What makes a big demonstration? Exploring the impact of mobilization strategies on the size of demonstrations
Massive demonstrations are the staple of powerful social movements, but research on the factors affecting the size of demonstrations (in terms of number of attendants) is almost nonexistent. Why do some demonstrations pack long avenues with masses of people while other ones barely fill a street corner? Combining resource mobilization, political opportunity, and framing theories, we argue that mobilization strategies – the sequence of decisions an…
Tres modelos de conflicto laboral en Chile
Desde la apertura de la democracia hasta los tiempos actuales, la huelga extralegal ha adquirido un rol destacado en los conflictos laborales de Chile, fundamentalmente por la mayor cantidad de trabajadores que se moviliza en comparación a los que participan de la huelga legal. Sin embargo, los diversos estudios existentes al respecto, al enfocarse en descripciones y tendencias generales, no han profundizado en los determinantes de su ocurrencia;…
Solidaridad, Territorio y Coerción. Explicando la ausencia de conflicto en los trabajadores agroindustriales precarizados de la región del Maule, Chile
En base a 53 entrevistas realizadas a trabajadores agroindustriales de cuatro empresas de la región del Maule (Chile), se busca comprender las razones del “desdoblamiento” entre los indicadores objetivos de precariedad laboral y los bajos niveles de conflictividad en el agro, a partir del análisis de la insatisfacción subjetiva de los asalariados con su empleo. Esto se explicaría por factores territoriales, por tradicionalismo de las relaciones l…
Alliances et autonomie politique. Les deux faces du syndicalisme chilien
Depuis dix ans, le Chili connaît une augmentation de la conflictualité du travail, dans laquelle les travailleurs mobilisés par des grèves illégales jouent un rôle prépondérant. À partir d’entretiens avec 43 leaders de grèves menées en 2014, complétés par des données statistiques, nous proposons trois conclusions montrant ce que cette conflictualité du travail révèle de l’état actuel du syndicalisme. 1) L’observation des acteurs et des alliances …
Movimientos sociales rurales y problemática medioambiental
Las profundas transformaciones socio productivas, específicamente aquellas asociadas al impacto de políticas económicas de carácter global, repercuten en los llamados movimientos sociales rurales. El estudio se orienta en comprender los cambios que estos movimientos han experimentado, haciendo especial énfasis en el tránsito histórico de la acción colectiva rural en este nuevo escenario. Se plantea la hipótesis de que la lucha por la tierra, reco…
No water in the oasis
We analyse the Chilean Spring of 2019-2020 – the fiercest social outburst in Chile during the last three decades. After discussing the combined role of long-standing grievances, political attitudes, and cultural change in triggering the outburst, we study the interplay among peaceful and violent protests and criminal activity. We argue that brutal police repression and governmental mismanagement contributed to deepening the crisis once it explode…
What makes a big demonstration? Exploring the impact of mobilization strategies on the size of demonstrations
Massive demonstrations are the staple of powerful social movements, but research on the factors affecting the size of demonstrations (in terms of number of attendants) is almost nonexistent. Why do some demonstrations pack long avenues with masses of people while other ones barely fill a street corner? Combining resource mobilization, political opportunity, and framing theories, we argue that mobilization strategies – the sequence of decisions an…
Uneven States, Unequal Societies, and Democracy's Unfulfilled Promises
In contemporary Latin America, deep-seated social discontent with political elites and institutions has been, paradoxically, the counterpart of democratic stability and resilience. This paradox suggests that scholarly assessments of democracy are, at least partially, at odds with citizens' own views of democracy. This article thus develops a framework to describe citizens' everyday experience with civil, political, and social entitlements associa…
The Nexus between Protest and Electoral Participation
The literature on political participation has consistently found that protest positively and significantly correlates with voting. However, Chile can be considered a deviant case to this pattern. During the last decade, Chileans who participated in street demonstrations were unlikely to participate in elections. What explains this anomaly? We argue that this rupture between participation in protest and in elections results from an effective dista…
Politization in Labor Conflict
By examining the demands of labor strikes in the private sector, this article claims that Chilean trade unions have experienced a politization process from the transition to democracy to our days (1990-2019). Assuming a Marxist perspective on the labor process, we propose operationalizing politization into three levels based on the nature of demands: (1) remunerative, (2) related to work conditions, and (3) related to the organization of the labo…
Profile
This profile examines Peru's unexpected popular uprising of 2022–23, which is distinct from its neighbors due to decades of relative calm. We combine three concepts emphasizing time-varying processes: deep-rooted societal inequality across class, ethnicity, and regions resulting in a fragmented civil society (long term); a mounting crisis in political representation (medium term); and the immediate trigger, namely, the removal of President Pedro …
The 'Withdrawn Citizen
Chile's recent constitutional process (2019-2023) is a case in point of a democratic, bottom-up collective effort of constitution-making. It was also an opportunity to bring to closure Chile's long transition to democracy, in which the Constitution - written during the military dictatorship of General Pinochet - had remained in place. As a response to large-scale social unrest, the process was set in motion after a referendum in favour of constit…
Evangelicals and Support for the (Far)Right in Chile's Rural South
Mapping Unionism in Latin America
This study introduces a novel approach to measuring the evolution of union power in Latin America. Using an original dataset covering ten dimensions of union activity across 17 countries from 1990 to 2020, it addresses shortcomings in prior research based on overly broad indicators or narrow case studies. In line with the specialized literature, factor analysis identifies four distinct dimensions of union power-associational, structural, institut…
When do active citizens abstain from the polls? Civic associations, non-electoral participation, and voting in 21st-century democracies
Alliances et autonomie politique. Les deux faces du syndicalisme chilien
Depuis dix ans, le Chili connaît une augmentation de la conflictualité du travail, dans laquelle les travailleurs mobilisés par des grèves illégales jouent un rôle prépondérant. À partir d’entretiens avec 43 leaders de grèves menées en 2014, complétés par des données statistiques, nous proposons trois conclusions montrant ce que cette conflictualité du travail révèle de l’état actuel du syndicalisme. 1) L’observation des acteurs et des alliances …
Movimientos sociales rurales y problemática medioambiental
Las profundas transformaciones socio productivas, específicamente aquellas asociadas al impacto de políticas económicas de carácter global, repercuten en los llamados movimientos sociales rurales. El estudio se orienta en comprender los cambios que estos movimientos han experimentado, haciendo especial énfasis en el tránsito histórico de la acción colectiva rural en este nuevo escenario. Se plantea la hipótesis de que la lucha por la tierra, reco…
Tres modelos de conflicto laboral en Chile
Desde la apertura de la democracia hasta los tiempos actuales, la huelga extralegal ha adquirido un rol destacado en los conflictos laborales de Chile, fundamentalmente por la mayor cantidad de trabajadores que se moviliza en comparación a los que participan de la huelga legal. Sin embargo, los diversos estudios existentes al respecto, al enfocarse en descripciones y tendencias generales, no han profundizado en los determinantes de su ocurrencia;…
Solidaridad, Territorio y Coerción. Explicando la ausencia de conflicto en los trabajadores agroindustriales precarizados de la región del Maule, Chile
En base a 53 entrevistas realizadas a trabajadores agroindustriales de cuatro empresas de la región del Maule (Chile), se busca comprender las razones del “desdoblamiento” entre los indicadores objetivos de precariedad laboral y los bajos niveles de conflictividad en el agro, a partir del análisis de la insatisfacción subjetiva de los asalariados con su empleo. Esto se explicaría por factores territoriales, por tradicionalismo de las relaciones l…
Alliances et autonomie politique. Les deux faces du syndicalisme chilien
Depuis dix ans, le Chili connaît une augmentation de la conflictualité du travail, dans laquelle les travailleurs mobilisés par des grèves illégales jouent un rôle prépondérant. À partir d’entretiens avec 43 leaders de grèves menées en 2014, complétés par des données statistiques, nous proposons trois conclusions montrant ce que cette conflictualité du travail révèle de l’état actuel du syndicalisme. 1) L’observation des acteurs et des alliances …
What makes a big demonstration? Exploring the impact of mobilization strategies on the size of demonstrations
Massive demonstrations are the staple of powerful social movements, but research on the factors affecting the size of demonstrations (in terms of number of attendants) is almost nonexistent. Why do some demonstrations pack long avenues with masses of people while other ones barely fill a street corner? Combining resource mobilization, political opportunity, and framing theories, we argue that mobilization strategies – the sequence of decisions an…
No water in the oasis
We analyse the Chilean Spring of 2019-2020 – the fiercest social outburst in Chile during the last three decades. After discussing the combined role of long-standing grievances, political attitudes, and cultural change in triggering the outburst, we study the interplay among peaceful and violent protests and criminal activity. We argue that brutal police repression and governmental mismanagement contributed to deepening the crisis once it explode…
La CUT y los clivajes sindicales en Chile. Entre la pretensión transformadora y la estrategia defensiva
Este artículo plantea que, desde el retorno a la democracia en Chile, la Central Unitaria de Trabajadores (CUT) ha desempeñado un doble papel para el sindicalismo. Por una parte, ha buscado promover, con muy pocos recursos y poco éxito, una nueva legislación para el sector privado del sindicalismo y; por otro, ha defendido, con muchos recursos y éxito, la autonomía y los intereses del sector público. ¿Cómo ha impactado en las identidades y prácti…
Represión policial y grupos de protesta en Chile
La represión es el resultado de acciones policiales y una herramienta de poder del gobierno para relacionarse con la sociedad movilizada. Ésta ha sido bastante estudiada en contextos anglosajones, pero menos en América Latina y Chile. Por ello, este artículo buscó responder si algunos grupos movilizados son más reprimidos que otros y si los gobiernos de centro-derecha reprimen más o menos que los gobiernos de centro-izquierda. Para esto, se usó u…
Political Strikes in Latin America
Why do people engage in violent tactics during a protest campaign? Understanding radical activist through regionalist mobilizations in Chile
Objective This article seeks to better understand the differences between radical and moderate activists who come from the same mobilization process. Methods Using an original survey data of participants in a regionalist movement in Chile, we employed latent class analysis on 15 different tactics. We found support for a radical, a moderate, and a non‐activist profile. Next, we applied multinomial logistic regression models to explain differences …
The Nexus between Protest and Electoral Participation
The literature on political participation has consistently found that protest positively and significantly correlates with voting. However, Chile can be considered a deviant case to this pattern. During the last decade, Chileans who participated in street demonstrations were unlikely to participate in elections. What explains this anomaly? We argue that this rupture between participation in protest and in elections results from an effective dista…
Uneven States, Unequal Societies, and Democracy's Unfulfilled Promises
In contemporary Latin America, deep-seated social discontent with political elites and institutions has been, paradoxically, the counterpart of democratic stability and resilience. This paradox suggests that scholarly assessments of democracy are, at least partially, at odds with citizens' own views of democracy. This article thus develops a framework to describe citizens' everyday experience with civil, political, and social entitlements associa…
Politization in Labor Conflict
By examining the demands of labor strikes in the private sector, this article claims that Chilean trade unions have experienced a politization process from the transition to democracy to our days (1990-2019). Assuming a Marxist perspective on the labor process, we propose operationalizing politization into three levels based on the nature of demands: (1) remunerative, (2) related to work conditions, and (3) related to the organization of the labo…
Revoltas urbanas na América Latina
En América Latina las revueltas urbanas son cada vez más frecuentes y tienen importantes consecuencias. Sin embargo, la mayoría de las investigaciones existentes se basan en estudios de caso, lo cual impide obtener generalizaciones sobre sus causas, dinámicas y consecuencias. En este artículo discutimos la literatura sobre revueltas urbanas en América Latina y proponemos un marco conceptual para estudiarlas. Definimos las revueltas urbanas con ba…
When do active citizens abstain from the polls? Civic associations, non-electoral participation, and voting in 21st-century democracies
Profile
This profile examines Peru's unexpected popular uprising of 2022–23, which is distinct from its neighbors due to decades of relative calm. We combine three concepts emphasizing time-varying processes: deep-rooted societal inequality across class, ethnicity, and regions resulting in a fragmented civil society (long term); a mounting crisis in political representation (medium term); and the immediate trigger, namely, the removal of President Pedro …
The 'Withdrawn Citizen
Chile's recent constitutional process (2019-2023) is a case in point of a democratic, bottom-up collective effort of constitution-making. It was also an opportunity to bring to closure Chile's long transition to democracy, in which the Constitution - written during the military dictatorship of General Pinochet - had remained in place. As a response to large-scale social unrest, the process was set in motion after a referendum in favour of constit…
Evangelicals and Support for the (Far)Right in Chile's Rural South
Mapping Unionism in Latin America
This study introduces a novel approach to measuring the evolution of union power in Latin America. Using an original dataset covering ten dimensions of union activity across 17 countries from 1990 to 2020, it addresses shortcomings in prior research based on overly broad indicators or narrow case studies. In line with the specialized literature, factor analysis identifies four distinct dimensions of union power-associational, structural, institut…
Justification of violence, ideological preferences, and exposure to protests
We examine the relationship between proximity to actively policed protest events and people's willingness to justify violence against police forces. Focusing on the Chilean social uprising, a series of massive protests between 2019 and 2020, this study highlights the significant implications of law enforcement issues on government legitimacy and the potential for protest policing to escalate violence. To conduct our research, we use a difference-…
Political science (19 obras) · Sociology (12 obras) · Law (11 obras) · Political economy (10 obras) · Politics (10 obras) · Political and Social Dynamics in Chile and Latin America (7 obras) · Humanities (6 obras) · Labor Movements and Unions (6 obras) · Law (5 obras) · Philosophy (5 obras)