Bob G Knight
Datos Biográficos
| ID | 4930263 |
|---|---|
| NOMBRE | Bob G Knight |
| NOMBRES | Bob G |
| APELLIDO | Knight |
| FIRMA | KNIGHT B G |
| AFILIACIONES | University of Southern California |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-1092-1407 |
| VERIFICADO | Sí |
| TOTAL DE OBRAS | 33 |
| TOTAL DE CITAS | 127 |
| TOTAL COMO AUTOR | 24 |
| TOTAL COMO EDITOR | 9 |
| PRIMER AÑO DE PUBLICACIÓN | 1980 |
| AÑO MÁS RECIENTE DE PUBLICACIÓN | 2024 |
| ÍNDICE H | 6 |
Validation of the spiritual screening tool ConnecTo
Understanding more about an older person’s spirituality is important when they begin engagement with organizations providing care. This research sought to determine the validity of the ConnecTo spirituality screening tool. This tool enables care providers to gain some understanding of the spirituality of older people entering residential aged care or receiving a home care package. A mixed-methods, triangulated approach was used in determining tha…
An Equine-Assisted Intervention Versus Non-Manualized Psychotherapy for Youth in a Residential Childcare Facility
Characteristics of individuals with disruptive behavior disorders often include elevated externalizing behaviors such as impulsivity, defiance of authority and antagonism of social norms. Evidence shows that adolescents diagnosed with these types of disorders are particularly challenging to treat; however, therapies incorporating horses have shown some success. We examined the impact of an equine-assisted intervention compared to a non-manualized…
Values and the experience of family care-giving
The Sociocultural Stress and Coping Model focuses on the role of cultural values in shaping the stress and coping process for family care-givers of frail older adults. The literature suggested ethnic group-specific values as influences. The current study explored care-givers’ perceptions of values influencing caring to identify values not addressed in quantitative studies of cross-cultural care-giving. Seventeen family care-givers from Australian…
Real change or more of the same? Analysing Australian media's portrayal of intellectual disability during the NDIS rollout
Despite significant disability policy change, media presentations continue to reinforce stereotypes of people with intellectual disability and position the government as one continuing to fall short in critical areas of funding, safety, and support
Daily Control Beliefs and Cognition
These findings demonstrate the role of physical activity in linking control beliefs and cognition on a daily level using a within-person approach to investigate the dynamic processes in beliefs and cognition
Telomere Length and Depression Among Ex-Prisoners of War
Findings suggest that the detrimental ramifications of accelerated subjective age involve premature cellular senesces, and may explain the relation between depression and accelerated aging processes among trauma victims. Hence, clinical interventions may seek to address accelerated subjective age among trauma survivors who suffer from depression
Increases in Neuroticism May Be an Early Indicator of Dementia
Replication of our previous work in 2 additional datasets provides compelling evidence that increases in neuroticism may be early indication of dementia, which can facilitate development of screening assessments
Uncovering Susceptibility Risk to Online Deception in Aging
Short-term memory, verbal fluency, and positive affect in middle-old age may contribute to resilience against online spear-phishing attacks. These results inform mechanisms of online fraud susceptibility and real-life decision-supportive interventions toward fraud risk reduction in aging
Confucian Values as a Buffer Against Age-Based Stereotype Threat for Chinese Older Adults
Confirming that younger adults have an obligation to respect their elders can eliminate the social-evaluative pressure of stereotype threat for Chinese older adults. These findings are noteworthy since population aging is happening at an unprecedented pace in East Asia. Although our results suggest that stereotype threat can adversely affect older adults' cognitive performance in these societies, we also identify a culturally-based intervention t…
Age Differences in Beliefs About Emotion Regulation Strategies
These findings provide insight into the reasons people of different ages may select and implement different emotion regulation strategies, which may influence their emotional well-being
Aging and the Social Ecology of Everyday Interpersonal Perception
Aging individuals make similar types of interpersonal judgments, but the targets and locations of these judgments may change with age. Future studies on interpersonal perception and aging will need to account for these features of the aging individual's social ecology to provide an accurate assessment of the aging process
Genuine Smiles by Patients During Marital Interactions are Associated with Better Caregiver Mental Health
Patients' expression of Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles may reveal important aspects of the emotional quality of the patient-caregiver relationship that influence caregiver burden and mental health
When Gist and Familiarity Collide
When helpful gist and misleading familiarity collide, gist wins, and eliminates age-related increases in false recognition
Brief on the Role of Psychologists in Residential and Home Care Services for Older Adults
ObjectiveThis brief examines the evidence that is currently available to inform the provision of psychological services within aged care services, considering both residential care and home care settings.MethodA narrative literature review of the literature evaluating psychological approaches for common conditions in aged care settings was conducted, focusing on the assessment and treatment of common mental health disorders and dementia. Informat…
Age Differences in Interpreting Ambiguous Situations
Our results showed that thematic factors had an effect on the positivity effect on interpretation generation, but regardless of content themes, older adults selected a less negative interpretation as the most likely, despite knowing alternative negative explanations. The positivity effect remained for older adults in high trait and state depressed mood. Together these findings are consistent with the pattern of older adults' tendency to maximize …
Does Cognitive Aging Affect Eyewitness Recall and Testimony
Editors' Preface to the Special Issue on Widowhood and Bereavement
Psychotherapy With Older Adults Within a Family Context
The discussion of psychotherapy with older adults has largely focused on individual therapy. In this chapter, we review literature on the role of marriage and the quality of marital relationship in assuring good mental and physical health in later life. We also review the smaller literature on parent–child relationships in later life. Implications of advancing knowledge about marriage and family relationships for therapy with older adults are dis…
Effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in promoting the well-being of independently living older people
BACKGROUND: Older people are at risk for health decline and loss of independence. Lifestyle interventions offer potential for reducing such negative outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a preventive lifestyle-based occupational therapy intervention, administered in a variety of community-based sites, in improving mental and physical well-being and cognitive functioning in ethnically diverse …
Positivity Effects in Older Adults' Perception of Facial Emotion
Age differences in the perception of emotional expressions showed positivity effects, especially for ambiguous facial expressions. These effects were related to time perspective rather than to age per se. The understanding of the positivity effect in older adults needs to consider the proposed causal role of limited time perspective rather than assuming positivity effects in all older adults
Impact of Childhood Parental Abuse and Neglect on Sleep Problems in Old Age
Parental emotional abuse in childhood hindered the development of supportive social relationships later in life, which was associated with more emotional distress, and exerted a negative influence on subjective sleep quality among older adults. Future research should examine other underlying mechanisms that explain the contribution of human attachment to sleep across the lifespan
Training in Professional Psychology in the US
Professional psychology training in the US is moving toward a competency based model rather than the traditional exposure to training opportunities model. The competencies perspective in education of professional psychologists has strengths in refocusing the evaluation of training on outcomes rather than on arbitrary, traditional processes. A challenge is the development of assessment tools for the evaluation of competencies in professional psych…
Cultural Values and Caregiving
This review revises the sociocultural stress and coping model for culturally diverse family caregivers proposed in 1997 by Aranda and Knight. Available research on the influence of cultural values on the stress and coping process among family caregivers supports a common core model that is consistent across ethnic groups and that links care recipients' behavior problems and functional impairments to caregivers' burden appraisals and health outcom…
The Effects of Familism and Cultural Justification on the Mental and Physical Health of Family Caregivers
These findings suggest that feelings of obligation may be accounting for a significant proportion of the negative effects of familism on caregivers' mental and subjective physical health. Expectations of familial social support may be relatively inconsequential in this process
Influence of Sad Mood and Old Age Schema on Older Adults' Attention to Physical Symptoms
We examined how mood and activation of old age schema influenced attentional focus on physical symptoms in older adults. Seventy-one individuals aged 60 years or above participated in an experiment that manipulated mood and old age schema. They completed a modified Stroop task that measured attentional bias to physical symptoms. Controlling for baseline processing speed, the two variables had significant main and interaction effects on attentiona…
A Sociocultural Stress and Coping Model for Mental Health Outcomes Among African American Caregivers in Southern California
A sociocultural stress and coping model to explain emotional distress among caregivers of family members who have dementia across ethnic and cultural groups is presented and explored in a sample of 41 African American and 128 non-African American caregivers. In this sample, African American caregivers reported lower levels of burden but equal levels of depression and anxiety. In the structural equation model, previous reports that African America…
The Effects of Familism and Cultural Justification on the Mental and Physical Health of Family Caregivers
These findings suggest that feelings of obligation may be accounting for a significant proportion of the negative effects of familism on caregivers' mental and subjective physical health. Expectations of familial social support may be relatively inconsequential in this process
Self‐help groups
The emergence of self-help groups as an important source of help-giving for persons with psychological problems has occurred without a systematic attempt to tap an important source of information about this phenomenon: the members themselves. Eighty members of nine self-help groups were surveyed. The results of this study suggest that self-help groups serve a different population than do professional therapists, that the help-giving processes are…
Depression Among Elderly Korean Immigrants
This study examined predictors of depression in a sample of 95 elderly Korean immigrants aged 60 or over. Depression among Korean immigrants was hypothesized to be associated with socio-demo-graphic and cultural factors, including health status, gender, education, financial status, acculturation level, familism, social support, especially from the family, and family relationships. A face-to-face interview was conducted in Korean using a structure…
Influence of Neuroticism, Ethnicity, Familism, and Social Support on Perceived Burden in Dementia Caregivers
In this study we assessed the new transactional stress and social support model, postulating the role of neuroticism, ethnicity, familism, and social support in perceived burden in dementia caregivers. We used a convenience sample (N=77) of African American and White dementia caregivers. Results substantiated interrelationships among social support variables, and the influence of perceived positive social support on burden. Neuroticism was relate…
Uncovering Susceptibility Risk to Online Deception in Aging
Short-term memory, verbal fluency, and positive affect in middle-old age may contribute to resilience against online spear-phishing attacks. These results inform mechanisms of online fraud susceptibility and real-life decision-supportive interventions toward fraud risk reduction in aging
Confucian Values as a Buffer Against Age-Based Stereotype Threat for Chinese Older Adults
Confirming that younger adults have an obligation to respect their elders can eliminate the social-evaluative pressure of stereotype threat for Chinese older adults. These findings are noteworthy since population aging is happening at an unprecedented pace in East Asia. Although our results suggest that stereotype threat can adversely affect older adults' cognitive performance in these societies, we also identify a culturally-based intervention t…
Positivity Effects in Older Adults' Perception of Facial Emotion
Age differences in the perception of emotional expressions showed positivity effects, especially for ambiguous facial expressions. These effects were related to time perspective rather than to age per se. The understanding of the positivity effect in older adults needs to consider the proposed causal role of limited time perspective rather than assuming positivity effects in all older adults
Impact of Childhood Parental Abuse and Neglect on Sleep Problems in Old Age
Parental emotional abuse in childhood hindered the development of supportive social relationships later in life, which was associated with more emotional distress, and exerted a negative influence on subjective sleep quality among older adults. Future research should examine other underlying mechanisms that explain the contribution of human attachment to sleep across the lifespan
Daily Control Beliefs and Cognition
These findings demonstrate the role of physical activity in linking control beliefs and cognition on a daily level using a within-person approach to investigate the dynamic processes in beliefs and cognition
Telomere Length and Depression Among Ex-Prisoners of War
Findings suggest that the detrimental ramifications of accelerated subjective age involve premature cellular senesces, and may explain the relation between depression and accelerated aging processes among trauma victims. Hence, clinical interventions may seek to address accelerated subjective age among trauma survivors who suffer from depression
Brief on the Role of Psychologists in Residential and Home Care Services for Older Adults
ObjectiveThis brief examines the evidence that is currently available to inform the provision of psychological services within aged care services, considering both residential care and home care settings.MethodA narrative literature review of the literature evaluating psychological approaches for common conditions in aged care settings was conducted, focusing on the assessment and treatment of common mental health disorders and dementia. Informat…
Effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in promoting the well-being of independently living older people
BACKGROUND: Older people are at risk for health decline and loss of independence. Lifestyle interventions offer potential for reducing such negative outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a preventive lifestyle-based occupational therapy intervention, administered in a variety of community-based sites, in improving mental and physical well-being and cognitive functioning in ethnically diverse …
Age Differences in Beliefs About Emotion Regulation Strategies
These findings provide insight into the reasons people of different ages may select and implement different emotion regulation strategies, which may influence their emotional well-being
Increases in Neuroticism May Be an Early Indicator of Dementia
Replication of our previous work in 2 additional datasets provides compelling evidence that increases in neuroticism may be early indication of dementia, which can facilitate development of screening assessments
Real change or more of the same? Analysing Australian media's portrayal of intellectual disability during the NDIS rollout
Despite significant disability policy change, media presentations continue to reinforce stereotypes of people with intellectual disability and position the government as one continuing to fall short in critical areas of funding, safety, and support
Aging and the Social Ecology of Everyday Interpersonal Perception
Aging individuals make similar types of interpersonal judgments, but the targets and locations of these judgments may change with age. Future studies on interpersonal perception and aging will need to account for these features of the aging individual's social ecology to provide an accurate assessment of the aging process
Genuine Smiles by Patients During Marital Interactions are Associated with Better Caregiver Mental Health
Patients' expression of Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles may reveal important aspects of the emotional quality of the patient-caregiver relationship that influence caregiver burden and mental health
Influence of Sad Mood and Old Age Schema on Older Adults' Attention to Physical Symptoms
We examined how mood and activation of old age schema influenced attentional focus on physical symptoms in older adults. Seventy-one individuals aged 60 years or above participated in an experiment that manipulated mood and old age schema. They completed a modified Stroop task that measured attentional bias to physical symptoms. Controlling for baseline processing speed, the two variables had significant main and interaction effects on attentiona…
Self‐help groups
The emergence of self-help groups as an important source of help-giving for persons with psychological problems has occurred without a systematic attempt to tap an important source of information about this phenomenon: the members themselves. Eighty members of nine self-help groups were surveyed. The results of this study suggest that self-help groups serve a different population than do professional therapists, that the help-giving processes are…
Clinician baiting and the study of natural helpers
Clinician baiting and the study of natural helpers
The Influence of Ethnicity and Culture on the Caregiver Stress and Coping Process
The authors review the literature on ethnic minority caregivers and suggest that ethnicity and culture play a significant role in the stress and coping process for Latino caregivers. Caregivers of older Latinos face special challenges in the caregiving for individuals at higher risk for specific chronic diseases, who are disabled at earlier ages, and who have more functional disabilities. Ethnicity and culture can also influence the appraisal of …
A Sociocultural Stress and Coping Model for Mental Health Outcomes Among African American Caregivers in Southern California
A sociocultural stress and coping model to explain emotional distress among caregivers of family members who have dementia across ethnic and cultural groups is presented and explored in a sample of 41 African American and 128 non-African American caregivers. In this sample, African American caregivers reported lower levels of burden but equal levels of depression and anxiety. In the structural equation model, previous reports that African America…
Depression Among Elderly Korean Immigrants
This study examined predictors of depression in a sample of 95 elderly Korean immigrants aged 60 or over. Depression among Korean immigrants was hypothesized to be associated with socio-demo-graphic and cultural factors, including health status, gender, education, financial status, acculturation level, familism, social support, especially from the family, and family relationships. A face-to-face interview was conducted in Korean using a structure…
Social and Personal Factors as Predictors of Earthquake Preparation
Panel data collected in 1991 as part of the University of Southern California Longitudinal Study of Generations (LSOG) were used to predict reported preparation activities prior to and in response to the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake. In late 1994 and early 1995, 163 panelists (representing 107 multigenerational families) were interviewed by phone about their earthquake experiences. The best 1991 predictor of pre-quake preparation was t…
Influence of Neuroticism, Ethnicity, Familism, and Social Support on Perceived Burden in Dementia Caregivers
In this study we assessed the new transactional stress and social support model, postulating the role of neuroticism, ethnicity, familism, and social support in perceived burden in dementia caregivers. We used a convenience sample (N=77) of African American and White dementia caregivers. Results substantiated interrelationships among social support variables, and the influence of perceived positive social support on burden. Neuroticism was relate…
Influence of Sad Mood and Old Age Schema on Older Adults' Attention to Physical Symptoms
We examined how mood and activation of old age schema influenced attentional focus on physical symptoms in older adults. Seventy-one individuals aged 60 years or above participated in an experiment that manipulated mood and old age schema. They completed a modified Stroop task that measured attentional bias to physical symptoms. Controlling for baseline processing speed, the two variables had significant main and interaction effects on attentiona…
Cultural Values and Caregiving
This review revises the sociocultural stress and coping model for culturally diverse family caregivers proposed in 1997 by Aranda and Knight. Available research on the influence of cultural values on the stress and coping process among family caregivers supports a common core model that is consistent across ethnic groups and that links care recipients' behavior problems and functional impairments to caregivers' burden appraisals and health outcom…
The Effects of Familism and Cultural Justification on the Mental and Physical Health of Family Caregivers
These findings suggest that feelings of obligation may be accounting for a significant proportion of the negative effects of familism on caregivers' mental and subjective physical health. Expectations of familial social support may be relatively inconsequential in this process
Positivity Effects in Older Adults' Perception of Facial Emotion
Age differences in the perception of emotional expressions showed positivity effects, especially for ambiguous facial expressions. These effects were related to time perspective rather than to age per se. The understanding of the positivity effect in older adults needs to consider the proposed causal role of limited time perspective rather than assuming positivity effects in all older adults
Impact of Childhood Parental Abuse and Neglect on Sleep Problems in Old Age
Parental emotional abuse in childhood hindered the development of supportive social relationships later in life, which was associated with more emotional distress, and exerted a negative influence on subjective sleep quality among older adults. Future research should examine other underlying mechanisms that explain the contribution of human attachment to sleep across the lifespan
Training in Professional Psychology in the US
Professional psychology training in the US is moving toward a competency based model rather than the traditional exposure to training opportunities model. The competencies perspective in education of professional psychologists has strengths in refocusing the evaluation of training on outcomes rather than on arbitrary, traditional processes. A challenge is the development of assessment tools for the evaluation of competencies in professional psych…
Psychotherapy With Older Adults Within a Family Context
The discussion of psychotherapy with older adults has largely focused on individual therapy. In this chapter, we review literature on the role of marriage and the quality of marital relationship in assuring good mental and physical health in later life. We also review the smaller literature on parent–child relationships in later life. Implications of advancing knowledge about marriage and family relationships for therapy with older adults are dis…
Effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in promoting the well-being of independently living older people
BACKGROUND: Older people are at risk for health decline and loss of independence. Lifestyle interventions offer potential for reducing such negative outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a preventive lifestyle-based occupational therapy intervention, administered in a variety of community-based sites, in improving mental and physical well-being and cognitive functioning in ethnically diverse …
Editors' Preface to the Special Issue on Widowhood and Bereavement
Does Cognitive Aging Affect Eyewitness Recall and Testimony
Age Differences in Interpreting Ambiguous Situations
Our results showed that thematic factors had an effect on the positivity effect on interpretation generation, but regardless of content themes, older adults selected a less negative interpretation as the most likely, despite knowing alternative negative explanations. The positivity effect remained for older adults in high trait and state depressed mood. Together these findings are consistent with the pattern of older adults' tendency to maximize …
Brief on the Role of Psychologists in Residential and Home Care Services for Older Adults
ObjectiveThis brief examines the evidence that is currently available to inform the provision of psychological services within aged care services, considering both residential care and home care settings.MethodA narrative literature review of the literature evaluating psychological approaches for common conditions in aged care settings was conducted, focusing on the assessment and treatment of common mental health disorders and dementia. Informat…
Aging and the Social Ecology of Everyday Interpersonal Perception
Aging individuals make similar types of interpersonal judgments, but the targets and locations of these judgments may change with age. Future studies on interpersonal perception and aging will need to account for these features of the aging individual's social ecology to provide an accurate assessment of the aging process
Genuine Smiles by Patients During Marital Interactions are Associated with Better Caregiver Mental Health
Patients' expression of Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles may reveal important aspects of the emotional quality of the patient-caregiver relationship that influence caregiver burden and mental health
When Gist and Familiarity Collide
When helpful gist and misleading familiarity collide, gist wins, and eliminates age-related increases in false recognition
Daily Control Beliefs and Cognition
These findings demonstrate the role of physical activity in linking control beliefs and cognition on a daily level using a within-person approach to investigate the dynamic processes in beliefs and cognition
Telomere Length and Depression Among Ex-Prisoners of War
Findings suggest that the detrimental ramifications of accelerated subjective age involve premature cellular senesces, and may explain the relation between depression and accelerated aging processes among trauma victims. Hence, clinical interventions may seek to address accelerated subjective age among trauma survivors who suffer from depression
Psychology (32 obras) · Medicine (15 obras) · Developmental psychology (12 obras) · Clinical Psychology (11 obras) · Psychiatry (11 obras) · Political science (8 obras) · Cognitive psychology (7 obras) · Mental health (7 obras) · Social Psychology (7 obras) · Sociology (7 obras)