J E Schwartz
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4880 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | J E Schwartz |
| NOMBRES | J E |
| APELLIDO | Schwartz |
| FIRMA | SCHWARTZ J E |
| AFILIACIONES | Stony Brook University |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-8944-3566 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 91 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 850 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 91 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 0 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1960 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2025 |
| ÍNDICE H | 15 |
My Heart, My Self
My Heart, My Self addresses significant limitations in prior research on the link between discrimination and cardiovascular health. Our findings may shed light on effects of indirect forms of discrimination on blood pressure. This work will inform behavioral interventions that target anticipated and vicarious discrimination as risk factors for cardiovascular disease
Prospective Bidirectional Relationship Between Sleep Duration and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms After Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome
OBJECTIVE: Sleep disturbance is a "hallmark" symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Poor sleep (including short sleep) after combat-related trauma can also predict subsequent PTSD. Less is known about the association between sleep duration and PTSD symptoms when PTSD is induced by acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We examined the bidirectional relationship between sleep duration and PTSD symptoms over the year after hospital evaluation for…
Effects of Daily Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms on Heart Rate Variability
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common, debilitating, and associated with an increased risk of health problems, including cardiovascular disease. PTSD is related to poor autonomic function indicated by reduced heart rate variability (HRV). However, very little work has tested the timescale or direction of these effects, given that most evidence comes from cross-sectional studies. Documentation of when effects occur and in what …
Ecologically Assessed Sleep Duration and Arterial Stiffness in Healthy Men and Women
OBJECTIVE: Among younger adults, to determine the associations of actigraph- and self-reported sleep duration with arterial stiffness (AS) assessed in clinic and in ecologically valid contexts, and to examine sex-specific associations. METHODS: Healthy adults ( n = 282, median age = 29 years, 67% women) completed a state-of-the-art assessment of AS at rest (SphygmoCor; carotid femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV]; central augmentation index [cAIx]…
An Intensive Longitudinal Assessment Approach to Surveilling Trajectories of Burnout over the First Year of the Covid Pandemic
Frontline clinicians responding to the COVID-19 pandemic are at increased risk of burnout, but less is known about the trajectory of clinician burnout as caseloads increase and decrease. Personal and professional resources, including self-efficacy and hospital support, can attenuate the risk of burnout. Yet, empirical data documenting how burnout and resources changed as the pandemic waxed and waned are limited. This intensive longitudinal prospe…
Relationship quality and objectively measured physical activity before and after implementation of Covid-19 stay-home orders
In a sample of 28 individuals cohabiting with a partner in NYC, Boston, or Chicago, this study tested whether implementation of stay-home orders to combat the spread of COVID-19 disrupted physical activity and whether high-quality romantic relationships buffered adverse effects. Participants provided FitBit data between February and October, 2020. Stay-home orders were associated with a reduction in daily step counts, B = −1595.72, p = 0.018, inc…
Psychological distress, coping behaviors, and preferences for support among New York healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Response to Romantic Partner Interactions and Long-Term Cardiovascular Health Outcomes
OBJECTIVE: Lower blood pressure (BP) during romantic partner interactions may underlie the association between romantic relationships and better long-term cardiovascular health. This secondary analysis examined the effect of momentary ambulatory BP (ABP) response to partner interactions on between-person changes in left ventricular mass index and mean systolic and diastolic BP over time. METHODS: Participants were 538 married, working adults (mea…
Duration of Perseverative Thinking as Related to Perceived Stress and Blood Pressure
OBJECTIVE: Psychological distress may be intensified and prolonged by perseverative thinking (e.g., rumination, worry). The tendency to engage frequently in perseverative thinking has been linked to increased blood pressure (BP). Research is needed to investigate the physiological consequences of time spent perseverating by testing the momentary association between the duration of perseverative thinking and BP. The present study examines the exte…
The Influence of Daily Stress on Sedentary Behavior
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study, which used mobile technologies to continuously collect data for 1 year, was to examine the association of psychological stress with objectively measured sedentary behavior in adults at both the group (e.g., nomothetic approach) and individual (e.g., idiographic approach) level. METHODS: Data were collected in an observational study of healthy adults (n = 79) residing in the New York City metro area who were s…
The Association of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder With Clinic and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Healthy Adults
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with incident cardiovascular risk. We tested the association of PTSD with clinic and ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in a sample of healthy participants and tested ABP reactivity to anxiety as a mechanism by which PTSD may influence blood pressure (BP). METHODS: Participants were originally enrolled during workplace BP screenings at three sites; approximately 6 years (standard deviatio…
Experiential Wellbeing Data from the American Time Use Survey
The Association of Cigarette Smoking With High-Frequency Heart Rate Variability
OBJECTIVE: Evidence from both laboratory and observational studies suggests that acute and chronic smoking leads to reduced high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV), a measure of cardiac vagal regulation. We used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to study the effect of smoking on concurrent HF-HRV in a trial measuring the effects of hostility reduction and compared 24-hour HF-HRV in smokers and nonsmokers. METHOD: Ambulatory electrocard…
Risk for Incident Hypertension Associated With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Military Veterans and the Effect of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Treatment
OBJECTIVE: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular mortality risk. Neither the prospective relationship of PTSD to incident hypertension risk nor the effect of PTSD treatment on hypertension risk has been established. METHODS: Data from a nationally representative sample of 194,319 veterans were drawn from the Veterans Administration (VA) roster of United States service men and women. This included…
Noncompletion of Nighttime Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
Sundquist, Kevin J. BS; Schwartz, Joseph E. PhD; Edmondson, Donald PhD, MPH; Sumner, Jennifer A. PhD Author Information
Work-related trauma, alienation, and posttraumatic and depressive symptoms in medical examiner employees
The results of this study support social-cognitive models of the development of posttraumatic distress in the workplace and have implications for the development of interventions to prevent and treat mental health symptoms in first responders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)
Perceived Discrimination and Nocturnal Blood Pressure Dipping Among Hispanics
OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the relationship of perceived racism to ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in Hispanics. We explored possible associations between ABP nocturnal dipping and perceived racism in a Hispanic cohort. METHODS: Participants included 180 community-dwelling Hispanics from the Northern Manhattan Study. Measures included perceived racism, socioeconomic status, social support, and ABP monitoring. Nocturnal ABP nondipping was de…
The moderating impact of interacting with distressed families of decedents on trauma exposure in medical examiner personnel
Findings of our research underscore the need for training employees in high-risk occupations to manage their reactions to exposure to distraught family members. Employee training may buffer risk for developing PTSD and depression. (PsycINFO Database Record
Lifetime racial/ethnic discrimination and ambulatory blood pressure
Objective To determine if the relationships of lifetime discrimination to ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) varied as a function of age in a sample of Black and Latino(a) adults ages 19 – 65. Methods Participants were 607 Black (n = 318) and Latino(a) (n = 289) adults (49% female) who completed the Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire-Community Version (PEDQ-CV), which assesses lifetime exposure to racism/ethnic discrimination. They were o…
Self-Esteem and the Acute Effect of Anxiety on Ambulatory Blood Pressure
OBJECTIVES: Recent research suggests that self-esteem may be associated with improved parasympathetic nervous system functioning. This study tested whether high self-esteem is associated with decreased ambulatory systolic blood pressure (ASBP) reactivity to anxiety in healthy adults during the waking hours of a normal day. METHODS: Each of 858 participants completed a short version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and then wore an ABP monitor t…
Place of birth effects on self-reported discrimination
Meta-analysis for Sociology – A Measure-driven Approach
Meta-analytic methods are becoming increasingly important in sociological research. In this article we present an approach for meta-analysis which is especially helpful for sociologists. Conventional approaches to meta-analysis often prioritize "concept-driven" literature searches. However, in disciplines with high theoretical diversity, such as sociology, this search approach might constrain the researcher's ability to fully exploit the entire b…
Trait anxiety and trait anger measured by ecological momentary assessment and their correspondence with traditional trait questionnaires
Expanding Options for Developing Outcome Measures From Momentary Assessment Data
OBJECTIVE: We propose several different patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from momentary, real-time collection of symptom data. In addition to the mean of momentary reports of symptoms, other types of summaries can reflect different aspects of the symptom experience. METHODS: With secondary analyses of two studies of patients with chronic pain assessed with real-time methods, we demonstrate principles for developing outcomes that summarize symptom…
Psychometric characteristics of daily diaries for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®)
Heterogeneity and Intermarriage
public use sample of the 1970 U.S. Census. The two theoretical predictions are: (1) a group's relative size is inversely related to the proportion of its members who are outmarried; and (2) an SMSA's heterogeneity is directly related to the rate of intermarriage in it. The underlying assumption is that the structural constraints of size distributions affect marriage notwithstanding cultural values promoting ingroup marriages. The data confirm the…
Neighborhood and Delinquency
The sociological perspectives which helped formulate the study of delinquency and continue to underlie more specific conceptual frameworks—Social Disorganization, Subculture, and Labeling—point to the importance of contextual effects in the dynamics explaining delinquent and criminal behavior. Yet, systematic examination of such effects has been all but neglected. This paper delineates and empirically assesses neighborhood characteristics postula…
Social status and health
Job characteristics in relation to the prevalence of myocardial infarction in the US Health Examination Survey (HES) and the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Hanes)
Associations between psychosocial job characteristics and past myocardial infarction (MI) prevalence for employed males were tested with the Health Examination Survey (HES) 1960-61, N = 2,409, and the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANES) 1971-75, N = 2,424. A new estimation method is used which imputes to census occupation codes, job characteristic information from national surveys of job characteristics (US Department of Labor, Qualit…
Dimensions of Perceived Racism and Self-Reported Health
Our results suggest that noxious effects of race-related exclusion and threat transcend between-group differences in discriminatory experiences. The effects of race-related exclusion and threat on health, however, may operate through different mechanisms
Does childhood personality predict longevity
Key models relating personality and health predict that personality in childhood is indicative of later health and longevity. Longevity predictions are tested using data derived from the 7-decade longitudinal study initiated by L. M. Terman 1921 (L. M. Terman & M. H. Oden, 1947). Variables representing major dimensions of personality are used in statistical survival analyses of longevity in 1,178 males and females. Conscientiousness in childhood …
Meta-analysis of marital dissolution and mortality
Widowhood and Mortality
The study of spousal bereavement and mortality has long been a major topic of interest for social scientists, but much remains unknown with respect to important moderating factors, such as age, follow-up duration, and geographic region. The present study examines these factors using meta-analysis. Keyword searches were conducted in multiple electronic databases, supplemented by extensive iterative hand searches. We extracted 1,377 mortality risk …
Sociodemographic and psychosocial factors in childhood as predictors of adult mortality
OBJECTIVES: Childhood sociodemographic, psychosocial, and environmental factors are often assumed to affect adult health and longevity. These relationships were prospectively tested by using the 7-decade Terman Life Cycle Study of Children With High Ability (n = 1285). METHODS: Parental socioeconomic status, childhood health, objective childhood stressors (e.g., death or divorce of parents), and childhood personality were considered as potential …
Sociodemographic Variations in Self‐Reported Racism in a Community Sample of Blacks and Latino(a)s
This study investigated dimensions of socioeconomic status (SES) and self‐reported racism among a convenience sample of 418 U.S.‐born, Black and Latino(a) urban‐dwelling adults. Predictors included indexes of individual and neighborhood SES. Self‐reported racism was assessed with the Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire–Community Version. Individuals at all levels of SES report racism, but the type of exposure varies by SES. Lower levels…
Childhood conscientiousness and longevity
A comparison of coping assessed by ecological momentary assessment and retrospective recall
Lifetime racial/ethnic discrimination and ambulatory blood pressure
Objective To determine if the relationships of lifetime discrimination to ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) varied as a function of age in a sample of Black and Latino(a) adults ages 19 – 65. Methods Participants were 607 Black (n = 318) and Latino(a) (n = 289) adults (49% female) who completed the Perceived Ethnic Discrimination Questionnaire-Community Version (PEDQ-CV), which assesses lifetime exposure to racism/ethnic discrimination. They were o…
A procedure for linking psychosocial job characteristics data to health surveys
A system is presented for linking information about psychosocial characteristics of job situations to national health surveys. Job information can be imputed to individuals on surveys that contain three-digit US Census occupation codes. Occupational mean scores on psychosocial job characteristics-control over task situation (decision latitude), psychological work load, physical exertion, and other measures-for the linkage system are derived from …
Place of birth effects on self-reported discrimination
Impact of socioeconomic status on longitudinal accumulation of cardiovascular risk in young adults
Parental divorce
Using an archival prospective design, the authors studied associations among parental divorce occurring during participants' childhood, adult psychosocial mediators, and mortality over the life span of a subgroup of participants (N = 1,261) in the Terman Life Cycle Study (1921-1991). Children from divorced families grew up to show a higher risk of premature mortality across the life span. The higher mortality risk for men was explained, in part, …
The Welfare Approach to Measuring Inequality
The work on this chapter was done while Joseph Schwartz was a graduate student at Harvard University (with support from National Science Foundation Grant SOC76-24394, Harrison White, principal investigator) and Christopher Winship was a research associate at the Institute for Research on Poverty. This research was supported in part by funds granted to the Institute for Research on Poverty at the University of Wisconsin-Madison by the Department o…
Does trait coping exist? A momentary assessment approach to the evaluation of traits
This study investigated the extent to which momentary reports of coping are a traitlike phenomenon and the validity of a questionnaire assessment of coping style. Participants (N = 96) completed the questionnaire, then monitored stressful events and coping activities for 2 days using a hand-held computer that administered a brief assessment every 40 min. Momentary reports exhibited a sizable traitlike component: Individual differences accounted f…
Experiential Wellbeing Data from the American Time Use Survey
Meta-analysis for Sociology – A Measure-driven Approach
Meta-analytic methods are becoming increasingly important in sociological research. In this article we present an approach for meta-analysis which is especially helpful for sociologists. Conventional approaches to meta-analysis often prioritize "concept-driven" literature searches. However, in disciplines with high theoretical diversity, such as sociology, this search approach might constrain the researcher's ability to fully exploit the entire b…
The Neglected Problem of Measurement Error in Categorical Data
The problems created by measurement error are entirely ignored in the vast majority of statistical analyses. To adjust for the effects of measurement error requires both a theory, or model, of measurement and estimates of the relevant measurement parameters (e.g., reliability coefficients). A fairly well-developed measurement theory for interval level data has been known for quite some time. A corresponding measurement theory for categorical data…
Effects of occupational stress on the physical and psychological health of women in a microelectronics plant
The Work Environments of Male and Female Professionals
Structured interviews were conducted with 1,115 male and 271 female professional employees of a major American corporation. Statistically significant gender differences were found in each of three objective job characteristics (job title, salary grade, and number of employees supervised), whereas few significant gender differences were found in subjective job characteristics (intrinsic and importance rewards, peer cohesion, staff support, role co…
Inequality and Intermarriage
L'empire romain, l'Egypte, et le commerce oriental
L'excellent ouvrage de M. P. Charlesworth, avec sa bibliographie abondante, n'est pas sans créer quelque illusion sur l'étendue de notre documentation concernant les liens commerciaux entre Rome et les pays qui sont à l'Est et en dehors de l'Empire. La minceur des sources utilisables ne fait qu'augmenter les difficultés d'un problème à la fois historique, géographique et économique. Mais son intérêt est immense
Papyrologica Bruxellensia
An Examination of Concor and Related Methods for Blocking Sociometric Data
The scientific evaluation of Freud's theories and therapy
The scientific evaluation of Freud's·theories and therapy
The Welfare Approach to Measuring Inequality
The work on this chapter was done while Joseph Schwartz was a graduate student at Harvard University (with support from National Science Foundation Grant SOC76-24394, Harrison White, principal investigator) and Christopher Winship was a research associate at the Institute for Research on Poverty. This research was supported in part by funds granted to the Institute for Research on Poverty at the University of Wisconsin-Madison by the Department o…
Heterogeneity and Intermarriage
public use sample of the 1970 U.S. Census. The two theoretical predictions are: (1) a group's relative size is inversely related to the proportion of its members who are outmarried; and (2) an SMSA's heterogeneity is directly related to the rate of intermarriage in it. The underlying assumption is that the structural constraints of size distributions affect marriage notwithstanding cultural values promoting ingroup marriages. The data confirm the…
Structures of connectivity
The Neglected Problem of Measurement Error in Categorical Data
The problems created by measurement error are entirely ignored in the vast majority of statistical analyses. To adjust for the effects of measurement error requires both a theory, or model, of measurement and estimates of the relevant measurement parameters (e.g., reliability coefficients). A fairly well-developed measurement theory for interval level data has been known for quite some time. A corresponding measurement theory for categorical data…
The Maturation of a Macrostructural Theory of Intergroup Relations
A General Reliability Model for Categorical Data Applied to Guttman Scales and Current-Status Data
Neighborhood and Delinquency
The sociological perspectives which helped formulate the study of delinquency and continue to underlie more specific conceptual frameworks—Social Disorganization, Subculture, and Labeling—point to the importance of contextual effects in the dynamics explaining delinquent and criminal behavior. Yet, systematic examination of such effects has been all but neglected. This paper delineates and empirically assesses neighborhood characteristics postula…
A procedure for linking psychosocial job characteristics data to health surveys
A system is presented for linking information about psychosocial characteristics of job situations to national health surveys. Job information can be imputed to individuals on surveys that contain three-digit US Census occupation codes. Occupational mean scores on psychosocial job characteristics-control over task situation (decision latitude), psychological work load, physical exertion, and other measures-for the linkage system are derived from …
Job characteristics in relation to the prevalence of myocardial infarction in the US Health Examination Survey (HES) and the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Hanes)
Associations between psychosocial job characteristics and past myocardial infarction (MI) prevalence for employed males were tested with the Health Examination Survey (HES) 1960-61, N = 2,409, and the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANES) 1971-75, N = 2,424. A new estimation method is used which imputes to census occupation codes, job characteristic information from national surveys of job characteristics (US Department of Labor, Qualit…
Inequality and Intermarriage
Effects of occupational stress on the physical and psychological health of women in a microelectronics plant
Does childhood personality predict longevity
Key models relating personality and health predict that personality in childhood is indicative of later health and longevity. Longevity predictions are tested using data derived from the 7-decade longitudinal study initiated by L. M. Terman 1921 (L. M. Terman & M. H. Oden, 1947). Variables representing major dimensions of personality are used in statistical survival analyses of longevity in 1,178 males and females. Conscientiousness in childhood …
The Work Environments of Male and Female Professionals
Structured interviews were conducted with 1,115 male and 271 female professional employees of a major American corporation. Statistically significant gender differences were found in each of three objective job characteristics (job title, salary grade, and number of employees supervised), whereas few significant gender differences were found in subjective job characteristics (intrinsic and importance rewards, peer cohesion, staff support, role co…
Is breast-feeding in infancy associated with adult longevity
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of the study was to determine whether breast-feeding is associated with increased longevity or cause-specific survival. METHODS. Teachers throughout California identified intellectually gifted children as part of a prospective study begun in the 1920s by Lewis Terman. Information on breast-feeding was available on 1170 subjects, who have been followed for more than 65 years. RESULTS. Survival analysis (Cox proportional haz…
Perceived job stress, job strain, and hypertension
Perceived job stress, job strain, and hypertension. P L Schnall, P A Landsbergis, T G Pickering, and J E SchwartzCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.84.2.320 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Body fat and fat distribution in relation to sex differences in blood pressure
The extent to which the relationship between body fat and blood pressure either differs by sex or explains sex differences in blood pressure is examined. Estimates of the relationship of blood pressure to several measures of adiposity in men and women were obtained from a systematic review of the literature and tests of whether these relationships differ by sex were performed. Analysis of covariance (controlling for age and race) was used for bot…
Psychosocial and behavioral predictors of longevity
Impulsive, undercontrolled personalities and major family stresses are known predictors of impaired adjustment, but long-term health effects are unclear. In an archival prospective cohort design, we followed up on L. M. Terman's (Terman & Oden, 1947) sample of gifted children by collecting and coding death certificates for the half of the sample that is now dead. Statistical survival analyses were used to predict longevity and cause of death as a…
Psychosocial and behavioral predictors of longevity
Sociodemographic and psychosocial factors in childhood as predictors of adult mortality
OBJECTIVES: Childhood sociodemographic, psychosocial, and environmental factors are often assumed to affect adult health and longevity. These relationships were prospectively tested by using the 7-decade Terman Life Cycle Study of Children With High Ability (n = 1285). METHODS: Parental socioeconomic status, childhood health, objective childhood stressors (e.g., death or divorce of parents), and childhood personality were considered as potential …
Childhood conscientiousness and longevity
Medicine (62 obras) · Psychology (54 obras) · Internal Medicine (37 obras) · Psychiatry (31 obras) · Internal Medicine (29 obras) · Clinical Psychology (27 obras) · Blood pressure (25 obras) · Social Psychology (22 obras) · Demography (20 obras) · Gerontology (18 obras)